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people+say+it's+impossible

  • 81 турусы на колёсах

    разг., ирон.
    nonsense; twaddle; rubbish; cf. a cock-and-bull story; a mare's nest

    - Выдумать всё, что вы рассказали, невозможно... Но другие люди, более недоверчивые, скажут: вот старый глупый человек, дал деньги каким-то неизвестным ссыльным, наговорившим ему турусы на колесах. (В. Обручев, Земля Санникова) — 'It's impossible to have made up all that you told me... But other people will be sceptical and say: that old blockhead gave his money to some exiles who came to with a cock-bull story.'

    Русско-английский фразеологический словарь > турусы на колёсах

  • 82 whether

    ❢ When whether is used to mean if, it is translated by si: I wonder whether she got my letter = je me demande si elle a reçu ma lettre. See 1 in the entry below. whether often occurs after verbs such as ask, doubt, decide, know, say, see and wonder, with adjectives such as doubtful, sure, and with nouns like doubt, question. You can find further examples at these entries.
    In whether…or not sentences whether is translated by que and the verb that follows is in the subjunctive: whether you agree or not = que vous soyez d'accord ou non. See 2 in the entry below. conj
    1 (when outcome is uncertain: if) si ; I wasn't sure whether to answer or not ou whether or not to answer je ne savais pas s'il fallait répondre, je n'étais pas sûr qu'il fallait répondre ; I wonder whether it's true je me demande si c'est vrai ; you can't tell whether she's joking or not c'est impossible de savoir si elle plaisante ; they can't decide whether to buy or rent ils n'arrivent pas à décider s'ils doivent acheter ou louer ; can you check whether it's cooked? est-ce que tu peux vérifier si c'est cuit? ; it's not clear whether they've reached an agreement c'est difficile de savoir s'ils sont tombés d'accord ; the question is whether anyone is interested le problème est de savoir si quelqu'un est intéressé ; she was worried about whether to invite them elle se demandait si elle devait les inviter ;
    2 (when outcome is fixed: no matter if) you're going to school whether you like it or not! tu iras à l'école que cela te plaise ou non! ; whether you have children or not, this book should interest you que vous ayez des enfants ou non, ce livre devrait vous intéresser ; whether or not people are happy is of little importance que les gens soient heureux ou non ce n'est pas très important ; they need an adult whether it be a parent or teacher ils ont besoin d'un adulte que ce soit un parent ou un professeur ; everyone, whether students or townspeople, celebrates tout le monde, que ce soient les étudiants ou les habitants de la ville, fait la fête.

    Big English-French dictionary > whether

  • 83 seem

    seem [si:m]
    sembler ⇒ (a), (d), (e) avoir l'air ⇒ (a) paraître ⇒ (d), (f)
    (a) (with adjective) sembler, avoir l'air;
    ∎ he seems very nice il a l'air très gentil;
    ∎ you don't seem very pleased with the result vous n'avez pas l'air ravi du résultat;
    ∎ you seem (to be) lost vous semblez (être) ou vous avez l'air (d'être) perdu;
    ∎ things aren't always what they seem (to be) les apparences sont parfois trompeuses;
    ∎ just do whatever seems right fais ce que tu jugeras bon de faire;
    ∎ the wind makes it seem colder than it is on dirait qu'il fait plus froid à cause du vent;
    ∎ her behaviour seemed perfectly normal to me son comportement m'a semblé tout à fait normal;
    ∎ how does the situation seem to you? - it seems hopeless que pensez-vous de la situation? - elle me semble désespérée;
    ∎ how did grandfather seem to you? - he seemed much older comment as-tu trouvé grand-père? - j'ai trouvé qu'il avait beaucoup vieilli
    (b) (with infinitive) sembler, avoir l'air;
    ∎ the door seemed to open by itself la porte sembla s'ouvrir toute seule;
    ∎ she seems to have recovered completely elle a l'air d'être tout à fait remise;
    ∎ she seemed to be trying to say something elle semblait essayer de dire quelque chose;
    ∎ he didn't seem to know, he seemed not to know il n'avait pas l'air de savoir;
    ∎ you seem to think you can do as you like here vous avez l'air de croire que vous pouvez faire ce que vous voulez ici;
    ∎ I seem to have heard his name somewhere il me semble avoir entendu son nom quelque part;
    ∎ I seem to sleep better with the window open je crois que je dors mieux avec la fenêtre ouverte;
    ∎ I seem to remember (that)… je crois bien me souvenir que… + indicative;
    ∎ I'm sorry, I seem to have forgotten your name excusez-moi, je crois que j'ai oublié votre nom;
    ∎ I seemed to be floating on a cloud j'avais l'impression de flotter sur un nuage;
    ∎ now, what seems to be the problem? alors, quel est le problème d'après vous?
    (c) (with "can't", "couldn't")
    ∎ I can't seem to do it je n'y arrive pas;
    ∎ I can't seem to remember je n'arrive pas à me souvenir;
    ∎ I couldn't seem to get any answer impossible d'obtenir une réponse
    (d) (with noun, often with "like") sembler, paraître;
    ∎ he seems (like) a nice boy il a l'air très sympathique ou d'un garçon charmant;
    ∎ it seems (like) an excellent idea cela me semble (être) une excellente idée;
    ∎ after what seemed (like) ages, the doctor arrived après une attente qui parut interminable, le médecin arriva;
    ∎ it all seems (like) a long time ago now ça me paraît loin maintenant;
    ∎ it seems like only yesterday il me semble que c'était hier;
    ∎ it seems like a dream on croit rêver
    ∎ it seemed that or as if nothing could make her change her mind il semblait que rien ne pourrait la faire changer d'avis;
    ∎ it seemed as though I'd known her for years j'avais l'impression de la connaître depuis des années;
    ∎ it seems to be raining on dirait qu'il pleut;
    ∎ it seemed best to leave il semblait préférable de partir;
    ∎ it seems like only yesterday c'est comme si c'était hier;
    ∎ it seems likely that this will happen soon cela risque d'arriver bientôt;
    ∎ it seems to me that… il me semble que… + indicative, j'ai l'impression que… + indicative;
    ∎ it seems to me there's no solution j'ai l'impression qu'il n'y a pas de solution;
    ∎ there seems to be some mistake on dirait qu'il y a une erreur, il semble y avoir une erreur;
    ∎ there seem to be many opponents of the bill il semble y avoir ou qu'il y ait beaucoup de gens qui s'opposent au projet de loi;
    ∎ there doesn't seem (to be) much point in going on je ne crois pas qu'il y ait ou j'ai l'impression qu'il n'y a pas grand intérêt à continuer;
    ∎ we've been having a spot of bother - so it seems or would seem! nous avons eu un petit problème - on dirait bien!
    ∎ it seems over two hundred people were killed il paraît que plus de deux cents personnes ont été tuées;
    ∎ it would seem so il paraît que oui;
    ∎ it would seem not il paraît que non, apparemment pas;
    ∎ he doesn't seem to have known about the operation apparemment, il n'était pas au courant de l'opération;
    ∎ it seems or it would seem (that) he already knew il semble ou il semblerait qu'il était déjà au courant

    Un panorama unique de l'anglais et du français > seem

  • 84 think

    think [θɪŋk]
    penser ⇒ 1 (a), 1 (b), 1 (d), 2 (b), 2 (f) raisonner ⇒ 1 (a) réfléchir ⇒ 1 (b), 3 (s')imaginer ⇒ 1 (c), 2 (d) croire ⇒ 1 (d), 2 (b) juger ⇒ 2 (c) considérer ⇒ 2 (c) penser à ⇒ 2 (a), 2 (e) réfléchir à ⇒ 2 (a) se rappeler ⇒ 2 (e) s'attendre à ⇒ 2 (f)
    (pt & pp thought [θɔ:t])
    (a) (reason) penser, raisonner;
    ∎ to think for oneself se faire ses propres opinions;
    ∎ sorry, I wasn't thinking clearly désolé, je n'avais pas les idées claires;
    ∎ to think aloud penser tout haut;
    ∎ familiar to think big voir les choses en grand□ ;
    ∎ she always thinks big elle voit toujours les choses en grand;
    ∎ think big! sois ambitieux!□ ;
    ∎ to think on one's feet réfléchir vite;
    ∎ you couldn't hear yourself think il n'était pas possible de se concentrer;
    ∎ I can't think straight with this headache ce mal de tête m'embrouille les idées
    (b) (ponder, reflect) penser, réfléchir;
    ∎ he thought for a moment il a réfléchi un instant;
    ∎ she doesn't say much but she thinks a lot elle ne dit pas grand-chose, mais elle n'en pense pas moins;
    ∎ think before you speak réfléchissez avant de parler;
    ∎ think again! (reconsider) repensez-y!; (guess) vous n'y êtes pas, réfléchissez donc!;
    ∎ you just don't think, do you! (are inconsiderate, careless etc) jamais tu ne réfléchis, hein!;
    ∎ let me think laisse-moi réfléchir;
    ∎ think carefully before deciding réfléchissez bien avant de vous décider;
    ∎ I thought hard j'ai beaucoup réfléchi;
    ∎ I thought twice before accepting j'ai réfléchi à deux fois avant d'accepter;
    ∎ to act without thinking agir sans réfléchir;
    ∎ I'm sorry, I wasn't thinking désolé, je l'ai fait/dit sans réfléchir;
    ∎ it makes you think ça vous fait réfléchir;
    ∎ that's what set me thinking c'est ce qui m'a fait réfléchir
    (c) (imagine) (s')imaginer;
    ∎ if you think I'd lend you my car again… si tu t'imagines que je te prêterai encore ma voiture…;
    ∎ just think! imaginez(-vous) un peu!;
    ∎ just think, you might have married him! imagine(-toi) que tu aurais pu l'épouser!
    (d) (believe, have as opinion) penser, croire;
    ∎ she thinks as I do elle pense comme moi;
    ∎ to her way of thinking à son avis;
    ∎ it's a lot harder than I thought c'est beaucoup plus difficile que je ne croyais
    (a) (ponder, reflect on) penser à, réfléchir à;
    ∎ he was thinking what they could do next il se demandait ce qu'ils allaient pouvoir faire ensuite;
    ∎ I'm thinking how to go about it je me demande comment il faudrait s'y prendre;
    ∎ I was just thinking how ironic it all is je pensais simplement à l'ironie de la chose;
    ∎ guess what we're thinking essaye de deviner à quoi nous pensons;
    ∎ I kept thinking "why me?" je n'arrêtais pas de me dire: pourquoi moi?;
    ∎ I'm happy to think she's not all alone je suis content de savoir qu'elle n'est pas toute seule;
    ∎ to think deep/evil thoughts avoir des pensées profondes/de mauvaises pensées
    (b) (believe) penser, croire;
    ∎ I think so je crois;
    ∎ I don't think so, I think not je ne crois pas;
    ∎ he's a crook - I thought so or I thought as much c'est un escroc - je m'en doutais;
    ∎ I should think so! je crois bien!;
    ∎ do you think they'll agree? - I should think so croyez-vous qu'ils accepteront? - je pense que oui;
    ∎ he's going to apologize - I should think so (too)! il va s'excuser - j'espère bien!;
    ∎ he apologized - I should think so (too)! il s'est excusé - ce n'est pas trop tôt!;
    ∎ I shouldn't think so je ne crois pas;
    ∎ I think you mean Johnson, not Boswell je crois que tu veux dire Johnson, pas Boswell;
    ∎ more tea? - I don't think I will, thank you encore un peu de thé? - non merci, je ne pense pas;
    ∎ she didn't think he would actually leave elle ne pensait pas qu'il partirait vraiment;
    ∎ she thinks you should leave town elle croit que tu devrais quitter la ville;
    ∎ they asked me what I thought ils m'ont demandé mon avis;
    ∎ what does he think I should do? que pense-t-il ou croit-il que je doive faire?;
    ∎ he wants cream walls - what do you think? il veut des murs crème - qu'est-ce que tu en penses?;
    ∎ I thought I heard a noise j'ai cru ou il m'a semblé entendre un bruit;
    ∎ it's expensive, don't you think? c'est cher, tu ne trouves pas?;
    ∎ familiar oh, he's so honest, I don't think! honnête, mon œil, oui!;
    ∎ I don't know what to think je ne sais pas quoi penser;
    ∎ he thinks he knows everything il croit tout savoir;
    ∎ she thinks she's talented elle se croit ou se trouve douée;
    ∎ that's what you think! tu te fais des illusions!;
    ∎ what will people think? qu'en dira-t-on?, qu'est-ce que les gens vont penser?;
    ∎ it is thought that… on suppose que… + indicative;
    ∎ anyone would think he owned the place on croirait que c'est lui le propriétaire;
    ∎ anybody would think it was Sunday on dirait un dimanche;
    ∎ (just) who does he think he is? (mais) pour qui se prend-il?;
    ∎ you always think the best/the worst of everyone vous avez toujours une très bonne/mauvaise opinion de tout le monde
    (c) (judge, consider) juger, considérer;
    ∎ we think the rule unfair nous trouvons le règlement injuste;
    ∎ you must think me very nosy vous devez me trouver très curieux;
    ∎ everyone thought he was mad on le tenait pour fou;
    ∎ she is thought to be one of the best on dit qu'elle fait partie des meilleurs;
    ∎ you thought her (to be) a fool vous l'avez prise pour une sotte;
    ∎ if you think it necessary si vous le jugez nécessaire;
    ∎ I hardly think it likely that… il me semble peu probable que… + subjunctive
    (d) (imagine) (s')imaginer;
    ∎ I can't think why he refused je ne vois vraiment pas pourquoi il a refusé;
    ∎ you'd think she'd be pleased elle devrait être contente;
    ∎ one would have thought that… c'était à croire que…+ indicative;
    ∎ who'd have thought he'd become president! qui aurait dit qu'elle serait un jour président!;
    ∎ who'd have thought it! qui l'eût cru!;
    ∎ just think what we can do with all that money! imaginez ce qu'on peut faire avec tout cet argent!;
    ∎ I can't think what you mean je n'arrive pas à comprendre ou voir ce que vous voulez dire;
    ∎ and to think she did it all by herself et dire ou quand on pense qu'elle a fait cela toute seule
    (e) (remember) penser à, se rappeler;
    ∎ I can't think what his name is je n'arrive pas à me rappeler son nom, son nom m'échappe;
    ∎ he couldn't think which countries belonged to the EU il n'arrivait pas à se rappeler quels pays étaient membres de l'UE;
    ∎ to think to do sth penser à faire qch;
    ∎ they didn't think to invite her ils n'ont pas pensé à l'inviter;
    ∎ did you think to buy some bread? as-tu pensé à acheter du pain?
    (f) (expect) penser, s'attendre à;
    ∎ I don't think she'll come je ne pense pas qu'elle viendra ou vienne;
    ∎ I didn't think to find you here je ne m'attendais pas à vous trouver ici;
    ∎ I little thought I would see him again je ne m'attendais guère à le revoir
    ∎ I think I'll go for a walk je crois que je vais aller me promener;
    ∎ esp literary I only thought to help you ma seule pensée était de vous aider
    ∎ do you think you could help me? pourriez-vous m'aider?
    ∎ designers are thinking pink le rose, c'est la couleur in chez les stylistes;
    ∎ the company is thinking expansion le maître mot dans la société, c'est expansion□ ;
    ∎ think thin! pensez minceur!
    3 noun
    ∎ to have a think réfléchir;
    ∎ we've had a think about it nous y avons réfléchi;
    ∎ she had a good think about their offer elle a bien réfléchi à leur proposition;
    ∎ I'll have another think about it je vais encore y réfléchir;
    ∎ familiar you've got another think coming! tu te fais des illusions!
    ►► think tank groupe m de réflexion
    (a) (ponder, reflect on)
    ∎ to think about sth/doing sth penser à qch/à faire qch;
    ∎ what are you thinking about? à quoi pensez-vous?;
    ∎ we were just thinking about the holidays nous pensions justement aux vacances;
    ∎ I've thought about your proposal j'ai réfléchi à votre proposition;
    ∎ it's not a bad idea, if you think about it ce n'est pas une mauvaise idée, si tu réfléchis bien;
    ∎ that's worth thinking about cela mérite réflexion;
    ∎ she's thinking about starting a business elle pense à ou envisage de monter une affaire;
    ∎ we'll think about it nous allons y penser ou réfléchir;
    ∎ she has a lot to think about just now elle est très préoccupée en ce moment;
    ∎ there's so much to think about when you buy a house il y a tant de choses à prendre en considération quand on achète une maison;
    ∎ the conference gave us much to think about la conférence nous a donné matière à réflexion;
    ∎ I'll give you something to think about! je vais te donner de quoi réfléchir!
    ∎ all he thinks about is money il n'y a que l'argent qui l'intéresse;
    ∎ he's always thinking about food - what else is there to think about? il ne pense qu'à manger - c'est ce qu'il y a de plus intéressant, non?;
    ∎ I've got my family/future to think about il faut que je pense à ma famille/mon avenir
    ∎ what do you think about him? que pensez-vous de lui?;
    ∎ what do you think about it? qu'en pensez-vous?
    prévoir;
    ∎ you have to learn to think ahead il faut apprendre à prévoir
    ∎ to think back to sth se rappeler qch;
    ∎ think back to that night essayez de vous souvenir de ou vous rappeler cette nuit-là;
    ∎ I thought back over the years j'ai repensé aux années passées;
    ∎ when I think back quand j'y repense
    (a) (have as tentative plan) penser à, envisager de;
    ∎ she's thinking of starting a business elle pense à ou envisage de monter une affaire;
    ∎ what were you thinking of giving her? que pensais-tu lui donner?
    (b) (have in mind) penser à;
    ∎ we're thinking of you nous pensons à toi;
    ∎ I was thinking of how much times have changed je songeais combien les temps ont changé;
    ∎ whatever were you thinking of? où avais-tu la tête?;
    ∎ come to think of it, that's not a bad idea à la réflexion, ce n'est pas une mauvaise idée;
    ∎ we wouldn't think of letting our daughter travel alone il ne nous viendrait pas à l'esprit de laisser notre fille voyager seule;
    ∎ I couldn't think of it! c'est impossible!
    (c) (remember) penser à, se rappeler;
    ∎ I can't think of the address je n'arrive pas à me rappeler l'adresse;
    ∎ he couldn't think of the name il ne se rappelait pas le nom, le nom ne lui venait pas;
    ∎ that makes me think of my childhood ça me rappelle mon enfance
    (d) (come up with → idea, solution)
    ∎ she's the one who thought of double-checking it c'est elle qui a eu l'idée de le vérifier;
    ∎ it's the only way they could think of doing it ils ne voyaient pas d'autre façon de s'y prendre;
    ∎ try every method you can think of essayez toutes les méthodes que vous puissiez imaginer;
    ∎ I thought of the answer j'ai trouvé la réponse;
    ∎ I've just thought of something, she'll be out j'avais oublié ou je viens de me rappeler, elle ne sera pas là;
    ∎ I've just thought of something else il y a autre chose ou ce n'est pas tout;
    ∎ I'd never have thought of that je n'y aurais jamais pensé;
    ∎ why didn't you phone? - I didn't think of it pourquoi n'avez-vous pas téléphoné? - je n'y ai pas pensé;
    ∎ whatever will they think of next? qu'est-ce qu'ils vont bien pouvoir trouver ensuite?;
    ∎ think of a number between 1 and 10 pensez à un chiffre entre 1 et 10;
    ∎ I thought better of it je me suis ravisé;
    ∎ to think better of sb for doing sth estimer qn davantage d'avoir ou pour avoir fait qch;
    ∎ he thought nothing of leaving the baby alone for hours at a time il trouvait (ça) normal de laisser le bébé seul pendant des heures;
    ∎ thank you - think nothing of it! merci - mais je vous en prie ou mais c'est tout naturel!
    (e) (judge, have as opinion)
    ∎ what do you think of the new teacher? comment trouvez-vous le ou que pensez-vous du nouveau professeur?;
    ∎ what do you think of it? qu'en pensez-vous?;
    ∎ she thinks very highly of or very well of him elle a une très haute opinion de lui;
    ∎ he thinks of himself as an artist il se prend pour un artiste;
    ∎ to think a great deal of oneself, to think too much of oneself avoir une haute idée de soi-même ou de sa personne;
    ∎ as a doctor she is very well thought of elle est très respectée en tant que médecin;
    ∎ I hope you won't think badly of me if I refuse j'espère que vous ne m'en voudrez pas si je refuse;
    ∎ I don't think much of that idea cette idée ne me dit pas grand-chose;
    ∎ he doesn't think much of his brother il n'a pas une haute opinion de son frère;
    ∎ I told her what I thought of her je lui ai dit son fait
    (f) (imagine) penser à, imaginer;
    ∎ I always thought of her as being blonde je la croyais blonde;
    ∎ just think of it, me as president! imaginez un peu: moi président!, vous m'imaginez président?;
    ∎ when I think of how things might have turned out quand je pense à la manière dont les choses auraient pu finir;
    ∎ when I think of what might have happened! quand je pense à ce qui aurait pu arriver!;
    ∎ you might have married him, think of that! tu aurais pu l'épouser, imagine un peu!
    (g) (take into consideration) penser à, considérer;
    ∎ I have my family to think of il faut que je pense à ma famille;
    ∎ she never thinks of anyone but herself elle ne pense qu'à elle-même;
    ∎ think of your mother's feelings pense un peu à ta mère;
    ∎ he never thinks of her il n'a aucun égard ou aucune considération pour elle;
    ∎ you never think of the expense tu ne regardes jamais à la dépense;
    ∎ think of how much it will cost! pense un peu à ce que ça va coûter!;
    ∎ you can't think of everything on ne peut pas penser à tout
    (plan) élaborer, préparer; (problem) bien étudier ou examiner; (solution) bien étudier;
    ∎ it needs thinking out cela demande mûre réflexion;
    ∎ he likes to think things out for himself il aime juger des choses par lui-même;
    ∎ a carefully thought-out answer une réponse bien pesée;
    ∎ a well-thought-out plan un projet bien conçu ou ficelé
    bien examiner, bien réfléchir à;
    ∎ we'll have to think it over il va falloir que nous y réfléchissions;
    ∎ this needs thinking over cela mérite réflexion;
    ∎ think the offer over carefully réfléchissez bien à cette proposition;
    ∎ on thinking things over we've decided not to sell the house réflexion faite, on a décidé de ne pas vendre la maison;
    ∎ I need some time to think things over j'ai besoin de temps pour réfléchir
    (plan etc) bien considérer;
    ∎ the scheme has not been properly thought through le plan n'a pas été considéré suffisamment en détail
    (excuse, plan, solution) trouver

    Un panorama unique de l'anglais et du français > think

  • 85 εἰ

    1
    εἰ (Hom.+)
    ① marker of a condition, existing in fact or hypothetical, if (B-D-F §371f, neg. §428, 1; 2; Rob., indexes; JBoyer, Grace Theological Journal 2, ’81, 75–141, marker of a ‘simple, logical connection between protasis and apodosis’).
    ⓐ w. the indic.
    α. in all tenses, to express a condition thought of as real or to denote assumptions relating to what has already happened εἰ υἱὸς εἶ τοῦ θεοῦ if you really are the Son of God Mt 4:3; sim. 5:29f; 6:23; 8:31; Ac 5:39. εἰ σὺ Ἰουδαῖος ἐπονομάζῃ if you call yourself a Judean Ro 2:17. εἰ κατακαυχᾶσαι, οὐ σὺ βαστάζεις if you do boast, (remember) you do not support 11:18 al. In Paul the verb is freq. missing, and is to be supplied fr. the context: εἰ Χριστὸς ἐν ὑμῖν (sc. ἐστιν), τὸ μὲν σῶμα νεκρόν (sc. ἐστιν) 8:10. εἰ τέκνα (sc. ἐστέ) if you are children, then … vs. 17, εἰ χάριτι (γέγονεν), οὐκέτι ἐξ ἔργων 11:6 al. The negative in clauses where the reality of the condition is taken for granted is οὐ (earlier Gk. μή [for exception s. Goodwin p. 138f]; s. B-D-F §428, 1): εἰ οὐ δύναται τοῦτο παρελθεῖν Mt 26:42. εἰ δὲ ὑμεῖς οὐκ ἀφίετε Mk 11:25 [26] v.l. εἰ πιστοὶ οὐκ ἐγένεσθε Lk 16:11f; εἰ οὐκ ἀκούουσιν vs. 31. εἰ οὐ φοβοῦμαι Lk 18:4; cp. J 5:47; 10:37; Ro 8:9; 11:21; 1 Cor 7:9; 9:2; 11:6; 15:13ff, 29, 32; 16:22 al. εἰ is rarely found w. the future εἰ πάντες σκανδαλισθήσονται Mt 26:33; Mk 14:29; εἰ ἀρνησόμεθα 2 Ti 2:12 (cp. Just., A I, 31, 6 εἰ μὴ ἀρνοῖντο Ἰησοῦν); εἰ ὑπομενεῖτε 1 Pt 2:20; εἰ καὶ οὐ δώσει (class. ἐὰν καὶ μὴ δῷ B-D-F §372, 3; Rob. 1012) Lk 11:8. W. aor., when events are regarded as having taken place Mt 24:22; Mk 3:26; 13:20.
    β. w. the pres., impf., aor., or plpf. indic. to express an unreal (contrary to fact) condition (B-D-F §360; 372; Rob. 1012ff). ἄν is usu. found in the apodosis (regularly in class.) εἰ ἐν Τύρῳ καὶ Σίδωνι ἐγένοντο αἱ δυνάμεις, πάλαι ἂν μετενόησαν if the wonders had been done in T. and S., they would have repented long ago Mt 11:21. εἰ ἤμεθα ἐν ταῖς ἡμέραις τῶν πατέρων ἡμῶν if we had lived in the days of our fathers 23:30. εἰ ᾔδει ὁ οἰκοδεσπότης if the master of the house had known 24:43 (cp. Just., A I, 12, 2 εἰ … ταῦτα ἐγίνωσκον; 18, 1 al.) εἰ ἦν προφήτης, ἐγίνωσκεν ἄν if he were a prophet, he would know Lk 7:39 al. The pres. indic. εἰ ἔχετε (v.l. εἴχετε) πίστιν … ἐλέγετε ἄν if you had faith … you would say Lk 17:6. Somet. ἄν is lacking in the apodosis (Polyaenus 2, 3, 5 εἰ ἐπεποιήκειμεν … νῦν ἐχρῆν=if we had done … it would have been necessary; Mitt-Wilck. II/2, 16, 18 [II B.C.]; PRein I, 7 [II B.C.]; POxy 526, 10; 530, 8 and 17; Just., A I, 10, 6; 11:2 al.—PMelcher, De sermone Epict., diss. Halle 1905, 75; Mlt. 200f) εἰ μὴ ἦν οὗτος παρὰ θεοῦ, οὐκ ἠδύνατο if this man were not from God, he would not have been able to … J 9:33. εἰ μὴ ἦλθον, ἁμαρτίαν οὐκ εἴχοσαν if I had not come, they would not have sin 15:22; cp. vs. 24. W. the apodosis placed first Mk 9:42 (v.l. περιέκειτο), Lk 17:2; J 19:11.
    ⓑ εἰ w. subj., as καὶ εἴ τις θελήσῃ Rv 11:5 (s. 7 below), is unusual, perh. a textual error; B-D-F §372, 3 conjectures κἄν for καὶ εἰ. But εἰ w. subj. is found in the older poets and Hdt. (Kühner-G. II 474), in Aristoph., Equ. 698 et al., in var. dialects (EHermann, Griech. Forschungen I 1912, 277f) and in later times (e.g. Epict., Vett. Val., Lucian [ed. CJacobitz, Index graec. 473a]; Philostrat., Vi. Apoll. p. 84, 28; 197, 9; ins [Rdm.2 199]; PRyl 234, 12; POxy 496, 11; Dt 8:5); B-D-F §372, 3; Mlt. 187; Reinhold 107; OSchulthess, AKaegi Festschr. 1919, 161f.
    ⓒ εἰ w. the optative is rare: εἰ καὶ πάσχοιτε … μακάριοι even if you should suffer, … you would be blessed 1 Pt 3:14. εἰ θέλοι (v.l. θέλει) τὸ θέλημα τοῦ θεοῦ if it should be God’s will vs. 17. εἴ τι ἔχοιεν (sc. κατηγορεῖν; cp. Just., A I, 3, 1 εἰ … μηδὲν ἔχοι τις ἐλέγχειν) πρὸς ἐμέ if they should have any charges to bring against me Ac 24:19. εἰ δυνατὸν εἴη (Jos., Ant. 12, 12) if it should be possible 20:16 (but s. B-D-F §385, 2; Just., A II, 15, 2 εἰ δύναιντο). εἰ τύχοι is used as a formula (oft. in later wr., incl. Philo; s. KReik, D. Opt. bei Polyb. u. Philo 1907, 154; Just., A I, 27, 3) it may be, for example, perhaps 1 Cor 15:37; used to tone down an assertion which may be too bold 14:10 (Lucian, Icar. 6 καὶ πολλάκις, εἰ τύχοι, μηδὲ ὁπόσοι στάδιοι Μεγαρόθεν Ἀθήναζέ εἰσιν, ἀκριβῶς ἐπιστάμενοι ‘and many times, so it appears, not even knowing how many stades it is from Megara to Athens’).
    ② marker of an indirect question as content, that (Kühner-G. II 369, 8; Rob. 965. Cp. Appian, Bell. Civ. 5, 67 §283 ἀγανακτέω εἰ=be exasperated that; Sir 23:14 θελήσεις εἰ μὴ ἐγεννήθης; 2 Macc 14:28; 4 Macc 2:1; 4:7. S. on θαυμάζω 1aγ) ἐθαύμασεν εἰ ἤδη τέθνηκεν he was surprised that he was already dead Mk 15:44a. μὴ θαυμάζετε εἰ μισεῖ ὑμᾶς ὁ κόσμος do not wonder that the world hates you 1J 3:13; θαυμαζόντων …, εἰ τοσαύτη σπουδὴ ἦν τοῦ συλληφθῆναι that there was such interest in arresting MPol 7:2; AcPlCor 2:2 (cp. Just., A II, 8, 3 οὐδὲν … θαυμαστόν, εἰ). Sim. also (Procop. Soph., Ep. 123 χάριν ἔχειν εἰ=that) μαρτυρόμενος … εἰ παθητὸς ὁ Χριστός testifying … that the Christ was to suffer (s. πάσχω 3aα) Ac 26:23.—οὐ μέγα εἰ it is not surprising that 2 Cor 11:15 (cp. Aeschin., In Ctes. 94 ἐστὶ δεινὸν εἰ; Diod S 23, 15, 5, παράδοξον … εἰ=incredible … that; ibid. θαυμαστὸν εἰ; Gen 45:28 μέγα μοί ἐστιν εἰ).— That is also poss. after verbs of knowing or not knowing, e.g. J 9:25; Ac 19:2b; 1 Cor 1:16; 7:16; so CBurchard, ZNW 52, ’61, 73–82 but s. 5bα.
    ③ marker in causal clauses, when an actual case is taken as a supposition, where we also can use if instead of since: εἰ τὸν χόρτον … ὁ θεὸς οὕτως ἀμφιέννυσιν if God so clothes the grass Mt 6:30; Lk 12:28; cp. Mt 7:11; Lk 11:13; J 7:23; 10:35; 13:14, 17, 32; Ac 4:9; 11:17; Ro 6:8; 15:27; Col 2:20; Hb 7:15; 1 Pt 1:17; 1J 4:11.
    ④ marker of strong or solemn assertion, without apodosis (=in aposiopesis; B-D-F §482; Rob. 1203) εἰ ἔγνως if you only knew Lk 19:42. εἰ βούλει παρενέγκαι if you would only let (this) pass 22:42 v.l. (cp. the letter fr. IV B.C. in Dssm., LO 120, note 5 [LAE 149]).—Hebraistic in oaths, like אִם: may this or that happen to me, if … (cp. 2 Km 3:25; GBuchanan, HTR 58, ’65, 319–24); this amounts to a strong negation certainly not (cp. Ps 7:4f; Gen 14:23) ἀμὴν λέγω ὑμῖν εἰ δοθήσεται truly, I tell you, it will not be given Mk 8:12 (NColeman, JTS 28, 1927, 159–67 interprets this as strongly positive; against him FBurkitt, ibid. 274–76). εἰ εἰσελεύσονται they shall certainly not enter Hb 3:11; 4:3, 5 (all 3 Ps 94:11); B-D-F §372, 4; 454, 5; Mlt-H. 468f; Rob. 94; 1024.
    ⑤ marker of direct and indirect questions (without particle following)
    ⓐ (not in earlier Gk., B-D-F §440, 3; Rob. 916) w. direct questions (Gen 17:17; 44:19; Am 3:3–6; 6:12; TestAbr A 15 p.96, 8 [Stone p. 40]; 18 p. 100, 13 [St. p. 48]): εἰ ἔξεστιν; is it permitted, may one? Mt 12:10; 19:3 (cp. Mk 10:2); Lk 14:3 v.l.; Ac 21:37; 22:25. εἰ ὀλίγοι οἱ σωζόμενοι; are there only a few who will be saved? Lk 13:23; cp. Mk 8:23; Lk 22:49; Ac 1:6; 7:1; 19:2a. Cp. 6aβ.
    ⓑ freq. in indir. questions whether (Hom. et al.)
    α. w. pres. indic. (Gen 27:21; 42:16; TestJob 31:1; Jos., Ant. 10, 259; 16, 225; Ar 8, 1; Just., A I, 2, 2; A II, 2, 10) εἴπῃς εἰ σὺ εἶ ὁ Χριστός whether you are the Christ Mt 26:63. εἰ ἁμαρτωλός ἐστιν whether he is a sinner J 9:25; εἰ πνεῦμα ἅγιον ἔστιν whether there is a holy spirit Ac 19:2b (s. 2 above). ἴδωμεν εἰ ἔρχεται Mt 27:49; Mk 15:36 (Lucian, Dial. Mort. 20, 3 φέρʼ ἴδω εἰ=let me see whether, Merc. Cond. 6); cp. Mk 10:2; Lk 14:31; 1 Cor 3:12; 2 Cor 13:5; 1J 4:1.—W. the fut. indic. (4 Km 1:2; Job 5:1) εἰ θεραπεύσει αὐτόν whether he would heal him Mk 3:2 (v.l. θεραπεύει); Lk 6:7 v.l.; εἰ σώσεις whether you will save 1 Cor 7:16.—W. the aor. indic. (Esth 4:14; w. plpf. Just., D. 56, 2) εἰ πάλαι ἀπέθανεν whether he had already died Mk 15:44b; εἰ ἐβάπτισα 1 Cor 1:16.
    β. w. subj. διώκω εἰ καταλάβω I press on (to see) whether I can capture Phil 3:12 (B-D-F §368; 375; Rob. 1017).
    γ. w. opt. (X., An. 1, 8, 15; 2, 1, 15; 4 Macc 9:27; 11:13) ἀνακρίνοντες … εἰ ἔχοι ταῦτα examining … to see whether this was really so Ac 17:11. εἰ βούλοιτο πορεύεσθαι 25:20; cp. 17:27.
    ⑥ In combination w. other particles, w. the other particles foll.
    ⓐ εἰ ἄρα
    α. expressing possibility if, indeed; if, in fact; whether (perhaps) (X., An. 3, 2, 22; SIG 834, 12; Gen 18:3; s. B-D-F §454, 2) 1 Cor 15:15 (εἴπερ ἄρα); Hv 3, 4, 3; 3, 7, 5; Hs 6, 4, 1; 8, 3, 3; 9, 5, 7; AcPt Ox 849, 6.
    β. introducing a direct question εἰ ἄρα ταῦτα οὕτως ἔχει; is it (really) so? Ac 7:1 v.l.; indirect qu. on the chance that (PPetr II, 13 [19] 9 ‘should you find it impossible’; Num 22:11) Mk 11:13; Ac 5:8 D; 8:22; in the hope that 17:27 (εἰ ἄρα γε); AcPt Ox 849, 2; 22. Cp. εἰ δέ … ; What if …? Ac 23:9.
    ⓑ εἴ γε if indeed, inasmuch as (Kühner-G. II 177c) Eph 3:2; 4:21; Col 1:23. τοσαῦτα ἐπάθετε εἰκῇ; εἴ γε καὶ εἰκῇ have you experienced so many things in vain? If it really was in vain Gal 3:4. εἴ γε καὶ ἐκδυσάμενοι οὐ γυμνοὶ εὑρεθησόμεθα assuming, of course, that having put it off we shall not be found naked 2 Cor 5:3. [εἴ γ]ε οὕτως ὡς [ἔστιν καὶ παρελάβετε τὸν λόγον] AcPl BMM recto, 31f (restoration based on duplicate Ox 1602 verso, 37f and AcPl Ha 8, 24f, which has a slightly difft. text after εἴ γε [s. also the text of Ghent 62, 17 in HSanders, HTR 31, ’38, 79, n. 2]). S. γέ bα.
    ⓒ εἰ δὲ καί (Just., D. 110, 1) but if, and if Lk 11:18; 1 Cor 4:7; and even if 2 Cor 4:3 (but s. Lietzmann, Hdb.); 11:6. If, on the other hand, … then AcPlCor 2:28 (εἰ … δέ … καί … μή).
    ⓓ εἰ δὲ μή (γε) if not, otherwise
    α. after affirmat. clauses, w. the aor. ind, and ἄν in the apodosis J 14:2; or pres. ind. (Demosth., Prooem. 29, 3) and fut. (Gen 30:1; Bel 29 Theod.; PLond 1912, 98) Rv 2:5, 16; or pres. impv. J 14:11.—εἰ δὲ μή γε (μήγε some edd.) otherwise (Pla. et al.; Epict. 3, 22, 27; Jos., Bell. 6, 120, Ant. 17, 113; Just., D. 105, 6; IGR IV, 833; POxy 1159, 6; Mitt-Wilck. I/2, 167, 25; PGM 4, 2629; Da 3:15; Bel 8; TestSol 13:3 P): εἰ δὲ μή γε (sc. προσέχετε), μισθὸν οὐκ ἔχετε otherwise you have no reward Mt 6:1; cp. Lk 10:6. Elliptically: κἂν μὲν ποιήσῃ καρπὸν εἰς τὸ μέλλον• εἰ δὲ μή γε, ἐκκόψεις αὐτήν who knows, it may bear fruit next year; if not, fine, then cut it down (= have it cut down) 13:9.
    β. after negat. clauses, otherwise (X., An. 7, 1, 8; Diod S 3, 47, 4; Dio Chrys. 10 [11], 100; LBW 1651 μὴ ἀδικεῖν…, εἰ δὲ μή; UPZ 196 I, 33 [119 B.C.]; Job 32:22) Mk 2:21f.—After a negative statement: οὐδὲ βάλλουσιν οἶνον νέον εἰς ἀσκοὺς παλαιούς. εἰ δὲ μή γε, ῥήγνυνται people do not pour new wine into old skins; otherwise they burst Mt 9:17; cp. Lk 5:36. μή τίς με δόξῃ ἄφρονα εἶναι• εἰ δὲ μή γε, κἂν ὡς ἄφρονα δέχασθέ με no one is to consider me foolish; otherwise at least accept me as a fool 2 Cor 11:16.
    ⓔ εἰ καί even if, even though, although Lk 11:8; 18:4; 1 Cor 7:21; 2 Cor 4:16; 7:8; 12:11; Phil 2:17; Col 2:5; Hb 6:9; AcPlCor 2:32.
    ⓕ εἰ μὲν γάρ for if Ac 25:11 v.l. (for εἰ μὲν οὖν); 2 Cor 11:4; Hb 8:4 v.l. (for εἰ μὲν οὖν).
    ⓖ εἰ μὲν οὖν if, then Hb 7:11. W. εἰ δέ foll. (X., Cyr. 8, 7, 22; Ael. Aristid. 28, 156 K.=49 p. 542 D.) Ac 19:38.
    ⓗ εἰ μέντοι if, on the other hand Js 2:8.
    ⓘ εἰ μή (=πλήν) but 1 Cor 7:17 (= in general) (B-D-F §376).—After negatives
    α. except, if not, mostly without a verb depending on εἰ μή (X., An. 2, 1, 12; JosAs 12:11; Just., A I, 29, 1) Mt 11:27; 12:24; 16:4; J 3:13; Ro 7:7; Gal 1:19 (HKoch, Z. Jakobusfrage Gal 1:19: ZNW 33, ’34, 204–9); but also with a verb (Jos., Ant. 8, 316) Mt 5:13; Mk 6:5; Ac 21:25 v.l.
    β. but (OGI 201, 20f οὐκ ἀφῶ αὐτοὺς καθεσθῆναι εἰς τὴν σκιάν, εἰ μὴ ὑπὸ ἡλίου ἔξω; in note 33 the ed. gives exx. fr. Aristoph. for this use) without a verb Mt 12:4; w. a verb (Theod. Prodr. 7, 426 H.) Gal 1:7, s. ἄλλος 2b. For ἐκτὸς εἰ μή s. ἐκτός 3a.
    ⓙ εἰ μήτι unless indeed, unless perhaps (Ael. Aristid. 46 p. 198 D.; Jos., Ant. 4, 280; Tat. 10, 2) Lk 9:13; 2 Cor 13:5; w. ἄν (Ps.-Clem., Hom. 16, 4) 1 Cor 7:5 (s. Dssm., NB 32, 1 [BS 204 n.]; B-D-F §376; Mlt. 169; 239; Reinhold 35; JTrunk, De Basilio Magno sermonis Attic. imitatore 1911, 56; JWackernagel, Antike Anredeformen 1912, 27f).
    ⓚ εἰ οὖν if, therefore Mt 6:23; Lk 11:36; 12:26; J 13:14; 18:8; Col 3:1; Phlm 17.
    ⓛ εἴπερ if indeed, if after all, since (X., An. 1, 7, 9; Menand., Epitr. 907 S. [587 Kö.]; PHal 7, 6; UPZ 59, 29 [168 B.C.]; Jdth 6:9; TestJob 3:6; Just., Tat., Ath.) Ro 3:30 (ἐπείπερ v.l.); 8:9, 17; 2 Th 1:6.—if indeed, provided that εἴπερ ἄρα (ἄρα 1a) 1 Cor 15:15. καὶ γὰρ εἴπερ for even if (cp. Od. 1, 167; B-D-F §454, 2) 1 Cor 8:5; on 2 Cor 5:3 s. εἴ γε καί 6b above. Doubtful IEph 6:2; s. ἤ 2aβ.
    ⓜ if perchance, if haply εἰ δέ που … τις ἔλθοι if perchance … anyone came Papias (2:4).
    ⓝ εἴ πως (the spelling εἴπως is also correct; B-D-F §12) if perhaps, if somehow
    α. w. opt. (X., An. 2, 5, 2; 4, 1, 21; POxy 939, 15) εἴ πως δύναιντο παραχειμάσαι in the hope that they could spend the winter Ac 27:12.
    β. w. fut. indic. (3 Km 21:31; 4 Km 19:4; Jer 28:8; TestJos 6:6) εἴ πως εὐοδωθήσομαι whether, perhaps, I shall succeed Ro 1:10; cp. 11:14; Phil 3:11.
    ⓞ εἴτε … εἴτε (Soph. et al.; ins since 416 B.C. [Meisterhans3-Schw.]; pap [Mayser II/3, 159]; LXX; JosAs 5:9; ApcrEzk [Epiph 70, 11]; Jos., Ant. 16, 33 and 37; Just., Ath. B-D-F §446; 454, 3; Rob. ind.) if … (or) if, whether … or
    α. w. a verb in pres. indic. (Herm. Wr. 12, 22 thrice) 1 Cor 12:26; 2 Cor 1:6; or pres. subj. 1 Th 5:10.
    β. w. no verb (Just., D. 86, 3 al.) Ro 12:6–8; 1 Cor 3:22; 8:5; 2 Cor 5:10 al. εἴτε only once 1 Cor 14:27. εἴτε ἄρσενα εἴτε θήλειαν (ἤτε … ἤτε pap) GJs 4:1.
    ⑦ Used w. the indef. pron.: εἴ τις, εἴ τι everyone who or whoever; everything that or whatever Mt 16:24; 18:28; Mk 4:23; 9:35; Lk 9:23; 14:26; 1 Ti 3:1, 5; 5:4, 8, 16 al. Cp. 1 Cor 12:31 v.l. (ADebrunner, ConNeot XI, ’47, 37). W. subj. εἴ τις θελήσῃ Rv 11:5 s. 1b, above.—DELG. M-M.
    2
    εἰ μήν, more correctly εἶ μήν (B-D-F §24; Rob. 1150) for the older ἦ μήν (Hom. et al. [s. Denniston 350f], but found also Jos., Ant. 13, 76; 17, 42), in Hellenistic-Roman times (SIG 993, 20 [III B.C.]; 736, 27 [92 B.C.]; IG IV, 840, 15 [EHermann, Gr. Forschungen I 1912, 312]; pap since 112 B.C. [Mayser 78]; LXX e.g. Ezk 33:27; 34:8 al.; Num 14:28; Jdth 1:12; Bar 2:29 [Thackeray 83]) formula used in oaths surely, certainly Hb 6:14 (Gen 22:17).—Dssm., NB 33ff (BS 205ff).—M-M.

    Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά παλαιοχριστιανική Λογοτεχνία > εἰ

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