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61 practise
1.practice ['præktɪs] verbo transitivo1) (work at) provare [song, speech]; esercitarsi in [ Italian]; esercitare [movement, shot]; perfezionare [ technique]; fare le prove per [ play]3) (follow a profession) praticare, esercitare4) (observe) osservare, praticare [custom, religion]2.1) (train) (at piano, violin) esercitarsi; (for sports) allenarsi; (for play, concert) provare2) (follow a profession) esercitare una professioneto practise as — fare il [doctor, lawyer]
••* * *['præktis]1) (to do exercises to improve one's performance in a particular skill etc: She practises the piano every day; You must practise more if you want to enter the competition.) esercitarsi a2) (to make (something) a habit: to practise self-control.) mettere in pratica, seguire3) (to do or follow (a profession, usually medicine or law): He practises (law) in London.) esercitare•* * *1.practice ['præktɪs] verbo transitivo1) (work at) provare [song, speech]; esercitarsi in [ Italian]; esercitare [movement, shot]; perfezionare [ technique]; fare le prove per [ play]3) (follow a profession) praticare, esercitare4) (observe) osservare, praticare [custom, religion]2.1) (train) (at piano, violin) esercitarsi; (for sports) allenarsi; (for play, concert) provare2) (follow a profession) esercitare una professioneto practise as — fare il [doctor, lawyer]
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62 baseball terms
•• Правила бейсбола, который называют Great American Pastime, а также цель и секрет привлекательности этой игры для американцев невозможно объяснить человеку, не «пропитавшемуся» ею с детства. Говорят, что бейсбол имеет сходство с русской лаптой, ныне забытой. The sport itself is such a thicket of technicality that no one has ever devised a satisfactory one-sentence definition of it without using technical terms (Reader’s Digest). Нас здесь интересует другое – термины и связанные с этой игрой выражения, укоренившиеся в обиходном языке и политической лексике. Некоторые из них отсутствуют даже в весьма полных словарях.
•• ballpark – бейсбольное поле, стадион;
•• ballpark figure – ориентировочная цифра, примерное количество;
•• base – «база», «место» (перевод условный);
•• to get to first base – достичь первой цели, добиться начального успеха;
•• the bases are loaded – напряжение близится к пику;
•• off-base: to catch someone off base – застать кого-либо врасплох;
•• bat – бита;
•• to go to bat for someone – помогать кому-либо с энтузиазмом, самоотверженно;
•• right off the bat – сразу; экспромтом;
•• batting average – средний показатель, уровень достижений;
•• bush league = minor league;
•• hard ball – см. softball;
•• home run, homer – «полный пробег трех баз» (перевод условный). В переносном смысле употребляется в примерном значении точное попадание, крупный успех. He hit a home run – говорят в ситуациях, когда у нас сказали бы забил гол;
•• major leagues, the majors – высшие профессиональные лиги (в США их две); to make the majors – быть принятым в команду высшей лиги, достичь в чем-то высшего уровня;
•• minor leagues, the minors – профессиональные лиги менее высокого уровня (в переносном смысле употребляется с оттенком снисходительности, например, minor league player – человек, не добившийся особых успехов);
•• out in left field – часто употребляется в переносном смысле. He is out in left field. – Он ничего в этом не понимает, это не его ума дело. His suggestion was out in left field. – Его предложение было неуместным;
•• softball – облегченный вариант бейсбола (обычно в него играют дети и пожилые люди). Правила почти те же, но мяч мягче и бросают его не резким движением, а снизу по овальной траектории. В переносном смысле: throw a softball – задать нетрудный вопрос, «подыграть». Соответственно, to play hardball означает играть без послаблений, жестко;
•• strike – самое трудное для несведущих понятие в бейсболе. Означает по существу непопадание, пропущенный отбивающим удар. Соответственно, to strike out означает выбыть из игры, пропустив три удара. В США сейчас активно обсуждается концепция «автоматического наказания» three strikes and you’re out: рецидивист, трижды совершивший какое-либо правонарушение, осуждается «по максимуму», предусмотренному за это преступление, без права на условно-досрочное освобождение ( parole);
•• World Series, world champion – в бейсбол играют не только в США, но и в Японии, Канаде, на Кубе, в некоторых других странах. Однако никаких «чемпионатов мира» не проводится, даже международные встречи – большая редкость. Поэтому к тому факту, что серия игр между чемпионами двух высших профессиональных лиг США в конце бейсбольного сезона называется World Series, а ее победитель – world champions, можно относиться с долей иронии (или резко критически – это уже зависит от вашего общего отношения к Америке и американцам).
•• * Число фразеологизмов, пришедших в американскую речь из бейсбола, гораздо больше, чем подборка, приведенная в «Моем несистематическом словаре». Языковая мода выносит некоторые из них на авансцену, что произошло в последние годы с выражением to step up to the plate, отсутствующим в переводных словарях (не нашел я его и в онлайновых толковых). Я не очень разбираюсь в бейсболе, но подозреваю, что выражение именно оттуда ( plate в бейсболе – base consisting of a rubber slab where the batter stands). Можно предположить, что значение – выйти на исходную, или ударную, позицию. Но чаще всего этот фразеологизм употребляется в переносном значении, характерный пример которого – в следующем призыве к молодежи:
•• We live in tense, dangerous times since terrorism has struck inside the United States, killing almost 3,000 of our citizens and severely damaging our economy. It’s easy to feel like a helpless victim or to allow senseless panic to take over, but there is something you can and must do. More than ever, our country, in order to rebuild itself, needs you to step up to the plate and be a person of integrity. (Newsday)
•• Очевидно, что смысл здесь (как и в других случаях) – брать на себя ответственность или просто действовать.
•• То ли под влиянием этого выражения, то ли самостоятельно, но и глагол to step up очень часто используется в аналогичном значении. В переводных словарях, кстати, среди многих, иногда довольно редких значений (в том числе, например, в БАРСе to step up to the girl – приударить за девушкой), данного значения нет, зато в American Heritage, сводящем все значения к трем, есть два, «на пересечении» которых находится интересующее нас: 2. To come forward: step up and be counted. 3. To improve one’s performance or take on more responsibility, especially at a crucial time.
•• Вот примеры из газет:
•• “The plan was to have Iraqis step up to protect and govern their country and leave it to the Americans to help them with reconstruction,” the senior CPA official said. (Washington Post)
•• Заголовок публицистической статьи в той же газете: The Allies Must Step Up. Содержание статьи не оставляет сомнений, что это призыв к союзникам по НАТО «взять на себя ответственность», т.е. помочь США в Ираке:
•• Alliance leaders <...> should agree to take over the security training and equipping mission immediately, with a country such as Germany <...> perhaps taking the lead.
•• Еще один пример употребления глагола to step up в значении to assume responsibility:
•• Mr. Skelton asked Mr. Wolfowitz whether American forces might be required to remain in Iraq for “a good number of years.” “I think it’s entirely possible,” Mr. Wolfowitz replied. “But what I think is also nearly certain is the more they step up, and they will be doing so more and more each month, the less and less we will have to do.” (New York Times).
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63 üben
vt/i MUS., SPORT etc.: practi|se (Am. -ce); MIL. drill; (schulen) train; Geige etc. üben practi|se (Am. -ce) the violin etc.; fleißig üben practi|se (Am. -ce) hard; ( sich in) Geduld üben exercise (a bit of) patience; du musst dich in Geduld üben auch you’ll just have to be patient; Rache üben take revenge; Kritik, Nachsicht etc.* * *to exercise; to practise; to practice* * *['yːbn]1. vt1) (= praktisch erlernen) Aussprache, Musik, Sport to practise (Brit), to practice (US); (MIL) to drillGeige/Klavier ǘben — to practise (Brit) or practice (US) the violin/piano
2) (= schulen, trainieren) Gedächtnis, Muskeln etc to exerciseSee:→ auch geübt3) (= tun, erkennen lassen) to exerciseGerechtigkeit ǘben (geh) — to be just (gegen to), to show fairness (gegen to)
ǘben — to criticize sth
Geduld ǘben — to be patient
See:2. vrǘben — to practise (Brit) or practice (US) sth
ǘben (geh) — to have patience, to possess one's soul in patience
3. vi(= praktisch lernen) to practise (Brit), to practice (US)* * *1) (to use; to make use of: She was given the opportunity to exercise her skill as a pianist.) exercise2) (to do exercises to improve one's performance in a particular skill etc: She practises the piano every day; You must practise more if you want to enter the competition.) practise* * *[ˈy:bn̩]I. vt▪ etw \üben to practise [or AM -ice] sth▪ etw \üben to practise [or AM -ice] sth3. MUS▪ etw \üben to practise [or AM -ice] [playing] [or [on]] sthich übe 20 Stunden in der Woche Klavier/Flöte I practise [playing] [or [on]] the piano/flute for 20 hours every weekII. vrIII. vi▪ [mit jdm] \üben to practise [or AM -ice] [with sb]* * *1.transitives Verb3) (geh.): (bekunden, tun) exercise <patience, restraint, etc.>; commit < treason>; take <revenge, retaliation>2.Kritik an etwas (Dat.) üben — criticize something
reflexives Verbsich in etwas (Dat.) üben — practise something
* * *Geige etcfleißig üben practise (US -ce) hard;(sich in) Geduld üben exercise (a bit of) patience;du musst dich in Geduld üben auch you’ll just have to be patient;* * *1.transitives Verb3) (geh.): (bekunden, tun) exercise <patience, restraint, etc.>; commit < treason>; take <revenge, retaliation>2.Kritik an etwas (Dat.) üben — criticize something
reflexives Verbsich in etwas (Dat.) üben — practise something
* * *v.to exercise v.to practice (UK) v.to practice (US) v. -
64 practise
'præktis1) (to do exercises to improve one's performance in a particular skill etc: She practises the piano every day; You must practise more if you want to enter the competition.) øve (seg i), trene2) (to make (something) a habit: to practise self-control.) trene seg i, utøve3) (to do or follow (a profession, usually medicine or law): He practises (law) in London.) praktisere•praktisereverb \/ˈpræktɪs\/ eller practice1) trene, øve, øve seg (i\/på), trene på2) praktisere, utføre i praksis, ha for vane3) utøve, begå, utvise, drive med, praktisere4) ( gammeldags) konspirere, intrigerepractise (up)on ( gammeldags) benytte seg av, misbruke, utnytte, spekulere ipractise what one preaches leve som man lærer -
65 relativo
relative (a to)( corrispondente) relevantgrammar pronome, aggettivo, superlativo relative* * *relativo agg.1 relative, related; ( proporzionale) proportional: il rendimento è relativo alla propria capacità di concentrazione, one's performance is proportional to one's ability to concentrate; tutto è relativo a questo mondo, everything is relative in this world // (mat.) numero, errore relativo, relative number, error // (fis.) densità, velocità relativa, relative density, velocity2 ( non totale) relative, comparative: periodo di riposo relativo, period of comparative (o relative) rest; lo disse con relativa gentilezza, he said so with relative kindness; gode di un relativo benessere, he's relatively (o fairly) well-off; il problema economico ha un'importanza relativa, the economic problem is of relative importance3 ( attinente) relevant, pertinent: con le relative prove, with the relevant (o relative) proofs; risposta relativa alla domanda, answer pertinent (o relevant) to the question; quanto dici non è relativo al nostro problema, what you are saying is not relevant to our problem; domanda con relativi documenti, application with relevant documents; denaro relativo alle spese di gestione, money related to operating costs4 ( rispettivo) respective: questa è la nota dei libri e dei relativi autori, this is the list of the books and of their respective authors; i ministri erano accompagnati dalle relative consorti, the ministers were accompanied by their respective wives6 (mus.) relative.* * *[rela'tivo]1) (attinente)relativo a qcs. — relating to sth., concerning sth
2) (rispettivo) respective3) (non assoluto) relative4) fis. mat. ling. relative* * *relativo/rela'tivo/1 (attinente) relativo a qcs. relating to sth., concerning sth.2 (rispettivo) respective; le mie amiche e i -i mariti my friends and their husbands3 (non assoluto) relative; tutto è relativo it's all relative4 fis. mat. ling. relative. -
66 interpret
in'tə:prit1) (to translate a speaker's words, while he is speaking, into the language of his hearers: He spoke to the audience in French and she interpreted.) interpretar, hacer una interpretación2) (to explain the meaning of: How do you interpret these lines of the poem?) interpretar3) (to show or bring out the meaning of (eg a piece of music) in one's performance of it: The sonata was skilfully interpreted by the pianist.) interpretar•- interpreter
interpret vb hacer de intérprete / traducirthey didn't speak Spanish so I had to interpret for them no hablaban español, así que tuve que hacer de intérpretetr[ɪn'tɜːprət]1 (gen) interpretar; (understand) interpretar, entender1 actuar de intérprete, hacer de intérprete■ could you interpret for us? ¿podrías hacernos de intérprete?interpret [ɪn'tərprət] vt: interpretarv.• descifrar v.• explanar v.• hallar v.• interpretar v.ɪn'tɜːrprət, ɪn'tɜːprɪt
1.
transitive verb interpretar
2.
vi ( Ling) ( translate) traducir* ( oralmente), interpretar; ( work as interpreter) hacer* de or trabajar como intérprete[ɪn'tɜːprɪt]1. VT1) (=translate orally) traducir, interpretar2) (=explain, understand) interpretarhow are we to interpret that remark? — ¿cómo hemos de interpretar ese comentario?
that is not how I interpret it — yo no lo entiendo así, yo lo entiendo de otro modo
2.VI (=translate) traducir; (=work as interpreter) trabajar de intérprete* * *[ɪn'tɜːrprət, ɪn'tɜːprɪt]
1.
transitive verb interpretar
2.
vi ( Ling) ( translate) traducir* ( oralmente), interpretar; ( work as interpreter) hacer* de or trabajar como intérprete -
67 interpretieren
v/t interpret (auch MUS.); (auffassen) auch understand; JUR. construe; interpretieren als interpret s.th. as; etw. als Beleidigung etc. interpretieren take s.th. as an insult etc.* * *to interpret* * *in|ter|pre|tie|ren [ɪntɐpre'tiːrən] ptp interpretiertvtto interpret* * *1) (to explain the meaning of: How do you interpret these lines of the poem?) interpret2) (to show or bring out the meaning of (eg a piece of music) in one's performance of it: The sonata was skilfully interpreted by the pianist.) interpret* * *in·ter·pre·tie·ren *[ɪntɐpreˈti:rən]vt1. LIT, MUS▪ [jdm] etw \interpretieren to interpret sth [for sb]diesen Satz kann man unterschiedlich \interpretieren this sentence can be interpreted in different ways▪ etw irgendwie \interpretieren to interpret sth in a certain wayetw falsch \interpretieren to misconstrue sth▪ etw \interpretieren to interpret sth* * *transitives Verb interpretetwas falsch interpretieren — misinterpret something; interpret something wrongly
* * *interpretieren als interpret sth as;interpretieren take sth as an insult etc* * *transitives Verb interpretetwas falsch interpretieren — misinterpret something; interpret something wrongly
* * *v.to interpret v. -
68 jds. Leistung bewerten
jds. Leistung bewerten
to rate s. one’s performance -
69 seinen Erfolg einem breit gefächerten Produktionsprogramm verdanken
seinen Erfolg einem breit gefächerten Produktionsprogramm verdanken
to owe one’s performance to diversification.Business german-english dictionary > seinen Erfolg einem breit gefächerten Produktionsprogramm verdanken
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70 interpret
in'tə:prit1) (to translate a speaker's words, while he is speaking, into the language of his hearers: He spoke to the audience in French and she interpreted.) tolke2) (to explain the meaning of: How do you interpret these lines of the poem?) (for)tolke, forklare3) (to show or bring out the meaning of (eg a piece of music) in one's performance of it: The sonata was skilfully interpreted by the pianist.) fortolke, framføre•- interpreterfortolke--------tydeverb \/ɪnˈtɜːprɪt\/1) tolke, være tolk, tyde, fortolke2) forklare3) fremføre, gjengi, tolke4) ( overført) tyde, tolke, oppfatte -
71 interpret
[in'tə:prit]1) (to translate a speaker's words, while he is speaking, into the language of his hearers: He spoke to the audience in French and she interpreted.) túlka2) (to explain the meaning of: How do you interpret these lines of the poem?) túlka, útskÿra3) (to show or bring out the meaning of (eg a piece of music) in one's performance of it: The sonata was skilfully interpreted by the pianist.) túlka•- interpreter -
72 practise
['præktis]1) (to do exercises to improve one's performance in a particular skill etc: She practises the piano every day; You must practise more if you want to enter the competition.) æfa (sig)2) (to make (something) a habit: to practise self-control.) sÿna í verki, ástunda3) (to do or follow (a profession, usually medicine or law): He practises (law) in London.) stunda• -
73 interpret
értelmez, interpretál, tolmácsol, előad* * *[in'tə:prit]1) (to translate a speaker's words, while he is speaking, into the language of his hearers: He spoke to the audience in French and she interpreted.) tolmácsol2) (to explain the meaning of: How do you interpret these lines of the poem?) értelmez3) (to show or bring out the meaning of (eg a piece of music) in one's performance of it: The sonata was skilfully interpreted by the pianist.) előad•- interpreter -
74 practise
gyakorlat to practise: gyakorlatot folytat, gyakoroltat, szoktat, próbál* * *['præktis]1) (to do exercises to improve one's performance in a particular skill etc: She practises the piano every day; You must practise more if you want to enter the competition.)2) (to make (something) a habit: to practise self-control.)3) (to do or follow (a profession, usually medicine or law): He practises (law) in London.)• -
75 interpret
[in'tə:prit]1) (to translate a speaker's words, while he is speaking, into the language of his hearers: He spoke to the audience in French and she interpreted.) fazer de intérprete2) (to explain the meaning of: How do you interpret these lines of the poem?) interpretar3) (to show or bring out the meaning of (eg a piece of music) in one's performance of it: The sonata was skilfully interpreted by the pianist.) interpretar•- interpreter* * *in.ter.pret[int'ə:prit] vt+vi 1 explicar, aclarar, elucidar. 2 representar, exprimir o pensamento. 3 interpretar, traduzir, ajuizar da intenção. to interpret to the letter interpretar ao pé da letra. -
76 practise
['præktis]1) (to do exercises to improve one's performance in a particular skill etc: She practises the piano every day; You must practise more if you want to enter the competition.) treinar(-se)2) (to make (something) a habit: to practise self-control.) praticar3) (to do or follow (a profession, usually medicine or law): He practises (law) in London.) exercer• -
77 interpret
v. yorumlamak, değerlendirmek, tercüme etmek, çevirmek, canlandırmak, oynamak* * *yorumla* * *[in'tə:prit]1) (to translate a speaker's words, while he is speaking, into the language of his hearers: He spoke to the audience in French and she interpreted.) çevirmek, tercüme etmek2) (to explain the meaning of: How do you interpret these lines of the poem?) yorumlamak3) (to show or bring out the meaning of (eg a piece of music) in one's performance of it: The sonata was skilfully interpreted by the pianist.) yorumlamak; çalmak•- interpreter -
78 practise
v. yapmak, etmek, uygulamak, gerçekleştirmek, pratik yapmak, deneyim kazanmak, çalışmak, alıştırma yapmak, alışkanlık haline getirmek, adet edinmek, dolap çevirmek, entrika çevirmek* * *1. pratik yap (v.) 2. pratik (n.)* * *['præktis]1) (to do exercises to improve one's performance in a particular skill etc: She practises the piano every day; You must practise more if you want to enter the competition.) alıştırma yapmak, çalışmak2) (to make (something) a habit: to practise self-control.) alışkanlık haline getirmek, âdet edinmek3) (to do or follow (a profession, usually medicine or law): He practises (law) in London.) mesleğini icra etmek, doktor/dişçi olarak çalışmak; avukatlık/mimarlık yapmak• -
79 interpret
[in'tə:prit]1) (to translate a speaker's words, while he is speaking, into the language of his hearers: He spoke to the audience in French and she interpreted.) tolmačiti2) (to explain the meaning of: How do you interpret these lines of the poem?) razlagati3) (to show or bring out the meaning of (eg a piece of music) in one's performance of it: The sonata was skilfully interpreted by the pianist.) interpretirati•- interpreter* * *[intɜ:prit]1.transitive verbrazlagati, podajati, tolmačiti, interpretirati, prevesti;2.intransitive verbbiti tolmač, tolmačiti, razlagati si -
80 practise
['præktis]1) (to do exercises to improve one's performance in a particular skill etc: She practises the piano every day; You must practise more if you want to enter the competition.) vaditi2) (to make (something) a habit: to practise self-control.) uriti se3) (to do or follow (a profession, usually medicine or law): He practises (law) in London.) imeti prakso•* * *[praektis]1.transitive verb British Englishvaditi, uriti; opravljati, vršiti, izvrševati, izpolnjevati; varati koga;2.intransitive verbdelati, ravnati; prakticirati, imeti prakso (zdravnik, advokat); vaditi se, uriti se; spletkaritito practise (up)on — izrabiti koga, obrniti sebi v prid, zlorabitipractise what you preach — delaj še sam tako, kot pridigaš drugim
См. также в других словарях:
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