nihil+est+tam

conveniēns, entis, PAdi., nachaug. auch m. Compar. u. Superl. (convenio), zusammentreffend, I) eig., anschließend, passend, bene c. toga, Ov. art. am. 1, 514. – II) übtr., übereinkommend, zusammentreffend, übereintreffend, übereinstimmend, harmonierend, a) = entsprechend, passend, angemessen, zusagend, schicklich, m. cum u. Abl. od. m. inter se, zB. cum populi vultu c. dies, Ov.: ut quemadmodum in oratione constanti, sic in vita omnia apta sint inter se et convenientia, Cic.: minime inter se convenientes orationes, Liv.: motus inter se c., Lucr. – m. Dat., nihil in hac praeclara epistula scriptum ab Epicuro congruens et c. decretis eius, Cic.: c. hostia rebus suis, Cic.: oratio tempori conveniens, zeitgemäße, Liv.: maiora nec feminae c. negotia, Suet.: probus vultus et c. prudenti viro gestus, Sen.: Compar. (in der Vergleichung, m. Ang. des Verglichenen durch Abl.), quin hāc prudentiā illa imprudentia decori publico fuerit convenientior, Vell.: quid enim his, quae suprarettuli, facto Mucii convenientius? Val. Max. – nihil convenientius ducens quam necem avunculi vindicare, Suet.: u. Superl., disciplina convenientissima viris, Vell.: vox convenientissima conscientiae suae, Vell.: u. neutr. Plur. subst., reddere personae convenientia cuique, Hor.: sibi convenientia finge, Hor. – m. ad od. in u. Akk., nihil est enim tam naturae aptum,

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tam conveniens ad res vel secundas vel adversas, Cic. de amic. 17: ad formam tauri c. sonus, Ov. Ib. 436 (438): forma in illam c. amplitudinem, Vell. 2, 29, 2. – m. in u. Abl., gratulatio c. in ea victoria, Liv. 45, 19, 3. – im Zshg. absol., hunc tam superbum apparatum convenientes sequebantur contemptus hominum omnium, Liv.: oculi convenientes, ansprechende (?), Fronto de oratt. p. 159 N.: u. neutr. Plur. subst., recta et convenientia et constantia natura desiderat, Cic. – convenientius od. convenientissimum est m. folg. Acc. u. Infin., s. Plin. 34, 35; zugl. m. Dat., Plin. ep. 3, 18, 1; 10, 3 (20), 2. Plin. pan. 87, 1. – nihil convenientius ducens, quam m. folg. Infin., Suet. Aug. 10, 1. – b) bene c., gut harmonierend = im guten Vernehmen stehend, uxor bene c., Suet.: bene c. propinqui, Cic.: proximi cognatique optime c., Cic.

1. opus, eris, n. ( altindisch äpaḥ, das Werk), das Werk, I) im engeren Sinne, das Werk = die materielle Arbeit, die Beschäftigung, A) eig.: 1) im allg.: a) leb. Wesen: α) der Menschen, opus ingens, Liv.: opus rusticum, Komik. u. Colum.: opus servile, Liv.: opus militare, Arb. der Soldaten, Suet.: opera fabrilia, Handarbeiten, ICt., bes. Schmiedearbeiten, -geschäfte, Verg.: opus manuum, Ov.: opera nostrarum artium, Cic.: admonitor operum, Ov.: immunes operum, Ov.: famuli operum soluti (von der Arbeit entbundene), Hor.: in opus se collocare (sich verdingen), Plaut.: milites ad opus privatum mittere, ICt.: omnia opera mature conficere, Cato: opus facere, arbeiten, Ter.: opus rusticum od. opus ruri facere, Feldarbeit verrichten, Ter.: differre opus, Ov.: exigere (prüfen) opus, Ov.: favere operi, fleißig arbeiten, Ov.: u. so instare operi, Verg.: istaec opera perficere, Plaut.: in totum diem velut opus ordinare, gleichs. das Tagewerk verteilen, Quint.: opus quaerere (suchen), Cic. u. Liv.: pauper, cui in opere vita erat, der von der A. lebte, Ter.: menses octo continuos his opus non defuit, Cic.: magni operis videbatur m. folg. Infin., es schien ein großes Stück Arbeit zu sein, Curt: in od. ad opus publicum (öffentl. Strafarbeit) damnari od. dari, ICt. – β) der Tiere (vgl. Cic. de off. 2, 11): si mures aliquid corroserint, quorum est opus

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hoc unum, Cic.: bes. v. der Arbeit der Bienen, opus facere, Varro: pro me opus facere, Ps. Quint. decl.: fervet opus, Verg.: iustis operum peractis, Colum.: omnibus (apibus) una quies operum, labor omnibus unus, Verg. – b) lebl. Subjj., die Wirkung, der Effekt, opus meae bis sensit Telephus hastae, Ov. met. 12, 112: e sagittifera prompsit duo tela pharetra diversorum operum, Ov. met. 1, 469: v. Abstr., suum quasi opus efficere, sozusagen ihre W. hervorbringen, Cic. top. 62.

2) prägn.: a) die Arbeit des Landmannes u. der Pflugstiere, die Feldarbeit (vollst. opus rusticum, s. oben), arma operis sui, Ov.: intentus operi diurno, Curt.: opus facere, Ter. (u. so bovem commodare, ut opus faceret, ICt.): facere patrio rure opus, Ov.: opere se exercere, Sen.: alqm in ipso opere deprehendere, Flor. – b) die Praxis des Arztes, opus facere, seine Praxis betreiben, Alfen. dig. 38, 1, 26: manere (erwarten) medicum, dum se ex opere recipiat, bis er von seiner Praxis zurückkommt, Plaut. Men. 883. – c) das Weidwerk des Jägers, Romanis sollemne viris opus, Hor. ep. 1, 18, 49. – d) die Arbeit des Bauhandwerkers od. -meisters, das Bauen, der Bau, muri od. fossa ingentis operis, Curt.: moles novi operis, die neu zu erbauenden Dämme, Curt.: lex operi faciundo, Baukontrakt, Cic.: publicorum operum exactio, Cic.: opus pupillo redimere (für den Mündel

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erstehen), Cic.: interim omnes servi atque liberi opus facerent, sollten beim Bau Hand anlegen, Nep. – e) die Bergwerksarbeit, der Bergbau, in opus metalli od. metallicum damnari od. dari, ICt.: u. so bl. in opus damnari, Plin. ep.: in opus salinarum dari, ICt. – f) als milit. t. t., die Schanzarbeit, labor operis, Caes.: opus castrorum, Lagerarbeit, Lagerbefestigung, Sall.: fessus od. fatigatus operibus proeliisque, Liv.: in opere occupatum esse, Caes.: dies noctesque in opere versari, Caes.: opus facere, schanzen, Caes.: milites opere prohibere, Caes.: milites ab opere deducere, revocare, Caes.: in operibus, in agminibus multus adesse, Sall. – g) die Kriegsarbeit = Kampfesmühe, Kampf, militia et grave Martis opus, Verg. Aen. 8, 516: opus belli, Prop. 3, 11, 70: opera bellica (Kriegshandwerk, Ggstz. civiles artes,) Vell. 2, 97, 2. – h) die Arbeit im Ggstz. zur Natur, natürlichen Lage, die Händearbeit, Menschenhand, Kunst, mons naturā velut opere praeceps, Sall.: locus egregie naturā et opere munitus, Caes.: oppidum magis opere quam naturā munitum, Sall.: nihil est opere aut manu factum, quod non aliquando consumat vetustas, Cic. – i) die Art der Bearbeitung eines Kunstwerkes, die Arbeit, hydria praeclaro opere, Cic.: haec omnia antiquo opere et summo artificio facta, Cic.: quarum (bullarum) iste non opere delectabatur, sed pondere, Cic.: erit exstructa moles opere magnifico, in großar-

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tigem Stile, Cic.: fabricavit Argus opere Palladio ratem, nach Art der Arbeit der Pallas (= künstlich), Phaedr. – k) dezent, das Werk = der Beischlaf, et pudor obscenum diffiteatur opus, Ov. am. 3, 14, 28: cum fit amoris opus, Ps. Ov. her. 15, 46: opere faciundo lassus, Plaut. asin. 873: accedere ad opus, Mart. 7, 18, 5. B) meton.: 1) der Stoff für eine Arbeit, digitis subigebat opus, Ov. met. 6, 20. – 2) das gefertigte Werk, opera magnifica atque praeclara, Cic. ut enim pictores et ii, qui signa fabricantur, et vero etiam poëtae suum quisque opus a vulgo considerari vult, Cic.: gerebat auribus cum maxime singulare et vere unicum naturae opus, Plin.: mirabilia Orientis opera, Wunderwerke, Curt.: u. so septem opera esse in orbe terrae miranda, Gell. – So nun prägn., a) das Werk = das Bauwerk, der Bau, das Gebäude, Plur. die Bauten, curator operum, ICt.: opus publicum, ICt.: opera publica, Liv. u. ICt.: urbana, Liv.: opus balinei, ein Badehaus, Plin. ep.: opus exornare tuā statuā, Plin. ep.: reficere exstruereque opera, Suet. – b) als milit. t. t., militaria opera, milit. Werke (Bauten), Curt. 9, 8 (32), 14; insbes. α) das Schanzwerk, das Befestigungswerk, Verteidigungswerk, opus castrorum, Lagerbefestigung, Caes.: opus hibernorum, Winterlagerbefestigung, Caes.: emporium opere magno munitum, Liv.: fundas libriles sudesque in opere disponere, Caes. – Plur., Werke =

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Schanzwerke, Befestigungswerke, Schanzen, Befestigungslinie, magnitudo operum, Hirt. b. G.: castra magnis operibus communita, Sall. fr.: castra od. tumulum magnis operibus munire, Caes. – β) Belagerungswerk, opera munitionesque, Cic. u. Liv.: magnitudo operis, Caes.: urbem operibus circumdare, claudere, Vell. u. Nep.: Mutinam operibus munitionibusque saepire, Cic.: urbem ingentibus operibus saepire, Liv. – γ) Belagerungswerkzeug, -maschine, urbem vineis aliisque operibus oppugnare, Liv.: operibus urbem expugnare, Liv. – δ) das Werk = der Damm, summi operis fastigium, Curt.: opus accipere (in den Boden aufnehmen), Curt.: opus iacĕre (aufwerfen), Curt.: flumen operibus obstruere, Caes. – c) ein Werk der Kunst (Bildhauerei, Malerei, Weberei usw.), ein Kunstwerk, Silanionis opus tam perfectum, tam elegans, v. einer Statue, Cic. (u. so singularis talium operum auctor, Vell.): opus admirabile, Cic.: opus caelatum, Auct. b. Hisp.: pocula faginea, caelatum divini opus Alcimedontis, Verg.: totum Numidae sculptile dentis opus, Ov.: op. marmoreum, Marmorbild, Ov.: op. Mentoreum, ein von Mentor verfertigter metallener Becher mit Reliefs, Prop.: opus plumarium, Vulg.: ut reconcinnetur (palla) atque ut opera (Stickereien) addantur quae volo, Plaut.: hanc vestem, quā indutus sum, sororum non donum solum, sed etiam opus vides, Curt.: materiam supera-

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bat opus, Ov. – d) ein Werk der Architektur, opus albarium, tectorium, musivum, s. albarius usw. – e) ein Werk der Backkunst, opus pistorium, Backwerk, Cels. u. Plin. – u. ein Werk der Kochkunst, ein Gericht, opus spumeum, Anthim. 34 u. 40: fit etiam de hordeo opus bonum, Anthim. 64. – f) ein Werk, Erzeugnis der Biene, cerea opera sua, Colum. 9, 7, 3: ceris opus (= den Honig) infundite, Phaedr. 3, 13, 9. – g) eine Arbeit, ein Werk der Literatur, tantum opus, Liv.: caelatum novem Musis opus, Hor.: in utriusque operis sui ingressu, Quint.: opus habeo in manibus, Cic.: pangis aliquid Sophocleum? fac opus appareat (daß man etwas von dem W. zu sehen bekommt), Cic.: nullum opus otii exstat, Cic.: sane texebatur opus luculente, so war das Werk gewiß recht schön angelegt, Cic.: id quoque adiungere operi, Quint.: opere ipso (Geschichtswerk) coniungere alqd, Curt.: opus exigere, das W. (die Dichtung) zu Ende führen, Ov. – dah. ein Hand- u. Lehrbuch, opus geographicum, der Geographie, Mart. Cap. 6. § 609. – h) die Gattung, das Fach der Darstellung in Kunst u. Literatur; in der Kunst, Vell. 1, 16, 2; 1, 17, 4; in der Literatur, Hor. sat. 2, 1, 2. Quint. 10, 1, 31; 10, 1, 67 u. 69.

II) im weiteren Sinne, a) die Arbeit = Aufgabe, Obliegenheit, Leistung, Verrichtung, Handlung, der Dienst, viri docti, Plaut.: oratorium, Aufgabe,

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Verrichtung des Redners (zB. reden, Zeugen abfragen usw.), Cic.: censorium, Geschäft des Zensors (Erteilen einer Rüge), Cic.: opus πολιτικόν, eine Handlung, ein Dienst zum Besten des Staates, Cic.: periculosae plenum opus aleae, Hor.: operum hoc tuorum est, das wäre eine von deinen Aufgaben (ein Stück Arbeit für dich), Hor.: Amynander quod sui maxime operis erat, impigre agebat, was ihm vornehmlich oblag, Liv.: u. so sui maxime operis esse credens m. folg. Acc. u. Infin., Liv.: sunt quibus unum opus est (die es sich zur einzigen Aufgabe gemacht haben) m. folg. Infin., Hor.: aggredi ad pacis maximum opus, Liv.: certatim ad hoc opus (dem Mord des Tyrannen) curretur, Cic.: nobis nostrum intueri opus sat est, unsere Aufgabe im Auge zu behalten, Quint. – b) das Werk = das Unternehmen, die Tat, opus egregium, Curt.: mirabile, Curt.: virtutis opus, Verg. u. Curt.: magnum opus conari, Caes. fr.: gloria plus habet nominis quam operis, beruht mehr auf dem N. als auf Taten, Curt.: neve operis famam posset delere vetustas, Ov. – Plur., opera magna, Curt., maiora, Ov.: bellica, Curt.: alqm operibus anteire, Caes.: his immortalibus editis operibus, Liv.: Aeneae etiam ultimum mortalium operum fuit, Liv. – im christl. Sinne, Plur. opera = die guten Werke (καλὰ εργα), Cypr. epist. 18, 2. Ambros. de off. 1, 31, 163. Lact. 3, 9, 15. Vulg. Matth. 5, 16. – c) Plur.

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opera, polit. Werke = Schöpfungen, Einrichtungen, commendans illi sua atque ipsius opera, Vell. 2, 123, 2: primum principalium eius operum erat ordinatio comitiorum, Vell. 2, 124, 3. – d) die wissenschaftl. Materie, Wissenschaft, is libros de iure civili plurimos et qui omnem partem operis fundarent (vollständig behandelten) reliquit, Pompon. dig. 1, 2, 2. § 44: Tubero doctissimus quidem habitus est iuris publici et privati et complures utriusque operis libros reliquit, ibid. § 46. – e) die Mühe, Bemühung, magno opere, maximo opere, s. magnopere: maiore opere, Cato fr.: non minimo opere, Licin. fr.: summo opere, Lucr. (vgl. summopere): quanto opere, s. quantopere: quantillo opere, wie leicht, Plaut.: tanto opere, s. tantopere: ebenso opere tanto, Plaut.: nimio opere, gar sehr, Cic. (s. Haupt opusc. 2, 457).

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2. opus, n. indecl., das Werk = die nötige Sache, das Bedürfnis, nur in den Verbindungen: I) opus est = es ist nötig, -notwendig, -vonnöten, mit Dat. pers., mit Angabe der nötigen Sache, α) im Nom.: dux nobis et auctor opus est, Cic.: opus sunt boves, Varro: nobis exempla opus sunt, Cic.: sponsae aurum, vestem, ancillas opus esse, Ter.: deciens nummos mihi opus esse, Cic.: si quid ipsi Caesare opus esset, wenn er etwas von C. bedürfte, Caes.: in eam rem fidem suam, si quid opus esse putaret (nötigenfalls), interponeret, Cic.: illud te rogo, sumptu ne parcas ulla in re, quod ad valetudinem opus sit, Cic.: quaecumque ad proximi diei oppugnationem opus sunt, noctu comparantur, Caes.: quorsum est opus? Hor.: quae curando vulneri opus sunt, Liv. – β) im Abl.: sive forte opus sit cuneo aut globo, Cato fr.: silentio opus est, Afran. fr.: auctoritate tuā nobis opus est, Cic.: expedito homine opus est, Cic.: tacito cum opus est, clamas, Cornif. rhet.: quid verbis opus est? was bedarf es noch der Worte? (bei Abbrechung einer weiteren Erörterung), Plaut.: in cuius laudes exsequendas Cicerone laudatore opus fuerit, Liv. epit. – u. so immer mit Abl. des Partic. Perf. Pass.: non opus est recitato, Cato fr.: rescripto nihil opus est, Antwort ist nicht nötig, Fronto: quid opus sit facto? Nep.: facto, non consulto in tali periculo opus

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esse, Sall.: cur properato opus esset, Cic.: opus est puellā servatā, Ov.: sibi opus esse domino eius convento, Liv. – γ) selten im Genet.: quanti argenti opus fuit, Liv.: ad consilium pensandum temporis opus esse, Liv.: magni nunc erit oris opus, Prop.: sive illi laterum seu fuit artis opus, Priap. – δ) im Acc.: puero opus est cibum, Plaut.: opus est calcis modium unum, Cato. Vgl. über no. α bis δ Diom. 316, 27 sqq. – ε) im 2. Supin.: sed ita dictu opus est, Ter.: quod scitu opus est, Cic. – ζ) im Infin. od. Acc. u. Infin.: quid tibi opus vixisse, Plaut.: quid opus est affirmare? Cic.: opus sit nihil deesse amicis, Cic.: quid opus est caveri lege ne puniatur infans, si pulsaverit patrem? Sen. rhet.: non opus est nunc intro te ire, Plaut.: m. Nom. u. Infin., tu, quae istic opus erunt administrari, prospicies, Brut. in Cic. ep. 11, 11, 2. – η) m. ut od. ne u. Konj.: mihi opus est, ut lavem, Plaut.: tibi opus est, aegram ut te assimules, Plaut.: ad hoc efficiendum intellegebant opus esse, non ut etc.... nec ut etc.... sed ut etc., Tac. dial. 31 in.: reus, cui opus esset ne reus videretur, Plin. ep. 7, 6, 3. – θ) m. bl. Coniunctiv: seu sit opus quadratum acies consistat in agmen, Tibull. 4, 1, 101: quamquam non est opus affingas aliquid aut adstruas, Plin. ep. 9, 33, 11: quam (avaritiam tuam) refrenes aliquantulum opus est, Augustin. ep. 12: opus est multum vestiariis, quia frigus pati non potes, Augustin. serm. 38, 25. – ι) absol.: sic opus

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est, Ov. met. 1, 279. – II) opus habere alqā re, etwas nötig haben, Colum. 9, 1, 5. Itala 1. Thess. 5, 1 (bei Ambros. de fid. 5, 17, 213) u.a. Eccl.: vgl. jedoch Diom. 316, 33 nos non dicimus ›opus habeo, opus habebam‹, sed ›opus est mihi, opus erat mihi‹.

sīc (old form sīce, Plaut. Rud. 2, 4, 12; also seic, C. I. L. 818), adv. [for si - ce; si, locat. form of pron. stem sa- = Gr. ho, ha, or hê, and demonstr. -ce; v. Corss. Ausspr. 1, 777], so, thus, in this or that manner, in such a manner, in the same way or manner, in like manner, likewise, to this or that extent or degree, to such a degree, in this or that state or condition, in such a condition (syn. ita); sic refers, I. To a previous fact, description, or assumption.—II. To a subsequent independent sentence, = thus, as follows. —III. As a local demonstrative (deiktikôs), referring to something done or pointed out by the speaker, = thus, as I do it; thus, as you see, etc.—IV. As a correlative, preceding or following clauses introduced by conjunctions. —V. In certain idiomatic connections.

Referring to something said before, = hoc modo: sic ille annus duo firmamenta rei publicae evertit, so, i. e. in the manner mentioned, Cic. Att. 1, 18, 3:

sic et nata et progressa eloquentia videtur,

id. Inv. 1, 2, 3:

facinus indignum Sic circumiri,

Ter. Phorm. 4, 3, 9:

sic deinceps omne opus contexitur,

Caes. B. G. 7, 23:

arare mavelim quam sic amare,

Plaut. Merc. 2, 3, 21:

sic se res habet,

Cic. Brut. 18, 71:

sic regii constiterant,

Liv. 42, 58:

sic res Romana in antiquum statum rediit,

id. 3, 9, 1:

sic ad Alpes perventum est,

Tac. H. 1, 84; cf. Enn. Ann. 1, 104; Plaut. Ep. 3, 4, 88; Ter. Ad. 5, 2, 11; Cic. Inv. 1, 46, 86; 2, 32, 100; id. de Or. 1, 32, 146; 2, 49, 201; 3, 29, 117; id. Brut. 40, 149; id. Rep. 2, 14, 27; 2, 20, 35; id. Lael. 9, 32; Liv. 4, 11, 5; 6, 17, 1; Caes. B. G. 3, 19; 6, 30; 7, 62.—Often sic does not qualify the main predicate, but a participle or adjective referring to it:

sic igitur instructus veniat ad causas,

Cic. Or. 34, 121:

cum sic affectos dimisisset,

Liv. 21, 43, 1:

sic omnibus copiis fusis se in castra recipiunt,

Caes. B. G. 3, 6:

sic milites consolatus eodem die reducit in castra,

id. ib. 7, 19; cf. id. ib. 7, 62; Ov. M. 1, 32.—

In a parenthet. clause (= ita):

quae, ut sic dicam, ad corpus pertinent civitatis,

so to speak, Cic. Inv. 2, 56, 168:

commentabar declamitans—sic enim nunc loquuntur,

id. Brut. 90, 310; cf. id. Att. 12, 39, 2; id. Lael. 11, 39; Liv. 7, 31; Ov. M. 4, 660; 13, 597; 13, 866.—

Referring not to the predicate, but to some intermediate term understood (= ita; cf.

Engl. so): sic provolant duo Fabii (= sic loquentes),

Liv. 2, 46, 7:

sic enim nostrae rationes postulabant (sic = ut sic agerem),

Cic. Att. 4, 2, 6:

tibi enim ipsi sic video placere (sic = sic faciendo),

id. ib. 4, 6, 2:

sic enim concedis mihi proximis litteris (= ut sic agam),

id. ib. 5, 20, 1:

sic enim statuerat (= hoc faciendum esse),

id. Phil. 5, 7, 208:

Quid igitur? Non sic oportet? Equidem censeo sic (sic = hoc fieri),

id. Fam. 16, 18, 1:

sic soleo (i. e. bona consilia reddere),

Ter. Ad. 5, 7, 25:

sic soleo amicos (i. e. beare),

id. Eun. 2, 2, 48:

sic memini tamen (= hoc ita esse),

Plaut. Mil. 1, 1, 48:

haec sic audivi (= ita esse),

id. Ep. 3, 1, 79:

sic prorsus existimo (= hoc ita esse),

Cic. Brut. 33, 125:

quoniam sic cogitis ipsi (= hoc facere),

Ov. M. 5, 178.—

As completing object, = hoc:

iis litteris respondebo: sic enim postulas (= hoc postulas),

Cic. Att. 6, 1, 1:

hic adsiste. Sic volo (= hoc volo, or hoc te facere volo),

Ter. Ad. 2, 1, 15:

sic fata jubent (= hoc jubent, or hoc facere jubent),

Ov. M. 15, 584:

hic apud nos hodie cenes. Sic face,

Plaut. Most. 5, 2, 8:

sic faciendum est,

Cic. Att. 4, 6, 2.—

Predicatively with esse (appellari, videri, etc.), in the sense of talis:

sic vita hominum est (= talis),

Cic. Rosc. Am. 30, 84:

vir acerrimo ingenio—sic enim fuit,

id. Or. 5, 18:

familiaris noster—sic est enim,

id. Att. 1, 18, 6:

sic est vulgus,

id. Rosc. Com. 10, 20:

sic, Crito, est hic,

Ter. And. 5, 4, 16: sic sum;

si placeo, utere,

id. Phorm. 3, 2, 42:

sic sententiest,

Plaut. Trin. 3, 2, 90:

sic est (= sic res se habet),

that is so, Ter. Ad. 4, 5, 21:

qui sic sunt (i. e. vivunt) haud multum heredem juvant,

id. Hec. 3, 5, 10:

nunc hoc profecto sic est,

Plaut. Merc. 2, 1, 42:

sic est. Non muto sententiam,

Sen. Ep. 10; cf. Plaut. Mil. 2, 3, 35; id. Am. 2, 1, 60; id. Aul. 2, 4, 43; id. As. 5, 2, 12; id. Most. 4, 3, 40; Ter. And. 1, 1, 35; id. Eun. 3, 1, 18; id. Ad. 3, 3, 44; Cic. Lael. 1, 5; id. de Or. 1, 19, 86; id. Or. 14, 46.—

Rarely as subject (mostly representing a subject-clause):

sic commodius esse arbitror quam manere hanc (sic = abire),

Ter. Phorm. 5, 3, 31:

si sic (= hoc) est factum, erus damno auctus est,

id. Heaut. 4, 1, 15: Pe. Quid? Concidit? Mi. Sic suspicio est (= eam concidisse), Plaut. Ep. 3, 4, 57:

mihi sic est usus (= sic agere),

Ter. Heaut. 1, 1, 28:

sic opus est (= hoc facere),

Ov. M. 1, 279; 2, 785.—

To express relations other than manner (rare).

Of consequence; un der these circumstances, accordingly, hence:

sic Numitori ad supplicium Remus deditur,

Liv. 1, 5, 4:

sic et habet quod uterque eorum habuit, et explevit quod utrique defuit,

Cic. Brut. 42, 154:

sic victam legem esse, nisi caveant,

Liv. 4, 11, 5:

suavis mihi ructus est. Sic sine modo,

Plaut. Ps. 5, 2, 17. —

Of condition; on this condition, if this be done, etc.:

reliquas illius anni pestes recordamini, sic enim facillime perspicietis, etc.,

Cic. Sest. 25, 55: displiceas aliis;

sic ego tutus ero (sic = si displicebis),

Tib. 4, 13, 6:

Scironis media sic licet ire via (sic = si amantes eunt),

Prop. 4, 15 (3, 16), 12:

sic demum lucos Stygios Aspicies (= non aspicies, nisi hoc facies),

Verg. A. 6, 154 (for sic as antecedent of si, v. infra, IV. 5).—

Of intensity:

non latuit scintilla ingenii: sic erat in omni sermone sollers (= tam sollers erat ut non lateret ingenium),

Cic. Rep. 2, 21, 37; cf. infra, IV. 4.

Referring to a subsequent sentence, thus, as follows, in the following manner (= hoc modo, hoc pacto, hujusmodi, ad hunc modum):

ingressus est sic loqui Scipio: Catonis hoc senis est, etc.,

Cic. Rep. 2, 1, 1 (cf.:

tum Varro ita exorsus est,

id. Ac. 1, 4, 15): hunc inter pugnas Servilius sic compellat, etc., Enn. ap. Gell. 12, 4, 4 (Ann. v. 256 Vahl.):

puero sic dicit pater: Noster esto,

Plaut. Bacch. 3, 3, 38:

sic faciam: adsimulabo quasi quam culpam in sese admiserint,

id. Stich. 1, 2, 27 dub.:

salem candidum sic facito: amphoram puram impleto, etc.,

Cato, R. R. 88: sic enim dixisti:

Vidi ego tuam lacrimulam,

Cic. Planc. 31, 76:

res autem se sic habet: composite et apte sine sententiis dicere insania est,

the truth is this, id. Or. 71, 236:

sic loquere, sic vive: vide, ne te ulla res deprimat,

Sen. Ep. 10, 4; cf. id. ib. 10, 1; Cato, R. R. 77 sqq.; Plaut. Poen. 1, 2, 177; Ter. Phorm. prol. 13; Auct. Her. 4, 6, 9; 4, 21, 29; 4, 4, 30; Cic. [p. 1691] Inv. 1, 39, 71; id. Or. 1, 45, 198; 2, 40, 167; 2, 40, 172; id. Att. 2, 22, 1; 5, 1, 3; 6, 1, 3; Verg. A. 1, 521.—

Esp., with ellipsis of predicate:

ego sic: diem statuo, etc. (sc. ago),

Cic. Att. 6, 1, 16.—Sometimes sic introduces detached words: sic loqui nosse, judicasse vetant, novisse jubent et judicavisse (= they forbid to say nosse, etc.), Cic. Or. 47, 157.—

For instance (= hoc modo, hoc pacto, ut hoc, verbi gratia, ut si; cf. Cic. Inv. 1, 49, 91 sq. infra):

disjunctum est, cum unumquodque certo concluditur verbo,

Auct. Her. 4, 27, 37:

mala definitio est... cum aliquid non grave dicit, sic: Stultitia est immensa gloriae cupiditas,

Cic. Inv. 1, 49, 91.

As a local demonstrative, thus, so, etc. (deiktikôs; colloq.;

mostly comice): ne hunc ornatum vos meum admiremini, quod ego processi sic cum servili schema,

as you see me now, Plaut. Am. prol. 117:

sed amictus sic hac ludibundus incessi,

id. Ps. 5, 1, 31:

nec sic per totam infamis traducerer urbem,

Prop. 2, 24 (3, 18), 7:

sic ad me, miserande, redis?

Ov. M. 11, 728; cf. Plaut. Ps. 5, 2, 4.—So accompanied with a corresponding gesture:

Quid tu igitur sic hoc digitulis duobus sumebas primoribus?

Plaut. Bacch. 4, 4, 25: Pe. Quid si curram? Tr. Censeo. Pe. An sic potius placide? (the speaker imitating the motion), id. Rud. 4, 8, 10:

non licet te sic placidule bellam belle tangere?

id. ib. 2, 4, 12:

quod non omnia sic poterant conjuncta manere,

Lucr. 5, 441.—

Here belong the phrases sic dedero, sic dabo, sic datur, expressing a threat of revenge, or satisfaction at another's misfortune: sic dedero! aere militari tetigero lenunculum,

I will give it to him, Plaut. Poen. 5, 5, 6; id. As. 2, 4, 33:

sic dabo!

Ter. Phorm. 5, 9, 38:

doletne? hem, sic datur si quis erum servos spernit,

Plaut. Ps. 1, 2, 21:

sic furi datur,

id. Stich. 5, 5, 25; so id. Men. 4, 2, 46.—Referring to an act just performed by the speaker:

sic deinde quicunque alius transiliet moenia mea (= sic pereat, quicunque deinde, etc.),

Liv. 1, 7, 2:

sic eat quaecunque Romana lugebit hostem,

so will every one fare who, id. 1, 26, 5:

sic... Cetera sit fortis castrorum turba tuorum (= sic ut interfeci te),

Ov. M. 12, 285.—So with a comp.-clause expressed:

sic stratas legiones Latinorum dabo, quemadmodum legatum jacentem videtis,

Liv. 8, 6, 6; cf. id. 1, 24, 8 (v. IV. 1. infra).

As correlative, with, 1. A comparative clause (sic far more frequent than ita); 2. A contrasted clause, mostly with ut; 3. A modal clause, with ut (ita more freq. than sic); 4. A clause expressing intensity, introduced by ut; 5. A conditional clause (rare; ita more freq.); 6. With a reason, introduced by quia (ante-class. and very rare); 7. With an inf. clause; 8. With ut, expressing purpose or result.

With comp. clauses, usu. introduced by ut, but also by quemadmodum (very freq.), sicut, velut, tamquam, quasi, quomodo, quam (rare and poet.), ceu (rare; poet. and post-class.), quantus (rare and poet.), qualis (ante-class. and rare).

With ut:

ut cibi satietas subamara aliqua re relevatur, sic animus defessus audiendi admiratione redintegratur,

Cic. Inv. 1, 17, 25:

ut non omnem frugem, neque arborem in omni agro reperire possis, sic non omne facinus in omni vita nascitur,

id. Rosc. Am. 27, 75:

ex suo regno sic Mithridates profugit ut ex eodem Ponto Medea quondam profugisse dicitur,

id. Imp. Pomp. 9, 22:

ut tu nunc de Coriolano, sic Clitarchus de Themistocle finxit,

id. Brut. 11, 42:

sic moneo ut filium, sic faveo ut mihi, sic hortor ut et pro patria et amicissimum,

id. Fam. 10, 5, 3:

ut vita, sic oratione durus fuit,

id. Brut. 31, 117:

de Lentulo sic fero ut debeo,

id. Att. 4, 6, 1:

sic est ut narro tibi,

Plaut. Most. 4, 3, 40; Cic. Inv. 2, 8, 28; id. Div. 2, 30, 93; id. de Or. 1, 33, 153; 3, 51, 198; Liv. 1, 47, 2; 2, 52, 7; Ov. M. 1, 495; 1, 539; 2, 165 et saep.—So in the formula ut quisque... sic (more freq. ita), rendered by according as, or the more... the...:

ut quisque rem accurat suam, sic ei procedunt postprincipia denique,

Plaut. Pers. 4, 1, 3:

ut quaeque res est tur pissima, sic maxime et maturissime vindicanda est,

Cic. Caecin. 2, 7; v. Fischer, Gr. II. p. 751.—

With quemadmodum: quemadmodum tibicen sine tibiis canere, sic orator, nisi multitudine audiente, eloquens esse non potest, Cic. Or. 2, 83, 338:

quemadmodum se tribuni gessissent in prohibendo dilectu, sic patres in lege prohibenda gerebant,

Liv. 3, 11, 3:

sic vestras hallucinationes fero, quemadmodum Juppiter ineptias poetarum,

Sen. Vit. Beat. 26, 6; cf. Cic. Inv. 1, 23, 33; 2, 8, 28; 2, 27, 82; id. Or. 3, 52, 200; id. Lael. 4, 16; id. Rosc. Com. 1, 2; id. Q. Fr. 1, 1, 5; Liv. 2, 13, 8; 5, 3, 8; Sen. Ep. 5, 6 (bis); id. Clem. 1, 3, 5; id. Vit. Beat. 23, 4.—

With sicut:

tecum simul, sicut ego pro multis, sic ille pro Appio dixit,

Cic. Brut. 64, 230; 46, 112; id. Or. 2, 44, 186; id. Clu. 2; Caes. B. G. 6, 30; Liv. 4, 57, 11; 7, 13, 8; Sen. Vit. Beat. 9, 2.—

With velut:

velut ipse in re trepida se sit tutatus, sic consulem loca tutiora castris cepisse,

Liv. 4, 41, 6; cf. Cic. Tusc. 1, 10, 20; Verg. A. 1, 148; Ov. M. 4, 375; 4, 705.—

With tamquam:

tamquam litteris in cera, sic se ajebat imaginibus quae meminisse vellet, perscribere,

Cic. Or. 2, 88, 360:

quid autem ego sic adhuc egi, tamquam integra sit causa patriciorum?

Liv. 10, 8:

sic Ephesi fui, tamquam domi meae,

Cic. Fam. 13, 69, 1; cf. id. Or. 2, 42, 180; id. Brut. 18, 71; 58, 213; 66, 235; 74, 258; id. Q. Fr. 1, 1, 16; 2, 14, 1; id. Prov. Cons. 12, 31; Sen. Ep. 101, 7.—

With quasi:

hujus innocentiae sic in hac calamitosa fama, quasi in aliqua perniciosissima flamma subvenire,

Cic. Clu. 1, 4:

ea sic observabo quasi intercalatum non sit,

id. Att. 6, 1, 12:

Quid tu me sic salutas quasi dudum non videris?

Plaut. Am. 2, 2, 51; cf. Cic. Or. 2, 11, 47; id. Inv. 1, 3, 4; id. Sen. 8, 26:

ego sic vivam quasi sciam, etc.,

Sen. Vit. Beat. 20, 3.—

With quomodo:

quomodo nomen in militiam non daret debilis, sic ad iter quod inhabile sciat, non accedet,

Sen. Ot. Sap. 3 (30), 4:

sic demus quomodo vellemus accipere,

id. Ben. 2, 1, 1; id. Ep. 9, 17; id. Ot. Sap. 6, 2 (32 med.); Cael. ap. Cic. Fam. 8, 4, 4.—

With ceu:

ceu cetera nusquam Bella forent... sic Martem indomitum Cernimus,

Verg. A. 2, 438.—

With quam:

non sic incerto mutantur flamine Syrtes, quam cito feminea non constat foedus in ira,

Prop. 2, 9, 33; Claud. IV. Cons. Hon. 281.—

With quantus:

nec sic errore laetatus Ulixes... nec sic Electra... quanta ego collegi gaudia,

Prop. 2, 14 (3, 6), 5 sqq.—

With qualis:

imo sic condignum donum quali'st quoi dono datum est,

Plaut. Am. 1, 3, 40.—

Without a correlative particle, in an independent sentence:

Quis potione uti aut cibo dulci diutius potest? sic omnibus in rebus voluptatibus maximis fastidium finitimum est (= ut nemo cibo dulci uti diutius potest, sic, etc.),

Cic. Or. 3, 25, 100; cf. id. ib. 19, 63.—

In contrasted clauses, mostly with ut, which may generally be rendered while: ut ad bella suscipienda Gallorum acer ac promptus est animus, sic mollis ad calamitates perferendas mens eorum est (almost = etsi ad bella suscipienda... tamen mollis est, etc., while, etc.), Caes. B. G. 3, 19: a ceteris oblectationibus ut deseror, sic litteris sustentor et recreor, while I am deserted, I am sustained, etc., Cic. Att. 4, 10, 1; cf. id. Rosc. Am. 18, 55; id. Fam. 10, 20, 2; Liv. 4, 57, 11; Ov. M. 4, 131; 11, 76.—So freq. two members of the same sentence are coordinated by ut... sic (ita) with almost the same force as a co-ordination by cum... tum, or by sed:

consul, ut fortasse vere, sic parum utiliter in praesens certamen respondit (= vere fortasse, sed parum utiliter),

Liv. 4, 6, 2:

ut nondum satis claram victoriam, sic prosperae spei pugnam imber diremit,

id. 6, 32, 6:

(forma erat) ut non cygnorum, sic albis proxima cygnis,

Ov. M. 14, 509; cf. Liv. 1, 27, 2; 5, 38, 2; 6, 6, 10; Ov. M. 1, 370.—In this use etiam or quoque is sometimes joined with sic (never by Cic. with ita):

nostri sensus, ut in pace semper, sic tum etiam in bello congruebant (= cum... tum),

Cic. Marcell. 6, 16:

ut sunt, sic etiam nominantur senes,

id. Sen. 6, 20:

utinam ut culpam, sic etiam suspitionem vitare potuisses,

id. Phil. 1, 13, 33:

ut superiorum aetatum studia occidunt, sic occidunt etiam senectutis,

id. Sen. 20, 76:

ut voce, sic etiam oratione,

id. Or. 25, 85; id. Top. 15, 59; id. Leg. 2, 25, 62; id. Lael. 5, 19.—More rarely with quem ad modum, quomodo:

ut, quem ad modum est, sic etiam appelletur tyrannus,

Cic. Att. 10, 4, 2:

quo modo ad bene vivendum, sic etiam ad beate,

id. Tusc. 3, 17, 37. —

With a clause of manner introduced by ut = so that:

sic fuimus semper comparati ut hominum sermonibus quasi in aliquod judicium vocaremur,

Cic. Or. 3, 9, 32:

eam sic audio ut Plautum mihi aut Naevium videar audire,

id. ib. 3, 12, 45:

sic agam vobiscum ut aliquid de vestris vitiis audiatis,

id. ib. 3, 12, 46:

omnia sic suppetunt ut ei nullam deesse virtutem oratoris putem,

id. Brut. 71, 250:

omnis pars orationis esse debet laudabilis, sic ut verbum nullum excidat,

id. Or. 36, 125:

sic tecum agam ut vel respondendi vel interpellandi potestatem faciam,

id. Rosc. Am. 27, 73:

nec vero sic erat umquam non paratus Milo contra illum ut non satis fere esset paratus,

id. Mil. 21, 56:

sic eum eo de re publica disputavit ut sentiret sibi cum viro forti esse pugnandum,

id. Fam. 5, 2, 8; cf. Plaut. As. 2, 4, 49; id. Mil. 2, 2, 82; Cic. de Or. 1, 57, 245; 2, 1, 3; 2, 6, 23; id. Brut. 22, 88; 40, 148; id. Sest. 40, 87; id. Planc. 10, 25; id. Fam. 5, 15, 4; Caes. B. G. 2, 32; 5, 17; id. B. C. 3, 56; Prop. 1, 21, 5.—Sometimes the correlative clause is restrictive, and sic = but so, yet so, only so:

mihi sic placuit ut cetera Antisthenis, hominis acuti magis quam eruditi,

Cic. Att. 12, 38, 4:

sic conveniet reprehendi, ut demonstretur etc.,

id. Inv. 1, 46, 86; id. Brut. 79, 274; id. Marcell. 11, 34; id. Att. 13, 3, 1 (ita is more freq. in this sense).—

With a clause expressing intensity (so both with adjj. and verbs; but far less freq. than ita, tam, adeo), to such a degree, so, so far, etc.:

sic ego illum in timorem dabo, ipse sese ut neget esse eum qui siet,

Plaut. Ps. 4, 1, 20 sq.:

conficior lacrimis sic ut ferre non possim,

Cic. Fam. 14, 4, 1:

sic rem fuisse apertam ut judicium fieri nihil attinuerit,

id. Inv. 2, 28, 84:

cujus responso judices sic exarserunt ut capitis hominem innocentissimum condemnarent,

id. Or. 1, 54, 233; cf. id. ib. 3, 8, 29; id. Brut. 88, 302; id. Or. 53, 177; 55, 184; id. Rep. 2, 21, 37; 3, 9, 15; id. Lael. 1, 4; id. Planc. 8, 21; id. Verr. 1, 36, 91; id. Balb. 5, 13; id. Att. 1, 8, 2; 1, 16, 1; Caes. B. G. 6, 41; Hor. S. 2, 3, 1.—

Rarely conditional clauses have the antecedent sic.

Poet. and in post-Aug. prose, to represent the result of the condition as sure:

sic invidiam effugies, si te non ingesseris oculis, si bona tua non jactaveris, si scieris in sinu gaudere,

Sen. Ep. 105, 3:

sic hodie veniet si qua negavit heri,

Prop. 2, 14 (3, 6), 20.—

Denoting with the proviso that, but only if (usu. ita):

decreverunt ut cum populus regem jussisset, id sic ratum esset si patres auctores fuissent,

that the choice should be valid, but only if the Senate should ratify it, Liv. 1, 17, 9:

sic ignovisse putato Me tibi si cenes hodie mecum,

Hor. Ep. 1, 7, 69.—

Sic quia = idcirco quia (very rare): Th. Quid vos? Insanin' estis? Tr. Quidum? Th. Sic quia foris ambulatis, Plaut. Most. 2, 2, 20.—

With inf. clause (freq.):

sic igitur sentio, naturam primum atque ingenium ad dicendum vim afferre maximam,

Cic. Or. 1, 25, 113:

sic a majoribus nostris accepimus, praetorem quaestori suo parentis loco esse oportere,

id. Div. in Caecil. 19, 61:

ego sic existimo, in summo imperatore quattuor res inesse oportere,

id. Imp. Pomp. 10, 38; cf. Ter. Hec. 5, 4, 5; Cic. Inv. 2, 55, 167; id. de Or. 1, 20, 93; 2, 28, 122; id. Brut. 36, 138; 41, 152; id. Div. in Caecil. 3, 10; id. Verr. 1, 7, 20; Liv. 5, 15, 11.—Esp., after sic habeto (habe, habeas) = scito (only Ciceron.):

sic habeto, in eum statum tuum reditum incidere ut, etc.,

Cic. Fam. 2, 3, 1; so id. ib. 1, 7, 3; 2, 6, 5; 2, 10, 1; 7, 18, 1; 9, 16, 2; id. Att. 2, 25, 1; 5, 1, 5; 5, 20, 1 et saep.—

With ut, expressing purpose or result:

nunc sic faciam, sic consilium est, ad erum ut veniam docte atque astu,

Plaut. Rud. 4, 2, 23:

ab Ariobarzane sic contendi ut talenta, quae mihi pollicebatur, illi daret,

Cic. Att. 6, 1, 3:

sic accidit ut ex tanto navium numero nulla omnino navis... desideraretur,

Caes. B. G. 5, 23; cf. Cato, R. R. 1, 1; Cic. Att. 8, 1, 4; id. Or. 2, 67, 271.

Idiomatic usages of sic.

In a wish, expressed as a conclusion after an imperative ( poet.):

parce: sic bene sub tenera parva quiescat humo (= si parces, bene quiescat),

Tib. 2, 6, 30:

annue: sic tibi sint intonsi, Phoebe, capilli,

id. 2, 5, 121:

pone, precor, fastus... Sic tibi nec vernum nascentia frigus adurat Poma, nec excutiant rapidi florentia venti,

Ov. M. 14, 762: dic [p. 1692] mihi de nostra quae sentis vera puella:

Sic tibi sint dominae, Lygdame, dempta juga,

Prop. 4, 5, 1; Tib. 2, 6, 30.—The imperative may follow the clause with sic:

sic tua Cyrneas fugiant examina taxos... Incipe (sc. cantare) si quid habes (= si incipies cantare, opto tibi ut tua examina, etc.),

Verg. E. 9, 30:

sic tibi (Arethusa) Doris amara suam non intermisceat undam: Incipe (= si incipies, opto tibi ut Doris, etc.),

id. ib. 10, 4:

sic mare compositum, sic sit tibi piscis in unda Credulus... Dic ubi sit,

Ov. M. 8, 857; Sen. Troad. 702; cf.:

sic te Diva potens Cypri... Ventorumque regat pater, Navis... Reddas incolumem Vergilium (= si tu, navis, reddes Vergilium, prosperum precor tibi cursum),

Hor. C. 1, 3, 1; cf.

also: sic venias hodierne: tibi dem turis honores (=si venies, tibi dem),

Tib. 1, 7, 53; cf. Ov. H. 3, 135; 4, 148.—

Sic (like ita) with ut in strong asseveration ( poet.):

sic me di amabunt, ut me tuarum miseritum'st fortunarum (= by the love of the gods, I pity, etc.),

Ter. Heaut. 3, 1, 54:

Diespiter me sic amabit ut ego hanc familiam interire cupio,

Plaut. Poen. 4, 2, 47:

sic has deus aequoris artes Adjuvet, ut nemo jamdudum littore in isto constitit,

Ov. M. 8, 866:

sic mihi te referas levis, ut non altera nostro limine intulit ulla pedes,

Prop. 1, 18, 11; cf. id. 3, 15 (4, 14), 1; cf.:

vera cano, sic usque sacras innoxia laurus vescar,

Tib. 2, 5, 63.—

In a demonstrative temporal force, like the Gr. houtôs, so, as the matter stands now, as it now is, as it then was, etc.

In gen.:

e Graecis cavendae sunt quaedam familiaritates, praeter hominum perpaucorum, si qui sunt vetere Graecia digni. Sic vero fallaces sunt permulti et leves,

but as things now stand, Cic. Q. Fr. 1, 1, 5, § 16:

at sic citius qui te expedias his aerumnis reperias,

Ter. Hec. 3, 1, 8: Pe. Pol tibi istuc credo nomen actutum fore. Tr. Dum interea sic sit, istuc actutum sino, provided it be as it is, Plaut. Most. 1, 1, 71:

quotiens hoc tibi ego interdixi, meam ne sic volgo pollicitarere operam,

thus, as you are doing now, id. Mil. 4, 2, 65:

si utrumvis tibi visus essem, Non sic ludibrio tuis factis habitus essem,

Ter. Hec. 4, 1, 11:

non sic nudos in flumen deicere (voluerunt),

naked, as they are, Cic. Rosc. Am. 26, 71:

sub alta platano... jacentes sic temere,

Hor. C. 2, 11, 14.—Esp., with sine and abl.:

me germanam meam sororem tibi sic sine dote dedisse,

so as she is, without a dowry, Plaut. Trin. 3, 2, 65:

sic sine malo,

id. Rud. 3, 5, 2:

at operam perire meam sic... perpeti nequeo,

without result, id. Trin. 3, 2, 34 Ritschl, Fleck. (Brix omits sic): nec sic de nihilo fulminis ira cadit (= without cause), Prop. 2, 16 (3, 8), 52: mirabar hoc si sic abiret, so, i. e. without trouble, Ter. And. 1, 2, 4:

hoc non poterit sic abire,

Cic. Fin. 5, 3, 7; so,

sic abire,

id. Att. 14, 1, 1; Cat. 14, 16; Plaut. Men. 5, 7, 39. —Hence,

With imperatives, esp. with sine: Quid ego hoc faciam postea? sic sine eumpse, just let him alone, i. e. leave him as he is, Plaut. Most. 1, 4, 32:

si non vult (numerare), sic sine adstet,

id. As. 2, 4, 54:

sine fores sic, abi,

let the door alone, id. Men. 2, 3, 1; so id. Cas. 3, 6, 36; id. Ps. 1, 5, 62.—

Pregn., implying a concession (= kai houtôs), even as it is now, even without doing so, in spite of it:

nolo bis iterare, sat sic longae fiunt fabulae,

narratives are long enough anyhow, as they are, without saying them twice over, Plaut. Ps. 1, 3, 154:

sed sic quoque erat tamen Acis,

even as it was, in spite of what has been said, Ov. M. 13, 896; so,

sic quoque fallebat,

id. ib. 1, 698:

sed sic me et libertatis fructu privas et diligentiae,

anyhow, not taking into account what is mentioned, Cic. Fam. 5, 20, 4: exhibeas molestiam si quid debeam, qui nunc sic tam es molestus, who art so troublesome even as it is, i. e. without my owing you any thing, Plaut. Pers. 2, 44:

sic quoque parte plebis affecta, fides tamen publica potior senatui fuit,

Liv. 7, 27; cf. Ov. F. 2, 642; Suet. Aug. 78.—

Ellipt., referring to something in the mind of the speaker:

Quod si hoc nunc sic incipiam? Nihil est. Quod si sic? Tantumdem egero. At sic opinor? Non potest,

Ter. Heaut. 4, 2, 8: illa quae aliis sic, aliis secus videntur, to some in one way, to others in another (= aliis aliter), Cic. Leg. 1, 17, 47: Quid vini absumpsit! Sic hoc dicens, asperum hoc est, aliud lenius, = this wine is so (the speaker not saying what he thinks of it), Ter. Heaut. 3, 1, 49: deinde quod illa (quae ego dixi) sive faceta sunt, sive sic, fiunt narrante te venustissima, or so, i. e. or otherwise, Cic. Fam. 15, 21, 2:

monitorem non desiderabit qui dicat, Sic incede, sic cena... sic amico utere, sic cive, sic socio,

Sen. Ep. 114.—

In answers, yes = the French, Italian, and Spanish si (ante - class. and rare): Ph. Phaniam relictam ais? Ge. Sic, Ter. Phorm. 2, 2, 2: De. Illa maneat? Ch. Sic, id. ib. 5, 3, 30: Ch. Sicine est sententia? Me. Sic, id. Heaut. 1, 1, 114.

sīc (old form sīce, Plaut. Rud. 2, 4, 12; also seic, C. I. L. 818), adv. [for si - ce; si, locat. form of pron. stem sa- = Gr. ho, ha, or hê, and demonstr. -ce; v. Corss. Ausspr. 1, 777], so, thus, in this or that manner, in such a manner, in the same way or manner, in like manner, likewise, to this or that extent or degree, to such a degree, in this or that state or condition, in such a condition (syn. ita); sic refers, I. To a previous fact, description, or assumption.—II. To a subsequent independent sentence, = thus, as follows. —III. As a local demonstrative (deiktikôs), referring to something done or pointed out by the speaker, = thus, as I do it; thus, as you see, etc.—IV. As a correlative, preceding or following clauses introduced by conjunctions. —V. In certain idiomatic connections.

Referring to something said before, = hoc modo: sic ille annus duo firmamenta rei publicae evertit, so, i. e. in the manner mentioned, Cic. Att. 1, 18, 3:

sic et nata et progressa eloquentia videtur,

id. Inv. 1, 2, 3:

facinus indignum Sic circumiri,

Ter. Phorm. 4, 3, 9:

sic deinceps omne opus contexitur,

Caes. B. G. 7, 23:

arare mavelim quam sic amare,

Plaut. Merc. 2, 3, 21:

sic se res habet,

Cic. Brut. 18, 71:

sic regii constiterant,

Liv. 42, 58:

sic res Romana in antiquum statum rediit,

id. 3, 9, 1:

sic ad Alpes perventum est,

Tac. H. 1, 84; cf. Enn. Ann. 1, 104; Plaut. Ep. 3, 4, 88; Ter. Ad. 5, 2, 11; Cic. Inv. 1, 46, 86; 2, 32, 100; id. de Or. 1, 32, 146; 2, 49, 201; 3, 29, 117; id. Brut. 40, 149; id. Rep. 2, 14, 27; 2, 20, 35; id. Lael. 9, 32; Liv. 4, 11, 5; 6, 17, 1; Caes. B. G. 3, 19; 6, 30; 7, 62.—Often sic does not qualify the main predicate, but a participle or adjective referring to it:

sic igitur instructus veniat ad causas,

Cic. Or. 34, 121:

cum sic affectos dimisisset,

Liv. 21, 43, 1:

sic omnibus copiis fusis se in castra recipiunt,

Caes. B. G. 3, 6:

sic milites consolatus eodem die reducit in castra,

id. ib. 7, 19; cf. id. ib. 7, 62; Ov. M. 1, 32.—

In a parenthet. clause (= ita):

quae, ut sic dicam, ad corpus pertinent civitatis,

so to speak, Cic. Inv. 2, 56, 168:

commentabar declamitans—sic enim nunc loquuntur,

id. Brut. 90, 310; cf. id. Att. 12, 39, 2; id. Lael. 11, 39; Liv. 7, 31; Ov. M. 4, 660; 13, 597; 13, 866.—

Referring not to the predicate, but to some intermediate term understood (= ita; cf.

Engl. so): sic provolant duo Fabii (= sic loquentes),

Liv. 2, 46, 7:

sic enim nostrae rationes postulabant (sic = ut sic agerem),

Cic. Att. 4, 2, 6:

tibi enim ipsi sic video placere (sic = sic faciendo),

id. ib. 4, 6, 2:

sic enim concedis mihi proximis litteris (= ut sic agam),

id. ib. 5, 20, 1:

sic enim statuerat (= hoc faciendum esse),

id. Phil. 5, 7, 208:

Quid igitur? Non sic oportet? Equidem censeo sic (sic = hoc fieri),

id. Fam. 16, 18, 1:

sic soleo (i. e. bona consilia reddere),

Ter. Ad. 5, 7, 25:

sic soleo amicos (i. e. beare),

id. Eun. 2, 2, 48:

sic memini tamen (= hoc ita esse),

Plaut. Mil. 1, 1, 48:

haec sic audivi (= ita esse),

id. Ep. 3, 1, 79:

sic prorsus existimo (= hoc ita esse),

Cic. Brut. 33, 125:

quoniam sic cogitis ipsi (= hoc facere),

Ov. M. 5, 178.—

As completing object, = hoc:

iis litteris respondebo: sic enim postulas (= hoc postulas),

Cic. Att. 6, 1, 1:

hic adsiste. Sic volo (= hoc volo, or hoc te facere volo),

Ter. Ad. 2, 1, 15:

sic fata jubent (= hoc jubent, or hoc facere jubent),

Ov. M. 15, 584:

hic apud nos hodie cenes. Sic face,

Plaut. Most. 5, 2, 8:

sic faciendum est,

Cic. Att. 4, 6, 2.—

Predicatively with esse (appellari, videri, etc.), in the sense of talis:

sic vita hominum est (= talis),

Cic. Rosc. Am. 30, 84:

vir acerrimo ingenio—sic enim fuit,

id. Or. 5, 18:

familiaris noster—sic est enim,

id. Att. 1, 18, 6:

sic est vulgus,

id. Rosc. Com. 10, 20:

sic, Crito, est hic,

Ter. And. 5, 4, 16: sic sum;

si placeo, utere,

id. Phorm. 3, 2, 42:

sic sententiest,

Plaut. Trin. 3, 2, 90:

sic est (= sic res se habet),

that is so, Ter. Ad. 4, 5, 21:

qui sic sunt (i. e. vivunt) haud multum heredem juvant,

id. Hec. 3, 5, 10:

nunc hoc profecto sic est,

Plaut. Merc. 2, 1, 42:

sic est. Non muto sententiam,

Sen. Ep. 10; cf. Plaut. Mil. 2, 3, 35; id. Am. 2, 1, 60; id. Aul. 2, 4, 43; id. As. 5, 2, 12; id. Most. 4, 3, 40; Ter. And. 1, 1, 35; id. Eun. 3, 1, 18; id. Ad. 3, 3, 44; Cic. Lael. 1, 5; id. de Or. 1, 19, 86; id. Or. 14, 46.—

Rarely as subject (mostly representing a subject-clause):

sic commodius esse arbitror quam manere hanc (sic = abire),

Ter. Phorm. 5, 3, 31:

si sic (= hoc) est factum, erus damno auctus est,

id. Heaut. 4, 1, 15: Pe. Quid? Concidit? Mi. Sic suspicio est (= eam concidisse), Plaut. Ep. 3, 4, 57:

mihi sic est usus (= sic agere),

Ter. Heaut. 1, 1, 28:

sic opus est (= hoc facere),

Ov. M. 1, 279; 2, 785.—

To express relations other than manner (rare).

Of consequence; un der these circumstances, accordingly, hence:

sic Numitori ad supplicium Remus deditur,

Liv. 1, 5, 4:

sic et habet quod uterque eorum habuit, et explevit quod utrique defuit,

Cic. Brut. 42, 154:

sic victam legem esse, nisi caveant,

Liv. 4, 11, 5:

suavis mihi ructus est. Sic sine modo,

Plaut. Ps. 5, 2, 17. —

Of condition; on this condition, if this be done, etc.:

reliquas illius anni pestes recordamini, sic enim facillime perspicietis, etc.,

Cic. Sest. 25, 55: displiceas aliis;

sic ego tutus ero (sic = si displicebis),

Tib. 4, 13, 6:

Scironis media sic licet ire via (sic = si amantes eunt),

Prop. 4, 15 (3, 16), 12:

sic demum lucos Stygios Aspicies (= non aspicies, nisi hoc facies),

Verg. A. 6, 154 (for sic as antecedent of si, v. infra, IV. 5).—

Of intensity:

non latuit scintilla ingenii: sic erat in omni sermone sollers (= tam sollers erat ut non lateret ingenium),

Cic. Rep. 2, 21, 37; cf. infra, IV. 4.

Referring to a subsequent sentence, thus, as follows, in the following manner (= hoc modo, hoc pacto, hujusmodi, ad hunc modum):

ingressus est sic loqui Scipio: Catonis hoc senis est, etc.,

Cic. Rep. 2, 1, 1 (cf.:

tum Varro ita exorsus est,

id. Ac. 1, 4, 15): hunc inter pugnas Servilius sic compellat, etc., Enn. ap. Gell. 12, 4, 4 (Ann. v. 256 Vahl.):

puero sic dicit pater: Noster esto,

Plaut. Bacch. 3, 3, 38:

sic faciam: adsimulabo quasi quam culpam in sese admiserint,

id. Stich. 1, 2, 27 dub.:

salem candidum sic facito: amphoram puram impleto, etc.,

Cato, R. R. 88: sic enim dixisti:

Vidi ego tuam lacrimulam,

Cic. Planc. 31, 76:

res autem se sic habet: composite et apte sine sententiis dicere insania est,

the truth is this, id. Or. 71, 236:

sic loquere, sic vive: vide, ne te ulla res deprimat,

Sen. Ep. 10, 4; cf. id. ib. 10, 1; Cato, R. R. 77 sqq.; Plaut. Poen. 1, 2, 177; Ter. Phorm. prol. 13; Auct. Her. 4, 6, 9; 4, 21, 29; 4, 4, 30; Cic. [p. 1691] Inv. 1, 39, 71; id. Or. 1, 45, 198; 2, 40, 167; 2, 40, 172; id. Att. 2, 22, 1; 5, 1, 3; 6, 1, 3; Verg. A. 1, 521.—

Esp., with ellipsis of predicate:

ego sic: diem statuo, etc. (sc. ago),

Cic. Att. 6, 1, 16.—Sometimes sic introduces detached words: sic loqui nosse, judicasse vetant, novisse jubent et judicavisse (= they forbid to say nosse, etc.), Cic. Or. 47, 157.—

For instance (= hoc modo, hoc pacto, ut hoc, verbi gratia, ut si; cf. Cic. Inv. 1, 49, 91 sq. infra):

disjunctum est, cum unumquodque certo concluditur verbo,

Auct. Her. 4, 27, 37:

mala definitio est... cum aliquid non grave dicit, sic: Stultitia est immensa gloriae cupiditas,

Cic. Inv. 1, 49, 91.

As a local demonstrative, thus, so, etc. (deiktikôs; colloq.;

mostly comice): ne hunc ornatum vos meum admiremini, quod ego processi sic cum servili schema,

as you see me now, Plaut. Am. prol. 117:

sed amictus sic hac ludibundus incessi,

id. Ps. 5, 1, 31:

nec sic per totam infamis traducerer urbem,

Prop. 2, 24 (3, 18), 7:

sic ad me, miserande, redis?

Ov. M. 11, 728; cf. Plaut. Ps. 5, 2, 4.—So accompanied with a corresponding gesture:

Quid tu igitur sic hoc digitulis duobus sumebas primoribus?

Plaut. Bacch. 4, 4, 25: Pe. Quid si curram? Tr. Censeo. Pe. An sic potius placide? (the speaker imitating the motion), id. Rud. 4, 8, 10:

non licet te sic placidule bellam belle tangere?

id. ib. 2, 4, 12:

quod non omnia sic poterant conjuncta manere,

Lucr. 5, 441.—

Here belong the phrases sic dedero, sic dabo, sic datur, expressing a threat of revenge, or satisfaction at another's misfortune: sic dedero! aere militari tetigero lenunculum,

I will give it to him, Plaut. Poen. 5, 5, 6; id. As. 2, 4, 33:

sic dabo!

Ter. Phorm. 5, 9, 38:

doletne? hem, sic datur si quis erum servos spernit,

Plaut. Ps. 1, 2, 21:

sic furi datur,

id. Stich. 5, 5, 25; so id. Men. 4, 2, 46.—Referring to an act just performed by the speaker:

sic deinde quicunque alius transiliet moenia mea (= sic pereat, quicunque deinde, etc.),

Liv. 1, 7, 2:

sic eat quaecunque Romana lugebit hostem,

so will every one fare who, id. 1, 26, 5:

sic... Cetera sit fortis castrorum turba tuorum (= sic ut interfeci te),

Ov. M. 12, 285.—So with a comp.-clause expressed:

sic stratas legiones Latinorum dabo, quemadmodum legatum jacentem videtis,

Liv. 8, 6, 6; cf. id. 1, 24, 8 (v. IV. 1. infra).

As correlative, with, 1. A comparative clause (sic far more frequent than ita); 2. A contrasted clause, mostly with ut; 3. A modal clause, with ut (ita more freq. than sic); 4. A clause expressing intensity, introduced by ut; 5. A conditional clause (rare; ita more freq.); 6. With a reason, introduced by quia (ante-class. and very rare); 7. With an inf. clause; 8. With ut, expressing purpose or result.

With comp. clauses, usu. introduced by ut, but also by quemadmodum (very freq.), sicut, velut, tamquam, quasi, quomodo, quam (rare and poet.), ceu (rare; poet. and post-class.), quantus (rare and poet.), qualis (ante-class. and rare).

With ut:

ut cibi satietas subamara aliqua re relevatur, sic animus defessus audiendi admiratione redintegratur,

Cic. Inv. 1, 17, 25:

ut non omnem frugem, neque arborem in omni agro reperire possis, sic non omne facinus in omni vita nascitur,

id. Rosc. Am. 27, 75:

ex suo regno sic Mithridates profugit ut ex eodem Ponto Medea quondam profugisse dicitur,

id. Imp. Pomp. 9, 22:

ut tu nunc de Coriolano, sic Clitarchus de Themistocle finxit,

id. Brut. 11, 42:

sic moneo ut filium, sic faveo ut mihi, sic hortor ut et pro patria et amicissimum,

id. Fam. 10, 5, 3:

ut vita, sic oratione durus fuit,

id. Brut. 31, 117:

de Lentulo sic fero ut debeo,

id. Att. 4, 6, 1:

sic est ut narro tibi,

Plaut. Most. 4, 3, 40; Cic. Inv. 2, 8, 28; id. Div. 2, 30, 93; id. de Or. 1, 33, 153; 3, 51, 198; Liv. 1, 47, 2; 2, 52, 7; Ov. M. 1, 495; 1, 539; 2, 165 et saep.—So in the formula ut quisque... sic (more freq. ita), rendered by according as, or the more... the...:

ut quisque rem accurat suam, sic ei procedunt postprincipia denique,

Plaut. Pers. 4, 1, 3:

ut quaeque res est tur pissima, sic maxime et maturissime vindicanda est,

Cic. Caecin. 2, 7; v. Fischer, Gr. II. p. 751.—

With quemadmodum: quemadmodum tibicen sine tibiis canere, sic orator, nisi multitudine audiente, eloquens esse non potest, Cic. Or. 2, 83, 338:

quemadmodum se tribuni gessissent in prohibendo dilectu, sic patres in lege prohibenda gerebant,

Liv. 3, 11, 3:

sic vestras hallucinationes fero, quemadmodum Juppiter ineptias poetarum,

Sen. Vit. Beat. 26, 6; cf. Cic. Inv. 1, 23, 33; 2, 8, 28; 2, 27, 82; id. Or. 3, 52, 200; id. Lael. 4, 16; id. Rosc. Com. 1, 2; id. Q. Fr. 1, 1, 5; Liv. 2, 13, 8; 5, 3, 8; Sen. Ep. 5, 6 (bis); id. Clem. 1, 3, 5; id. Vit. Beat. 23, 4.—

With sicut:

tecum simul, sicut ego pro multis, sic ille pro Appio dixit,

Cic. Brut. 64, 230; 46, 112; id. Or. 2, 44, 186; id. Clu. 2; Caes. B. G. 6, 30; Liv. 4, 57, 11; 7, 13, 8; Sen. Vit. Beat. 9, 2.—

With velut:

velut ipse in re trepida se sit tutatus, sic consulem loca tutiora castris cepisse,

Liv. 4, 41, 6; cf. Cic. Tusc. 1, 10, 20; Verg. A. 1, 148; Ov. M. 4, 375; 4, 705.—

With tamquam:

tamquam litteris in cera, sic se ajebat imaginibus quae meminisse vellet, perscribere,

Cic. Or. 2, 88, 360:

quid autem ego sic adhuc egi, tamquam integra sit causa patriciorum?

Liv. 10, 8:

sic Ephesi fui, tamquam domi meae,

Cic. Fam. 13, 69, 1; cf. id. Or. 2, 42, 180; id. Brut. 18, 71; 58, 213; 66, 235; 74, 258; id. Q. Fr. 1, 1, 16; 2, 14, 1; id. Prov. Cons. 12, 31; Sen. Ep. 101, 7.—

With quasi:

hujus innocentiae sic in hac calamitosa fama, quasi in aliqua perniciosissima flamma subvenire,

Cic. Clu. 1, 4:

ea sic observabo quasi intercalatum non sit,

id. Att. 6, 1, 12:

Quid tu me sic salutas quasi dudum non videris?

Plaut. Am. 2, 2, 51; cf. Cic. Or. 2, 11, 47; id. Inv. 1, 3, 4; id. Sen. 8, 26:

ego sic vivam quasi sciam, etc.,

Sen. Vit. Beat. 20, 3.—

With quomodo:

quomodo nomen in militiam non daret debilis, sic ad iter quod inhabile sciat, non accedet,

Sen. Ot. Sap. 3 (30), 4:

sic demus quomodo vellemus accipere,

id. Ben. 2, 1, 1; id. Ep. 9, 17; id. Ot. Sap. 6, 2 (32 med.); Cael. ap. Cic. Fam. 8, 4, 4.—

With ceu:

ceu cetera nusquam Bella forent... sic Martem indomitum Cernimus,

Verg. A. 2, 438.—

With quam:

non sic incerto mutantur flamine Syrtes, quam cito feminea non constat foedus in ira,

Prop. 2, 9, 33; Claud. IV. Cons. Hon. 281.—

With quantus:

nec sic errore laetatus Ulixes... nec sic Electra... quanta ego collegi gaudia,

Prop. 2, 14 (3, 6), 5 sqq.—

With qualis:

imo sic condignum donum quali'st quoi dono datum est,

Plaut. Am. 1, 3, 40.—

Without a correlative particle, in an independent sentence:

Quis potione uti aut cibo dulci diutius potest? sic omnibus in rebus voluptatibus maximis fastidium finitimum est (= ut nemo cibo dulci uti diutius potest, sic, etc.),

Cic. Or. 3, 25, 100; cf. id. ib. 19, 63.—

In contrasted clauses, mostly with ut, which may generally be rendered while: ut ad bella suscipienda Gallorum acer ac promptus est animus, sic mollis ad calamitates perferendas mens eorum est (almost = etsi ad bella suscipienda... tamen mollis est, etc., while, etc.), Caes. B. G. 3, 19: a ceteris oblectationibus ut deseror, sic litteris sustentor et recreor, while I am deserted, I am sustained, etc., Cic. Att. 4, 10, 1; cf. id. Rosc. Am. 18, 55; id. Fam. 10, 20, 2; Liv. 4, 57, 11; Ov. M. 4, 131; 11, 76.—So freq. two members of the same sentence are coordinated by ut... sic (ita) with almost the same force as a co-ordination by cum... tum, or by sed:

consul, ut fortasse vere, sic parum utiliter in praesens certamen respondit (= vere fortasse, sed parum utiliter),

Liv. 4, 6, 2:

ut nondum satis claram victoriam, sic prosperae spei pugnam imber diremit,

id. 6, 32, 6:

(forma erat) ut non cygnorum, sic albis proxima cygnis,

Ov. M. 14, 509; cf. Liv. 1, 27, 2; 5, 38, 2; 6, 6, 10; Ov. M. 1, 370.—In this use etiam or quoque is sometimes joined with sic (never by Cic. with ita):

nostri sensus, ut in pace semper, sic tum etiam in bello congruebant (= cum... tum),

Cic. Marcell. 6, 16:

ut sunt, sic etiam nominantur senes,

id. Sen. 6, 20:

utinam ut culpam, sic etiam suspitionem vitare potuisses,

id. Phil. 1, 13, 33:

ut superiorum aetatum studia occidunt, sic occidunt etiam senectutis,

id. Sen. 20, 76:

ut voce, sic etiam oratione,

id. Or. 25, 85; id. Top. 15, 59; id. Leg. 2, 25, 62; id. Lael. 5, 19.—More rarely with quem ad modum, quomodo:

ut, quem ad modum est, sic etiam appelletur tyrannus,

Cic. Att. 10, 4, 2:

quo modo ad bene vivendum, sic etiam ad beate,

id. Tusc. 3, 17, 37. —

With a clause of manner introduced by ut = so that:

sic fuimus semper comparati ut hominum sermonibus quasi in aliquod judicium vocaremur,

Cic. Or. 3, 9, 32:

eam sic audio ut Plautum mihi aut Naevium videar audire,

id. ib. 3, 12, 45:

sic agam vobiscum ut aliquid de vestris vitiis audiatis,

id. ib. 3, 12, 46:

omnia sic suppetunt ut ei nullam deesse virtutem oratoris putem,

id. Brut. 71, 250:

omnis pars orationis esse debet laudabilis, sic ut verbum nullum excidat,

id. Or. 36, 125:

sic tecum agam ut vel respondendi vel interpellandi potestatem faciam,

id. Rosc. Am. 27, 73:

nec vero sic erat umquam non paratus Milo contra illum ut non satis fere esset paratus,

id. Mil. 21, 56:

sic eum eo de re publica disputavit ut sentiret sibi cum viro forti esse pugnandum,

id. Fam. 5, 2, 8; cf. Plaut. As. 2, 4, 49; id. Mil. 2, 2, 82; Cic. de Or. 1, 57, 245; 2, 1, 3; 2, 6, 23; id. Brut. 22, 88; 40, 148; id. Sest. 40, 87; id. Planc. 10, 25; id. Fam. 5, 15, 4; Caes. B. G. 2, 32; 5, 17; id. B. C. 3, 56; Prop. 1, 21, 5.—Sometimes the correlative clause is restrictive, and sic = but so, yet so, only so:

mihi sic placuit ut cetera Antisthenis, hominis acuti magis quam eruditi,

Cic. Att. 12, 38, 4:

sic conveniet reprehendi, ut demonstretur etc.,

id. Inv. 1, 46, 86; id. Brut. 79, 274; id. Marcell. 11, 34; id. Att. 13, 3, 1 (ita is more freq. in this sense).—

With a clause expressing intensity (so both with adjj. and verbs; but far less freq. than ita, tam, adeo), to such a degree, so, so far, etc.:

sic ego illum in timorem dabo, ipse sese ut neget esse eum qui siet,

Plaut. Ps. 4, 1, 20 sq.:

conficior lacrimis sic ut ferre non possim,

Cic. Fam. 14, 4, 1:

sic rem fuisse apertam ut judicium fieri nihil attinuerit,

id. Inv. 2, 28, 84:

cujus responso judices sic exarserunt ut capitis hominem innocentissimum condemnarent,

id. Or. 1, 54, 233; cf. id. ib. 3, 8, 29; id. Brut. 88, 302; id. Or. 53, 177; 55, 184; id. Rep. 2, 21, 37; 3, 9, 15; id. Lael. 1, 4; id. Planc. 8, 21; id. Verr. 1, 36, 91; id. Balb. 5, 13; id. Att. 1, 8, 2; 1, 16, 1; Caes. B. G. 6, 41; Hor. S. 2, 3, 1.—

Rarely conditional clauses have the antecedent sic.

Poet. and in post-Aug. prose, to represent the result of the condition as sure:

sic invidiam effugies, si te non ingesseris oculis, si bona tua non jactaveris, si scieris in sinu gaudere,

Sen. Ep. 105, 3:

sic hodie veniet si qua negavit heri,

Prop. 2, 14 (3, 6), 20.—

Denoting with the proviso that, but only if (usu. ita):

decreverunt ut cum populus regem jussisset, id sic ratum esset si patres auctores fuissent,

that the choice should be valid, but only if the Senate should ratify it, Liv. 1, 17, 9:

sic ignovisse putato Me tibi si cenes hodie mecum,

Hor. Ep. 1, 7, 69.—

Sic quia = idcirco quia (very rare): Th. Quid vos? Insanin' estis? Tr. Quidum? Th. Sic quia foris ambulatis, Plaut. Most. 2, 2, 20.—

With inf. clause (freq.):

sic igitur sentio, naturam primum atque ingenium ad dicendum vim afferre maximam,

Cic. Or. 1, 25, 113:

sic a majoribus nostris accepimus, praetorem quaestori suo parentis loco esse oportere,

id. Div. in Caecil. 19, 61:

ego sic existimo, in summo imperatore quattuor res inesse oportere,

id. Imp. Pomp. 10, 38; cf. Ter. Hec. 5, 4, 5; Cic. Inv. 2, 55, 167; id. de Or. 1, 20, 93; 2, 28, 122; id. Brut. 36, 138; 41, 152; id. Div. in Caecil. 3, 10; id. Verr. 1, 7, 20; Liv. 5, 15, 11.—Esp., after sic habeto (habe, habeas) = scito (only Ciceron.):

sic habeto, in eum statum tuum reditum incidere ut, etc.,

Cic. Fam. 2, 3, 1; so id. ib. 1, 7, 3; 2, 6, 5; 2, 10, 1; 7, 18, 1; 9, 16, 2; id. Att. 2, 25, 1; 5, 1, 5; 5, 20, 1 et saep.—

With ut, expressing purpose or result:

nunc sic faciam, sic consilium est, ad erum ut veniam docte atque astu,

Plaut. Rud. 4, 2, 23:

ab Ariobarzane sic contendi ut talenta, quae mihi pollicebatur, illi daret,

Cic. Att. 6, 1, 3:

sic accidit ut ex tanto navium numero nulla omnino navis... desideraretur,

Caes. B. G. 5, 23; cf. Cato, R. R. 1, 1; Cic. Att. 8, 1, 4; id. Or. 2, 67, 271.

Idiomatic usages of sic.

In a wish, expressed as a conclusion after an imperative ( poet.):

parce: sic bene sub tenera parva quiescat humo (= si parces, bene quiescat),

Tib. 2, 6, 30:

annue: sic tibi sint intonsi, Phoebe, capilli,

id. 2, 5, 121:

pone, precor, fastus... Sic tibi nec vernum nascentia frigus adurat Poma, nec excutiant rapidi florentia venti,

Ov. M. 14, 762: dic [p. 1692] mihi de nostra quae sentis vera puella:

Sic tibi sint dominae, Lygdame, dempta juga,

Prop. 4, 5, 1; Tib. 2, 6, 30.—The imperative may follow the clause with sic:

sic tua Cyrneas fugiant examina taxos... Incipe (sc. cantare) si quid habes (= si incipies cantare, opto tibi ut tua examina, etc.),

Verg. E. 9, 30:

sic tibi (Arethusa) Doris amara suam non intermisceat undam: Incipe (= si incipies, opto tibi ut Doris, etc.),

id. ib. 10, 4:

sic mare compositum, sic sit tibi piscis in unda Credulus... Dic ubi sit,

Ov. M. 8, 857; Sen. Troad. 702; cf.:

sic te Diva potens Cypri... Ventorumque regat pater, Navis... Reddas incolumem Vergilium (= si tu, navis, reddes Vergilium, prosperum precor tibi cursum),

Hor. C. 1, 3, 1; cf.

also: sic venias hodierne: tibi dem turis honores (=si venies, tibi dem),

Tib. 1, 7, 53; cf. Ov. H. 3, 135; 4, 148.—

Sic (like ita) with ut in strong asseveration ( poet.):

sic me di amabunt, ut me tuarum miseritum'st fortunarum (= by the love of the gods, I pity, etc.),

Ter. Heaut. 3, 1, 54:

Diespiter me sic amabit ut ego hanc familiam interire cupio,

Plaut. Poen. 4, 2, 47:

sic has deus aequoris artes Adjuvet, ut nemo jamdudum littore in isto constitit,

Ov. M. 8, 866:

sic mihi te referas levis, ut non altera nostro limine intulit ulla pedes,

Prop. 1, 18, 11; cf. id. 3, 15 (4, 14), 1; cf.:

vera cano, sic usque sacras innoxia laurus vescar,

Tib. 2, 5, 63.—

In a demonstrative temporal force, like the Gr. houtôs, so, as the matter stands now, as it now is, as it then was, etc.

In gen.:

e Graecis cavendae sunt quaedam familiaritates, praeter hominum perpaucorum, si qui sunt vetere Graecia digni. Sic vero fallaces sunt permulti et leves,

but as things now stand, Cic. Q. Fr. 1, 1, 5, § 16:

at sic citius qui te expedias his aerumnis reperias,

Ter. Hec. 3, 1, 8: Pe. Pol tibi istuc credo nomen actutum fore. Tr. Dum interea sic sit, istuc actutum sino, provided it be as it is, Plaut. Most. 1, 1, 71:

quotiens hoc tibi ego interdixi, meam ne sic volgo pollicitarere operam,

thus, as you are doing now, id. Mil. 4, 2, 65:

si utrumvis tibi visus essem, Non sic ludibrio tuis factis habitus essem,

Ter. Hec. 4, 1, 11:

non sic nudos in flumen deicere (voluerunt),

naked, as they are, Cic. Rosc. Am. 26, 71:

sub alta platano... jacentes sic temere,

Hor. C. 2, 11, 14.—Esp., with sine and abl.:

me germanam meam sororem tibi sic sine dote dedisse,

so as she is, without a dowry, Plaut. Trin. 3, 2, 65:

sic sine malo,

id. Rud. 3, 5, 2:

at operam perire meam sic... perpeti nequeo,

without result, id. Trin. 3, 2, 34 Ritschl, Fleck. (Brix omits sic): nec sic de nihilo fulminis ira cadit (= without cause), Prop. 2, 16 (3, 8), 52: mirabar hoc si sic abiret, so, i. e. without trouble, Ter. And. 1, 2, 4:

hoc non poterit sic abire,

Cic. Fin. 5, 3, 7; so,

sic abire,

id. Att. 14, 1, 1; Cat. 14, 16; Plaut. Men. 5, 7, 39. —Hence,

With imperatives, esp. with sine: Quid ego hoc faciam postea? sic sine eumpse, just let him alone, i. e. leave him as he is, Plaut. Most. 1, 4, 32:

si non vult (numerare), sic sine adstet,

id. As. 2, 4, 54:

sine fores sic, abi,

let the door alone, id. Men. 2, 3, 1; so id. Cas. 3, 6, 36; id. Ps. 1, 5, 62.—

Pregn., implying a concession (= kai houtôs), even as it is now, even without doing so, in spite of it:

nolo bis iterare, sat sic longae fiunt fabulae,

narratives are long enough anyhow, as they are, without saying them twice over, Plaut. Ps. 1, 3, 154:

sed sic quoque erat tamen Acis,

even as it was, in spite of what has been said, Ov. M. 13, 896; so,

sic quoque fallebat,

id. ib. 1, 698:

sed sic me et libertatis fructu privas et diligentiae,

anyhow, not taking into account what is mentioned, Cic. Fam. 5, 20, 4: exhibeas molestiam si quid debeam, qui nunc sic tam es molestus, who art so troublesome even as it is, i. e. without my owing you any thing, Plaut. Pers. 2, 44:

sic quoque parte plebis affecta, fides tamen publica potior senatui fuit,

Liv. 7, 27; cf. Ov. F. 2, 642; Suet. Aug. 78.—

Ellipt., referring to something in the mind of the speaker:

Quod si hoc nunc sic incipiam? Nihil est. Quod si sic? Tantumdem egero. At sic opinor? Non potest,

Ter. Heaut. 4, 2, 8: illa quae aliis sic, aliis secus videntur, to some in one way, to others in another (= aliis aliter), Cic. Leg. 1, 17, 47: Quid vini absumpsit! Sic hoc dicens, asperum hoc est, aliud lenius, = this wine is so (the speaker not saying what he thinks of it), Ter. Heaut. 3, 1, 49: deinde quod illa (quae ego dixi) sive faceta sunt, sive sic, fiunt narrante te venustissima, or so, i. e. or otherwise, Cic. Fam. 15, 21, 2:

monitorem non desiderabit qui dicat, Sic incede, sic cena... sic amico utere, sic cive, sic socio,

Sen. Ep. 114.—

In answers, yes = the French, Italian, and Spanish si (ante - class. and rare): Ph. Phaniam relictam ais? Ge. Sic, Ter. Phorm. 2, 2, 2: De. Illa maneat? Ch. Sic, id. ib. 5, 3, 30: Ch. Sicine est sententia? Me. Sic, id. Heaut. 1, 1, 114.

sīc (old form sīce, Plaut. Rud. 2, 4, 12; also seic, C. I. L. 818), adv. [for si - ce; si, locat. form of pron. stem sa- = Gr. ho, ha, or hê, and demonstr. -ce; v. Corss. Ausspr. 1, 777], so, thus, in this or that manner, in such a manner, in the same way or manner, in like manner, likewise, to this or that extent or degree, to such a degree, in this or that state or condition, in such a condition (syn. ita); sic refers, I. To a previous fact, description, or assumption.—II. To a subsequent independent sentence, = thus, as follows. —III. As a local demonstrative (deiktikôs), referring to something done or pointed out by the speaker, = thus, as I do it; thus, as you see, etc.—IV. As a correlative, preceding or following clauses introduced by conjunctions. —V. In certain idiomatic connections.

Referring to something said before, = hoc modo: sic ille annus duo firmamenta rei publicae evertit, so, i. e. in the manner mentioned, Cic. Att. 1, 18, 3:

sic et nata et progressa eloquentia videtur,

id. Inv. 1, 2, 3:

facinus indignum Sic circumiri,

Ter. Phorm. 4, 3, 9:

sic deinceps omne opus contexitur,

Caes. B. G. 7, 23:

arare mavelim quam sic amare,

Plaut. Merc. 2, 3, 21:

sic se res habet,

Cic. Brut. 18, 71:

sic regii constiterant,

Liv. 42, 58:

sic res Romana in antiquum statum rediit,

id. 3, 9, 1:

sic ad Alpes perventum est,

Tac. H. 1, 84; cf. Enn. Ann. 1, 104; Plaut. Ep. 3, 4, 88; Ter. Ad. 5, 2, 11; Cic. Inv. 1, 46, 86; 2, 32, 100; id. de Or. 1, 32, 146; 2, 49, 201; 3, 29, 117; id. Brut. 40, 149; id. Rep. 2, 14, 27; 2, 20, 35; id. Lael. 9, 32; Liv. 4, 11, 5; 6, 17, 1; Caes. B. G. 3, 19; 6, 30; 7, 62.—Often sic does not qualify the main predicate, but a participle or adjective referring to it:

sic igitur instructus veniat ad causas,

Cic. Or. 34, 121:

cum sic affectos dimisisset,

Liv. 21, 43, 1:

sic omnibus copiis fusis se in castra recipiunt,

Caes. B. G. 3, 6:

sic milites consolatus eodem die reducit in castra,

id. ib. 7, 19; cf. id. ib. 7, 62; Ov. M. 1, 32.—

In a parenthet. clause (= ita):

quae, ut sic dicam, ad corpus pertinent civitatis,

so to speak, Cic. Inv. 2, 56, 168:

commentabar declamitans—sic enim nunc loquuntur,

id. Brut. 90, 310; cf. id. Att. 12, 39, 2; id. Lael. 11, 39; Liv. 7, 31; Ov. M. 4, 660; 13, 597; 13, 866.—

Referring not to the predicate, but to some intermediate term understood (= ita; cf.

Engl. so): sic provolant duo Fabii (= sic loquentes),

Liv. 2, 46, 7:

sic enim nostrae rationes postulabant (sic = ut sic agerem),

Cic. Att. 4, 2, 6:

tibi enim ipsi sic video placere (sic = sic faciendo),

id. ib. 4, 6, 2:

sic enim concedis mihi proximis litteris (= ut sic agam),

id. ib. 5, 20, 1:

sic enim statuerat (= hoc faciendum esse),

id. Phil. 5, 7, 208:

Quid igitur? Non sic oportet? Equidem censeo sic (sic = hoc fieri),

id. Fam. 16, 18, 1:

sic soleo (i. e. bona consilia reddere),

Ter. Ad. 5, 7, 25:

sic soleo amicos (i. e. beare),

id. Eun. 2, 2, 48:

sic memini tamen (= hoc ita esse),

Plaut. Mil. 1, 1, 48:

haec sic audivi (= ita esse),

id. Ep. 3, 1, 79:

sic prorsus existimo (= hoc ita esse),

Cic. Brut. 33, 125:

quoniam sic cogitis ipsi (= hoc facere),

Ov. M. 5, 178.—

As completing object, = hoc:

iis litteris respondebo: sic enim postulas (= hoc postulas),

Cic. Att. 6, 1, 1:

hic adsiste. Sic volo (= hoc volo, or hoc te facere volo),

Ter. Ad. 2, 1, 15:

sic fata jubent (= hoc jubent, or hoc facere jubent),

Ov. M. 15, 584:

hic apud nos hodie cenes. Sic face,

Plaut. Most. 5, 2, 8:

sic faciendum est,

Cic. Att. 4, 6, 2.—

Predicatively with esse (appellari, videri, etc.), in the sense of talis:

sic vita hominum est (= talis),

Cic. Rosc. Am. 30, 84:

vir acerrimo ingenio—sic enim fuit,

id. Or. 5, 18:

familiaris noster—sic est enim,

id. Att. 1, 18, 6:

sic est vulgus,

id. Rosc. Com. 10, 20:

sic, Crito, est hic,

Ter. And. 5, 4, 16: sic sum;

si placeo, utere,

id. Phorm. 3, 2, 42:

sic sententiest,

Plaut. Trin. 3, 2, 90:

sic est (= sic res se habet),

that is so, Ter. Ad. 4, 5, 21:

qui sic sunt (i. e. vivunt) haud multum heredem juvant,

id. Hec. 3, 5, 10:

nunc hoc profecto sic est,

Plaut. Merc. 2, 1, 42:

sic est. Non muto sententiam,

Sen. Ep. 10; cf. Plaut. Mil. 2, 3, 35; id. Am. 2, 1, 60; id. Aul. 2, 4, 43; id. As. 5, 2, 12; id. Most. 4, 3, 40; Ter. And. 1, 1, 35; id. Eun. 3, 1, 18; id. Ad. 3, 3, 44; Cic. Lael. 1, 5; id. de Or. 1, 19, 86; id. Or. 14, 46.—

Rarely as subject (mostly representing a subject-clause):

sic commodius esse arbitror quam manere hanc (sic = abire),

Ter. Phorm. 5, 3, 31:

si sic (= hoc) est factum, erus damno auctus est,

id. Heaut. 4, 1, 15: Pe. Quid? Concidit? Mi. Sic suspicio est (= eam concidisse), Plaut. Ep. 3, 4, 57:

mihi sic est usus (= sic agere),

Ter. Heaut. 1, 1, 28:

sic opus est (= hoc facere),

Ov. M. 1, 279; 2, 785.—

To express relations other than manner (rare).

Of consequence; un der these circumstances, accordingly, hence:

sic Numitori ad supplicium Remus deditur,

Liv. 1, 5, 4:

sic et habet quod uterque eorum habuit, et explevit quod utrique defuit,

Cic. Brut. 42, 154:

sic victam legem esse, nisi caveant,

Liv. 4, 11, 5:

suavis mihi ructus est. Sic sine modo,

Plaut. Ps. 5, 2, 17. —

Of condition; on this condition, if this be done, etc.:

reliquas illius anni pestes recordamini, sic enim facillime perspicietis, etc.,

Cic. Sest. 25, 55: displiceas aliis;

sic ego tutus ero (sic = si displicebis),

Tib. 4, 13, 6:

Scironis media sic licet ire via (sic = si amantes eunt),

Prop. 4, 15 (3, 16), 12:

sic demum lucos Stygios Aspicies (= non aspicies, nisi hoc facies),

Verg. A. 6, 154 (for sic as antecedent of si, v. infra, IV. 5).—

Of intensity:

non latuit scintilla ingenii: sic erat in omni sermone sollers (= tam sollers erat ut non lateret ingenium),

Cic. Rep. 2, 21, 37; cf. infra, IV. 4.

Referring to a subsequent sentence, thus, as follows, in the following manner (= hoc modo, hoc pacto, hujusmodi, ad hunc modum):

ingressus est sic loqui Scipio: Catonis hoc senis est, etc.,

Cic. Rep. 2, 1, 1 (cf.:

tum Varro ita exorsus est,

id. Ac. 1, 4, 15): hunc inter pugnas Servilius sic compellat, etc., Enn. ap. Gell. 12, 4, 4 (Ann. v. 256 Vahl.):

puero sic dicit pater: Noster esto,

Plaut. Bacch. 3, 3, 38:

sic faciam: adsimulabo quasi quam culpam in sese admiserint,

id. Stich. 1, 2, 27 dub.:

salem candidum sic facito: amphoram puram impleto, etc.,

Cato, R. R. 88: sic enim dixisti:

Vidi ego tuam lacrimulam,

Cic. Planc. 31, 76:

res autem se sic habet: composite et apte sine sententiis dicere insania est,

the truth is this, id. Or. 71, 236:

sic loquere, sic vive: vide, ne te ulla res deprimat,

Sen. Ep. 10, 4; cf. id. ib. 10, 1; Cato, R. R. 77 sqq.; Plaut. Poen. 1, 2, 177; Ter. Phorm. prol. 13; Auct. Her. 4, 6, 9; 4, 21, 29; 4, 4, 30; Cic. [p. 1691] Inv. 1, 39, 71; id. Or. 1, 45, 198; 2, 40, 167; 2, 40, 172; id. Att. 2, 22, 1; 5, 1, 3; 6, 1, 3; Verg. A. 1, 521.—

Esp., with ellipsis of predicate:

ego sic: diem statuo, etc. (sc. ago),

Cic. Att. 6, 1, 16.—Sometimes sic introduces detached words: sic loqui nosse, judicasse vetant, novisse jubent et judicavisse (= they forbid to say nosse, etc.), Cic. Or. 47, 157.—

For instance (= hoc modo, hoc pacto, ut hoc, verbi gratia, ut si; cf. Cic. Inv. 1, 49, 91 sq. infra):

disjunctum est, cum unumquodque certo concluditur verbo,

Auct. Her. 4, 27, 37:

mala definitio est... cum aliquid non grave dicit, sic: Stultitia est immensa gloriae cupiditas,

Cic. Inv. 1, 49, 91.

As a local demonstrative, thus, so, etc. (deiktikôs; colloq.;

mostly comice): ne hunc ornatum vos meum admiremini, quod ego processi sic cum servili schema,

as you see me now, Plaut. Am. prol. 117:

sed amictus sic hac ludibundus incessi,

id. Ps. 5, 1, 31:

nec sic per totam infamis traducerer urbem,

Prop. 2, 24 (3, 18), 7:

sic ad me, miserande, redis?

Ov. M. 11, 728; cf. Plaut. Ps. 5, 2, 4.—So accompanied with a corresponding gesture:

Quid tu igitur sic hoc digitulis duobus sumebas primoribus?

Plaut. Bacch. 4, 4, 25: Pe. Quid si curram? Tr. Censeo. Pe. An sic potius placide? (the speaker imitating the motion), id. Rud. 4, 8, 10:

non licet te sic placidule bellam belle tangere?

id. ib. 2, 4, 12:

quod non omnia sic poterant conjuncta manere,

Lucr. 5, 441.—

Here belong the phrases sic dedero, sic dabo, sic datur, expressing a threat of revenge, or satisfaction at another's misfortune: sic dedero! aere militari tetigero lenunculum,

I will give it to him, Plaut. Poen. 5, 5, 6; id. As. 2, 4, 33:

sic dabo!

Ter. Phorm. 5, 9, 38:

doletne? hem, sic datur si quis erum servos spernit,

Plaut. Ps. 1, 2, 21:

sic furi datur,

id. Stich. 5, 5, 25; so id. Men. 4, 2, 46.—Referring to an act just performed by the speaker:

sic deinde quicunque alius transiliet moenia mea (= sic pereat, quicunque deinde, etc.),

Liv. 1, 7, 2:

sic eat quaecunque Romana lugebit hostem,

so will every one fare who, id. 1, 26, 5:

sic... Cetera sit fortis castrorum turba tuorum (= sic ut interfeci te),

Ov. M. 12, 285.—So with a comp.-clause expressed:

sic stratas legiones Latinorum dabo, quemadmodum legatum jacentem videtis,

Liv. 8, 6, 6; cf. id. 1, 24, 8 (v. IV. 1. infra).

As correlative, with, 1. A comparative clause (sic far more frequent than ita); 2. A contrasted clause, mostly with ut; 3. A modal clause, with ut (ita more freq. than sic); 4. A clause expressing intensity, introduced by ut; 5. A conditional clause (rare; ita more freq.); 6. With a reason, introduced by quia (ante-class. and very rare); 7. With an inf. clause; 8. With ut, expressing purpose or result.

With comp. clauses, usu. introduced by ut, but also by quemadmodum (very freq.), sicut, velut, tamquam, quasi, quomodo, quam (rare and poet.), ceu (rare; poet. and post-class.), quantus (rare and poet.), qualis (ante-class. and rare).

With ut:

ut cibi satietas subamara aliqua re relevatur, sic animus defessus audiendi admiratione redintegratur,

Cic. Inv. 1, 17, 25:

ut non omnem frugem, neque arborem in omni agro reperire possis, sic non omne facinus in omni vita nascitur,

id. Rosc. Am. 27, 75:

ex suo regno sic Mithridates profugit ut ex eodem Ponto Medea quondam profugisse dicitur,

id. Imp. Pomp. 9, 22:

ut tu nunc de Coriolano, sic Clitarchus de Themistocle finxit,

id. Brut. 11, 42:

sic moneo ut filium, sic faveo ut mihi, sic hortor ut et pro patria et amicissimum,

id. Fam. 10, 5, 3:

ut vita, sic oratione durus fuit,

id. Brut. 31, 117:

de Lentulo sic fero ut debeo,

id. Att. 4, 6, 1:

sic est ut narro tibi,

Plaut. Most. 4, 3, 40; Cic. Inv. 2, 8, 28; id. Div. 2, 30, 93; id. de Or. 1, 33, 153; 3, 51, 198; Liv. 1, 47, 2; 2, 52, 7; Ov. M. 1, 495; 1, 539; 2, 165 et saep.—So in the formula ut quisque... sic (more freq. ita), rendered by according as, or the more... the...:

ut quisque rem accurat suam, sic ei procedunt postprincipia denique,

Plaut. Pers. 4, 1, 3:

ut quaeque res est tur pissima, sic maxime et maturissime vindicanda est,

Cic. Caecin. 2, 7; v. Fischer, Gr. II. p. 751.—

With quemadmodum: quemadmodum tibicen sine tibiis canere, sic orator, nisi multitudine audiente, eloquens esse non potest, Cic. Or. 2, 83, 338:

quemadmodum se tribuni gessissent in prohibendo dilectu, sic patres in lege prohibenda gerebant,

Liv. 3, 11, 3:

sic vestras hallucinationes fero, quemadmodum Juppiter ineptias poetarum,

Sen. Vit. Beat. 26, 6; cf. Cic. Inv. 1, 23, 33; 2, 8, 28; 2, 27, 82; id. Or. 3, 52, 200; id. Lael. 4, 16; id. Rosc. Com. 1, 2; id. Q. Fr. 1, 1, 5; Liv. 2, 13, 8; 5, 3, 8; Sen. Ep. 5, 6 (bis); id. Clem. 1, 3, 5; id. Vit. Beat. 23, 4.—

With sicut:

tecum simul, sicut ego pro multis, sic ille pro Appio dixit,

Cic. Brut. 64, 230; 46, 112; id. Or. 2, 44, 186; id. Clu. 2; Caes. B. G. 6, 30; Liv. 4, 57, 11; 7, 13, 8; Sen. Vit. Beat. 9, 2.—

With velut:

velut ipse in re trepida se sit tutatus, sic consulem loca tutiora castris cepisse,

Liv. 4, 41, 6; cf. Cic. Tusc. 1, 10, 20; Verg. A. 1, 148; Ov. M. 4, 375; 4, 705.—

With tamquam:

tamquam litteris in cera, sic se ajebat imaginibus quae meminisse vellet, perscribere,

Cic. Or. 2, 88, 360:

quid autem ego sic adhuc egi, tamquam integra sit causa patriciorum?

Liv. 10, 8:

sic Ephesi fui, tamquam domi meae,

Cic. Fam. 13, 69, 1; cf. id. Or. 2, 42, 180; id. Brut. 18, 71; 58, 213; 66, 235; 74, 258; id. Q. Fr. 1, 1, 16; 2, 14, 1; id. Prov. Cons. 12, 31; Sen. Ep. 101, 7.—

With quasi:

hujus innocentiae sic in hac calamitosa fama, quasi in aliqua perniciosissima flamma subvenire,

Cic. Clu. 1, 4:

ea sic observabo quasi intercalatum non sit,

id. Att. 6, 1, 12:

Quid tu me sic salutas quasi dudum non videris?

Plaut. Am. 2, 2, 51; cf. Cic. Or. 2, 11, 47; id. Inv. 1, 3, 4; id. Sen. 8, 26:

ego sic vivam quasi sciam, etc.,

Sen. Vit. Beat. 20, 3.—

With quomodo:

quomodo nomen in militiam non daret debilis, sic ad iter quod inhabile sciat, non accedet,

Sen. Ot. Sap. 3 (30), 4:

sic demus quomodo vellemus accipere,

id. Ben. 2, 1, 1; id. Ep. 9, 17; id. Ot. Sap. 6, 2 (32 med.); Cael. ap. Cic. Fam. 8, 4, 4.—

With ceu:

ceu cetera nusquam Bella forent... sic Martem indomitum Cernimus,

Verg. A. 2, 438.—

With quam:

non sic incerto mutantur flamine Syrtes, quam cito feminea non constat foedus in ira,

Prop. 2, 9, 33; Claud. IV. Cons. Hon. 281.—

With quantus:

nec sic errore laetatus Ulixes... nec sic Electra... quanta ego collegi gaudia,

Prop. 2, 14 (3, 6), 5 sqq.—

With qualis:

imo sic condignum donum quali'st quoi dono datum est,

Plaut. Am. 1, 3, 40.—

Without a correlative particle, in an independent sentence:

Quis potione uti aut cibo dulci diutius potest? sic omnibus in rebus voluptatibus maximis fastidium finitimum est (= ut nemo cibo dulci uti diutius potest, sic, etc.),

Cic. Or. 3, 25, 100; cf. id. ib. 19, 63.—

In contrasted clauses, mostly with ut, which may generally be rendered while: ut ad bella suscipienda Gallorum acer ac promptus est animus, sic mollis ad calamitates perferendas mens eorum est (almost = etsi ad bella suscipienda... tamen mollis est, etc., while, etc.), Caes. B. G. 3, 19: a ceteris oblectationibus ut deseror, sic litteris sustentor et recreor, while I am deserted, I am sustained, etc., Cic. Att. 4, 10, 1; cf. id. Rosc. Am. 18, 55; id. Fam. 10, 20, 2; Liv. 4, 57, 11; Ov. M. 4, 131; 11, 76.—So freq. two members of the same sentence are coordinated by ut... sic (ita) with almost the same force as a co-ordination by cum... tum, or by sed:

consul, ut fortasse vere, sic parum utiliter in praesens certamen respondit (= vere fortasse, sed parum utiliter),

Liv. 4, 6, 2:

ut nondum satis claram victoriam, sic prosperae spei pugnam imber diremit,

id. 6, 32, 6:

(forma erat) ut non cygnorum, sic albis proxima cygnis,

Ov. M. 14, 509; cf. Liv. 1, 27, 2; 5, 38, 2; 6, 6, 10; Ov. M. 1, 370.—In this use etiam or quoque is sometimes joined with sic (never by Cic. with ita):

nostri sensus, ut in pace semper, sic tum etiam in bello congruebant (= cum... tum),

Cic. Marcell. 6, 16:

ut sunt, sic etiam nominantur senes,

id. Sen. 6, 20:

utinam ut culpam, sic etiam suspitionem vitare potuisses,

id. Phil. 1, 13, 33:

ut superiorum aetatum studia occidunt, sic occidunt etiam senectutis,

id. Sen. 20, 76:

ut voce, sic etiam oratione,

id. Or. 25, 85; id. Top. 15, 59; id. Leg. 2, 25, 62; id. Lael. 5, 19.—More rarely with quem ad modum, quomodo:

ut, quem ad modum est, sic etiam appelletur tyrannus,

Cic. Att. 10, 4, 2:

quo modo ad bene vivendum, sic etiam ad beate,

id. Tusc. 3, 17, 37. —

With a clause of manner introduced by ut = so that:

sic fuimus semper comparati ut hominum sermonibus quasi in aliquod judicium vocaremur,

Cic. Or. 3, 9, 32:

eam sic audio ut Plautum mihi aut Naevium videar audire,

id. ib. 3, 12, 45:

sic agam vobiscum ut aliquid de vestris vitiis audiatis,

id. ib. 3, 12, 46:

omnia sic suppetunt ut ei nullam deesse virtutem oratoris putem,

id. Brut. 71, 250:

omnis pars orationis esse debet laudabilis, sic ut verbum nullum excidat,

id. Or. 36, 125:

sic tecum agam ut vel respondendi vel interpellandi potestatem faciam,

id. Rosc. Am. 27, 73:

nec vero sic erat umquam non paratus Milo contra illum ut non satis fere esset paratus,

id. Mil. 21, 56:

sic eum eo de re publica disputavit ut sentiret sibi cum viro forti esse pugnandum,

id. Fam. 5, 2, 8; cf. Plaut. As. 2, 4, 49; id. Mil. 2, 2, 82; Cic. de Or. 1, 57, 245; 2, 1, 3; 2, 6, 23; id. Brut. 22, 88; 40, 148; id. Sest. 40, 87; id. Planc. 10, 25; id. Fam. 5, 15, 4; Caes. B. G. 2, 32; 5, 17; id. B. C. 3, 56; Prop. 1, 21, 5.—Sometimes the correlative clause is restrictive, and sic = but so, yet so, only so:

mihi sic placuit ut cetera Antisthenis, hominis acuti magis quam eruditi,

Cic. Att. 12, 38, 4:

sic conveniet reprehendi, ut demonstretur etc.,

id. Inv. 1, 46, 86; id. Brut. 79, 274; id. Marcell. 11, 34; id. Att. 13, 3, 1 (ita is more freq. in this sense).—

With a clause expressing intensity (so both with adjj. and verbs; but far less freq. than ita, tam, adeo), to such a degree, so, so far, etc.:

sic ego illum in timorem dabo, ipse sese ut neget esse eum qui siet,

Plaut. Ps. 4, 1, 20 sq.:

conficior lacrimis sic ut ferre non possim,

Cic. Fam. 14, 4, 1:

sic rem fuisse apertam ut judicium fieri nihil attinuerit,

id. Inv. 2, 28, 84:

cujus responso judices sic exarserunt ut capitis hominem innocentissimum condemnarent,

id. Or. 1, 54, 233; cf. id. ib. 3, 8, 29; id. Brut. 88, 302; id. Or. 53, 177; 55, 184; id. Rep. 2, 21, 37; 3, 9, 15; id. Lael. 1, 4; id. Planc. 8, 21; id. Verr. 1, 36, 91; id. Balb. 5, 13; id. Att. 1, 8, 2; 1, 16, 1; Caes. B. G. 6, 41; Hor. S. 2, 3, 1.—

Rarely conditional clauses have the antecedent sic.

Poet. and in post-Aug. prose, to represent the result of the condition as sure:

sic invidiam effugies, si te non ingesseris oculis, si bona tua non jactaveris, si scieris in sinu gaudere,

Sen. Ep. 105, 3:

sic hodie veniet si qua negavit heri,

Prop. 2, 14 (3, 6), 20.—

Denoting with the proviso that, but only if (usu. ita):

decreverunt ut cum populus regem jussisset, id sic ratum esset si patres auctores fuissent,

that the choice should be valid, but only if the Senate should ratify it, Liv. 1, 17, 9:

sic ignovisse putato Me tibi si cenes hodie mecum,

Hor. Ep. 1, 7, 69.—

Sic quia = idcirco quia (very rare): Th. Quid vos? Insanin' estis? Tr. Quidum? Th. Sic quia foris ambulatis, Plaut. Most. 2, 2, 20.—

With inf. clause (freq.):

sic igitur sentio, naturam primum atque ingenium ad dicendum vim afferre maximam,

Cic. Or. 1, 25, 113:

sic a majoribus nostris accepimus, praetorem quaestori suo parentis loco esse oportere,

id. Div. in Caecil. 19, 61:

ego sic existimo, in summo imperatore quattuor res inesse oportere,

id. Imp. Pomp. 10, 38; cf. Ter. Hec. 5, 4, 5; Cic. Inv. 2, 55, 167; id. de Or. 1, 20, 93; 2, 28, 122; id. Brut. 36, 138; 41, 152; id. Div. in Caecil. 3, 10; id. Verr. 1, 7, 20; Liv. 5, 15, 11.—Esp., after sic habeto (habe, habeas) = scito (only Ciceron.):

sic habeto, in eum statum tuum reditum incidere ut, etc.,

Cic. Fam. 2, 3, 1; so id. ib. 1, 7, 3; 2, 6, 5; 2, 10, 1; 7, 18, 1; 9, 16, 2; id. Att. 2, 25, 1; 5, 1, 5; 5, 20, 1 et saep.—

With ut, expressing purpose or result:

nunc sic faciam, sic consilium est, ad erum ut veniam docte atque astu,

Plaut. Rud. 4, 2, 23:

ab Ariobarzane sic contendi ut talenta, quae mihi pollicebatur, illi daret,

Cic. Att. 6, 1, 3:

sic accidit ut ex tanto navium numero nulla omnino navis... desideraretur,

Caes. B. G. 5, 23; cf. Cato, R. R. 1, 1; Cic. Att. 8, 1, 4; id. Or. 2, 67, 271.

Idiomatic usages of sic.

In a wish, expressed as a conclusion after an imperative ( poet.):

parce: sic bene sub tenera parva quiescat humo (= si parces, bene quiescat),

Tib. 2, 6, 30:

annue: sic tibi sint intonsi, Phoebe, capilli,

id. 2, 5, 121:

pone, precor, fastus... Sic tibi nec vernum nascentia frigus adurat Poma, nec excutiant rapidi florentia venti,

Ov. M. 14, 762: dic [p. 1692] mihi de nostra quae sentis vera puella:

Sic tibi sint dominae, Lygdame, dempta juga,

Prop. 4, 5, 1; Tib. 2, 6, 30.—The imperative may follow the clause with sic:

sic tua Cyrneas fugiant examina taxos... Incipe (sc. cantare) si quid habes (= si incipies cantare, opto tibi ut tua examina, etc.),

Verg. E. 9, 30:

sic tibi (Arethusa) Doris amara suam non intermisceat undam: Incipe (= si incipies, opto tibi ut Doris, etc.),

id. ib. 10, 4:

sic mare compositum, sic sit tibi piscis in unda Credulus... Dic ubi sit,

Ov. M. 8, 857; Sen. Troad. 702; cf.:

sic te Diva potens Cypri... Ventorumque regat pater, Navis... Reddas incolumem Vergilium (= si tu, navis, reddes Vergilium, prosperum precor tibi cursum),

Hor. C. 1, 3, 1; cf.

also: sic venias hodierne: tibi dem turis honores (=si venies, tibi dem),

Tib. 1, 7, 53; cf. Ov. H. 3, 135; 4, 148.—

Sic (like ita) with ut in strong asseveration ( poet.):

sic me di amabunt, ut me tuarum miseritum'st fortunarum (= by the love of the gods, I pity, etc.),

Ter. Heaut. 3, 1, 54:

Diespiter me sic amabit ut ego hanc familiam interire cupio,

Plaut. Poen. 4, 2, 47:

sic has deus aequoris artes Adjuvet, ut nemo jamdudum littore in isto constitit,

Ov. M. 8, 866:

sic mihi te referas levis, ut non altera nostro limine intulit ulla pedes,

Prop. 1, 18, 11; cf. id. 3, 15 (4, 14), 1; cf.:

vera cano, sic usque sacras innoxia laurus vescar,

Tib. 2, 5, 63.—

In a demonstrative temporal force, like the Gr. houtôs, so, as the matter stands now, as it now is, as it then was, etc.

In gen.:

e Graecis cavendae sunt quaedam familiaritates, praeter hominum perpaucorum, si qui sunt vetere Graecia digni. Sic vero fallaces sunt permulti et leves,

but as things now stand, Cic. Q. Fr. 1, 1, 5, § 16:

at sic citius qui te expedias his aerumnis reperias,

Ter. Hec. 3, 1, 8: Pe. Pol tibi istuc credo nomen actutum fore. Tr. Dum interea sic sit, istuc actutum sino, provided it be as it is, Plaut. Most. 1, 1, 71:

quotiens hoc tibi ego interdixi, meam ne sic volgo pollicitarere operam,

thus, as you are doing now, id. Mil. 4, 2, 65:

si utrumvis tibi visus essem, Non sic ludibrio tuis factis habitus essem,

Ter. Hec. 4, 1, 11:

non sic nudos in flumen deicere (voluerunt),

naked, as they are, Cic. Rosc. Am. 26, 71:

sub alta platano... jacentes sic temere,

Hor. C. 2, 11, 14.—Esp., with sine and abl.:

me germanam meam sororem tibi sic sine dote dedisse,

so as she is, without a dowry, Plaut. Trin. 3, 2, 65:

sic sine malo,

id. Rud. 3, 5, 2:

at operam perire meam sic... perpeti nequeo,

without result, id. Trin. 3, 2, 34 Ritschl, Fleck. (Brix omits sic): nec sic de nihilo fulminis ira cadit (= without cause), Prop. 2, 16 (3, 8), 52: mirabar hoc si sic abiret, so, i. e. without trouble, Ter. And. 1, 2, 4:

hoc non poterit sic abire,

Cic. Fin. 5, 3, 7; so,

sic abire,

id. Att. 14, 1, 1; Cat. 14, 16; Plaut. Men. 5, 7, 39. —Hence,

With imperatives, esp. with sine: Quid ego hoc faciam postea? sic sine eumpse, just let him alone, i. e. leave him as he is, Plaut. Most. 1, 4, 32:

si non vult (numerare), sic sine adstet,

id. As. 2, 4, 54:

sine fores sic, abi,

let the door alone, id. Men. 2, 3, 1; so id. Cas. 3, 6, 36; id. Ps. 1, 5, 62.—

Pregn., implying a concession (= kai houtôs), even as it is now, even without doing so, in spite of it:

nolo bis iterare, sat sic longae fiunt fabulae,

narratives are long enough anyhow, as they are, without saying them twice over, Plaut. Ps. 1, 3, 154:

sed sic quoque erat tamen Acis,

even as it was, in spite of what has been said, Ov. M. 13, 896; so,

sic quoque fallebat,

id. ib. 1, 698:

sed sic me et libertatis fructu privas et diligentiae,

anyhow, not taking into account what is mentioned, Cic. Fam. 5, 20, 4: exhibeas molestiam si quid debeam, qui nunc sic tam es molestus, who art so troublesome even as it is, i. e. without my owing you any thing, Plaut. Pers. 2, 44:

sic quoque parte plebis affecta, fides tamen publica potior senatui fuit,

Liv. 7, 27; cf. Ov. F. 2, 642; Suet. Aug. 78.—

Ellipt., referring to something in the mind of the speaker:

Quod si hoc nunc sic incipiam? Nihil est. Quod si sic? Tantumdem egero. At sic opinor? Non potest,

Ter. Heaut. 4, 2, 8: illa quae aliis sic, aliis secus videntur, to some in one way, to others in another (= aliis aliter), Cic. Leg. 1, 17, 47: Quid vini absumpsit! Sic hoc dicens, asperum hoc est, aliud lenius, = this wine is so (the speaker not saying what he thinks of it), Ter. Heaut. 3, 1, 49: deinde quod illa (quae ego dixi) sive faceta sunt, sive sic, fiunt narrante te venustissima, or so, i. e. or otherwise, Cic. Fam. 15, 21, 2:

monitorem non desiderabit qui dicat, Sic incede, sic cena... sic amico utere, sic cive, sic socio,

Sen. Ep. 114.—

In answers, yes = the French, Italian, and Spanish si (ante - class. and rare): Ph. Phaniam relictam ais? Ge. Sic, Ter. Phorm. 2, 2, 2: De. Illa maneat? Ch. Sic, id. ib. 5, 3, 30: Ch. Sicine est sententia? Me. Sic, id. Heaut. 1, 1, 114.

cūr (old orthog. quor; cf. Vel. Long. p. 2236 P.; and in MSS. sometimes cor, v. Lachm. ad Lucr. II. p. 171 sq.), adv. [contr. from quare; cf. Vel. Long. p. 2231 P. and the letter C; acc. to Voss, Etym. s. h. v.; Analog. 4, 21, and Hand, Turs. II. p. 175, from cui rei; cf.:

quoi rei,

Plaut. Poen. 2, 33 ], = quam ob rem, for what reason, wherefore, why, to what purpose, from what motive.

Rel.:

duae causae sunt, cur tu frequentior in isto officio esse debeas quam nos,

Cic. Fam. 15, 20, 2; so,

causae, cur,

Quint. 11, 3, 16; and:

ea causa, cur,

id. 2, 3, 11:

non fuit causa, cur,

Cic. Rosc. Com. 16, 49; cf. id. Clu. 61, 169; so,

causa non esset, cur,

id. N. D. 3, 4, 9:

causa nulla est, cur,

id. Rosc. Am. 50, 146; id. de Or. 2, 45, 189:

nihil est causae, cur,

Quint. 11, 3, 59:

quae causa est, cur? etc.,

Cic. Lael. 13, 48:

quid est causae, cur, etc.,

id. Fl. 2, 5; id. de Or. 3, 48, 185; id. Fam. 2, 13, 2:

negare et adferre rationem cur negarent,

id. ib. 6, 8, 1:

id satis magnum esse argumentum dixisti, cur esse deos confiteremur,

id. N. D. 1, 23, 62;

so after argumenta,

id. ib. 3, 4, 10; id. Div. 1, 3, 5:

est vero cur quis Junonem laedere nolit,

Ov. M. 2, 518;

and with a negative: neque est, cur, etc.,

Plaut. Stich. 1, 1, 51:

non tamen est, cur,

Ov. H. 10, 144.- -And in dependent questions:

quid est, cur tu in isto loco sedeas?

Cic. Clu. 53, 147; id. Fin. 1, 10, 34; Liv. 21, 43, 12 et saep.:

ne cui sit vestrum mirum, cur, etc.,

Ter. Heaut. prol. 1 al.:

miror, cur me accusas,

Cic. Fam. 7, 27, 1; 5, 12, 30; id. Phil. 2, 20, 49 (v. miror, admiror, etc.):

quā in re primum illud reprehendo et accuso, cur, etc.,

Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 7, § 16:

quod me saepe accusas, cur hunc meum casum tam graviter feram,

id. Att. 3, 13, 2; 3, 12, 1; id. Sest. 37, 80; Hor. C. 1, 33, 3:

consules invasit, cur silerent,

Tac. A. 6, 4.—

Pregn., = cujus causā, propter quod, on account of which, by reason of which:

quid ergo accidit, cur consilium mutarem?

Cic. Fam. 2, 16, 10:

quid obstat, cur non verae fiant,

Ter. And. 1, 1, 76:

fecerit aliquid Philippus, cur adversus eum... hoc decerneremus: quid Perseus meruit... cur soli omnium hostes ei simus?

Liv. 41, 24, 11 Weissenb. ad loc.:

Caedicius negare, se commissurum, cur sibi... quisquam imperium finiret,

id. 5, 46, 6; 10, 18, 14; Suet. Calig. 15; Ov. Am. 1, 3, 2:

quid Aristides commisisset, cur tantā poenā dignus duceretur,

Nep. Arist. 1, 3:

multa quidem dixi, cur excusatus abirem,

Hor. Ep. 1, 9, 7.—

Interrog.: Ag. Quor mi haec irata est? Mi. Quor haec irata est tibi? Quor ego id curem? Plaut. Poen. 1, 2, 143 sq.:

quor perdis adulescentem nobis? quor amat? Quor potat?

Ter. Ad. 1, 1, 36 sq.; cf.:

quid agis? quor te is perditum?

id. And. 1, 1, 107:

quor non introëo in nostram domum?

Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 253; Cic. Fam. 2, 18, 3:

quorsum tan dem, aut cur ista quaeris?

id. Leg. 1, 1, 4: Er. Jube tibi agnum huc adferri propere pinguem. He. Quor? Er. Ut sacrufices, Plaut. Capt. 4, 2, 82: Me. Non possum. Ch. Quor non? Ter. Heaut. 1, 1, 111:

cur ego plebeios magistratus... video, etc.,

Liv. 2, 34, 9; 6, 15, 12.—In the poets sometimes placed after one or more words of a clause:

stratege noster, quor hic cessat cantharus?

Plaut. Stich. 5, 4, 28:

obsequium ventris mihi perniciosius est cur?

Hor. S. 2, 7, 104; 2, 3, 187.—

Esp.

Pregn.

Implying censure, indignation, remonstrance, etc.:

quor id aussu's facere?

Plaut. Ps. 1, 3, 114:

cur es ausus subigitare, etc.,

id. Mil. 5, 9; id. Men. 3, 2, 28:

sed quid ego? quor me excrucio? quor me macero?

Ter. And. 5, 3, 15:

cur imperium illi, aut cur illo modo prorogatum est,

Cic. Att. 7, 3, 4; id. Div. 2, 30, 65:

cur me querelis exanimas tuis?

Hor. C. 2, 17, 1.—

Implying grief, sorrow, and, with negatives, desire, etc.: eheu me miserum, quor non aut istaec mihi Aetas et formast, etc., Ter. Hec. 1, 1, 17:

heu me miserum, cur senatum cogor reprehendere?

Cic. Phil. 7, 4, 14; id. Fam. 2, 7, 5; id. Att. 2, 19, 1:

cur ego tecum non sum?

id. ib. 16, 6, 2.—

With potential subj., in excusing, deprecating censure, etc.:

quor ego apud te mentiar?

Plaut. Poen. 1, 1, 24; id. Most. 2, 2, 24:

cur hunc tam temere quisquam ab officio discessurum judicaret?

Caes. B. G. 1, 40: pro urbis salute, cur non omnibus facultatibus, quas habemus, utamur, Planc. ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 23, 15; Cic. Cael. 29, 68 al.—

Emphatic after si, cum, etc., implying a logical conclusion:

tum id si falsum fuerat, filius quor non refellit?

Ter. Phorm. 2, 3, 53:

nam, si res publica defenditur, cur ea consule isto ipso defensa non est?

Cic. Att. 7, 3, 4; cf.:

fac esse distentam... cur tam multos deos nihil agere patitur?

id. N. D. 3, 39, 93:

cur autem quidquam ignoraret animus hominis, si esset deus?

id. ib. 1, 11, 28; Nep. Eum. 11, 4; Ov. F. 1, 257.—

Strengthened by particles of inference: nam, enim, igitur, etc.: Am. Pestis te tenet. So. Nam quor istuc Dicis? Plaut. Am. 2, 1, 31:

nam cur me miseram verberas?

id. Aul. 1, 1, 3:

quor simulas igitur?

Ter. And. 1, 1, 21:

cur enim, inquies, etc.,

Cic. Ac. 2, 17, 55; Suet. Calig. 34; id. Claud. 4; v. Hand, Turs. II. pp. 175- 183.

grăvis, e, adj. [Sanscr. gurus (root gar-); Gr. barus, heavy; gravis, for gar-uis; cf. also Brutus]. With respect to weight, heavy, weighty, ponderous, burdensome; or pass., loaded, laden, burdened (opp. levis, light; in most of its significations corresp. to the Gr. barus; cf. onerosus, onerarius).

Lit. Absol. or with abl.

In gen.: imber et ignis, spiritus et gravis terra, Enn. ap. Varr. L. L. 7, § 37 Müll.; so,

tellus,

Ov. M. 7, 355:

corpora,

Lucr. 2, 225 sq.; cf. id. 5, 450 sq.:

limus,

id. 5, 496:

in eo etiam cavillatus est, aestate grave esse aureum amiculum, hieme frigidum,

Cic. N. D. 3, 34, 83:

navigia,

Caes. B. G. 5, 8, 4; cf.:

tot ora navium gravi Rostrata duci pondere,

Hor. Epod. 4, 17:

cum gravius dorso (aselli) subiit onus,

id. S. 1, 9, 21:

sarcina,

id. Ep. 1, 13, 6: inflexi grave robur aratri, Verg. G. 1, 162:

cujus (tibicinae) Ad strepitum salias terrae gravis,

Hor. Ep. 1, 14, 26: terra, burdened (by the heavy body), Ov. M. 12, 118:

naves hostilibus spoliis graves,

heavily laden, Liv. 29, 35, 5; cf.:

agmen grave praedā,

id. 21, 5, 8;

for which also simply: grave agmen,

id. 31, 39, 2:

miles,

heavy-armed, Tac. A. 12, 35:

gravis aere dextra,

Verg. E. 1, 36:

cum fatalis equus saltu super ardua venit Pergama et armatum peditem gravis attulit alvo,

i. e. filled, full, id. A. 6, 516 (an imitation of Maximo saltu superavit Gravidus armatis equus, Enn. ap. Macr. S. 6, 2; v. gravidus, II. b):

graves imbre nubes,

Liv. 28, 15, 11:

graves fructu vites,

Quint. 8, 3, 8:

gravis vinculis,

Plin. Ep. 7, 27, 10.—

In partic.

With respect to value or number, heavy, great. So, aes grave, heavy money, money of the oldest standard, in which an as weighed a full pound: grave aes dictum a pondere, quia deni asses, singuli pondo libras, efficiebant denarium, etc., Paul. ex Fest. p. 98 Müll.:

et quia nondum argentum signatum erat, aes grave plaustris quidam (ex patribus) ad aerarium convehentes, etc.,

Liv. 4, 60, 6; 10, 46, 5; 22, 33, 2 et saep.:

populus Romanus ne argento quidem signato ante Pyrrhum regem devictum usus est: librales appendebantur asses. Quare aeris gravis poena dicta,

Plin. 33, 3, 13, § 42: argentum, i. e. uncoined = rude:

placet argentum grave rustici patris sine ullo opere et nomine artificis,

Sen. Tranq. 1, 4:

notavit aliquos, quod pecunias levioribus usuris mutuati graviore fenore collocassent,

at a higher rate, Suet. Aug. 39; cf.:

in graviore annona,

id. ib. 25: grave pretium, a high price, Sall. Fragm. ap. Non. 314, 25.—With respect to number: graves pavonum greges, great or numerous flocks, Varr. ap. Non. 314, 31. —

For the usual gravidus, with young, pregnant ( poet. and in post-Aug. prose):

regina sacerdos Marte gravis,

Verg. A. 1, 274; cf.

uterus (shortly after: gravidus tumet venter),

Ov. M. 10, 495:

balaenae utero graves (shortly before, gravidae),

Plin. 9, 6, 5, § 13.—

Transf.

Of hearing or sound, deep, grave, low, bass (opp. acutus, treble):

vocem ab acutissimo sono usque ad gravissimum sonum recipiunt,

Cic. de Or. 1, 59, 251; cf. id. ib. 3, 57, 216:

qui (sonus) acuta cum gravibus temperans, varios aequabiliter concentus efficit,

id. Rep. 6, 18:

vox,

Quint. 11, 3, 17; 42: sonus, 2, 8, 15; 5, 10, 125; 11, 3, 41; Ov. M. 12, 203:

tenor,

Quint. 1, 5, 26:

syllaba,

i. e. unaccented, id. 1, 5, 22 sq.; 12, 10, 33.—

Of smell or flavor, strong, unpleasant, offensive:

an gravis hirsutis cubet hircus in alis,

rank, Hor. Epod. 12, 5:

chelydri,

Verg. G. 3, 415:

ellebori,

id. ib. 3, 451:

odor calthae,

strong, Plin. 21, 6, 15, § 28; cf.:

herba odore suaviter gravi,

id. 25, 9, 70, § 118; cf.

117: habrotonum odore jucunde gravi floret,

id. 21, 10, 34, § 60: absynthium ut bibam gravem, i. e. bitter, Varr. ap. Non. 19, 27, and 314, 14.—

Of the state of the body or health, gross, indigestible, unwholesome, noxious, severe; sick:

(Cleanthes) negat ullum esse cibum tam gravem, quin is die et nocte concoquatur,

Cic. N. D. 2, 9, 24; so,

genera cibi graviora,

Cels. 2, 18:

gravissima bubula (caro),

id. ib.:

pisces gravissimi,

id. ib.:

neque ex salubri loco in gravem, neque ex gravi in salubrem transitus satis tutus est,

id. 1, 3; cf.:

solum caelumque juxta grave,

Tac. H. 5, 7:

solet esse gravis cantantibus umbra,

Verg. E. 10, 75:

anni tempore gravissimo et caloribus maximis,

Cic. Q. Fr. 2, 16, 1; cf.:

gravis auctumnus in Apulia circumque Brundisium ex saluberrimis Galliae et Hispaniae regionibus, omnem exercitum valetudine tentaverat,

Caes. B. C. 3, 2 fin.:

grave tempus et forte annus pestilens erat urbi agrisque,

Liv. 3, 6, 1; cf. also id. 3, 8, 1:

aestas,

Verg. G. 2, 377:

morbo gravis,

sick, id. ib. 3, 95; cf.:

gravis vulnere,

Liv. 21, 48, 4:

aetate et viribus gravior,

id. 2, 19, 6:

gravior de vulnere,

Val. Fl. 6, 65:

non insueta graves tentabunt pabula fetas,

sick, feeble, Verg. E. 1, 50; so absol.:

aut abit in somnum gravis,

heavy, languid, Lucr. 3, 1066.

Trop.

In a bad sense, heavy, burdensome, oppressive, troublesome, grievous, painful, hard, harsh, severe, disagreeable, unpleasant (syn.: molestus, difficilis, arduus): qui labores morte finisset graves, Poët. ap. Cic. Tusc. 1, 48, 115:

quod numquam tibi senectutem gravem esse senserim... quibus nihil est in ipsis opis ad bene beateque vivendum, iis omnis aetas gravis est,

Cic. de Sen. 2, 4; cf.:

onus officii,

id. Rosc. Am. 38, 112; id. Rep. 1, 23:

et facilior et minus aliis gravis aut molesta vita est otiosorum,

id. Off. 1, 21, 70; id. Rep. 1, 4:

miserior graviorque fortuna,

Caes. B. G. 1, 32, 4:

haec si gravia aut acerba videantur, multo illa gravius aestimare debere, etc.,

id. ib. 7, 14 fin.:

velim si tibi grave non erit, me certiorem facias,

Cic. Fam. 13, 73, 2:

grave est homini pudenti petere aliquid magnum,

id. Fam. 2, 6, 1; id. Att. 1, 5, 4:

est in populum Romanum grave, non posse, etc.,

id. Balb. 7, 24:

verbum gravius,

id. Verr. 2, 3, 58, § 134:

ne quid gravius in fratrem statueret... quod si quid ei a Caesare gravius accidisset, etc.,

Caes. B. G. 1, 20, 1 and 4:

gravissimum supplicium,

id. ib. 1, 31, 15:

habemus senatusconsultum in te, Catilina, vehemens et grave,

Cic. Cat. 1, 1, 3:

edictum,

Liv. 29, 21, 5:

gravioribus bellis,

Cic. Rep. 1, 40:

gravis esse alicui,

id. Fam. 13, 76, 2; cf.:

adversarius imperii,

id. Off. 3, 22, 86:

gravior hostis,

Liv. 10, 18, 6:

senes ad ludum adolescentium descendant, ne sint iis odiosi et graves,

Cic. Rep. 1, 43:

gravis popularibus esse coepit,

Liv. 44, 30, 5.—Prov.:

gravis malae conscientiae lux est,

Sen. Ep. 122.—

In a good sense, weighty, important, grave; with respect to character, of weight or authority, eminent, venerable, great:

numquam erit alienis gravis, qui suis se concinnat levem,

Plaut. Trin. 3, 2, 58:

quod apud omnes leve et infirmum est, id apud judicem grave et sanctum esse ducetur?

Cic. Rosc. Com. 2, 6:

ea (honestas) certe omni pondere gravior habenda est quam reliqua omnia,

id. Off. 3, 8, 35; id. Deiot. 2, 5:

cum gravibus seriisque rebus satisfecerimus,

id. ib. 1, 29, 103:

auctoritas clarissimi viri et in rei publicae maximis gravissimisque causis cogniti,

id. Fam. 5, 12, 7; cf. causa, Lucil. ap. Non. 315, 31; Quint. 1, 2, 3; Caes. B. C. 1, 44, 4:

gravius erit tuum unum verbum ad eam rem, quam centum mea,

Plaut. Trin. 2, 2, 107:

ut potentia senatus atque auctoritas minueretur: quae tamen gravis et magna remanebat,

Cic. Rep. 2, 34:

sententiis non tam gravibus et severis quam concinnis et venustis,

id. Brut. 95, 325:

gravior oratio,

id. de Or. 2, 56, 227:

nihil sibi gravius esse faciendum, quam ut, etc.,

id. Clu. 6, 16:

inceptis gravibus et magna professis,

Hor. A. P. 14:

exemplum grave praebet ales, etc.,

id. C. 4, 11, 26:

non tulit ullos haec civitas aut gloria clariores, aut auctoritate graviores, aut humanitate politiores,

Cic. de Or. 2, 37, 154:

et esse et videri omnium gravissimus et severissimus,

id. ib. 2, 56, 228:

homo prudens et gravis,

id. ib. 1, 9, 38:

neque oratio abhorrens a persona hominis gravissimi,

id. Rep. 1, 15 fin.:

auctor,

id. Pis. 6, 14:

testis,

id. Fam. 2, 2:

non idem apud graves viros, quod leviores (decet),

Quint. 11, 1, 45:

vir bonus et gravis,

id. 11, 3, 184:

gravissimi sapientiae magistri,

id. 12, 1, 36:

tum pietate gravem ac meritis si forte virum quem Conspexere,

Verg. A. 1, 151:

gravissima civitas,

Cic. Rep. 1, 3:

gravem atque opulentam civitatem vineis et pluteis cepit,

an important city, Liv. 34, 17, 12.— Hence, adv.: grăvĭter.

Weightily, heavily, ponderously (very rare):

aëra per purum graviter simulacra feruntur,

Lucr. 4, 302; cf.:

graviter cadere,

id. 1, 741; Ov. P. 1, 7, 49.—

Transf.

Of tones, deeply:

natura fert, ut extrema ex altera parte graviter, ex altera autem acute sonent,

Cic. Rep. 6, 18; Lucr. 4, 543.—Far more freq.,

Vehemently, strongly, violently:

graviter crepuerunt fores,

Ter. Heaut. 3, 3, 52; so,

spirantibus flabris,

Lucr. 6, 428; Ter. Ad. 5, 3, 2:

pertentat tremor terras,

Lucr. 6, 287:

ferire aliquem,

Verg. A. 12, 295:

conquassari omnia,

Lucr. 5, 105; cf.:

quae gravissime afflictae erant naves,

Caes. B. G. 4, 31, 2.—

Trop.

Vehemently, violently, deeply, severely; harshly, unpleasantly, disagreeably:

graviter aegrotare,

Cic. Off. 1, 10, 32:

se habere,

id. Att. 7, 2, 3:

neque is sum, qui gravissime ex vobis mortis periculo terrear,

Caes. B. G. 5, 30, 2:

gravissime dolere,

id. ib. 5, 54 fin.:

quem ego amarem graviter,

Plaut. Cist. 1, 1, 87; cf.: placere occoepit graviter, postquam est mortua, [p. 829] Caecil. ap. Non. 314, 19:

tibi edepol iratus sum graviter,

Ter. Hec. 4, 4, 2:

cives gravissime dissentientes,

Cic. Phil. 12, 11, 27:

si me meis civibus injuria suspectum tam graviter atque offensum viderem,

id. Cat. 1, 7, 17:

graviter angi,

id. Lael. 3, 10:

tulit hoc commune dedecus jam familiae graviter filius,

with chagrin, vexation, id. Clu. 6, 16; cf.:

graviter et acerbe aliquid ferre,

id. Verr. 2, 1, 58, § 152:

graviter accipere aliquid,

id. de Or. 2, 52, 211; Tac. A. 13, 36; cf.:

adolescentulus saepe eadem et graviter audiendo victus est,

Ter. Heaut. 1, 1, 62:

nolo in illum gravius dicere,

more harshly, id. Ad. 1, 2, 60; cf.:

de amplissimis viris gravissime acerbissimeque decernitur,

Caes. B. C. 1, 5, 4; id. B. G. 3, 16, 4; cf.

also: severe et graviter et prisce agere,

Cic. Cael. 14, 33:

ut non gravius accepturi viderentur, si nuntiarentur omnibus eo loco mortem oppetendam esse,

more sorrowfully, Liv. 9, 4, 6.—

In an impressive or dignified manner, impressively, gravely, seriously, with propriety or dignity:

his de rebus tantis tamque atrocibus neque satis me commode dicere neque satis graviter conqueri neque satis libere vociferari posse intelligo. Nam commoditati ingenium, gravitati aetas, libertati tempora sunt impedimento,

Cic. Rosc. Am. 4, 9:

(Scipio) utrumque egit graviter,

with dignity, id. Lael. 21, 77:

res gestas narrare graviter,

id. Or. 9, 30; cf.:

locum graviter et copiose tractare,

id. Fin. 4, 2, 5.