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1 биологическая обработка
биологическая обработка
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[ http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]EN
biological treatment
Process that uses microorganisms to decompose organic wastes either into water, carbon dioxide, and simple inorganic substances, or into simpler organic substances, such as aldehydes and acids. The purpose of a biological treatment system is to control the environment for microorganisms so that their growth and activity are enhanced, and provide a means for maintaining high concentration of the microorganisms in contact with the wastes. (Source: PARCOR)
[http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]Тематики
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Русско-французский словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > биологическая обработка
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2 биологическая утилизация отходов
биологическая утилизация отходов
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[ http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]EN
biological waste treatment
A generic term applied to processes that use microorganisms to decompose organic wastes either into water, carbon dioxide, and simple inorganic substances, such as aldehydes and acids. The purpose of biological waste treatment is to control either the environment for microorganisms so that their growth and activity are enhanced, and to provide a means for maintaining high concentrations of the microorganisms in contact with the wastes.
[http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]Тематики
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Русско-французский словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > биологическая утилизация отходов
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3 аэробиология
аэробиология
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[ http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]EN
aerobiology
The study of the atmospheric dispersal of airborne fungus spores, pollen grains, and microorganisms; and, more broadly, of airborne propagules of algae and protozoans, minute insects such as aphids, and pollution gases and particles which exert specific biologic effects. (Source: MGH)
[http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]Тематики
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Русско-французский словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > аэробиология
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4 биодеградация
биодеградация
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[ http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]EN
biodegradation
Breaking down of a substance by microorganisms. (Source: MGH)
[http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]Тематики
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Русско-французский словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > биодеградация
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5 биологическая очистка отработанного газа
биологическая очистка отработанного газа
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[ http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]EN
biological waste gas purification
Processes for removing impurities from waste gas based on the employing of microorganisms. (Source: BIOTGLa)
[http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]Тематики
EN
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Русско-французский словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > биологическая очистка отработанного газа
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6 биологически неразлагаемое загрязняющее вещество
биологически неразлагаемое загрязняющее вещество
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[ http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]EN
non-biodegradable pollutant
An organic compound, usually synthetic, that is not decomposed or mineralized by microorganisms or other biological processes. (Source: FFD)
[http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]Тематики
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Русско-французский словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > биологически неразлагаемое загрязняющее вещество
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7 биология почвы
биология почвы
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[ http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]EN
soil biology
The study of the living organisms, mainly microorganisms and microinvertebrates which live within the soil, and which are largely responsible for the decomposition processes vital to soil fertility. (Source: GILP96a)
[http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]Тематики
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Русско-французский словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > биология почвы
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8 биофильтр
биофильтр
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[ http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]EN
trickling filter
A system of secondary sewage treatment which is similar to self-purification action of streams; it is more accurately a biological oxidizing bed; the effluent is placed on the stones in the bed and microorganisms present consume the solids as a food supply. (Source: KOREN)
[http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]Тематики
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Русско-французский словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > биофильтр
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9 биохимическое вещество
биохимическое вещество
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[ http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]EN
biochemical substance
Chemical substances that occur in animals, microorganisms, and plants. (Source: GILP96a)
[http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]Тематики
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Русско-французский словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > биохимическое вещество
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10 водный микроорганизм
водный микроорганизм
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[ http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]EN
aquatic micro-organism
Microorganisms having a water habitat. (Source: MGH)
[http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]Тематики
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Русско-французский словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > водный микроорганизм
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11 дезинфицирующее средство
дезинфицирующее средство
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[ http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]EN
disinfectant
An agent, such as heat, radiation, or a chemical, that disinfects by destroying, neutralizing, or inhibiting the growth of disease-carrying microorganisms. (Source: AMHER)
[http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]Тематики
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Русско-французский словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > дезинфицирующее средство
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12 закисление почвы
закисление почвы
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[ http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]EN
soil acidification
A naturally occurring process in humid climates that has long been the subject of research, whose findings suggest acid precipitation effects. The generally accepted impact of soil acidification on the productivity of terrestrial plants is summarised as follows: as soil becomes more acidic the basic cations (Ca, Mg) on the soil exchange are replaced by hydrogen ions or solubilized metals. The basic cation, now in solution, can be leached through the soil. As time progresses the soil becomes less fertile and more acidic. Resultant decreases in soil pH cause reduced, less-active population of soil microorganisms, which in turn slow decomposition of plant residues and cycling of essential plant nutrients. (Source: PARCOR)
[http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]Тематики
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Русско-французский словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > закисление почвы
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13 замещение фосфата
замещение фосфата
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[ http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]EN
substitution of phosphate
Replacement of phosphate in detergents by environmentally safer substances, such as zeolite. The substitute will not act as a nutrient, and so will not cause eutrophication as a result of the accelerated growth of plants and microorganisms if it is released into waterways. (Source: WRIGHTa)
[http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]Тематики
EN
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Русско-французский словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > замещение фосфата
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14 замещение фосфатов
замещение фосфатов
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[ http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]EN
phosphate removal
Replacement of phosphate in detergents by environmentally safer substances, such as zeolite. The substitute will not act as a nutrient, and so will not cause eutrophication as a result of the accelerated growth of plants and microorganisms if it is released into waterways. (Source: WRIGHTa)
[http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]Тематики
EN
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Русско-французский словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > замещение фосфатов
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15 зараженная зона
зараженная зона
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[ http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]EN
contaminated area
Any site or region that is damaged, harmed or made unfit for use by the introduction of unwanted substances, particularly microorganisms, chemicals, toxic and radioactive materials and wastes. (Source: TOE / HMD)
[http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]Тематики
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Русско-французский словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > зараженная зона
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16 иммунология
иммунология
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[ http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]EN
immunology
A branch of biological science concerned with the native or acquired resistance of higher animal forms and humans to infection with microorganisms. (Source: MGH)
[http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]Тематики
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Русско-французский словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > иммунология
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17 манипулирование репродукцией
манипулирование репродукцией
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[ http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]EN
reproductive manipulation
The technology involved in altering in some prescribed way the genetic constitution of an organism. Typically "useful" genes, i.e. very short sequence of DNA, are isolated from one organism and inserted into the DNA of a bacterium of yeast. These microorganisms multiply rapidly and can be cultured easily, enabling large quantities of the gene product to be obtained. Reproductive manipulation has been used for the large-scale production of antibiotics, enzymes, and hormones (e.g. insulin). Organisms into which foreign DNA has been artificially inserted are called "transgenic organisms". (Source: UVAROV)
[http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]Тематики
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Русско-французский словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > манипулирование репродукцией
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18 мел
мел
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[ http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]EN
chalk
A soft, pure, earthy, fine-textured, usually white to light gray or buff limestone of marine origin, consisting almost wholly (90-99%) of calcite, formed mainly by shallow-water accumulation of calcareous tests of floating microorganisms (chiefly foraminifers) and of comminuted remains of calcareous algae (such as cocoliths and rhabdoliths), set in a structureless matrix of very finely crystalline calcite. The rock is porous, somewhat friable, and only slightly coherent. It may include the remains of bottom-dwelling forms (e.g. ammonites, echinoderms, and pelecypods), and nodules of chert and pyrite. The best known and most widespread chalks are of Cretaceous age, such as those exposed in cliffs on both sides of the English Channel. (Source: BJGEO)
[http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]Тематики
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Русско-французский словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > мел
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19 облучение продуктов питания
облучение продуктов питания
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[ http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]EN
food irradiation
The most recent addition to food preservation technologies is the use of ionizing radiation, which has some distinct advantages over conventional methods. With irradiation, foods can be treated after packaging, thus eliminating post-processing contamination. In addition, foods are preserved in a fresh state and can be kept longer without noticeable loss of quality. Food irradiation leaves no residues, and changes in nutritional value due to irradiation are comparable with those produced by other processes. Irradiation is the process of applying high energy to a material, such as food, to sterilize or extend its shelf-life by killing microorganisms, insects and other pests residing on it. Sources of ionizing radiation that have been used include gamma rays, electron beams and X-rays. Gamma rays are produced by radioactive isotopes such as Cobalt-60. Electron beams are produced by linear accelerators, which themselves are powered by electricity. The dose applied to a product is the most important factor of the process. At high doses, food is essentially sterilized, just as occurs in canning. Products so treated can be stored at room temperature almost indefinitely. Controversial and banned in some countries. (Source: IFSE / VCN)
[http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]Тематики
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Русско-французский словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > облучение продуктов питания
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20 органический азот
органический азот
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[ http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]EN
organic nitrogen
Essential nutrient of the food supply of plants and the diets of animals. Animals obtain it in nitrogen-containing compounds, particularly aminoacids. Although the atmosphere is nearly 80% gaseous nitrogen, very few organisms have the ability to use it in this form. The higher plants normally obtain it from the soil after microorganisms have converted the nitrogen into ammonia or nitrates, which they can then absorb. This conversion of nitrogen, known as nitrogen fixation, is essential for the formation of amino acids which, in turn, are the building blocks of proteins. (Source: WRIGHT)
[http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]Тематики
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Русско-французский словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > органический азот
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