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61 furnace
1) топка
2) очаговый
3) печный
4) топочная камера
5) топочный
6) печь
7) печной
– annular furnace
– bell-type furnace
– box furnace
– brazing furnace
– car-bottom furnace
– chamber furnace
– charge furnace
– continuous furnace
– crown of furnace
– cyclone furnace
– double furnace
– drum-type furnace
– electric-arc furnace
– electron-beam furnace
– furnace accessories
– furnace addition
– furnace aisle
– furnace atmosphere
– furnace bin
– furnace binding
– furnace black
– furnace block
– furnace brazing
– furnace bridge
– furnace capacity
– furnace coiler
– furnace cooling
– furnace discharge
– furnace equipment
– furnace flue
– furnace hopper
– furnace lines
– furnace lining
– furnace metallothermy
– furnace pusher
– furnace run-up
– furnace scale
– furnace size
– furnace stage
– furnace tool
– furnace transformer
– furnace unit
– high-duty furnace
– jackrod furnace
– lighting furnace
– plasma furnace
– pot furnace
– primary furnace
– rotary furnace
– run blast furnace
– run of furnace
– secondary furnace
– shaft furnace
– swirling-type furnace
– top feed furnace
– torch furnace
– yodraft furnace
basic-oxygen furnace scrap — лом для кислородных конвертеров
blowing-in of a blast furnace — <metal.> ввод в действие доменной печи
blowing-in of blast furnace — <metal.> задувка доменной печи
charging side of a furnace — <metal.> сторона печи завалочная
cored induction furnace — канальная индукционная электропечь
crucible induction furnace — тигельная индукционная электропечь
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62 time
время; период; продолжительность || устанавливать время; распределять время; рассчитывать по времени; согласовывать во времени; синхронизироватьtime in use — время использования; время работы (напр. инструмента)
time on machine — время пребывания ( обрабатываемой детали) на станке
- acceleration timeto cut time — сокращать время (напр. обработки)
- access time
- activation time
- active maintenance time
- active repair time
- activity time
- actual in-cut time
- addition time
- additional time
- adjustable laser ramp-up time
- administrative time
- aggregate travel time
- air-cutting time
- arcing time of pole
- assembly time
- assessed mean time to failure
- ATC time
- attended running time
- attenuation time
- auxiliary time
- available machine time
- available machining time
- available time
- average access time
- average time
- base cycle time
- batch change time
- batch lead time
- batch run time
- block execution time
- block processing time
- bounce time
- braking time to standstill
- braking time
- break time
- breakdown time
- bridging time
- build time
- build-up time
- cam idle time
- cell production time
- changeover cut-to-cut time
- changeover time
- characteristic time
- charge time
- chip-cutting time
- chip-making time
- chip-to-chip toolchange time
- clock cycle time
- closing time
- combined travel/load time
- commissioning time
- component cycle time
- component inspection time
- component time
- computed machine time
- computing time
- control flow time
- control time
- conversion time
- correction time
- corrective maintenance time
- c-percentile storageability time
- c-percentile time to failure
- cumulative cutting time
- cure time
- current fall time
- current rise time
- cut time
- cutting time
- cut-to-cut time
- cycle time
- dead cycle time
- dead time
- debugging time
- delay time
- delivery time
- depalletizing time
- derivative action time
- derricking time
- detection time
- direct manufacture time
- disengaging time
- division time
- door-to-door time
- double-stroke time
- down time
- dry-cycle time
- dwell time
- effective cutting time
- effective dead time
- empty running time
- end-of-job time
- equispaced times
- equivalent running time for wear
- eroding time
- erosion time
- estimation time
- execution time
- exposure time
- fall time
- fast response time
- finishing time
- first-off machining time
- fitting time
- fixture lead time
- floor-to-floor time
- flow time
- forward recovery time
- frame time
- full brazing time
- full operating time
- full soldering time
- gate controlled turn-off delay time
- gate controlled turn-off fall time
- gate controlled turn-off time
- grinding time
- gripper-changing time
- head-changing time
- hobbing time
- holding time
- idle time
- index time
- indexing time
- innovation time
- in-process time
- integral action time
- interarrival time
- interoperation time
- interpolation delay time
- jaw-adjusting time
- job completion time
- job finish time
- laser interaction time
- laser shutter opening time
- laser weld tempering time
- laser-beam dwell time
- laser-beam interaction time
- lead time
- learning time
- loading time
- machine down time
- machine repair time
- machine run time
- machine slack time
- machine wait time
- machine-setting time
- machine-setup time
- machining floor-to-floor time
- machining time
- machining-cycle time
- maintenance down time
- maintenance time
- make time
- manual machining time
- manufacturing cycle time
- manufacturing lead time
- material to end product lead time
- maximum resetting time
- mean time between failures
- mean time to failure
- mean time to repair
- measuring run time
- metal-to-metal time
- minimum accelerating time
- minimum braking time
- move time
- moving time
- multiplication time
- NC machining time
- NC program debug time
- no-failure operating time
- noncut time
- noncutting time
- nonmachining time
- nonproductive machine time
- nonrequired time
- numerical processing time
- observed mean time to failure
- off-machine process time
- off-shift machine down time
- off-shift slack time
- opening time
- operate time
- operating spindle time
- operating time
- operation cycle time
- operation time
- operator's attention time
- operator's reaction time
- operator's time
- optimized contact time
- out-of-cut machine time
- out-of-cut time
- output cycle time
- overall cycle time
- overall lead time
- pallet change time
- pallet processing time
- pallet shuttle time
- parasitic time
- part turnaround time
- partial operating time
- part-waiting time
- payback time
- periodic time
- pickup time
- piece sequence time
- piece time
- planned loading time
- planning lead time
- planning time
- predicted mean time to failure
- preparatory time
- preset operating time before corrective adjustment
- preset operating time
- preset time
- probing time
- process response time
- process time
- processing time
- product development lead time
- product flow time
- product lead time
- production lead time
- production time per piece
- production time per unit
- production time
- productive time
- profiling time
- programming time
- prorated time
- protective power time
- pulse decay time
- pulse response time
- pulse rise time
- pulse time
- queue time
- queueing time
- rapid response time
- reading time
- readout time
- real time
- rechucking time
- recognition time
- recovery time
- release time
- releasing time
- remaining life time
- repair/down cost time
- required time
- reset time
- residence time of materials
- response time
- restoration time
- return time
- reverse recovery current fall time
- reverse recovery current rise time
- reverse recovery time
- rise time
- robot down time
- roughing time
- run time
- running time
- running-in time
- safety lead time
- sampling time
- scan time
- schedule time
- scheduled time
- sensing time
- series machining time
- service time of the tool
- servicing time
- servo update time
- setter time
- setting time
- settling time
- setup time
- ship time
- slack time
- soaking time
- software execution time
- specified no-failure operating time
- specified operating time
- specified time
- spindle cutting time
- spindle run time
- stabilization time
- stand time
- standard handling time
- standard piece time
- starting time
- start-up time
- station time
- station-to-station time
- step response time
- stopping time
- storage cycle time
- storage time
- storageability time
- switching time
- switch-over time
- system time
- table-indexing time
- tape-preparation time
- tape-turnaround time
- target build time
- target time
- teach time
- throughput time
- time of starting
- tool change time
- tool exchange time
- tool index time
- tool life time
- tool-cutting time
- tool-in-cut time
- tooling-response time
- tool-setup time
- tool-to-tool changing time
- total access time
- total changeover time
- total equivalent running time for strength
- total equivalent running time for wear
- total manufacturing cycle time
- total running time
- total sequence time
- to-the-minute time
- transfer time
- transient time
- transit time
- transition time
- traveling time
- turnaround time
- turn-off time
- turn-on time
- undetected failure time
- unit cycle time
- unit production time
- unit time
- up time
- update time
- updating time
- vehicle time per hour
- vehicle-use time
- waiting time
- wakeup time
- warm-up time
- wasted time
- work-change time
- work-cycle time
- work-in-process time
- wrench time
- zero ATC timeEnglish-Russian dictionary of mechanical engineering and automation > time
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63 cutting
стружка; опилки; лоскутки; обрезки; обрезь; обрезок (пиломатериал); нарезание; насечка; резание; резка (напр. газовая); разрезка; разрезание; срезание; перерезание; строжка; обработка резанием; фрезерование; гранение; выемка (бульдозером); разъединение; разрыв; отсоединение; отключение; выключение; отсечка (тока); запирание (цепи); отсечение; вырезание; отбрасывание стр. выемка грунта; лес. подрубка; врубка; рубка; тесание; распиливание; с.х. косьба; кошение; покос; отросток; отводок; черенок- cutting accuracy - cutting amperage - cutting and bending - cutting-and-mixing machine - cutting-and-molding machine - cutting and shearing plant - cutting angle - cutting apparatus - cutting area - cutting area work - cutting assemblage - cutting axis - cutting-back - cutting band - cutting-bit head - cutting burrs - cutting by blowtorch - cutting by waterjet - cutting cam - cutting capability - cutting ceramics - cutting chain - cutting chute - cutting conditions - cutting coolant - cutting-cooling medium - cutting cycle - cutting depth - cutting device - cutting diamond - cutting die - cutting divider - cutting down - cutting-down - cutting drag - cutting drum - cutting-edge - cutting edge - cutting edge angle - cutting edge configuration - cutting edge form - cutting edge inclination - cutting edge length - cutting edge normal plane - cutting edge of a knife - cutting edge of machining technology - cutting edge package - cutting-edge seal - cutting edge sharpness - cutting edge technology - cutting-edge technology - cutting edge tip - cutting effect - cutting efficiency - cutting effort - cutting electrode - cutting emulsion - cutting end - cutting end shape - cutting energy - cutting engagement - cutting equipment - cutting face - cutting feed rate - cutting feed speed - cutting flame - cutting fluid - cutting-fluid recycling - cutting flute - cutting force - cutting force component - cutting force deflection - cutting force dynamometer - cutting force-induced error - cutting force per unit area of cut - cutting force per unit width of cut - cutting forceps - cutting frame - cutting from the solid - cutting gage - cutting gas - cutting geometry - cutting giant - cutting grade - cutting head - cutting head assembly - cutting-head-height-and-collision sensor - cutting heat - cutting height - cutting-in - cutting in a smooth pattern - cutting in a spiral pattern - cutting-in speed - cutting-in speed of over drive - cutting-in time - cutting inaccuracies - cutting insert - cutting installation - cutting instrument - cutting interval - cutting iron - cutting jet - cutting jib - cutting job - cutting knife - cutting laser tool - cutting length - cutting life - cutting line - cutting liquid - cutting load - cutting load signal - cutting-loading machine - cutting lubricant - cutting machine - cutting machine scratch - cutting machine tool technology - cutting machine with coordinate drive - cutting material - cutting mechanics - cutting mechanism - cutting medium - cutting member - cutting metal - cutting mode - cutting motion - cutting movement - cutting nippers - cutting noise - cutting nozzle - cutting of fuel oils - cutting-off-abrasive wheel - cutting-off - cutting-off bit tool - cutting-off EDM - cutting-off grinding - cutting-off lathe - cutting-off machine - cutting-off saw - cutting-off tool - cutting oil - cutting-oil deflector - cutting oil freshener - cutting oil separator - cutting operation - cutting orientation - cutting out - cutting-out - cutting-out of rivets - cutting out of square - cutting-out press - cutting oxygen - cutting oxygen tube - cutting parameters - cutting part - cutting pass - cutting path - cutting path supporting points - cutting pattern - cutting performance - cutting period - cutting perpendicular force - cutting pick - cutting plan - cutting plane - cutting plane line - cutting plate - cutting platform - cutting pliers - cutting point - cutting-point angle - cutting position - cutting power - cutting-practice rules - cutting press - cutting profile - cutting program - cutting prong - cutting propagation - cutting pulse - cutting punch - cutting quality - cutting radius - digging radius - cutting rate - cutting region - cutting relief angle - cutting resistance - cutting resistance per tooth - cutting rib - cutting right to size - cutting rim - cutting ring - cutting ring coupling - cutting roll - cutting room - cutting rotor - cutting rule - cutting run - cutting scallops - cutting sequence - cutting-shearing drilling bit - cutting shoe - cutting simulation - cutting size - cutting size of core diamond bit - cutting speed - cutting speed chart plate - cutting speed control mechanism - cutting speed for milling - cutting speed indicator - cutting spindle - cutting stretch - cutting stroke - cutting stroke drive - cutting surface - cutting table - cutting tap - cutting technology - cutting technology routine - cutting teeth - cutting temperature - cutting test - cutting the loop - cutting-through of a tunnel - cutting thrust - cutting thrust force - cutting time - cutting-time monitor - cutting tip - cutting to a shoulder - cutting to length - cutting to size - cutting tool - cutting tool assembly - cutting tool body - cutting tool cartridge - cutting tool collet - cutting tool contact indicator - cutting tool control macro - cutting tool data - utting tool edge - cutting tool engineering - cutting tool force - cutting tool holder - cutting tool industry - cutting tool insert - cutting tool lubricant - cutting tool materials - cutting tool measurement system - cutting tool outlet - cutting tool technology - cutting tool with inserted blades - cutting tooth - cutting torch - cutting torque - cutting-type core drilling bit - cutting-type drilling bit - cutting unit - cutting up - cutting-up line - cutting value - cutting waste - cutting wear - cutting wedge - cutting wheel - cutting wheel carrier - cutting width - cutting-winning machine - cutting with preheating - cutting work - cutting zone - abrasive cutting - abrasive cutting-off - abrasive waterjet cutting - accretion cutting - across cutting - adaptive control cutting - air-arc cutting - air plasma cutting - angle cutting - approach cutting - arc cutting - arc-oxygene cutting - back-off cutting - bottom cutting - burrless cutting - cable cutting - cam cutting - carbide cutting - carbon-arc cutting - cleaning cutting - climb cutting - composite cutting - consecutive tool cutting - creep cutting - cross-cutting - cryogenic cutting - curved cutting - 2D profile cutting - 3D profile cutting - deep cutting - deskill cutting - diagonal cutting - diamond cutting - double cutting - double-roll cutting - double-roll tooth cutting - drill cuttings - dry cutting - ED cutting-off - ED wire cutting - edge cutting - electric arc-gas jet cutting - electrochemical hole cutting - electrochemical wire cutting - electroerosion cutting - end cutting - fabric cutting - finishing cutting - flame cutting - flux injetion cutting - form cutting - form tooth cutting - friction cutting - fusion cutting - gas cutting - gas metal cutting - gas-shielded arc cutting - gas-shielded tungsten-arc cutting - gas tungsten cutting - gear cutting - grass cutting - groove cutting - guided hand cutting - hand cutting - heavy cutting - high-pressure water-assisted cutting - hoisting and drilling load cuttings - hydraulic cutting - hydrogene cutting - in-line cutting - inserted carbide cutting - internal cutting - internally fed wet cutting - interrupted cutting - irregular depth cutting - keyway cutting - lance cutting - laser cutting - lateral cutting - length cutting - light cutting - little-and-often cutting - low-rpm cutting - machine cutting - manual air-plasma jet cutting - measure cutting - metal cutting - metal-arc cutting - metal powder cutting - miter cutting - multipass cutting - multiple milling cutting - multiple thread cutting - multitool cutting - oblique cutting - orthogonal cutting - oxy-arc cutting - oxygene-arc cutting - oxy-fuel cutting - oxy-fuel gas cutting - oxyacetylene cutting - oxyacetylene flame cutting - oxygen arc cutting - oxygen assisted laser cutting - oxygene lance cutting - oxyhydrogen cutting - oxy-propane cutting - part cutting - percussion cutting - peritheral cutting - pipe cuttings - plasma arc cutting - plasma flame cutting - plasma-jet cutting - playback laser cutting - plunge cutting - press cutting - polygon cutting - polygonal cutting - profile cutting - punch cutting - railway cutting - right-angle cutting - rotary cutting - rough cutting - round cutting - sample cutting - screw cutting - scroll cutting - see-saw cutting - setable minimum cutting - shape cutting - shear cuttings - shear-speed cutting - shielded metal arc cutting - side cutting - sideways cutting - single-pass cutting - single-point cutting - single-point thread cutting - skip cutting - slice cutting - solid cutting - spark cutting - spiral cuttings - spiral-bevel-gear cutting - spur-gear cutting - stack cutting - steel cuttings - straight line cutting - taper cutting - thermal cutting - thread cutting - tooth cutting - torch cutting - transverse cutting - tungsten-arc cutting - two-way cutting - ultrasonic cutting - up cutting - waterjet cutting - waterjet-assisted mechanical cutting - wet cutting - wire cutting -
64 treten
to stride; to kick; to tread; to pace; to march* * *tre|ten ['treːtn] pret trat [traːt] ptp getreten [gə'treːtn]1. vi1) (= ausschlagen, mit Fuß anstoßen) to kick (gegen etw sth, nach out at)2) aux sein (mit Raumangabe) to stephier kann man nicht mehr tréten — there is no room to move here
vom Schatten ins Helle tréten — to move out of the shadow into the light
tréten — to move or step closer to sth
vor die Kamera tréten (im Fernsehen) — to appear on TV; (im Film) to appear in a film or on the screen
in den Vordergrund/Hintergrund tréten — to step forward/back; (fig) to come to the forefront/to recede into the background
an jds Stelle tréten — to take sb's place
See:→ nahe3) aux sein or haben (in Loch, Pfütze, auf Gegenstand etc) to step, to treadjdm auf den Fuß tréten — to step on sb's foot, to tread (esp Brit) or step on sb's toe
jdm auf die Füße tréten (fig) — to tread (esp Brit) or step on sb's toes
tréten — to tread on sb's toes
getreten fühlen — to feel offended, to be put out
See:→ Stelle4) aux sein or haben(= betätigen)
in die Pedale tréten — to pedal hardauf die Bremse tréten — to brake, to put one's foot on the brake
5) aux sein(= hervortreten, sichtbar werden)
Wasser trat aus allen Ritzen und Fugen — water was coming out of every nook and crannyTränen traten ihr in die Augen — tears came to her eyes, her eyes filled with tears
6) aux sein (Funktionsverb) (= beginnen) to start, to begin; (= eintreten) to entertréten — to come into or enter sb's life
ins Leben tréten — to come into being
in den Ruhestand tréten — to retire
in den Streik or Ausstand tréten — to go on strike
in den Staatsdienst/Stand der Ehe or Ehestand tréten — to enter the civil service/into the state of matrimony
mit jdm in Verbindung tréten — to get in touch with sb
in die entscheidende Phase tréten — to enter the crucial phase
See:2. vt1) (= einen Fußtritt geben, stoßen) to kick; (SPORT) Ecke, Freistoß to takejdn ans Bein tréten — to kick sb's leg, to kick sb on or in the leg
jdn mit dem Fuß tréten — to kick sb
in den Hintern tréten (fig inf) — to kick oneself
2) (= mit Fuß betätigen) Spinnrad, Nähmaschine, Webstuhl, Blasebalg to operate (using one's foot)die Bremse tréten — to brake, to put on the brakes
die Pedale tréten — to pedal
3) (= trampeln) Pfad, Weg, Bahn to treadeinen Splitter in den Fuß tréten — to get a splinter in one's foot
See:→ Wasser4) (fig) (= schlecht behandeln) to shove around (inf)5) (= begatten) to tread, to mate with* * *1) (to hit or strike out with the foot: The child kicked his brother; He kicked the ball into the next garden; He kicked at the locked door; He kicked open the gate.) kick2) (to place one's feet on: He threw his cigarette on the ground and trod on it.) tread* * *tre·ten<tritt, trat, getreten>[ˈtre:tn̩]I. vi1. Hilfsverb: sein (gehen)▪ irgendwohin \treten to step somewhere; (hineingehen a.) to go somewhere; (hereinkommen a.) to come somewherebitte \treten Sie näher! please come in!pass auf, wohin du trittst mind [or watch] your step, watch where you tread [or step] [or you're treading]auf den Flur \treten to step into the hallvon einem Fuß auf den anderen \treten to shift from one foot to the otherer trat aus der Tür he walked out of [or fam out] the doordie Sonne tritt hinter die Wolken (fig) the sun disappeared behind the clouds▪ von etw dat \treten (absteigen) to step off sth; (zurückgehen) to step [or move] [or come/go] away from sth▪ vor jdn \treten to appear before sbvor den Spiegel \treten to step up to the mirrorvor die Tür \treten to step outside▪ zu jdm/etw \treten to step up to sb/sthzur Seite \treten to step [or move] aside2. Hilfsverb: sein (fließen)der Fluss trat über seine Ufer the river broke [or burst] [or overflowed] its banksSchweiß trat ihm auf die Stirn sweat appeared on [or beaded] his forehead▪ aus etw dat \treten to come out of sth; (durch Auslass) to exit from sth; (quellen) to ooze from sth; (tropfen) to drip from sth; (stärker) to run from sth; (strömen) to pour [or gush] from [or out of] sth; (entweichen) to leak from sthder Schweiß trat ihm aus allen Poren he was sweating profuselyWasser tritt aus den Wänden water was coming out of the walls, the walls were exuding waterjdm auf den Fuß \treten to tread [or step] on sb's foot [or toes]du bist in etwas ge\treten (euph) smells like you've stepped in somethingin einen Nagel \treten to tread [or step] on a nail; s.a. Schlips4. Hilfsverb: haben (stampfen)5. Hilfsverb: haben (schlagen)jdm in den Hintern \treten (fam) to kick sb [or give sb a kick] up the backside [or BRIT also bum] fam▪ nach jdm \treten to kick out [or aim a kick] at sb6. Hilfsverb: haben (betätigen)auf den Balg \treten to operate the bellowsauf die Bremse \treten to brake, to apply [or step on] the brakesauf die Kupplung \treten to engage [or operate] the clutchauf die Pedale \treten to pedalnach unten \treten to bully [or harass] the staff under one8. Hilfsverb: sein (anfangen)sie ist in ihr 80. Jahr ge\treten she has now turned 80in Aktion \treten to go into actionin den Ausstand \treten to go on strikein jds Dienste \treten to enter sb's servicein den Ruhestand \treten to go into retirementin Verhandlungen \treten to enter into negotiations9. Hilfsverb: sein (fig)in jds Bewusstsein \treten to occur to sbin Erscheinung \treten to appear; Person a. to appear in personin jds Leben \treten to come into sb's lifein eine Umlaufbahn \treten to enter into orbit11. Hilfsverb: haben (begatten)eine Henne \treten to tread a hen specII. vt Hilfsverb: haben1. (schlagen)jdn mit dem Fuß \treten to kick sbden Ball ins Aus/Tor \treten to kick the ball out of play/into the neteine Ecke/einen Elfmeter/einen Freistoß \treten to take a corner/penalty/free kick4. (betätigen)▪ etw \treten to step on sth, to press [or depress] sth with one's footden Balg \treten to operate the bellowsdie Bremse \treten to brake, to apply [or step on] the brakesdie Kupplung \treten to engage [or operate] the clutchdie Pedale \treten to pedal5. (bahnen)die Mönche haben eine Spur auf die Steintreppe ge\treten the monks have worn away the stone steps with their feet6. (stampfen)tretet mir keinen Dreck ins Haus! wipe your feet before coming into the house!etw in die Erde/einen Teppich \treten to tread/stamp sth into the earth/a carpetetw zu Matsch \treten to stamp sth to a mushetw platt \treten to stamp sth flatihr tretet meine Blumen platt! you're trampling all over my flowers!▪ jdn \treten to bully [or harass] sb▪ jdn \treten, damit er etw tut to give sb a kick to make him do sthIII. vrsie trat sich einen Nagel in den Fuß she stepped onto a nail [or ran a nail into her foot]* * *1.unregelmäßiges intransitives Verb1) mit sein (einen Schritt, Schritte machen) step (in + Akk. into, auf + Akk. on to)der Schweiß ist ihm auf die Stirn getreten — (fig.) the sweat came to his brow
der Fluss ist über die Ufer getreten — (fig.) the river has overflowed its banks
auf etwas (Akk.) treten — (absichtlich) tread on something; (unabsichtlich; meist mit sein) step or tread on something
jemandem auf den Fuß treten — step/tread on somebody's foot or toes
auf das Gas[pedal] treten — step on the accelerator
3) mit sein4) (ausschlagen) kick2.jemandem an od. gegen das Schienbein treten — kick somebody on the shin
unregelmäßiges transitives Verb1) kick <person, ball, etc.>2) (trampeln) trample, tread < path>* * *treten; tritt, trat, getretenA. v/i (ist)1. (sich mit einem Schritt oder Schritten in eine bestimmte Richtung bewegen) step, walk, go, move;jemandem in den Weg treten step into sb’s path; (den Weg versperren) block sb’s path;zu jemandem treten besonders mit einem Anliegen: walk ( oder go) up to sb; (sich zu jemandem gesellen) join sb;ans Fenster treten go (over) to the window;über die Schwelle treten cross the threshold;treten Sie näher! step this way!;2. Sachen: (sich [scheinbar] bewegen) go, come, pass;der Mond/die Sonne trat hinter die Wolken the moon/sun disappeared behind the clouds; Sonne: auch the sun went in umg;die Tränen traten ihm in die Augen tears came to ( oder welled up in) his eyes;der Schweiß trat ihm auf die Stirn (beads of) sweat formed ( oder stood out) on his forehead ( oder face);über die Ufer treten Fluss: overflow (its banks), flood3. (unabsichtlich den Fuß auf, in etwas setzen) stand, step, tread (auf/in +akk on/in);hast)auf etwas treten tread (besonders US step) on sth;man wusste nicht, wohin man treten sollte you didn’t know where to put your feet ( oder where to step);von einem Fuß auf den andern treten hop from one leg ( oder shift from one foot) to the otherB. v/t & v/i1. (hat) (jemandem, einer Sache einen Fußtritt versetzen) kick, give sb (oder sth) a kick;nach jemandem treten (take a) kick ( oder kick out) at sb;jemandem gegen das Schienbein treten kick sb in the shin(s);Vorsicht, das Pferd tritt! look out, that horse kicks ( oder is a kicker)!;treten gegen unabsichtlich: accidentally kick (against), walk into; absichtlich: kick; fig (jemanden drängen) prod, put pressure on ( stärker: kick);mit Füßen treten) bully, trample on;nach unten treten take it out on the dog2. (hat) (durch einen Tritt, Tritte bewirken) kick;eine Ecke/einen Elfmeter treten take a corner (kick)/a penalty;eine Beule ins Auto treten dent the car with a kick ( oder by kicking it);sich (dat)den Dreck von den Schuhen treten kick ( oder stamp) the muck off one’s boots3. (hat) (durch Fußdruck betätigen, bewirken) press down (with the foot), depress; Radfahrer: pedal;die Kupplung/Pedale treten depress the clutch (pedal)/work the pedals ( Fahrrad: pedal, push on the pedals);aufs Gas treten put one’s foot down umg, step on it ( oder on the gas) umg, put the pedal to the metal umg;4. (durch Darauftreten an eine bestimmte Stelle gelangen) get, run, tread;sich (dat)einen Dorn in den Fuß treten get a thorn in ( oder run a thorn into) one’s footder Hahn tritt die Henne the cock treads the hen; → nah B, näher; → Dienst 3, Hühnerauge, Kraft 6, Schlips, Stelle 1, zutage etc* * *1.unregelmäßiges intransitives Verb1) mit sein (einen Schritt, Schritte machen) step (in + Akk. into, auf + Akk. on to)der Schweiß ist ihm auf die Stirn getreten — (fig.) the sweat came to his brow
der Fluss ist über die Ufer getreten — (fig.) the river has overflowed its banks
auf etwas (Akk.) treten — (absichtlich) tread on something; (unabsichtlich; meist mit sein) step or tread on something
jemandem auf den Fuß treten — step/tread on somebody's foot or toes
auf das Gas[pedal] treten — step on the accelerator
3) mit sein4) (ausschlagen) kick2.jemandem an od. gegen das Schienbein treten — kick somebody on the shin
unregelmäßiges transitives Verb1) kick <person, ball, etc.>2) (trampeln) trample, tread < path>* * *(in) v.to step (into) v. v.(§ p.,pp.: trat, ist/hat getreten)= to kick v.to tread v.(§ p.,p.p.: trod, trodden) -
65 quemar
v.1 to burn.quemaron una bandera americana they set fire to an American flagEl fuego quemó las cortinas The fire burned=burnt the curtains.Elsa quemó la madera Elsa burned=set fire to the wood.2 to go through, to fritter away (malgastar) (ahorros).3 to burn out (informal) (desgastar).4 to be (scalding) hot (estar caliente).ten cuidado que la sopa quema be careful, the soup's (scalding) hot5 to burn off, to consume, to burn up.El ejercicio quema calorías Exercise burns off calories.6 to be scorching, to be beating down, to be blazing down, to be blazing out.Este sol quema This sun is scorching.* * *2 (incendiar) to set on fire3 (destilar) to distil1 (estar muy caliente) to be burning hot3 figurado (ir a acertar) to get warm■ ¡que te quemas! you're getting warm!* * *verb* * *1. VT1) (=hacer arder)a) [fuego, sol] [+ papeles, mueble, arroz, patatas] to burn; [+ edificio] to burn down; [+ coche] to set fire toel incendio ha quemado varias hectáreas de bosque — the fire has destroyed o burned down several hectares of woodland
he quemado la camisa con la plancha — I scorched o burned my shirt with the iron
nave 1)los guerrilleros quemaron varias aldeas — the guerrillas set fire to o burned several villages
b) [líquido hirviendo] to scald; [ácido, frío, helada] to burn2) (=dar sensación de calor) [radiador, especia picante] to burn3) [+ fusible] to blow4) (=gastar)a) [+ calorías] to burn, burn up; [+ energías] to burn offb) [+ fortuna] to squander; [+ dinero] to blow *, squander; [+ recursos] to use up5) * (=fastidiar) to bug *, get *lo que más me quemó fue que me tratara como a un estúpido — what bugged * me o got * me most was the way he treated me as if I was stupid
6) (=desgastar) [+ político, gobierno] to destroy, be the ruin ofun escándalo sexual puede quemar a cualquier político — a sex scandal can destroy o can be the ruin of any politician
tanto aparecer en televisión va a quemar su carrera — all these TV appearances will damage his career
7) (Com) [+ precios] to slash, cut; [+ géneros] to sell off cheap8) Cuba (=estafar) to swindle9) CAm (=denunciar) to denounce, inform on10) Ven * [con arma de fuego] to shoot11) Arg, Uru2. VI1) (=arder) [comida, líquido, metal] to be boiling (hot); [mejillas] to be burning¡cómo quema el sol! — the sun's really scorching (hot)!
este sol no quema nada — LAm you won't get tanned in this sun
2) (=picar) [especia, picante] to burn3.See:* * *1.verbo transitivo1)a) <basura/documentos> to burnb) <herejes/brujas> to burn... at the stake3) ( accidentalmente)a) <comida/mesa/mantel> to burn; ( con la plancha) to scorchb) líquido/vapor to scaldc) ácido <ropa/piel> to burn4) ( malgastar) <fortuna/herencia> to squander2.quemar vi1) ( estar muy caliente) plato/fuente to be very hot; café/sopa to be boiling (hot) (colloq)2) sol to burn3.quemarse v pron1)a) (refl) (con fuego, calor) to burn oneself; (con líquido, vapor) to scald oneself; <mano/lengua> to burn; <pelo/cejas> to singeb) (fam) ( en juegos)caliente, caliente... te quemaste! — getting warmer, warmer... you're burning! (colloq)
c) ( al sol - ponerse rojo) to get burned; (- broncearse) (AmL) to tan2)a) ( destruirse) papeles to get burned; edificio to burn downb) ( sufrir daños) alfombra/vestido to get burned; comida to burn; (+ me/te/le etc)3) persona ( desgastarse) to burn oneself out; ( pasar de moda)un cantante que se quemó en un par de años — a singer who disappeared from the scene after a couple of years
* * *= burn, set + Nombre + on fire, torch, ignite, set + ablaze, incinerate, scorch, sear, singe, scald.Ex. In Italy, Mussoline was burning books and suppressing libraries with appalling regularity.Ex. The second example relates to a bibliographical puzzle concerning the bowdlerized British version of William Styron's novel 'Set this house on fire'.Ex. Alenxandria's library was torched and completely destroyed by the brutal Roman emperor Aurelian in A.D. 270.Ex. Nitrate film ignites readily, burns fiercely, virtually inextinguishably and with highly toxic fumes.Ex. The day ended in a riot during which the town hall was set ablaze.Ex. This is a project to incinerate an estimated 700, 000 tonnes of toxic sludge created as a byproduct of a century of steelmaking.Ex. If badly affected, spots run together, and leaves appear scorched.Ex. Searing meat is the process for caramelising the sugars present in meat and forming an aesthetic crust around its surface.Ex. Soon Frank's shoulders baked, and he could feel the day's heat singeing his cheeks and forehead.Ex. In the morning my shower started to splurt out boiling water, scalding my head so badly it has blistered.----* fusible + quemarse = blow + a fuse.* más quemado que la pipa (de) un indio = completely burned-out.* quemar completamente = burn out.* quemarse = go up in + flames.* quemarse completamente = go up in + smoke.* sin quemar = unburned.* * *1.verbo transitivo1)a) <basura/documentos> to burnb) <herejes/brujas> to burn... at the stake3) ( accidentalmente)a) <comida/mesa/mantel> to burn; ( con la plancha) to scorchb) líquido/vapor to scaldc) ácido <ropa/piel> to burn4) ( malgastar) <fortuna/herencia> to squander2.quemar vi1) ( estar muy caliente) plato/fuente to be very hot; café/sopa to be boiling (hot) (colloq)2) sol to burn3.quemarse v pron1)a) (refl) (con fuego, calor) to burn oneself; (con líquido, vapor) to scald oneself; <mano/lengua> to burn; <pelo/cejas> to singeb) (fam) ( en juegos)caliente, caliente... te quemaste! — getting warmer, warmer... you're burning! (colloq)
c) ( al sol - ponerse rojo) to get burned; (- broncearse) (AmL) to tan2)a) ( destruirse) papeles to get burned; edificio to burn downb) ( sufrir daños) alfombra/vestido to get burned; comida to burn; (+ me/te/le etc)3) persona ( desgastarse) to burn oneself out; ( pasar de moda)un cantante que se quemó en un par de años — a singer who disappeared from the scene after a couple of years
* * *= burn, set + Nombre + on fire, torch, ignite, set + ablaze, incinerate, scorch, sear, singe, scald.Ex: In Italy, Mussoline was burning books and suppressing libraries with appalling regularity.
Ex: The second example relates to a bibliographical puzzle concerning the bowdlerized British version of William Styron's novel 'Set this house on fire'.Ex: Alenxandria's library was torched and completely destroyed by the brutal Roman emperor Aurelian in A.D. 270.Ex: Nitrate film ignites readily, burns fiercely, virtually inextinguishably and with highly toxic fumes.Ex: The day ended in a riot during which the town hall was set ablaze.Ex: This is a project to incinerate an estimated 700, 000 tonnes of toxic sludge created as a byproduct of a century of steelmaking.Ex: If badly affected, spots run together, and leaves appear scorched.Ex: Searing meat is the process for caramelising the sugars present in meat and forming an aesthetic crust around its surface.Ex: Soon Frank's shoulders baked, and he could feel the day's heat singeing his cheeks and forehead.Ex: In the morning my shower started to splurt out boiling water, scalding my head so badly it has blistered.* fusible + quemarse = blow + a fuse.* más quemado que la pipa (de) un indio = completely burned-out.* quemar completamente = burn out.* quemarse = go up in + flames.* quemarse completamente = go up in + smoke.* sin quemar = unburned.* * *quemar [A1 ]vtA (destruir, eliminar)1 ‹basura/documentos› to burn; ‹gases› to burn off2 (en la hoguera) ‹herejes/brujas› to burn … at the stakeB1 ‹leña/combustible/incienso› to burn2 ‹calorías› to burn up; ‹grasa› to burn off1 ‹comida› to burn; ‹mesa/mantel› to burn; (con la plancha) to scorchme quemó con el cigarrillo he burned me with his cigarette2 «líquido/vapor» to scald3 «ácido» ‹ropa/piel› to burn4 ‹motor› to burn… out; ‹fusible› to blowD1 «sol» ‹plantas› to scorchla helada quemó los geranios the frost burned o damaged the geraniumsE (malgastar) ‹fortuna/herencia› to squanderF( RPl arg) (hacer quedar mal) ‹persona› lo quemaron publicando esa foto it made him look ridiculous o it was very embarrassing for him when they published that photoloco, me quemaste diciéndole eso you idiot, you really messed me up ( AmE) o ( BrE) dropped me in it by telling him that ( colloq)G ‹CD› to burn■ quemarviA (estar muy caliente) «plato/fuente» to be very hot; «café/sopa» to be boiling ( colloq), to be boiling hot ( colloq), to be very hotB «sol» to burnaunque está nublado el sol quema igual even though it's cloudy, you can still get burneda estas horas el sol quema mucho at this time of day, the sun is very strong o really burns■ quemarseA1 ( refl) (lastimarse) to burn oneself; (con líquido, vapor) to scald oneself; ‹mano/lengua› to burn; ‹pelo/cejas› to singeme quemé con la plancha I burned myself on the iron2 ( fam)(en juegos): caliente, caliente … ¡te quemaste! getting warmer, warmer … you're burning o boiling! ( colloq)B1 (destruirse) «papeles» to get burned o burnt; «edificio» to burn down2 (sufrir daños) «alfombra/vestido» to get burned o burnt; «comida» to burnaquí se está quemando algo something's burning(+ me/te/le etc): se me quemaron las tostadas I burned the toast, the toast burnedC «persona»1 (desgastarse, agotarse) to burn oneself out2(pasarse de moda): un cantante que se quemó en un par de años a singer who disappeared from the scene after a couple of yearsen el mundo del espectáculo te quemas rápidamente in show business you're only famous for a short timeD( RPl arg) «persona» (quedar mal): te quemás si les hacés un regalo así it'll look really bad if you give them a gift like thatno digas eso en la entrevista porque te quemás don't say that in your interview or you'll blow your chances ( colloq)* * *
quemar ( conjugate quemar) verbo transitivo
1
b) ‹herejes/brujas› to burn … at the stake
2 ‹ calorías› to burn up;
‹ grasa› to burn off
3
( con la plancha) to scorch
‹ fusible› to blow
‹ piel› to burn;
( broncear) (AmL) to tan
verbo intransitivo
[café/sopa] to be boiling (hot) (colloq)
quemarse verbo pronominal
1
(con líquido, vapor) to scald oneself;
‹mano/lengua› to burn;
‹pelo/cejas› to singe
(— broncearse) (AmL) to tan
2
[ edificio] to burn down
[ comida] to burn;
3 [ persona] ( desgastarse) to burn oneself out
quemar
I verbo transitivo
1 (con el sol, fuego, etc) to burn
2 (con líquido) to scald
3 fam (psíquicamente) to burn out
II vi (una bebida, etc) to be boiling hot
' quemar' also found in these entries:
Spanish:
achicharrar
- nave
- abrasar
- incendiar
English:
burn
- burn out
- burn up
- sear
- wood
- work off
- blow
- frost
- scorch
* * *♦ vt1. [sol, con fuego, calor] to burn;[con líquido hirviendo] to scald;quemaron una bandera americana they set fire to an American flag;has quemado los macarrones you've burnt the macaroni;quemaban a los herejes en la hoguera heretics were burnt at the stake;quemar etapas [ir rápido] to come on in leaps and bounds, to progress rapidly;[ir demasiado rápido] to cut corners;quemar el último cartucho to play one's last card2. [calorías] to burn up;[grasa] to burn offel sol quemó las plantas the plants withered in the sun4. [malgastar] to run through, to fritter away;quemó sus ahorros en pocos meses she ran through her savings in just a few months6. CAm, Méx [delatar] to denounce, to inform on7. Carib, Méx [estafar] to swindleme quemaron con la publicación de esa noticia they really landed me in it by publishing that story♦ vi1. [estar caliente] to be (scalding) hot;ten cuidado que la sopa quema be careful, the soup's (scalding) hot* * *I v/t1 burn3 famrecursos use up; dinero blow famII v/i be very hot* * *quemar vt: to burn, to set fire toquemar vi: to be burning hot* * *quemar vb2. (edificio, etc) to burn down3. (estar muy caliente) to be burning hot / to be very hot¡cuidado que quema! be careful, it's very hot! -
66 iron
I 1. ['aɪən] [AE 'aɪərn]1) (metal) ferro m.old o scrap iron ferraglia; a will of iron — fig. una volontà di ferro
2) (for clothes) ferro m. da stiroto run the iron over sth. to give sth. an iron — dare un colpo di ferro a qcs
3) (in golf) ferro m.4) (splint) stecca f. di metallo2. 3.modificatore [bar, gate, sheet] di ferro4.••II 1. ['aɪən] [AE 'aɪərn]verbo transitivo stirare [ clothes]2.verbo intransitivo [ person] stirare; [garment, fabric] stirarsi- iron out* * *1. noun1) (( also adjective) (of) an element that is the most common metal, is very hard, and is widely used for making tools etc: Steel is made from iron; The ground is as hard as iron; iron railings; iron determination (= very strong determination).) ferro2) (a flat-bottomed instrument that is heated up and used for smoothing clothes etc: I've burnt a hole in my dress with the iron.) ferro (da stiro)3) (a type of golf-club.) mazza2. verb(to smooth (clothes etc) with an iron: This dress needs to be ironed; I've been ironing all afternoon.) stirare- ironing- irons
- ironing-board
- ironmonger
- ironmongery
- have several
- too many irons in the fire
- iron out
- strike while the iron is hot* * *I 1. ['aɪən] [AE 'aɪərn]1) (metal) ferro m.old o scrap iron ferraglia; a will of iron — fig. una volontà di ferro
2) (for clothes) ferro m. da stiroto run the iron over sth. to give sth. an iron — dare un colpo di ferro a qcs
3) (in golf) ferro m.4) (splint) stecca f. di metallo2. 3.modificatore [bar, gate, sheet] di ferro4.••II 1. ['aɪən] [AE 'aɪərn]verbo transitivo stirare [ clothes]2.verbo intransitivo [ person] stirare; [garment, fabric] stirarsi- iron out -
67 bolt
1. n засов, задвижка; язык замкаbehind bolt and bar — под замком, за решёткой
box bolt — дверная задвижка; шпингалет
2. n шкворень; шпингалетbolt pin — шпилька, чека
3. n воен. затворpanic bolt — дверной затвор, открывающий дверь при нажатии
4. n болтu bolt — - образный болт
5. n ист. стрела арбалета6. n бегствоto make a bolt for it — помчаться, броситься
7. n молния8. n удар грома9. n рулон10. n вязанка прутьев11. n заготовка для дранкиa bolt from the blue — неожиданная неприятность, гром среди ясного неба
12. v запирать на засов13. v скреплять болтами, сболчивать14. v выстрелить; пустить стрелу15. v выпалить, выболтать16. v броситься вперёд; нестись стрелой17. v понести18. v убегать, удирать19. v амер. студ. жарг. удирать с лекции20. v амер. разг. отходить от своей партии или не поддерживать её кандидата на выборах21. v разг. заглатывать пищу22. v складывать; скатывать23. v пойти в цвет, в стрелку24. n уст. сито; грохот25. v просеивать сквозь сито, грохотить; отсеивать26. v внимательно расследовать, рассматриватьСинонимический ряд:1. fastening (noun) fastening; latch; lock; padlock2. roll (noun) coil; curl; cylinder; package; roll; spindle; spiral; twist3. start (noun) jump; start; startle4. stroke of lightning (noun) flash; fulguration; lightning; massive discharge; sheet of lightning; shock; stroke; stroke of lightning; thunderbolt; thunderclap; thunderstroke5. threaded metal rod (noun) brad; coupling; lag screw; metal rod; nail; peg; pin; rivet; spike; threaded metal rod6. exclaim (verb) blat; blurt out; cry out; ejaculate; exclaim7. gulp (verb) consume; cram; devour; englut; engorge; gobble; gulp; guzzle; ingurgitate; slop; slosh; wolf8. run (verb) boil; bustle; charge; chase; dart; dash; escape; flee; fling; flit; fly; get out; hasten; hurry; lash; make off; pelt; race; rocket; run; rush; sail; scamper; scoot; scurry; shoot; skedaddle; skip; skirr; sprint; tear9. start (verb) jump; spring; start; startle -
68 a la vez
at the same time, at once* * *= at once, at one time, at similar times, at the same time, concurrently, side-by-side, simultaneously, at the same instant, in parallel, in tandem, at the one time, in a tandem fashion, at a time, in unisonEx. Because not all files need to be reorganized at once, but only those which are very full, the time required for this procedure is reduced to a minimum.Ex. Maximum number of documents which can be charged out at one time.Ex. However, this joint venture may not be justifiable unless both a thesaurus and a classification scheme are in demand by one organisation at similar times.Ex. Author entry gives direct access to particular documents whilst at the same time collocating documents with the same author.Ex. An indexer who is familiar with a given indexing language may be capable of accomplishing the three stages concurrently.Ex. This sub-stage and the next one must proceed side-by-side.Ex. No one catalogue can satisfy all the requirements of all users simultaneously.Ex. He then dropped the metal suddenly into the mouth of the mould, and at the same instant gave it a jerk or toss to force the metal into the recesses of the matrix (the precise form of the jerk varying with the different letters).Ex. The afternoon sessions will run in parallel.Ex. In tandem, tiered instruction and assessment offer the opportunity to analyze the outcomes of specific levels of information literacy.Ex. For example, an obvious question is do most people only have one book on the go at the one time?.Ex. Most of them are mitotically stable, and the integration of the vector into the host genome frequently occurred in a tandem fashion.Ex. It is important to recognise that division must be by one principle at a time.Ex. Macaronic poetry is often used as a vehicle for humorous social criticism, but also as a ludic exercise and linguistic challenge, or simply for the delight of hearing different languages in unison.* * *a la vez (que)= hand in hand (with), cum, in conjunction with, in unison withEx: Hand in hand with this comes the need for nurses to be able to question, evaluate and reflect on existing practice.
Ex: Libraries as vital institutions of public culture are currently facing a crisis cum challenge.Ex: Rules for any given class must be used in conjunction with the schedules for that class.Ex: Good literature, in order to fulfil the demands of the time, must move in unison with society, keeping control over its speed.= at once, at one time, at similar times, at the same time, concurrently, side-by-side, simultaneously, at the same instant, in parallel, in tandem, at the one time, in a tandem fashion, at a time, in unisonEx: Because not all files need to be reorganized at once, but only those which are very full, the time required for this procedure is reduced to a minimum.
Ex: Maximum number of documents which can be charged out at one time.Ex: However, this joint venture may not be justifiable unless both a thesaurus and a classification scheme are in demand by one organisation at similar times.Ex: Author entry gives direct access to particular documents whilst at the same time collocating documents with the same author.Ex: An indexer who is familiar with a given indexing language may be capable of accomplishing the three stages concurrently.Ex: This sub-stage and the next one must proceed side-by-side.Ex: No one catalogue can satisfy all the requirements of all users simultaneously.Ex: He then dropped the metal suddenly into the mouth of the mould, and at the same instant gave it a jerk or toss to force the metal into the recesses of the matrix (the precise form of the jerk varying with the different letters).Ex: The afternoon sessions will run in parallel.Ex: In tandem, tiered instruction and assessment offer the opportunity to analyze the outcomes of specific levels of information literacy.Ex: For example, an obvious question is do most people only have one book on the go at the one time?.Ex: Most of them are mitotically stable, and the integration of the vector into the host genome frequently occurred in a tandem fashion.Ex: It is important to recognise that division must be by one principle at a time.Ex: Macaronic poetry is often used as a vehicle for humorous social criticism, but also as a ludic exercise and linguistic challenge, or simply for the delight of hearing different languages in unison. -
69 ensayo
m.1 rehearsal (Teatro).ensayo general dress rehearsal2 test (prueba).le salió al primer ensayo he got it at the first attempt3 essay (literature).4 try.5 attempt, trial, try, assay.6 testing, experiment, experimentation.7 dry run.pres.indicat.1st person singular (yo) present indicative of spanish verb: ensayar.* * *1 TEATRO rehearsal2 MÚSICA practice3 (prueba) test, experiment, trial, attempt4 (literario etc) essay5 (rugby) try\a modo de ensayo as an experimentensayo general dress rehearsal* * *noun m.1) essay2) rehearsal3) test4) trial* * *SM1) (=prueba) test, trial; (=experimento) experiment; (=intento) attemptpedido de ensayo — (Com) trial order
2) [de metal] assay3) (Literat, Escol etc) essay4) (Mús, Teat) rehearsal5) (Rugby) try* * *1)a) (Espec) rehearsalc) ( de metales) assay2) (Lit) essay3) ( en rugby) try* * *1)a) (Espec) rehearsalc) ( de metales) assay2) (Lit) essay3) ( en rugby) try* * *ensayo11 = assaying, essay, student paper.Nota: Tema asignado al alumno por el profesor sobre el cual tendrá que presentar un trabajo escrito.Ex: Suppose you have classified, by UDC, the document 'Select methods of metallurgical assaying', class number 669.9.
Ex: In a journal most formal items including articles, essays, discussions and reviews can be expected to be accompanied by an abstract.Ex: 5 data collection instruments were used: printouts of data base searches executed by students; a questionnaire; bibliographies from student papers; serial holdings of the university library; and interviews with instructors.ensayo22 = rehearsal, pre-enactment, modelling exercise, run-through.Ex: For a storyteller preparation is like rehearsal for an orchestra; there will be passages that need emphasis, and some that need a slow pace, others that need a quickened tempo, and so on = La preparación de un narrador de cuentos es como el ensayo de una orquesta; habrá pasajes que necesiten énfasis, otros un ritmo lento, otros un ritmo acelerado, etcétera.
Ex: And literature is part of that essential human behavior; it engages us in pre-enactments and re-enactments.Ex: The modelling exercise would indicate which model was most economic and which was most cost-effective.Ex: This article will provide a brief run-through of some strategies for giving staff and users what they need and expect.* aprender por el método de ensayo y error = learn by + trial and error.* ensayo clínico = clinical trial, clinical test.* ensayo controlado = controlled trial.* ensayo doble ciego = double-blind research study.* ensayo general = dress rehearsal.* ensayo nuclear = nuclear weapons testing.* ensayo piloto = pilot trial.* por el método de ensayo y error = by trial and error, trial and error.ensayo33 = try.Nota: Usado generalmente en rugby.Ex: The explosive Cameron Shepherd then brought the Wallabies to within a point of France with the team's second try five minutes later.
* marcar un ensayo = score + a try.* * *A1 ( Espec) rehearsalse pondrá en ensayo it will be put on trial o tried out o testedaprendizaje por ensayo y error learning by trial and error3 (de metales) assayCompuestos:clinical trial(de una obra teatral, de un sistema) dress rehearsal; (de un concierto) final rehearsalB ( Lit) essayC (en rugby) try* * *
Del verbo ensayar: ( conjugate ensayar)
ensayo es:
1ª persona singular (yo) presente indicativo
ensayó es:
3ª persona singular (él/ella/usted) pretérito indicativo
Multiple Entries:
ensayar
ensayo
ensayar ( conjugate ensayar) verbo transitivo
verbo intransitivo
to rehearse
ensayo sustantivo masculino
1a) (Espec) rehearsal;
( de concierto) final rehearsal
( intento) attempt
2 (Lit) essay
3 ( en rugby) try
ensayar
I verbo transitivo
1 Teat (un papel, una obra) to rehearse
Mús (una pieza) to practise
2 (un método, una técnica) to test, try out
II vi Teat (los actores) to rehearse
Mús (los músicos) to practise
ensayo sustantivo masculino
1 (escrito) essay
2 Teat rehearsal
ensayo general, dress rehearsal
3 (prueba) test, trial
' ensayo' also found in these entries:
Spanish:
improvisada
- improvisado
- tratado
- clínico
- completo
- crítica
- escoleta
- prueba
English:
approval
- dress rehearsal
- dry run
- dummy run
- essay
- practice
- practise
- rehearsal
- run-through
- sit in on
- test case
- test run
- touchdown
- trial
- try
- dress
- test
* * *ensayo nm1. [en teatro, música, danza] rehearsal;hoy tenemos ensayo we've got a rehearsal today;hacer un ensayo (de algo) to rehearse (sth)ensayo general dress rehearsal2. [prueba] test;el nuevo prototipo será sometido a ensayo the new prototype will undergo testing;le salió al primer ensayo he got it at the first attempt;hacer un ensayo de algo to test sthFarm ensayo clínico clinical trial3. [escrito] essay;el ensayo [género literario] the essay4. [en rugby] try5. [de metales preciosos] assay* * *m1 test2 TEA rehearsal3 escrito essay* * *ensayo nm1) : essay2) : trial, test3) : rehearsal4) : assay (of metals)* * *ensayo n1. (teatro) rehearsal2. (música) practice3. (prueba) test4. (obra literaria) essay -
70 ensayar
v.1 to test.María ensaya los proyectos Mary tests the projects.2 to rehearse (Teatro).Ella ensaya por la tarde She rehearses in the afternoon.3 to attempt.María ensayó una mentira Mary attempted a lie.* * *1 TEATRO to rehearse2 MÚSICA to practise (US practice)3 (probar) to try out, test* * *1. VT1) (=probar) to test, try (out)2) [+ metal] to assay3) (Mús, Teat) to rehearse2.See:* * *1.verbo transitivoa) <obra/baile> to rehearseb) < método> to test, try outc) < metales> to assay2.ensayar vi to rehearse* * *= rehearse, practise [practice, -USA].Ex. However, it seems worth rehearsing some of the arguments again here in this particular context and identifying specifically how these problems are negotiated in a data base using natural language indexing.Ex. Analytical cataloguing is practised to varying extents in libraries.* * *1.verbo transitivoa) <obra/baile> to rehearseb) < método> to test, try outc) < metales> to assay2.ensayar vi to rehearse* * *= rehearse, practise [practice, -USA].Ex: However, it seems worth rehearsing some of the arguments again here in this particular context and identifying specifically how these problems are negotiated in a data base using natural language indexing.
Ex: Analytical cataloguing is practised to varying extents in libraries.* * *ensayar [A1 ]vt1 ‹obra/baile/concierto› to rehearse2 ‹método/sistema› to test, try out3 ‹metales› to assay■ ensayarvito rehearse* * *
ensayar ( conjugate ensayar) verbo transitivo
verbo intransitivo
to rehearse
ensayar
I verbo transitivo
1 Teat (un papel, una obra) to rehearse
Mús (una pieza) to practise
2 (un método, una técnica) to test, try out
II vi Teat (los actores) to rehearse
Mús (los músicos) to practise
' ensayar' also found in these entries:
English:
attempt
- practice
- practise
- rehearse
- run over
- run through
- try
- run
* * *♦ vt1. [experimentar] to test2. [obra de teatro, concierto, baile] to rehearse3. [metales preciosos] to assay♦ vi1. [en teatro] to rehearse2. [en rugby] to convert a try* * *v/t1 test, try (out)2 TEA rehearse* * *ensayar vi: to rehearseensayar vt1) : to try out, to test2) : to assay* * *ensayar vb1. (teatro) to rehearse2. (música) to practise -
71 bolt
1. noun3) (of crossbow) Bolzen, der4)bolt [of lightning] — Blitz[strahl], der
[like] a bolt from the blue — (fig.) wie ein Blitz aus heiterem Himmel
5) (sudden dash)2. intransitive verb1) davonlaufen; [Pferd:] durchgehenbolt out of the shop — aus dem Laden rennen
2) (Hort., Agric.) vorzeitig Samen bilden; [Salat, Kohl:] schießen3. transitive verb1) (fasten with bolt) verriegelnbolt somebody in/out — jemanden einsperren/aussperren
2) (fasten with bolts with/without thread) verschrauben/mit Bolzen verbindenbolt something to something — etwas an etwas (Akk.) schrauben/mit Bolzen befestigen
3) (gulp down)4. adverbbolt [down] — hinunterschlingen [Essen]
* * *[boult] 1. noun1) (a bar to fasten a door etc: We have a bolt as well as a lock on the door.) der Riegel2) (a round bar of metal, often with a screw thread for a nut: nuts and bolts.) die Schraube3) (a flash of lightning.) der Blitzstrahl2. verb1) (to fasten with a bolt: He bolted the door.) verriegeln2) (to swallow hastily: The child bolted her food.) herunterschlingen3) (to go away very fast: The horse bolted in terror.) durchgehen•- bolt-upright- boltupright
- academic.ru/114932/a_bolt_from_the_blue">a bolt from the blue* * *[bəʊlt, AM boʊlt]I. vishe \bolted to the phone sie stürzte ans Telefonthe horse has \bolted ( fig) der Zug ist schon abgefahrenthe rabbits \bolted away die Kaninchen schossen [o geh stoben] davonII. vt1. (gulp down)▪ to \bolt sth ⇆ [down] etw hinunterschlingen2. (lock)to \bolt a door/window eine Tür/ein Fenster verriegeln3. (fix)III. nto make a \bolt for freedom das Weite suchen, flüchten2. (lightning)\bolt of lightning Blitz[schlag] mto draw the \bolt den Riegel vorschieben8.▶ the nuts and \bolts of sth die praktischen Details* * *[bəʊlt]1. n3) (of lightning) Blitzstrahl mit came/was like a bolt from the blue (fig) — das schlug ein/war wie ein Blitz aus heiterem Himmel
4) (of cloth) Ballen mSee:→ shoothe made a bolt for the door — er machte einen Satz zur Tür
2. adv3. vitoo late now, the horse has bolted (fig) — zu spät, der Zug ist schon abgefahren
2) (= move quickly) sausen, rasen, pesen (inf)4. vt1) door, window zu- or verriegeln3) one's food hinunterschlingen* * *bolt1 [bəʊlt]A s1. Bolzen m:shoot one’s (last) bolt fig umg einen letzten Versuch machen;2. Blitz(strahl) m:it was ( oder came as, came like) a bolt from ( oder out of) the blue fig das kam (überraschend) wie ein Blitz aus heiterem Himmel, es traf mich etc wie ein Blitz aus heiterem Himmel3. (Wasser- etc) Strahl m4. TECH (Tür-, Schloss) Riegel m5. TECH (Schrauben)Bolzen m, Schraube f (mit Mutter):bolt nut Schraubenmutter f6. TECH Dorn m, Stift m7. MIL, TECH Bolzen m, (Gewehr- etc) Schloss n10. BOTa) Butterblume fb) ( besonders Knolliger) Hahnenfuß11. plötzlicher Satz oder Sprung, (blitzartiger) Fluchtversuch:he made a bolt for the door er machte einen Satz zur Tür;make a bolt for it → C 312. POL US Weigerung, die Politik oder einen Kandidaten der eigenen Partei zu unterstützenC v/i1. sich verriegeln lassen, verriegelt werden (Tür etc)2. rasen, stürmen, stürzen ( alle:from, out of aus)3. das Weite suchen, sich aus dem Staub machen4. scheuen, durchgehen (Pferd)7. AGR vorzeitig in Samen schießenD v/t2. JAGD einen Hasen etc aufstöbern, aus dem Bau treiben4. eine Tür etc ver-, zuriegeln5. TECH mit Bolzen befestigen, verbolzen, ver-, festschrauben:bolted connection, bolted joint Schraubverbindung f, Verschraubung f7. obs fig fesseln8. POL US die eigene Partei oder ihre Kandidaten nicht unterstützen, sich von seiner Partei lossagenbolt2 [bəʊlt] v/t1. Mehl sieben, beuteln2. fig untersuchen, sichten* * *1. noun3) (of crossbow) Bolzen, der4)bolt [of lightning] — Blitz[strahl], der
2. intransitive verb[like] a bolt from the blue — (fig.) wie ein Blitz aus heiterem Himmel
1) davonlaufen; [Pferd:] durchgehen2) (Hort., Agric.) vorzeitig Samen bilden; [Salat, Kohl:] schießen3. transitive verb1) (fasten with bolt) verriegelnbolt somebody in/out — jemanden einsperren/aussperren
2) (fasten with bolts with/without thread) verschrauben/mit Bolzen verbindenbolt something to something — etwas an etwas (Akk.) schrauben/mit Bolzen befestigen
3) (gulp down)4. adverbbolt [down] — hinunterschlingen [Essen]
* * *n.Blitz -e m.Bolzen - m. v.sausen v.verriegeln v. -
72 bolt
أَغْلَقَ بالمزلاج \ bolt: to fasten with a bolt: Have you bolted all the windows?. \ تَرْبَسَ \ bolt: to fasten with a bolt: Have you bolted all the windows?. \ See Also أَغْلَقَ بالمِزْلاج \ تِرْباس \ bolt: a metal bar fastening a door, etc.. \ جَمَحَ \ bolt: (of horses) to run away, out of control. \ دَسَرَ \ bolt. \ زَلَجَ (الباب) \ bolt: to fasten with a bolt: Have you bolted all the windows?. \ مِسْمَار مُلَوْلَب \ bolt: a metal pin (usu. with a flat-sided head) that screws into a metal nut and holds two things together. \ نَدَّ \ bolt: (of horses) to run away, out of control. \ See Also شرد (شَرَدَ)، جمح (جَمَحَ) -
73 user
user [yze]➭ TABLE 11. transitive verba. ( = détériorer) [+ outil, roches] to wear away ; [+ vêtements] to wear outb. ( = épuiser) [+ personne, forces] to wear out ; [+ nerfs] to wear downc. ( = consommer) [+ essence, charbon, papier, huile, eau] to use• user de ( = utiliser) [+ pouvoir, droit, autorité] to exercise ; [+ charme, influence, liberté] to use• il a usé de moyens déloyaux pour obtenir cette information he used underhand means to get this information3. reflexive verb* * *yze
1.
verbe transitif [personne, temps, frottement] to wear out [vêtement, chaussure, objet]; [travail, soucis, temps] to wear down [personne]
2.
user de verbe transitif indirect to use [formule, termes, alcool]; to exercise [droit]; to exploit [possibilité]; to take [précautions]
3.
s'user verbe pronominal1) [vêtement, chaussure] to wear out2) [personne]* * *yze1. vt1) [outil] to wear down2) [revêtement] to wear out3) [vêtement] to wear out4) [roche, soubassement] to wear away5) (= consommer) [charbon, électricité] to use2. viuser de [moyen, procédé] — to use, to employ, [droit, privilège] to exercise
* * *user verb table: aimerA vtr [personne, temps, frottement] to wear out [vêtement, chaussure, objet]; [travail, soucis, temps] to wear out [personne]; tu vas user l'embrayage si tu conduis comme ça you'll wear out the clutch if you drive like that; les piles du poste de radio sont usées the batteries in the radio are worn out ou have gone; la maladie l'a usé prématurément the illness wore him out prematurely; user ses vêtements jusqu'à la corde to wear one's clothes out; des tapis/vêtements usés jusqu'à la corde threadbare carpets/clothes; la mer a usé la falaise the sea has eroded the cliff; user sa santé to ruin one's health; ça use les yeux de lire dans le noir reading in the dark strains your eyes; avoir les yeux usés to have ruined one's eyesight; j'ai usé trois crayons/paires de chaussures I've got GB ou gotten US through three pencils/pairs of shoes.B user de vtr ind to use [stratagème, formule, termes, alcool]; to exercise [droit]; to exploit [possibilité]; to take [précautions]; user de diplomatie to be diplomatic; user et abuser de qch to use and abuse sth; il faut en user avec modération/avec prudence it should be used in moderation/with care; en user bien/mal avec qn to treat sb well/badly; elle en use avec lui d'une façon inacceptable she treats him in the most appalling manner.C s'user vpr1 [vêtement, tissu, chaussure, pièce] to wear out;2 [personne] s'user à la tâche or au travail to wear oneself out with overwork, burn oneself out○; s'user la santé/les yeux to ruin one's health/eyesight.[yze] verbe transitif1. [détériorer - terrain, métal] to wear away (separable) ; [ - pneu] to wear smooth ; [ - veste, couverture] to wear out (separable)2. [utiliser - eau, poudre] to use ; [ - gaz, charbon] to use, to burn ; [ - réserves] to use, to go through (inseparable)3. [fatiguer] to wear out (separable)————————[yze] verbe intransitifen user mal avec quelqu'un to treat somebody badly, to mistreat somebody————————user de verbe plus préposition(soutenu) [utiliser - autorité, droits] to exercise ; [ - mot, tournure] to use ; [ - outil] to use ; [ - audace, diplomatie] to use, to employ————————s'user verbe pronominal intransitif2. [s'affaiblir]————————s'user verbe pronominal transitif[se fatiguer] to wear oneself outs'user les yeux ou la vue to strain one's eyes -
74 part
1) часть; доля || распадаться на части; разделять, разделяться2) деталь; часть ( изделия); элемент; компонент; сегмент || детализировать3) раздел (напр. программного обеспечения)•to build around an actual part — изготавливать (напр. приспособление) применительно к обрабатываемой детали
- 2D partto handle parts randomly — загружать детали, загружать обрабатываемые детали ( на станок) в произвольной последовательности
- 3D part
- accepted part
- accessible moving parts
- active gas parts
- active part of cutting tool
- active part
- actuated part
- address part
- aspheric part
- aspherical part
- assembled part
- assembly base part
- associated part
- axially symmetrical part
- baffled-off part
- bar part
- bar-coded part
- basic part
- blank part
- body part
- bottom-most part
- bought-out parts
- box-like part
- box-shaped part
- box-type part
- candidate part
- case-type part
- catapulting part
- ceramic-machined part
- ceramic-turned part
- certified part
- change part
- chuck part
- chucked part
- chucking part
- circular part
- clamped part
- close tolerance part
- common parts
- completed part
- complex geometry part
- complex part
- component part
- conductive part
- constituent part
- consumable part
- contoured part
- conveyorized part
- current part
- curved part
- cutting part
- defective part
- detail part
- die-cast part
- disoriented part
- duplicate part
- end part
- exceptional parts
- exposed rotating machine parts
- extension part
- fabricated part
- facing part
- facsimile part
- failed part
- family part
- family-related part
- fast-revolving part
- faulty part
- figurine part
- figurine-shaped part
- filler part
- finish turned part
- finished part
- finishing part
- first-off piece part
- first-run part
- fixed part of the machine
- flat bar part
- flat-pattern parts
- FMS rotational part
- fractional part
- functioning part
- green part
- half-done part
- half-machined part
- hand-fed part
- hard part
- HBM-type parts
- hemispherical part
- high value-added part
- high-load part
- high-precision part
- high-production parts
- high-volume parts
- incoming part
- injection-molded part
- in-process part
- integral part
- integral-rib part
- integrated part
- interchangeable part
- in-tolerance part
- labor-intensive part
- lathe-turned part
- live parts
- long-run parts
- loose part
- low value-added part
- low-mix parts
- low-volume parts
- machined part
- machinery parts
- main journal part
- male die part
- mass production parts
- master part
- master threaded part
- mating parts
- medium-run parts
- medium-volume parts
- microsized part
- mid-volume parts
- minor part
- moving part
- multiple parts
- multiple-diameter part
- multiple-operation part
- NC-machined part
- near-net-shape part
- necked part
- net shape part
- nonconforming parts
- non-FMS part
- nonproductive parts of the cycle
- nonrecurring parts
- nonrotational part
- nonservice part
- numerical part of identity
- odd parts
- odd-shaped part
- offending part
- off-gage part
- off-queue part
- off-the-shelf part
- one-of-a-kind parts
- one-off parts
- on-queue part
- open tolerance part
- operative parts
- option part
- out-of-spec part
- out-of-tolerance part
- pallet-fixtured part
- palletized part
- partially completed part
- part-machined part
- passive part
- piece part
- pin journal part
- pliable part
- PM part
- powder metal part
- powder part
- precision part
- precision-machined part
- prismatic part
- processed part
- production part
- program part
- projected part
- proof part
- prototype part
- quality part
- quality-checked part
- randomly fabricating parts
- randomly sequenced parts
- rapidly wearing part
- raw part
- raw primary part
- reference part
- related parts
- removable parts
- repair part
- replacement part
- representative part
- revolving part
- rotary part
- routing part
- rubbing part
- sample part
- scored part
- semicompleted part
- semifinished part
- service parts
- shaft part
- shaped part
- shaping part
- short-run parts
- short-run time parts
- single-diameter part
- sizing part
- slender part
- small-envelope part
- snap-in part
- software part
- spare part
- stack-machined parts
- stack-routed parts
- stationary part
- stepped part
- stereolithography part
- stress-relieved part
- structural part
- substandard part
- tapered part
- test part
- threaded part
- tool cutting part
- top quality part
- transmission parts
- turned part
- ultra-high-precision part
- ultra-precision part
- unworked part
- wearing parts
- wire-frame CAD parts
- work part
- working part of cutting toolEnglish-Russian dictionary of mechanical engineering and automation > part
-
75 test
1) испытание
2) испытательный
3) испытывать
4) опробование
5) проба
6) пробовать
7) тест
8) <engin.> опыт
9) пробный
10) проверять
11) критерий
12) признак
13) проверка
14) испытующий
15) эксперимент
16) тестовый
17) замер
18) проверочный
19) обнаружение
20) определение
21) исследовать
22) выверять
23) контрольный
– abbreviated test
– ability test
– abrasion test
– accelerated test
– acceptance test
– acid test
– ageing test
– arbitration test
– articulation test
– bench test
– bend test
– bend-over test
– bending test
– bending-unbending test
– best test
– biological test
– blank test
– blow-pipe test
– boiling test
– bond test
– breakdown test
– breaking test
– buckling test
– burning test
– busy test
– calibration test
– capillary test
– carry out a test
– centrifuge test
– chi-square test
– cohesion test
– cold test
– cold-pressing test
– collapsibility test
– color test
– coloring test
– combustibility test
– comparison test
– comprehensive test
– compression test
– consumption test
– continuity test
– corrosion test
– cracking test
– creep test
– critical test
– crushing test
– cupel test
– cupping test
– decantation test
– desctructive test
– destruction test
– destructive test
– development test
– do test
– drop test
– duplicate test
– durability test
– eddy-current test
– efficiency test
– elasticity test
– endurance test
– equal-tails test
– Erichsen test
– etch test
– evaporation test
– expansion test
– extraction test
– failure-rate test
– fat test
– fatigue test
– field test
– flammability test
– flange test
– flanging test
– flare test
– flash-point test
– flattening test
– flexure test
– flight test
– floating test
– flow test
– fluidity test
– flutter test
– fracing test
– fracture test
– free-bend test
– free-fall test
– free-flight test
– freezing test
– friability test
– friction test
– fuel-consumption test
– full-scale test
– fusion test
– game test
– goodness-of-fit test
– grindability test
– ground test
– hardenability test
– hardness test
– heat test
– hot twist test
– hot upset test
– humidity test
– hydrostatic test
– icing test
– immersion test
– impact test
– impulse test
– impulse-withstand test
– intelligence test
– jet test
– jumping-up test
– laboratory test
– leakage test
– life test
– liquid-penetrant test
– load test
– long-run test
– longevity test
– macrosolubility test
– magnetic-particle test
– material test
– medial test
– melting test
– microharness test
– microsolubility test
– model test
– no-load test
– non-destructive test
– notch-bar test
– oil dilution test
– oscillation test
– overload test
– overspeed test
– oxidation test
– paint rub test
– panel-spalling test
– pass a test
– pass the test
– peel test
– perfomance test
– performance test
– pickle test
– preliminary test
– pressure test
– primary test
– pull test
– quench test
– quick test
– random test
– referee test
– regression test
– relaxation test
– reliability test
– remolding test
– reverse-bend test
– ringing test
– road test
– root test
– routine test
– run test cut
– salt-mist test
– scratch-hardness test
– screen test
– sedimentation test
– shatter test
– shearing test
– short-term test
– shrinkage test
– sign test
– significance test
– single-end test
– site test
– skein test
– slaking test
– solubility test
– spark test
– splitting test
– spoon test
– spray test
– stopping test
– strength test
– stress test
– stress-rupture test
– subjective test
– survival test
– tackiness test
– tear test
– tensile test
– test baking
– test bank
– test borehole
– test card
– test case
– test certificate
– test chart
– test condition
– test connector
– test current
– test desk
– test device
– test diagram
– test electrolyte
– test equipment
– test facility
– test flight
– test for
– test for convergence
– test for defects
– test for end
– test for leak-proofness
– test for minimum
– test function
– test hypothesis
– test input
– test jack
– test key
– test lead
– test load
– test metal
– test mine
– test mock-up
– test model
– test needle
– test of convergence
– test of homogeneity
– test of hypothesis
– test of location
– test of normality
– test of whether
– test oscillator
– test paper
– test particle
– test pattern
– test piece
– test pilot
– test pole
– test pressure
– test pulse
– test reaction
– test relay
– test report
– test rig
– test rod
– test run
– test set
– test set-up
– test shot
– test specimen
– test stand
– test station
– test technique
– test terminal
– test to failure
– test tree
– test unit
– test voltage
– test weld
– thermal test
– torsion test
– total-lot test
– toughness test
– towing test
– type test
– ultraviolet test
– unbiased test
– upsetting test
– vacuum test
– vibration-survival test
– voltage test
– Votchal-Tiffeneau test
– warranty test
– wear test
– weld test
– weldability test
Abel test for convergence — <math.> признак сходимости Абеля
distribution-free test of fit — непараметрический критерий согласия
international test conference — международная конференция по методам и средствам испытаний
most powerful test — <math.> критерий наиболее мощный
notched test bar — <metal.> образец надрезанный
pulse-reflection ultrasonic test — ультразвуковая дефектоскопия эхом
standard test solution — <energ.> раствор модельный
test compression factor — <comput.> коэффициент сжатия тестов
test for uniform convergence — признак равномерной сходимости
test statistical hypothesis — проверять статистическую гипотезу
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76 ring
[rɪŋ] 1. n( on finger) pierścionek m; ( large) pierścień m; (also: wedding ring) obrączka f; (for keys, of smoke) kółko nt; (of people, objects) krąg m, koło nt; ( of spies) siatka f; ( of drug-dealers) gang m; ( for boxing) ring m; (of circus, for bullfighting) arena f; ( on cooker) palnik m; ( sound of bell) dzwonek m2. vi; pt rang, pp rung 3. vt; pt rang, pp rung ( BRIT)( TEL) dzwonić (zadzwonić perf) do +gen; ( mark) zakreślać (zakreślić perf), brać (wziąć perf) w kółeczko (inf)to give sb a ring ( BRIT) — dzwonić (zadzwonić perf) do kogoś
to ring true/false — brzmieć szczerze/fałszywie
to run rings round sb ( inf, fig) — bić kogoś na głowę (inf)
Phrasal Verbs:- ring off- ring up* * *I 1. [riŋ] noun1) (a small circle eg of gold or silver, sometimes having a jewel set in it, worn on the finger: a wedding ring; She wears a diamond ring.) pierścionek2) (a circle of metal, wood etc for any of various purposes: a scarf-ring; a key-ring; The trap-door had a ring attached for lifting it.) pierścień, kółko3) (anything which is like a circle in shape: The children formed a ring round their teacher; The hot teapot left a ring on the polished table.) koło4) (an enclosed space for boxing matches, circus performances etc: the circus-ring; The crowd cheered as the boxer entered the ring.) ring5) (a small group of people formed for business or criminal purposes: a drugs ring.) krąg, szajka2. verb( verb)1) (to form a ring round.) otaczać kołem2) (to put, draw etc a ring round (something): He has ringed all your errors.) zakreślić3) (to put a ring on the leg of (a bird) as a means of identifying it.) obrączkować•- ringlet
- ring finger
- ringleader
- ringmaster
- run rings round II 1. [riŋ] past tense - rang; verb1) (to (cause to) sound: The doorbell rang; He rang the doorbell; The telephone rang.) (za)dzwonić2) ((often with up) to telephone (someone): I'll ring you (up) tonight.) zadzwonić do3) ((often with for) to ring a bell (eg in a hotel) to tell someone to come, to bring something etc: She rang for the maid.) zadzwonić (na)4) ((of certain objects) to make a high sound like a bell: The glass rang as she hit it with a metal spoon.) zadzwonić5) (to be filled with sound: The hall rang with the sound of laughter.) rozbrzmiewać6) ((often with out) to make a loud, clear sound: His voice rang through the house; A shot rang out.) rozlegać się2. noun1) (the act or sound of ringing: the ring of a telephone.) dzwonek2) (a telephone call: I'll give you a ring.) rozmowa telefoniczna3) (a suggestion, impression or feeling: His story has a ring of truth about it.) brzmienie, nuta•- ring back
- ring off
- ring true -
77 draw
A n2 ( tie) ( in match) match m nul ; it was a draw ( in match) ils ont fait match nul ; ( in race) ils sont arrivés ex aequo ;3 ( attraction) (person, film, event, place) attraction f ; Bob Dylan was the big draw Bob Dylan était la grande attraction ;4 (on cigarette, pipe) bouffée f ;1 ( on paper etc) faire [picture, plan, portrait, sketch, cartoon] ; dessiner [person, face, object, diagram] ; tracer [line, circle, square] ; to draw a picture lit faire un dessin, dessiner ; to draw (a picture of) a boat dessiner un bateau ; to draw a map ( giving directions) faire un plan ; ( in school) dessiner une carte ; to draw sb sth, to draw sth for sb faire qch à qn [picture, plan, cartoon, sketch] ; dessiner qch à qn [person, face, object, diagram] ;3 ( pull) [animal, car, engine] tirer [object, cart, rope, plough] ; [machine, suction] aspirer [liquid, gas] ; to draw a plough along tirer une charrue ; the water is drawn along the pipe l'eau est aspirée dans le tuyau ; I drew the book towards me j'ai tiré le livre vers moi ; he drew the child towards him il a attiré l'enfant vers lui ; to draw a bolt/the curtains tirer un verrou/les rideaux ; I drew the string as tight as I could j'ai tiré sur la ficelle aussi fort que j'ai pu ; she drew a ten pound note from her purse elle a tiré un billet de dix livres de son porte-monnaie ; he drew his finger along the shelf il a passé un doigt sur l'étagère ; to draw a handkerchief across one's forehead/a comb through ones' hair se passer un mouchoir sur le front/un peigne dans les cheveux ; she drew his arm through hers elle a passé son bras sous le sien ; she drew her shawl round her shoulders elle a resserré son châle autour de ses épaules ; to draw water from a well tirer de l'eau d'un puits ; to draw a pint of beer ≈ tirer un demi-litre de bière à la pression ; to draw blood lit provoquer un saignement ; to draw a bow bander un arc ;4 ( derive) tirer [conclusion] (from de) ; I drew comfort from the fact that/from doing cela m'a un peu réconforté de savoir que/de faire ; to draw a lesson/a moral from sth tirer une leçon/une morale de qch ; to draw inspiration from sth puiser de l'inspiration dans qch ; he drew hope/encouragement from this cela lui a donné de l'espoir/du courage ; to be drawn from [energy, information] provenir de ; his friends/our readers are drawn from all walks of life ses amis/nos lecteurs viennent de tous les horizons ;5 ( cause to talk) faire parler [person] (about, on de) ; I'd hoped she'd tell me, but she wouldn't be drawn ou she refused to be drawn j'avais espéré qu'elle me le dirait, mais elle a refusé de parler ; to draw sth from ou out of sb obtenir qch de qn [information] ; faire dire or arracher qch à qn [truth] ; she drew tears of laughter from the audience elle a fait rire son public aux larmes ; I managed to draw a smile from him j'ai réussi à lui arracher un sourire ;6 ( attract) [person, event, film] attirer [crowd, person] (to vers) ; susciter [reaction, criticism, praise, interest] ; the idea drew much criticism from both sides/from the experts l'idée a suscité de nombreuses critiques des deux côtés/chez les experts ; the course draws students from all over the world le cours attire des étudiants du monde entier ; his speech drew great applause son discours a soulevé des applaudissements ; to draw sb's attention to sth attirer l'attention de qn sur qch ; to draw attention to oneself attirer l'attention sur soi ; to feel drawn to sb se sentir attiré vers qn ; to draw sb to attirer qn vers [person, religion] ; pousser qn vers [profession] ; the sound of the explosion drew her to the window le bruit de l'explosion l'a attirée à la fenêtre ; to draw sb into mêler qn à [conversation] ; entraîner qn dans [argument, battle] ; I'm not going to be drawn into an argument with you je ne vais pas me laisser entraîner dans une dispute avec toi ; they were drawn together by their love of animals leur amour des animaux les a rapprochés ; to draw the enemy fire offrir un cible au feu ennemi ; I'll draw their fire je ferai diversion ;7 Fin ( take out) retirer [money] (from de) ; tirer [cheque, bill of exchange, promissory note] (on sur) ; ( receive) toucher [wages, pension] ;8 Games ( choose at random) tirer [qch] au sort [name, ticket, winner] ; they asked him to draw the winner (out of the hat) ils lui ont demandé de tirer au sort le gagnant ; to draw a winning ticket [competitor] tirer un billet gagnant ; Italy has been drawn against Spain ou to play Spain le tirage au sort a désigné l'Italie comme adversaire de l'Espagne ; Jones drew Smith in the first round le tirage au sort a désigné Smith comme adversaire de Jones au premier tour ;9 Sport to draw a match faire match nul ;10 (remove, pull out) extraire [tooth] ; retirer, enlever [thorn, splinter, sting] (from de) ; retirer [cork] (from de) ; dégainer, sortir [sword, dagger] ; sortir [knife, gun] ; tirer [card] ; to draw a gun on sb sortir un pistolet et le braquer sur qn ; to draw a knife on sb sortir un couteau pour en menacer qn ; with drawn sword l'épée dégainée ;12 Hunt suivre la voie de [animal] ;13 Games to draw trumps tirer ses atouts ;14 Tech étirer [wire, metal, glass] ;15 Naut the ship draws six metres le navire a un tirant d'eau de six mètres ;16 † ( run) faire couler [bath].1 ( make picture) dessiner ; he draws very well il dessine très bien ; to draw round ou around sth dessiner en suivant les contours de [hand, template] ;2 ( move) to draw ahead (of sth/sb) lit [vehicle, person] gagner du terrain (sur qch/qn) ; fig [person, company] prendre de l'avance (sur qch/qn) ; to draw alongside [boat] accoster ; the car drew alongside the lorry la voiture s'est mise à côté du camion ; to draw close ou near [time, date, ordeal] approcher ; the time/day is drawing close when… l'heure/le jour approche où… ; they drew nearer to listen ils se sont rapprochés pour écouter ; to draw into [bus] arriver à [station] ; the train drew into the station le train est entré en gare ; to draw level se retrouver au même niveau ; to draw level with the other athletes ( in score) se retrouver au même niveau que les autres athlètes ; ( in race) rattraper les autres athlètes ; to draw over [vehicle] ( stop) se ranger ; ( still moving) se rabattre vers le bas-côté ; the lorry drew over to the right-hand side of the road le camion s'est rangé sur la voie de droite ; to draw to one side [person] s'écarter ; to draw round ou around [people] se rassembler ; they drew round the teacher ils se sont rassemblés autour du professeur ; to draw to a halt s'arrêter ; to draw to a close ou an end [day, event, life] toucher à sa fin ;3 gen, Sport ( in match) [teams] faire match nul ; ( finish at same time in race) [runners, racers] arriver ex aequo ; (finish equal, with same points) se retrouver ex aequo ; they drew for second place ils sont arrivés deuxièmes ex aequo ; X drew with Y ( in match) X a fait match nul avec Y ; ( in race) X est arrivé ex aequo avec Y ;4 ( choose at random) to draw for sth tirer qch (au sort) ; they drew for partners ils ont tiré leurs partenaires (au sort) ;5 [chimney, pipe] tirer ; [pump, vacuum cleaner] aspirer ; to draw on ou at one's pipe/cigarette tirer sur sa pipe/sa cigarette ;6 [tea] infuser.to be quick/slow on the draw ○ ( in understanding) avoir l'esprit vif/lent ; ( in replying) avoir/ne pas avoir la repartie facile ; [cowboy] dégainer/ne pas dégainer vite ; to beat sb to the draw [rival, competitor] devancer qn ; [cowboy] dégainer plus vite que qn ; to draw the line fixer des limites ; you've got to draw the line somewhere il faut savoir fixer des limites ; to draw the line at doing se refuser à faire ; she drew the line at blackmail elle se refusait à faire du chantage ; I draw the line at violence je n'irai pas jusqu'à la violence ; the union agreed to longer working hours but drew the line at wage cuts le syndicat a accepté une augmentation des heures de travail mais a refusé une baisse des salaires.■ draw apart:▶ draw apart [two people] se séparer ; the land masses drew apart les masses de terre se sont éloignées les unes des autres.■ draw aside:▶ draw [sth] aside, draw aside [sth] écarter [curtain, screen, object] ;▶ draw [sb] aside prendre qn à part.■ draw away:▶ draw away [vehicle, train, person] ( move off) s'éloigner (from de) ; ( move ahead) prendre de l'avance (from sur) ; [person] (move away, recoil) avoir un mouvement de recul ;▶ draw [sth] away, draw away [sth] retirer [hand, foot] ; draw the chair away from the fire éloigne la chaise du feu ;▶ draw [sb] away from éloigner qn de [fire, scene] ; distraire qn de [book, task].■ draw back:▶ draw back (move back, recoil) reculer ;▶ draw [sth] back, draw back [sth] ouvrir [curtains] ; [person] retirer [hand, foot] ;▶ draw [sb] back, draw back [sb] faire revenir [person] ; the company will have difficulty drawing its customers back la société aura du mal à récupérer ses clients.■ draw down:▶ draw [sth] down, draw down [sth] baisser [blind, screen, veil].■ draw in:▶ draw in1 [days] raccourcir ; the nights are drawing in les jours raccourcissent ;▶ draw [sth] in, draw in [sth]2 tirer sur [reins, rope, lead] ; rentrer [stomach, claws] ;3 ( suck in) [person] aspirer [air] ; [pump, machine] aspirer [liquid, gas, air] ; to draw in one's breath inspirer ;4 ( attract) attirer [people, funds].■ draw off:▶ draw [sth] off, draw off [sth] tirer [beer, water] ; Med évacuer [fluid] ; retirer, ôter [gloves].■ draw on:▶ draw on ( approach) [time, date, season] approcher ; ( pass) [time] passer ; [evening, day, season] (s')avancer ;▶ draw on [sth] puiser dans, exploiter [skills, strength, reserves, savings] ; in her novels she draws on childhood memories pour écrire ses romans elle s'inspire de ses souvenirs d'enfance ; the report draws on information from… le rapport tire des informations de… ; to draw on one's experience faire appel à son expérience ;▶ draw on [sth], draw [sth] on enfiler [gloves, shoes, garment].■ draw out:▶ draw out1 ( leave) [train, bus] partir ; the train drew out of the station le train a quitté la gare ; a car drew out in front of me une voiture a déboîté devant moi ;▶ draw [sth] out, draw out [sth]1 gen tirer [handkerchief, purse, cigarette, knife] (from, out of de) ; retirer [splinter, nail, cork] (from, out of de) ; extraire [tooth] ; aspirer [liquid, air] ;2 Fin retirer [cash, money, balance] ;3 ( cause to last longer) faire durer [meeting, speech, meal] ; ( unnecessarily) faire traîner [meeting, speech, meal] ;4 ( extract) obtenir [information, confession] ; ( using force) soutirer [information, confession] ; they managed to draw a confession out of him ils ont réussi à lui soutirer des aveux ;▶ draw [sb] out ( make less shy) faire sortir [qn] de sa coquille ; I managed to draw him out of his silence j'ai réussi à le sortir de son silence ; I drew the old man out about the war j'ai fait parler le vieil homme de la guerre.■ draw up:▶ draw up [sth], draw [sth] up1 établir [contract, criteria, budget, programme, proposals, questionnaire] ; dresser, établir [list, inventory, plan] ; rédiger, établir [report] ; faire [will] ;2 ( pull upwards) hisser [bucket] ;3 ( bring) approcher [chair, stool] (to de) ;4 ( gather up) tirer sur [thread, drawstring] ;▶ draw oneself up se redresser ; she drew herself up to her full height elle s'est redressée de toute sa hauteur. -
78 set
set [set]jeu ⇒ 1 (a) série ⇒ 1 (a) ensemble ⇒ 1 (a), 1 (c) cercle ⇒ 1 (b) appareil ⇒ 1 (d) poste ⇒ 1 (d) set ⇒ 1 (e) fixe ⇒ 2 (a) arrêté ⇒ 2 (b) figé ⇒ 2 (b) résolu ⇒ 2 (c) prêt ⇒ 2 (d) mettre ⇒ 3 (a), 3 (c), 3 (d) poser ⇒ 3 (a), 3 (c), 3 (e), 3 (i) situer ⇒ 3 (b) régler ⇒ 3 (c) fixer ⇒ 3 (f), 3 (i) établir ⇒ 3 (f) faire prendre ⇒ 3 (h) se coucher ⇒ 4 (a) prendre ⇒ 4 (b)1 noun(a) (of tools, keys, golf clubs, sails) jeu m; (of numbers, names, instructions, stamps, weights) série f; (of books) collection f; (of furniture) ensemble m; (of cutlery, dishes, glasses) service m; (of lingerie) parure f; (of wheels) train m; (of facts, conditions, characteristics, data) ensemble m; (of events, decisions, questions) série f, suite f; Typography (of proofs, characters) jeu m; Computing (of characters, instructions) jeu m, ensemble m;∎ a set of matching luggage un ensemble de valises assorties;∎ a set of table/bed linen une parure de table/de lit;∎ a set of sheets une parure de lit;∎ badminton/chess set jeu m de badminton/d'échecs;∎ they're playing with Damian's train set ils jouent avec le train électrique de Damian;∎ the cups/the chairs are sold in sets of six les tasses/les chaises sont vendues par six;∎ I can't break up the set je ne peux pas les dépareiller;∎ they make a set ils vont ensemble;∎ to collect the (whole) set rassembler toute la collection, faire la collection;∎ he made me a duplicate set (of keys) il m'a fait un double des clés; (of contact lenses) il m'en a fait une autre paire;∎ a full set of the encyclopedia une encyclopédie complète;∎ a full set of Tolstoy's works les œuvres complètes de Tolstoï;∎ they've detected two sets of fingerprints ils ont relevé deux séries d'empreintes digitales ou les empreintes digitales de deux personnes;∎ given another set of circumstances, things might have turned out differently dans d'autres circonstances, les choses auraient pu se passer différemment;∎ the first set of reforms la première série ou le premier train de réformes;∎ they ran a whole set of tests on me ils m'ont fait subir toute une série d'examens(b) (social group) cercle m, milieu m;∎ he's not in our set il n'appartient pas à notre cercle;∎ we don't go around in the same set nous ne fréquentons pas le même milieu ou monde;∎ the riding/yachting set le monde ou milieu de l'équitation/du yachting;∎ the literary set les milieux mpl littéraires;∎ the Markham set Markham et ses amis(c) Mathematics ensemble m∎ a colour TV set un poste de télévision ou un téléviseur couleur∎ first set to Miss Williams set Williams∎ on (the) set Cinema & Television sur le plateau; Theatre sur scène(g) (part of performance → by singer, group)∎ he'll be playing two sets tonight il va jouer à deux reprises ce soir;∎ her second set was livelier la deuxième partie de son spectacle a été plus animée(i) (for hair) mise f en plis;∎ to have a set se faire faire une mise en plis∎ I could tell he was angry by the set of his jaw rien qu'à la façon dont il serrait les mâchoires, j'ai compris qu'il était en colère(k) (direction → of wind, current) direction f;∎ suddenly the set of the wind changed le vent a tourné soudainement∎ tomato/tulip sets tomates fpl/tulipes fpl à repiquer(n) (clutch of eggs) couvée f(q) (of badger) terrier m(a) (specified, prescribed → rule, price, quantity, sum, wage) fixe;∎ meals are at set times les repas sont servis à heures fixes;∎ there are no set rules for raising children il n'y a pas de règles toutes faites pour l'éducation des enfants;∎ the tasks must be done in the set order les tâches doivent être accomplies dans l'ordre prescrit;∎ with no set purpose sans but précis∎ her day followed a set routine sa journée se déroulait selon un rituel immuable;∎ he has a set way of doing it il a sa méthode pour le faire;∎ to be set in one's ways avoir ses (petites) habitudes;∎ to become set in one's views devenir rigide dans ses opinions(c) (intent, resolute) résolu, déterminé;∎ to be set on or upon sth vouloir qch à tout prix;∎ I'm (dead) set on finishing it tonight je suis (absolument) déterminé à le finir ce soir;∎ he's dead set against it il s'y oppose formellement(d) (ready, in position) prêt;∎ are you (all) set to go? êtes-vous prêt à partir?∎ he seems well set to win il semble être sur la bonne voie ou être bien parti pour gagner;∎ house prices are set to rise steeply les prix de l'immobilier vont vraisemblablement monter en flèche∎ one of our set books is 'Oliver Twist' un des ouvrages au programme est 'Oliver Twist'(a) (put in specified place or position) mettre, poser;∎ he set his cases down on the platform il posa ses valises sur le quai;∎ she set the steaming bowl before him elle plaça le bol fumant devant lui;∎ to set a proposal before the board présenter un projet au conseil d'administration;∎ to set sb on his/her feet again remettre qn sur pied;∎ to set a match to sth mettre le feu à qch;∎ to set sb ashore débarquer qn(b) (usu passive) (locate, situate → building, story) situer;∎ the house is set in large grounds la maison est située dans un grand parc;∎ his eyes are set too close together ses yeux sont trop rapprochés;∎ the story is set in Tokyo l'histoire se passe ou se déroule à Tokyo;∎ her novels are set in the 18th century ses romans se passent au XVIIIème siècle∎ I set my watch to New York time j'ai réglé ma montre à l'heure de New York;∎ set your watches an hour ahead avancez vos montres d'une heure;∎ he's so punctual you can set your watch by him! il est si ponctuel qu'on peut régler sa montre sur lui!;∎ I've set the alarm for six j'ai mis le réveil à (sonner pour) six heures;∎ how do I set the margins? comment est-ce que je fais pour placer les marges?;∎ set the timer for one hour mettez le minuteur sur une heure;∎ first set the control knob to the desired temperature mettez tout d'abord le bouton de réglage sur la température voulue;∎ the lever was set in the off position le levier était sur "arrêt"∎ the handles are set into the drawers les poignées sont encastrées dans les tiroirs;∎ there was a peephole set in the door il y avait un judas dans la porte;∎ to set a stake in the ground enfoncer ou planter un pieu dans la terre;∎ metal bars had been set in the concrete des barres en métal avaient été fixées dans le béton;∎ the brooch was set with pearls la broche était sertie de perles;∎ the ruby was set in a simple ring le rubis était monté sur un simple anneau;∎ Medicine to set a bone réduire une fracture;∎ figurative his face was set in a frown son visage était figé dans une grimace renfrognée;∎ she set her jaw and refused to budge elle serra les dents et refusa de bouger;∎ we had set ourselves to resist nous étions déterminés à résister(e) (lay, prepare in advance → trap) poser, tendre;∎ to set the table mettre le couvert ou la table;∎ to set the table for two mettre deux couverts;∎ set an extra place at table rajoutez un couvert(f) (establish → date, price, schedule, terms) fixer, déterminer; (→ rule, guideline, objective, target) établir; (→ mood, precedent) créer;∎ they still haven't set a date for the party ils n'ont toujours pas fixé de date pour la réception;∎ you've set yourself a tough deadline or a tough deadline for yourself vous vous êtes fixé un délai très court;∎ it's up to them to set their own production targets c'est à eux d'établir ou de fixer leurs propres objectifs de production;∎ a deficit ceiling has been set un plafonnement du déficit a été imposé ou fixé ou décidé;∎ to set a value on sth décider de la valeur de qch;∎ figurative they set a high value on creativity ils accordent une grande valeur à la créativité;∎ the price was set at £500 le prix a été fixé à 500 livres;∎ the judge set bail at $1,000 le juge a fixé la caution à 1000 dollars;∎ how are exchange rates set? comment les taux de change sont-ils déterminés?;∎ to set an age limit at… fixer une limite d'âge à…;∎ to set a new fashion or trend lancer une nouvelle mode;∎ to set a new world record établir un nouveau record mondial;∎ to set the tone for or of sth donner le ton de qch∎ to set sth alight or on fire mettre le feu à qch;∎ it sets my nerves on edge ça me crispe;∎ also figurative she set me in the right direction elle m'a mis sur la bonne voie;∎ to set sb against sb monter qn contre qn;∎ he/the incident set the taxman on my trail il/l'incident a mis le fisc sur ma piste;∎ to set the dogs on sb lâcher les chiens sur qn;∎ the incident set the family against him l'incident a monté la famille contre lui;∎ it will set the country on the road to economic recovery cela va mettre le pays sur la voie de la reprise économique;∎ his failure set him thinking son échec lui a donné à réfléchir;∎ the scandal will set the whole town talking le scandale va faire jaser toute la ville;∎ to set the dog barking faire aboyer le chien;∎ the wind set the leaves dancing le vent a fait frissonner les feuilles;∎ to set a machine going mettre une machine en marche(h) (solidify → yoghurt, jelly, concrete) faire prendre;∎ pectin will help to set the jam la pectine aidera à épaissir la confiture∎ the strikers' demands set the management a difficult problem les exigences des grévistes posent un problème difficile à la direction;∎ I set them to work tidying the garden je les ai mis au désherbage du jardin;∎ I've set myself the task of writing to them regularly je me suis fixé la tâche de leur écrire régulièrement∎ she set the class a maths exercise, she set a maths exercise for the class elle a donné un exercice de maths à la classe;∎ who sets the test questions? qui choisit les questions de l'épreuve?∎ to set sb's hair faire une mise en plis à qn;∎ and I've just had my hair set! et je viens de me faire faire une mise en plis!;∎ I set my own hair je me fais moi-même mes mises en plis∎ to set type composer∎ to set sth to music mettre qch en musique(a) (sun, moon, stars) se coucher;∎ we saw the sun setting nous avons vu le coucher du soleil(b) (become firm → glue, cement, plaster, jelly, yoghurt) prendre;∎ her features had set in an expression of determination ses traits s'étaient durcis en une expression de très forte détermination∎ he set to work il s'est mis au travail(e) (plant, tree) prendre racine(g) (wind, tide)∎ the wind looks set fair to the east on dirait un vent d'ouest►► Theatre, Cinema & Television set designer décorateur(trice) m,f;Grammar set expression expression f figée;set figures (in skating) figures fpl imposées;set meal, set menu meal menu m;Grammar set phrase expression f figée;(b) (fireworks) pièce f (de feu) d'artifice(c) (of scenery) élément m de décorSport set point (in tennis) balle f de set;Technology set screw vis f de réglage;Sport set scrum (in rugby) mêlée f fermée;set square équerre f (à dessiner);set task tâche f assignée;∎ to give sb a set task to do assigner à qn une tâche bien précise;Mathematics set theory théorie f des ensembles(a) (start → task) se mettre à;∎ she set about changing the tyre elle s'est mise à changer le pneu;∎ I didn't know how to set about it je ne savais pas comment m'y prendre;∎ how does one set about getting a visa? comment fait-on pour obtenir un visa?∎ he set about the mugger with his umbrella il s'en est pris à son agresseur à coups de parapluie∎ to set sth against sth comparer qch à qch;∎ to set the benefits against the costs évaluer les bénéfices par rapport aux coûts;∎ we must set the government's promises against its achievements nous devons examiner les promesses du gouvernement à la lumière de ses actions∎ some of these expenses can be set against tax certaines de ces dépenses peuvent être déduites des impôts(c) (friends, family) monter contre;∎ religious differences have set family against family les différences religieuses ont monté les familles les unes contre les autres;∎ to set oneself or one's face against sth s'opposer résolument à qch∎ to set the clock ahead avancer l'horloge;∎ we're setting the clocks ahead tonight on change d'heure cette nuit(a) (place separately → object) mettre à part ou de côté;∎ there was one deck chair set slightly apart from the others il y avait une chaise longue un peu à l'écart des autres;∎ they set themselves apart ils faisaient bande à part∎ her talent sets her apart from the other students son talent la distingue des autres étudiants(a) (put down → knitting, book) poser;∎ could you set aside what you're working on for a while? pouvez-vous laisser ce que vous êtes en train de faire un moment?(b) (reserve, keep → time, place) réserver; (→ money) mettre de côté; (→ arable land) mettre en friche;∎ I've set tomorrow aside for house hunting j'ai réservé la journée de demain pour chercher une maison;∎ the room is set aside for meetings la pièce est réservée aux réunions;∎ can you set the book aside for me? pourriez-vous me mettre ce livre de côté?;∎ chop the onions and set them aside coupez les oignons et réservez-les(c) (overlook, disregard) mettre de côté, oublier, passer sur;∎ they set their differences aside in order to work together ils ont mis de côté leurs différences pour travailler ensemble(d) (reject → dogma, proposal, offer) rejeter∎ the building is set back slightly from the road l'immeuble est un peu en retrait par rapport à la route(b) (delay → plans, progress) retarder;∎ his illness set him back a month in his work sa maladie l'a retardé d'un mois dans son travail;∎ the news may set him or his recovery back la nouvelle risque de retarder sa guérison;∎ this decision will set the economy back ten years cette décision va faire revenir l'économie dix ans en arrière∎ the trip will set her back a bit le voyage va lui coûter cher(a) (tray, bag etc) poser∎ the bus sets you down in front of the station le bus vous dépose devant la gare(c) (note, record) noter, inscrire;∎ try and set your thoughts down on paper essayez de mettre vos pensées par écrit(d) (establish → rule, condition) établir, fixer;∎ the government has set down a margin for pay increases le gouvernement a fixé une fourchette pour les augmentations de salaire;∎ permissible levels of pollution are set down in the regulations les taux de pollution tolérés sont fixés dans les réglementations;∎ to set sth down in writing coucher qch par écrit;∎ it is clearly set down that drivers must be insured il est clairement signalé ou indiqué que tout conducteur doit être assuréformal (expound → plan, objections) exposer, présenter;∎ the recommendations are set forth in the last chapter les recommandations sont détaillées ou énumérées dans le dernier chapitreliterary partir, se mettre en route➲ set in∎ if infection sets in si la plaie s'infecte;∎ the bad weather has set in for the winter le mauvais temps s'est installé pour tout l'hiver;➲ set off(b) (reaction, process, war) déclencher, provoquer;∎ their offer set off another round of talks leur proposition a déclenché une autre série de négociations;∎ it set her off on a long tirade against bureaucracy cela eut pour effet de la lancer dans une longue tirade contre la bureaucratie;∎ to set sb off laughing faire rire qn;∎ this answer set them off (laughing) cette réponse a déclenché les rires;∎ one look at his face set me off again en le voyant, mon fou rire a repris de plus belle;∎ if you say anything it'll only set him off (crying) again si tu dis quoi que ce soit, il va se remettre à pleurer;∎ the smallest amount of pollen will set her off la moindre dose de pollen lui déclenche une réaction allergique;∎ don't mention Maradona or you'll set him off again surtout ne prononce pas le nom de Maradona sinon il va recommencer;∎ someone mentioned the war and of course that set Uncle Arthur off quelqu'un prononça le mot guerre, et évidemment, oncle Arthur embraya aussitôt sur le sujet;∎ figurative to set sb off on the wrong track mettre qn sur une fausse piste∎ the vase sets off the flowers beautifully le vase met vraiment les fleurs en valeur∎ some of these expenses can be set off against tax certaines de ces dépenses peuvent être déduites des impôtspartir, se mettre en route;∎ he set off at a run il est parti en courant;∎ I set off to explore the town je suis parti explorer la ville;∎ after lunch, we set off again après le déjeuner, nous avons repris la route➲ set on(attack) attaquer, s'en prendre à∎ to set the police on the tracks of a thief mettre la police aux trousses d'un voleur;∎ to set sb on his/her way mettre qn sur les rails∎ to set a dog on sb lâcher un chien sur qn➲ set out∎ the shopping centre is very well set out le centre commercial est très bien conçu(b) (present → ideas) exposer, présenter;∎ the information is set out in the table below ces données sont présentées dans le tableau ci-dessous∎ just as he was setting out au moment de son départ;∎ to set out for school partir pour l'école;∎ to set out again repartir;∎ to set out in pursuit/in search of sb se mettre à la poursuite/à la recherche de qn(b) (undertake course of action) entreprendre;∎ he has trouble finishing what he sets out to do il a du mal à terminer ce qu'il entreprend;∎ I can't remember now what I set out to do je ne me souviens plus de ce que je voulais faire à l'origine;∎ they all set out with the intention of changing the world au début, ils veulent tous changer le monde;∎ she didn't deliberately set out to annoy you il n'était pas dans ses intentions de vous froisser;∎ his theory sets out to prove that… sa théorie a pour objet de prouver que…(a) (begin work) commencer, s'y mettre;∎ we set to with a will nous nous y sommes mis avec ardeur(b) familiar (two people → start arguing) avoir une prise de bec; (→ start fighting) en venir aux mains➲ set up(a) (install → equipment, computer) installer; (→ roadblock) installer, disposer; (→ experiment) préparer;∎ everything's set up for the show tout est préparé ou prêt pour le spectacle;∎ set the chairs up in a circle mettez ou disposez les chaises en cercle;∎ he set the chessboard up il a disposé les pièces sur l'échiquier;∎ the equation sets up a relation between the two variables l'équation établit un rapport entre les deux variables;∎ the system wasn't set up to handle so many users le système n'était pas conçu pour gérer autant d'usagers;∎ he set the situation up so she couldn't refuse il a arrangé la situation de telle manière qu'elle ne pouvait pas refuser(b) (erect, build → tent, furniture kit, crane, flagpole) monter; (→ shed, shelter) construire; (→ monument, statue) ériger;∎ to set up camp installer ou dresser le camp(c) (start up, institute → business, scholarship) créer; (→ hospital, school) fonder; (→ committee, task force) constituer; (→ system of government, republic) instaurer; (→ programme, review process, system) mettre en place; (→ inquiry) ouvrir; (→ dinner, meeting, appointment) organiser;∎ to set up house or home s'installer;∎ they set up house together ils se sont mis en ménage;∎ to set up a dialogue entamer le dialogue;∎ you'll be in charge of setting up training programmes vous serez responsable de la mise en place des programmes de formation;∎ the medical system set up after the war le système médical mis en place après la guerre(d) (financially, in business → person) installer, établir;∎ he set his son up in a dry-cleaning business il a acheté à son fils une entreprise de nettoyage à sec;∎ she could finally set herself up as an accountant elle pourrait enfin s'installer comme comptable;∎ the money would set him up for life l'argent le mettrait à l'abri du besoin pour le restant de ses jours;∎ the army set him up as a dictator l'armée l'installa comme dictateur∎ we're well set up with supplies nous sommes bien approvisionnés;∎ she can set you up with a guide/the necessary papers elle peut vous procurer un guide/les papiers qu'il vous faut;∎ I can set you up with a girlfriend of mine je peux te présenter à ou te faire rencontrer une de mes copines(f) (restore energy to) remonter, remettre sur pied;∎ have a brandy, that'll set you up prends un cognac, ça va te remonter∎ she claims she was set up elle prétend qu'elle est victime d'un coup monté;∎ he was set up as the fall guy on a fait de lui le bouc émissaire□, il a joué le rôle de bouc émissaire□s'installer, s'établir;∎ he's setting up in the fast-food business il se lance dans la restauration rapide;(physically or verbally) attaquer, s'en prendre à -
79 tratar
v.1 to treat (comportarse con) (persona, objeto).¿qué tal te trataron? how were you treated?El médico trata al paciente The doctor treats=cures the patient.2 to have dealings or contact with.la traté muy poco I didn't have much to do with her3 to treat (tema, asunto).eso lo tienes que tratar con el jefe that's something you'll have to discuss with the boss4 to treat.5 to treat (agua, sustancia, alimento).6 to process (computing) (datos, información).Ellos tratan el cuero They process the leather.7 to deal.Las empresas trataron The companies made a deal.8 to try, to make a trial, to attempt it, to attempt.Ella trató por mucho tiempo She tried for a long time.9 to handle, to maneuver, to manoeuvre.Ellos tratan sus pensamientos They handle their thoughts.* * *1 (gen - objeto) to treat, handle; (- persona) to treat2 (asunto, tema) to discuss, deal with3 (gestionar) to handle, run4 (dar tratamiento) to address as5 (calificar, considerar) to consider, call6 MEDICINA to treat7 (datos, texto) to process8 QUÍMICA to treat2 (tener tratos) to deal ( con, with)3 (negociar) to negotiate ( con, with)4 (intentar) to try (de, to)5 (versar) to be about■ trata de/sobre espías it's about spies6 COMERCIO to deal (en, in)1 (relacionarse) to talk to each other, be on speaking terms2 (llamarse) to address each other as, call each other3 (referirse) to be about\se trata de... it's a question of..., it's a matter of...* * *verb1) to treat2) handle•- tratar de* * *1. VT1) [+ persona, animal, objeto] to treathay que tratar a los animales con cariño — animals should be given plenty of affection, animals should be treated lovingly
te dejo la cámara, pero trátala bien — I'll let you have the camera, but be careful with it o treat it carefully
la vida la ha tratado muy bien — life has been very kind to her, life has treated her very well
•
tratar a algn de loco — to treat sb like a madman2) (=llamar)¿cómo le tenemos que tratar cuando nos hable? — how should we address him when he speaks to us?
•
tratar a algn de algo — to call sb sthtratar a algn de tú/usted — to address sb as "tú"/"usted"
3) (=relacionarse con)tratar a algn: ya no lo trato — I no longer have any dealings with him
me cae bien, pero no la he tratado mucho — I like her, but I haven't had a lot to do with her
4) (Med) [+ paciente, enfermedad] to treat¿qué médico te está tratando? — which doctor is giving you treatment?
5) [+ tejido, madera, residuos] to treat6) (=discutir) [+ tema] to deal with; [+ acuerdo, paz] to negotiateeste asunto tiene que tratarlo directamente con el director — you'll have to speak directly with the manager about this matter
7) (Inform) to process2. VI1)• tratar de — [libro] to be about, deal with; [personas] to talk about, discuss
ahora van a tratar del programa — they're going to talk about o discuss the programme now
2) (=intentar)•
tratar de hacer algo — to try to do sth•
tratar de que, trataré de que esta sea la última vez — I'll try to make sure that this is the last timetrata por todos los medios de que el trabajo esté acabado para mañana — try and do whatever you can to make sure that the job is done by tomorrow
3) (=relacionarse)•
tratar con algn, trato con todo tipo de gente — I deal with all sorts of peopleno había tratado con personas de esa clase — I had not previously come into contact with people like that
para tratar con animales hay que tener mucha paciencia — you have to be very patient when dealing with animals
4) (Com)•
tratar con o en algo — to deal in sthtrataban con o en pieles — they dealt in furs, they were involved in the fur trade
3.See:* * *1.verbo intransitivo1) ( intentar) to trytratar de + inf — to try to + inf
tratar de que + subj: trata de que queden a la misma altura try to get them level; trataré de que no vuelva a suceder — I'll try to make sure it doesn't happen again
2) obra/libro/película¿de qué trata el libro? — what's the book about?
3) (tener contacto, relaciones)4) (Com)2.tratar vt1)a) <persona/animal/instrumento> (+ compl) to treatb) ( llamar)tratar a alguien de usted/tú — to address somebody using the polite usted or the more familiar tú form
2) ( frecuentar)3) <tema/asunto> to deal with4)a) <paciente/enfermedad> to treatb) <sustancia/metal> to treat3.tratarse v pron1)a)tratarse con alguien — ( ser amigo de) to be friendly with somebody; ( alternar) to socialize o mix with somebody
b) (recípr)2) (+ compl)a) (recípr)se tratan de usted/tú — they address each other as `usted'/`tu'
se tratan sin ningún respeto — they have o show no respect for each other
b) (refl) ( cuidarse)tratarse bien/mal — to look after oneself well/not to look after oneself
3) (Med) to have o undergo treatment4) tratarse de (en 3a pers)a) ( ser acerca de) to be about¿de qué se trata? — what's it about?
b) ( ser cuestión de)se trata de arreglar la situación, no de discutir — we're supposed to be settling things, not arguing
si sólo se trata de eso... — if that's all it is...
* * *= address, approach, consider (as), cover, discuss, focus on/upon, get to, go into, handle, manipulate, tackle, treat, turn to, broach, give + treatment, play with, speak to, treat, pick up on, meet.Nota: Verbo irregular: pasado y participio met.Ex. The inclusion of vendors and publishers allows everyone to address sticky business relationships head-on.Ex. The searcher may be the end user, but the end user is approaching the search in some ignorance of his real requirements, or of the literature that might be available to meet those requirements.Ex. A book index is an alphabetically arranged list of words or terms leading the reader to the numbers of pages on which specific topics are considered, or on which specific names appear.Ex. The schedules are divided into two parts, one covering music scores and parts and the other concerned with music literature.Ex. This review also illustrates some of the issues which cataloguers have discussed over the years, and demonstrates other solutions to standards in cataloguing than those embodied in modern cataloguing codes.Ex. In a text such as this which focuses primarily upon controlled indexing languages and systems it is difficult to place natural language indexing in a appropriate context.Ex. 'I'll get to that, I promise! but right now I have a budget to work on!'.Ex. Although the description given here is quite lengthy, many points are glossed over, and the Manual goes into these and a number of others at length.Ex. An author's name is usually shorter than a title, and thus is arguably easier to handle and remember.Ex. Different stores offer access to distinct types of information or data and permit the information to be manipulated to varying extents.Ex. Chapter 2 tackles books, pamphlets and printed sheets, and chapter 3 is dedicated to cartographic materials.Ex. In troubleshooting, it is important to treat the cause as well as the symptom of the problem = En la solución de problemas, es importante tratar tanto la causa como el síntoma del problema.Ex. We shall turn to this distinction very shortly.Ex. Some of the consequences of this conclusion are broached in this article.Ex. In this five-day workshop we will play with the design and building of non-traditional interface solutions.Ex. Numerous articles in the library literature speak to this phenomenon but most deal with the experience of larger libraries.Ex. The author studies the factors which have impeded the spread of information on the use of thioctic acid to treat mushroom poisoning.Ex. The report picks up on this as a surprising finding, suggesting implicitly that open access journals are lagging behind in this regard.Ex. There may be a threat of over-capacity; if so, this could be met by diversification, an enlargement of the SLIS role.----* aguas residuales sin tratar = raw sewage, raw waste water.* atreverse a tratar = dare to + tread.* como si (se tratase de) = as if.* continuar tratando = pursue + Nombre + further.* cuando se trata de + Infinitivo = when it comes to + Gerundio.* de qué se trata = what it's all about.* difícil de tratar = unruly.* empezar a tratar = scratch + the surface of, scrape + the surface.* manera de tratar = avenue of approach.* no atraverse a tratar = fear to + tread.* ponerse a tratar + Algo = get down to + Nombre.* que trata de = surrounding.* seguir tratando = discuss + further.* sin tratar = untreated.* temer tratar = fear to + tread.* tratar Algo = get down to + Nombre, be under consideration.* tratar algo en detalle = go into + Algo + at length.* tratar Algo en profundidad = go into + Algo + at length.* tratar Algo imparcialmente = treat + Nombre + with an even hand.* tratar Algo justamente = treat + Nombre + with an even hand.* tratar Algo sin parcialismo = treat + Nombre + with an even hand.* tratar Algo sin rodeos = address + Nombre + head-on, meet + Nombre + head-on, tackle + Nombre + head-on, face + Nombre + head-on.* tratar Algo supercialmente = dabble in.* tratar como un objeto = objectify.* tratar como un personaje = lionise [lionize, -USA].* tratar (con) = negotiate (with).* tratar con bondad = kill + Nombre + with kindness, smother + Nombre + with kindness.* tratar con cloro = chlorinate.* tratar con condescendencia = patronise [patronize, -USA], condescend.* tratar con más detalle = discuss + in greater detail.* tratar con precaución = approach + with caution.* tratar con prudencia = treat with + caution, view with + caution.* tratar con respeto = treat with + respect.* tratar de = be about, be concerned with, deal with, take up, bear on, deal in.* tratar de abarcar más de lo que se puede = bite off more than + Pronombre + can chew.* tratar de ganar tiempo = temporise [temporize, -USA], play for + time.* tratar de igual modo = treat as + equal.* tratar de ligar = chat up.* tratar de no llamar la atención = keep + a low profile, lie + low.* tratar de pasar desapercibido = keep + a low profile, lie + low.* tratar de pasar inadvertido = keep + a low profile, lie + low.* tratar detalladamente = cover + in detail.* tratar de un modo sentimental = sentimentalise [sentimentalize, -USA].* tratar de un modo urgente = fast track.* tratar en detalle = treat + at length, discuss + at length.* tratar en profundidad = treat + in detail.* tratar específicamente = target.* tratar información = handle + information.* tratar injustamente = malign.* tratar justamente = treat + fairly.* tratar la cuestión de = get to + the issue of.* tratar la posibilidad de = discuss + the possibility of.* tratar ligeramente = skim + the surface of, touch on/upon.* tratar magníficamente = do + more than justice.* tratar mal = maltreat, manhandle.* tratar muy por encima = scratch + the surface of, scrape + the surface.* tratar por todos los medios de = take + (great) pains to.* tratar por todos los medios de + Verbo = be at pains to + Infinitivo.* tratarse de = come down to, be a question of.* tratar severamente = mete out + harsh treatment.* tratar síntomas = treat + symptoms.* tratar superficialmente = gloss over, scratch + the surface of, scrape + the surface.* tratar una cuestión = address + constraint, address + issue, address + question, consider + issue, tackle + issue, address + concern, deal with + issue, broach + issue, broach + question, grapple with + issue.* tratar una cuestión ligeramente = touch on/upon + issue.* tratar un asunto = deal with + issue.* tratar un problema = address + problem, deal with + problem, handle + problem, tackle + problem, address + limitation, grapple with + problem, treat + problem, address + concern.* tratar un problema de pasada = touch on/upon + problem.* tratar un tema = broach + subject, broach + topic, address + theme, address + topic.* tratar un tema conocido = tread + familiar ground.* tratar un tema en detalle = go into + detail.* volver a tratar = revisit.* * *1.verbo intransitivo1) ( intentar) to trytratar de + inf — to try to + inf
tratar de que + subj: trata de que queden a la misma altura try to get them level; trataré de que no vuelva a suceder — I'll try to make sure it doesn't happen again
2) obra/libro/película¿de qué trata el libro? — what's the book about?
3) (tener contacto, relaciones)4) (Com)2.tratar vt1)a) <persona/animal/instrumento> (+ compl) to treatb) ( llamar)tratar a alguien de usted/tú — to address somebody using the polite usted or the more familiar tú form
2) ( frecuentar)3) <tema/asunto> to deal with4)a) <paciente/enfermedad> to treatb) <sustancia/metal> to treat3.tratarse v pron1)a)tratarse con alguien — ( ser amigo de) to be friendly with somebody; ( alternar) to socialize o mix with somebody
b) (recípr)2) (+ compl)a) (recípr)se tratan de usted/tú — they address each other as `usted'/`tu'
se tratan sin ningún respeto — they have o show no respect for each other
b) (refl) ( cuidarse)tratarse bien/mal — to look after oneself well/not to look after oneself
3) (Med) to have o undergo treatment4) tratarse de (en 3a pers)a) ( ser acerca de) to be about¿de qué se trata? — what's it about?
b) ( ser cuestión de)se trata de arreglar la situación, no de discutir — we're supposed to be settling things, not arguing
si sólo se trata de eso... — if that's all it is...
* * *tratar (con)(v.) = negotiate (with)Ex: Their purposes was to settle the disputes between the members, to negotiate with master, to accumulate and disburse a benevolent fund, and to exact contributions for drinks and parties.
= address, approach, consider (as), cover, discuss, focus on/upon, get to, go into, handle, manipulate, tackle, treat, turn to, broach, give + treatment, play with, speak to, treat, pick up on, meet.Nota: Verbo irregular: pasado y participio met.Ex: The inclusion of vendors and publishers allows everyone to address sticky business relationships head-on.
Ex: The searcher may be the end user, but the end user is approaching the search in some ignorance of his real requirements, or of the literature that might be available to meet those requirements.Ex: A book index is an alphabetically arranged list of words or terms leading the reader to the numbers of pages on which specific topics are considered, or on which specific names appear.Ex: The schedules are divided into two parts, one covering music scores and parts and the other concerned with music literature.Ex: This review also illustrates some of the issues which cataloguers have discussed over the years, and demonstrates other solutions to standards in cataloguing than those embodied in modern cataloguing codes.Ex: In a text such as this which focuses primarily upon controlled indexing languages and systems it is difficult to place natural language indexing in a appropriate context.Ex: 'I'll get to that, I promise! but right now I have a budget to work on!'.Ex: Although the description given here is quite lengthy, many points are glossed over, and the Manual goes into these and a number of others at length.Ex: An author's name is usually shorter than a title, and thus is arguably easier to handle and remember.Ex: Different stores offer access to distinct types of information or data and permit the information to be manipulated to varying extents.Ex: Chapter 2 tackles books, pamphlets and printed sheets, and chapter 3 is dedicated to cartographic materials.Ex: In troubleshooting, it is important to treat the cause as well as the symptom of the problem = En la solución de problemas, es importante tratar tanto la causa como el síntoma del problema.Ex: We shall turn to this distinction very shortly.Ex: Some of the consequences of this conclusion are broached in this article.Ex: In this five-day workshop we will play with the design and building of non-traditional interface solutions.Ex: Numerous articles in the library literature speak to this phenomenon but most deal with the experience of larger libraries.Ex: The author studies the factors which have impeded the spread of information on the use of thioctic acid to treat mushroom poisoning.Ex: The report picks up on this as a surprising finding, suggesting implicitly that open access journals are lagging behind in this regard.Ex: There may be a threat of over-capacity; if so, this could be met by diversification, an enlargement of the SLIS role.* aguas residuales sin tratar = raw sewage, raw waste water.* atreverse a tratar = dare to + tread.* como si (se tratase de) = as if.* continuar tratando = pursue + Nombre + further.* cuando se trata de + Infinitivo = when it comes to + Gerundio.* de qué se trata = what it's all about.* difícil de tratar = unruly.* empezar a tratar = scratch + the surface of, scrape + the surface.* manera de tratar = avenue of approach.* no atraverse a tratar = fear to + tread.* ponerse a tratar + Algo = get down to + Nombre.* que trata de = surrounding.* seguir tratando = discuss + further.* sin tratar = untreated.* temer tratar = fear to + tread.* tratar Algo = get down to + Nombre, be under consideration.* tratar algo en detalle = go into + Algo + at length.* tratar Algo en profundidad = go into + Algo + at length.* tratar Algo imparcialmente = treat + Nombre + with an even hand.* tratar Algo justamente = treat + Nombre + with an even hand.* tratar Algo sin parcialismo = treat + Nombre + with an even hand.* tratar Algo sin rodeos = address + Nombre + head-on, meet + Nombre + head-on, tackle + Nombre + head-on, face + Nombre + head-on.* tratar Algo supercialmente = dabble in.* tratar como un objeto = objectify.* tratar como un personaje = lionise [lionize, -USA].* tratar (con) = negotiate (with).* tratar con bondad = kill + Nombre + with kindness, smother + Nombre + with kindness.* tratar con cloro = chlorinate.* tratar con condescendencia = patronise [patronize, -USA], condescend.* tratar con más detalle = discuss + in greater detail.* tratar con precaución = approach + with caution.* tratar con prudencia = treat with + caution, view with + caution.* tratar con respeto = treat with + respect.* tratar de = be about, be concerned with, deal with, take up, bear on, deal in.* tratar de abarcar más de lo que se puede = bite off more than + Pronombre + can chew.* tratar de ganar tiempo = temporise [temporize, -USA], play for + time.* tratar de igual modo = treat as + equal.* tratar de ligar = chat up.* tratar de no llamar la atención = keep + a low profile, lie + low.* tratar de pasar desapercibido = keep + a low profile, lie + low.* tratar de pasar inadvertido = keep + a low profile, lie + low.* tratar detalladamente = cover + in detail.* tratar de un modo sentimental = sentimentalise [sentimentalize, -USA].* tratar de un modo urgente = fast track.* tratar en detalle = treat + at length, discuss + at length.* tratar en profundidad = treat + in detail.* tratar específicamente = target.* tratar información = handle + information.* tratar injustamente = malign.* tratar justamente = treat + fairly.* tratar la cuestión de = get to + the issue of.* tratar la posibilidad de = discuss + the possibility of.* tratar ligeramente = skim + the surface of, touch on/upon.* tratar magníficamente = do + more than justice.* tratar mal = maltreat, manhandle.* tratar muy por encima = scratch + the surface of, scrape + the surface.* tratar por todos los medios de = take + (great) pains to.* tratar por todos los medios de + Verbo = be at pains to + Infinitivo.* tratarse de = come down to, be a question of.* tratar severamente = mete out + harsh treatment.* tratar síntomas = treat + symptoms.* tratar superficialmente = gloss over, scratch + the surface of, scrape + the surface.* tratar una cuestión = address + constraint, address + issue, address + question, consider + issue, tackle + issue, address + concern, deal with + issue, broach + issue, broach + question, grapple with + issue.* tratar una cuestión ligeramente = touch on/upon + issue.* tratar un asunto = deal with + issue.* tratar un problema = address + problem, deal with + problem, handle + problem, tackle + problem, address + limitation, grapple with + problem, treat + problem, address + concern.* tratar un problema de pasada = touch on/upon + problem.* tratar un tema = broach + subject, broach + topic, address + theme, address + topic.* tratar un tema conocido = tread + familiar ground.* tratar un tema en detalle = go into + detail.* volver a tratar = revisit.* * *tratar [A1 ]viA (intentar) to try tratar DE + INF to try to + INFtrate de comprender try to o ( colloq) try and understandtraten de no llegar tarde try not to be latetratar DE QUE + SUBJ:trata de que queden a la misma altura try to o ( colloq) try and get them leveltrataré de que no vuelva a suceder I'll try to make sure it doesn't happen againB«obra/libro/película»: tratar DEor SOBRE algo: ¿de qué trata el libro? what's the book about?la conferencia tratará sobre medicina alternativa the lecture will deal with o will be on the subject of alternative medicine, the theme of the lecture will be alternative medicineC (tener contacto, relaciones) tratar CON algn to deal WITH sben mi trabajo trato con gente de todo tipo in my job I deal with o come into contact with all kinds of peopletratar con él no es nada fácil he's not at all easy to get on withprefiero tratar directamente con el fabricante I prefer to deal directly with the manufacturerD ( Com) tratar EN algo to deal IN sthtratar en joyas/antigüedades to deal in jewels/antiqueslos mercaderes que trataban en esclavos/pieles the merchants who dealt o traded in slaves/furs■ tratarvtA1 ‹persona/animal/instrumento› (+ compl) to treatme tratan muy bien/como si fuera de la familia they treat me very well/as if I were one of the familytrata la guitarra con más cuidado be more careful with the guitar2 (llamar) tratar a algn DE algo to call sb sth¿me estás tratando de mentiroso? are you calling me a liar?a mi suegro nunca lo he tratado de usted I've never called my father-in-law `usted'B ‹persona›(frecuentar): lo trataba cuando era joven I saw quite a lot of him when I was youngnunca lo he tratado I have never had any contact with him o any dealings with himC ‹tema/asunto›vamos a tratar primero los puntos de mayor urgencia let's deal with o discuss the more pressing issues firstno sé cómo tratar esta cuestión I don't know how to deal with o handle this matterel libro trata la Revolución Francesa desde una óptica inusual the book looks at the French Revolution from an unusual angleesto no se puede tratar delante de los niños we can't discuss this in front of the childrenD1 ‹paciente/enfermedad› to treat2 ‹sustancia/metal/madera› to treatcultivos tratados con insectidas crops treated with insecticides■ tratarseA (relacionarse, tener contacto)1 tratarse CON algn:no me gusta la gente con la que se trata I don't like the people he mixes withse trata con gente de la alta sociedad she socializes o mixes with people from high society, she moves in high circles¿tú te tratas con los Rucabado? are you friendly with the Rucabados?2 ( recípr):somos parientes pero no nos tratamos we're related but we never see each other o we never have anything to do with each otherB (+ compl)1 ( recípr):se tratan de usted/tú they address each other as `usted'/`tú'se tratan sin ningún respeto they have o show no respect for each other2 ( refl) to treat oneself¡qué mal te tratas, eh! ( iró); you don't treat yourself badly, do you?, you know how to look after yourself, don't you?C ( Med) (seguir un tratamiento) to have o undergo treatment1 (ser acerca de) to be about¿de qué se trata? what's it about?, what does it concern? ( frml)se trata de Roy it's about Roy2(ser cuestión de): se trata de arreglar la situación, no de discutir we're supposed to be settling things, not arguingsi sólo se trata de eso, hazlo pasar ahora if that's all it is o if that's all he wants, show him in nowbueno, si se trata de echarle un vistazo nada más … OK, if it's just a question of having a quick look at it …3(ser): se trata de la estrella del equipo we're talking about o he is the star of the teamtratándose de usted, no creo que haya inconvenientes since it's for you o in your case I don't think there will be any problems* * *
tratar ( conjugate tratar) verbo intransitivo
1 ( intentar) to try;
trataré de que no vuelva a suceder I'll try to make sure it doesn't happen again
2 [obra/libro/película] tratar de algo to be about sth;
tratar sobre algo to deal with sth;
3 (tener contacto, relaciones) tratar con algn to deal with sb;
verbo transitivo
1 ‹persona/animal/instrumento› to treat;
2 ( frecuentar):
3 ‹tema/asunto› to discuss, to deal with
4a) (Med) to treat
tratarse verbo pronominal
1 tratarse con algn ( ser amigo de) to be friendly with sb;
( alternar) to socialize o mix with sb;
2 (+ compl) ( recípr):
3 (Med) to have o undergo treatment
4◊ tratarse de (en 3a pers)
◊ ¿de qué se trata? what's it about?
◊ se trata de participar, no de ganar it's a question of taking part, not of winning;
solo porque se trata de ti just because it's you
tratar
I verbo transitivo
1 (portarse) to treat
2 (cuidar) to look after, care: trátame el libro bien, look after my book
3 (dirigirse a una persona) address: nos tratamos de tú, we call each other "tú" o we're on first name terms
4 (considerar, llamar) me trató de tonto, he called me stupid
5 (someter a un proceso) to treat
6 (someter a tratamiento médico) to treat: le tienen que tratar la artritis, they have to treat his arthritis
7 (tener relación social) la he tratado muy poco, I don't know her very well
8 (considerar, discutir) to deal with: no hemos tratado la cuestión, we haven't discussed that subject
II verbo intransitivo 1 tratar de, (un libro, una película) to be about: ¿de qué trata?, what is it about?
2 (intentar) to try [de, to]
3 Com tratar en, to trade in o with 4 tratar con, (negociar) to negotiate with
' tratar' also found in these entries:
Spanish:
censurar
- defraudar
- delicada
- delicado
- drogodependencia
- ir
- girar
- hablar
- mimar
- negociar
- tú
- confianza
- curar
- debido
- huir
- manera
- miramiento
- piel
- punto
- tocar
- trato
- usted
English:
about
- address
- associate
- bid
- clutch
- deal with
- discuss
- form
- grapple
- ground
- handle
- light
- lionise
- mistreat
- muck about
- muck around
- patronize
- peer
- push through
- rubberize
- specific
- squarely
- tactfully
- tout
- treat
- try
- try on
- victimize
- attempt
- bite
- contact
- could
- cover
- deal
- favor
- grasp
- process
- profile
- raw
- seek
- snub
- tackle
- take
- thrash
- untreated
- way
* * *♦ vt1. [portarse con, manejar] to treat;¿qué tal te trataron? how were you treated?;no la trates tan mal don't be so nasty to her;la vida no la ha tratado bien life has not been kind to her;te dejo los discos, pero trátamelos bien I'll let you borrow the records, but look after them o be careful with them for me2. [paciente, enfermedad, herida] to treat;la están tratando de cáncer, le están tratando un cáncer she's being treated for cancer;el médico que la trata the doctor who is treating her3. [tener relación con] to have dealings o contact with;era compañera de clase pero la traté muy poco she was in my class, but I didn't have much to do with her4. [llamar, dirigirse a]tratar a alguien de usted/tú = to address sb using the “usted” form/the “tú” form;no hace falta que me trates de señor there's no need to call me “sir”;tratar a alguien de tonto to call sb an idiot5. [tema, asunto] to treat;el tema que trata la obra the subject of the book;hay que tratar ese asunto con cuidado this matter needs to be dealt with carefully;eso lo tienes que tratar con el jefe that's something you'll have to discuss with the boss6. [agua, sustancia, tejido, alimento] to treat♦ vitrata de comprenderlo, por favor please try to understand;trataré de no equivocarme I'll try not to get it wrong;sólo trataba de que estuvieras más cómodo I was only trying to make you more comfortable¿de qué trata el documental? what's the documentary about o on?;la ponencia trata sobre contaminación acústica the paper is about o on noise pollutionen mi trabajo tengo que tratar con todo tipo de gente I have to deal with all sorts of people in my job;trata con gente muy rara she mixes with some very strange people;RPtratar a alguien con pinzas to handle sb with kid gloves* * *I v/t1 treat2 ( manejar) handletratar a alguien de tú address s.o. informally, use the tú form with s.o.;tratar a alguien de usted address s.o. formally, use the usted form with s.o.4 gente come into contact with5 tema deal withII v/i:1:tratar con alguien deal with s.o.2:3 COM:tratar en deal in* * *tratar vi1)tratar con : to deal with, to have contact withno trato mucho con los clientes: I don't have much contact with customers2)tratar de : to try toestoy tratando de comer: I am trying to eat3)tratar de ortratar sobre : to be about, to concernel libro trata de las plantas: the book is about plants4)tratar en : to deal intrata en herramientas: he deals in toolstratar vt1) : to treattratan bien a sus empleados: they treat their employees well2) : to handletrató el tema con delicadeza: he handled the subject tactfully* * *tratar vb1. (en general) to treat3. (hablar) to discuss4. (referirse) to be about -
80 rule
1. noun1) (principle) Regel, diethe rules of the game — (lit. or fig.) die Spielregeln
stick to or play by the rules — (lit. or fig.) sich an die Spielregeln halten
be against the rules — regelwidrig sein; (fig.) gegen die Spielregeln verstoßen
rule of thumb — Faustregel, die
2) (custom) Regel, diethe rule of the house is that... — in diesem Haus ist es üblich, dass...
2. transitive verbthe rule of law — die Autorität des Gesetzes
1) (control) beherrschen2) (be the ruler of) regieren; [Monarch, Diktator usw.:] herrschen über (+ Akk.)rule the roost [in the house] — Herr im Hause sein
3) (give as decision) entscheiden3. intransitive verbrule a motion out of order — einen Antrag nicht zulassen
1) (govern) herrschenrule on a matter — in einer Sache entscheiden
Phrasal Verbs:- academic.ru/91129/rule_off">rule off- rule out* * *[ru:l] 1. noun1) (government: under foreign rule.) die Herrschaft2) (a regulation or order: school rules.) die Ordnung3) (what usually happens or is done; a general principle: He is an exception to the rule that fat people are usually happy.) die Regel4) (a general standard that guides one's actions: I make it a rule never to be late for appointments.) die Regel5) (a marked strip of wood, metal etc for measuring: He measured the windows with a rule.) das Lineal2. verb1) (to govern: The king ruled (the people) wisely.) regieren2) (to decide officially: The judge ruled that the witness should be heard.) entscheiden•- ruled- ruler
- ruling 3. noun(an official decision: The judge gave his ruling.) die Entscheidung- as a rule- rule off
- rule out* * *[ru:l]I. nwhere in the \rules does it say that? wo steht das?those are the \rules so sind nun mal die Regelnthis is a club \rule das ist im Klub hier so üblichit is a \rule that... es ist eine Regel, dass...company \rule Betriebsvorschriften pl\rules and regulations Regeln und Bestimmungenset of \rules Regeln pltraffic \rules Verkehrsregeln plto break a \rule eine Regel brechento know the \rules of a game die Spielregeln kennenaccording to the \rules nach den Regeln, den Regeln entsprechendto be against the \rules gegen die Regeln verstoßenthe \rule of law die Rechtsstaatlichkeitone-party \rule Einparteienherrschaft fthe period of Fascist \rule die faschistische Herrschaft\rule of 72 72er Regel7.▶ as a [general] \rule normalerweise, in der Regel▶ to be the \rule die Regel sein▶ to make sth a \rule etw zur Regel machen▶ to run the \rule over sth überprüfen, ob etw in Ordnung istII. vt1. (govern)▪ to \rule sth/sb etw/jdn regierento \rule a country with a rod of iron ein Land mit eiserner Faust regieren2. (control)▪ to \rule sth etw beherrschenshe \rules her household with an iron hand sie führt ihren Haushalt mit eiserner Handto \rule sb's thinking jds Denken beherrschen3. (draw)to \rule a line eine Linie ziehen4. (decide)▪ to \rule that... entscheiden, dass...the courts have \ruled his brave action [to be] illegal die Gerichte entschieden, dass seine mutige Tat illegal war5.III. vi2. LAWonly the appeal court can \rule on this point nur das Berufungsgericht kann in diesem Punkt entscheidento \rule for [or in favour of] /against sb zu Gunsten von jdm/gegen jdn entscheiden4.* * *[ruːl]1. n1) (= regulation) Regel f; (SPORT, CARDS) (Spiel)regel f; (ADMIN) Vorschrift f, Bestimmung fto bend or stretch the rules — es mit den Regeln/Vorschriften nicht so genau nehmen
running is against the rules, it's against the rules to run — Rennen ist nicht erlaubt
it's a rule that... —
that's the rule of the road (Mot) the Franciscan rule — das ist im Straßenverkehr üblich die Regeln des Franziskanerordens
as a rule of thumb — als Faustregel
2) (= custom) Regel fI make it a rule to get up early — ich habe es mir zur Regel gemacht, früh aufzustehen
as a (general) rule —
a foot rule (1 foot long) (showing feet) — ein (30 cm langes) Lineal ein Maßstab m mit Fußeinteilung
See:→ slide rule2. vt1) (= govern) beherrschen, regieren; (individual) beherrschen, herrschen über (+acc); (fig) passions, emotion beherrschen, zügeln; person beherrschento rule the roost (fig) — Herr im Haus sein (inf)
to be ruled by emotions —
if you would only be ruled by what I say — wenn du nur auf mich hören würdest
he let his heart rule his head — er ließ sich von seinem Herzen und nicht von seinem Verstand leiten
2) (JUR, SPORT, ADMIN: give decision) entscheidenhis question was ruled out of order —
3. viover +acc)2) (FIN: prices) notieren* * *rule [ruːl]A s1. Regel f, Normalfall m, (das) Übliche:as a rule in der Regel, normalerweise;as is the rule wie es allgemein üblich ist, wie gewöhnlich;become the rule zur Regel werden;make it a rule to do sth es sich zur Regel machen, etwas zu tun;2. SPORT etc (Spiel)Regel f (auch fig), Richtschnur f, Grundsatz m:against the rules regelwidrig, gegen die Regeln;rule of thumb Faustregel;by rule of thumb über den Daumen gepeilt umg;serve as a rule als Richtschnur oder Maßstab dienen3. JUR etca) Vorschrift f, (gesetzliche) Bestimmung, Norm fb) (gerichtliche) Entscheidungc) Rechtsgrundsatz m:by rule, according to rule laut Vorschrift;rules of the air Luftverkehrsregeln;4. pl (Geschäfts-, Gerichts- etc) Ordnung f:(standing) rules of procedurea) Verfahrensordnung,b) Geschäftsordnungagainst the rules satzungswidrig;the rules (and bylaws) die Satzungen, die Statuten6. WIRTSCH Usance f, Handelsbrauch m7. MATH Regel f, Rechnungsart f:rule of trial and error Regula f falsi (Methode zur näherungsweisen Bestimmung der Nullstelle einer Funktion);rule of proportion, rule of three Regeldetri f, Dreisatz m;rule of sums Summenregel9. Herrschaft f, Regierung f:during (under) the rule of während (unter) der Regierung (gen);rule of law Rechtsstaatlichkeit f10. a) Lineal n, Maßstab m11. TECHa) Richtscheit nb) Winkel(eisen) m(n), -maß n12. TYPOrule case Linienkasten mb) Kolumnenmaß n (Satzspiegel)c) Br Strich m:em rule Gedankenstrich;en rule Halbgeviert n13. the Rules pl Br HIST Gebiet in der Nähe einiger Gefängnisse, in dem sich Gefangene gegen Kaution aufhalten konntenB v/t1. ein Land etc, auch fig ein Gefühl etc beherrschen, herrschen oder Gewalt haben über (akk), regieren:rule the roost fig das Regiment führen, Herr im Haus sein;rule o.s. sich beherrschen2. lenken, leiten:be ruled by sich leiten lassen von3. fig (vor)herrschen in (dat)4. anordnen, verfügen, bestimmen, entscheiden ( alle:that dass):b) etwas ablehnen;rule sth out of order etwas nicht zulassen oder für regelwidrig erklären;rule sb out of order jemandem das Wort entziehen;rule offside SPORT auf Abseits entscheiden5. a) Papier linierenb) eine Linie ziehen:rule sth off einen Schlussstrich unter etwas ziehen;rule sth out etwas durchstreichen;C v/i2. entscheiden (in sb’s favo[u]r zu jemandes Gunsten)3. WIRTSCH hoch etc stehen, liegen, notieren:rule high (low)4. vorherrschen5. gelten, in Kraft sein (Recht etc)* * *1. noun1) (principle) Regel, diethe rules of the game — (lit. or fig.) die Spielregeln
stick to or play by the rules — (lit. or fig.) sich an die Spielregeln halten
be against the rules — regelwidrig sein; (fig.) gegen die Spielregeln verstoßen
rule of thumb — Faustregel, die
2) (custom) Regel, die2. transitive verbthe rule of the house is that... — in diesem Haus ist es üblich, dass...
1) (control) beherrschen2) (be the ruler of) regieren; [Monarch, Diktator usw.:] herrschen über (+ Akk.)rule the roost [in the house] — Herr im Hause sein
3) (give as decision) entscheiden4) (draw) ziehen [Linie]; (draw lines on) linieren [Papier]3. intransitive verb1) (govern) herrschenPhrasal Verbs:- rule off- rule out* * *n.Herrschaft f.Maßstab -¨e m.Regel -n f. v.beherrschen v.herrschen v.herschen v.regeln v.
См. также в других словарях:
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