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1 FORGIVE
\#avatyar- (imperative avatyara and the pl. aorist avatyarir are attested). The matter that is forgiven is the direct object, whereas the person that is forgiven appears in the ablative case: avatyara mello lucassemmar, "forgive us [lit. from us] our debts". This verb \#avatyar- occurs in certain versions of Tolkien's Quenya rendering of the Lord's Prayer; in the latest version he introduced the verb apsene- "remit, release, forgive" instead, with a slightly different syntax: the matter forgiven is still the direct object, but the person forgiven now appears in the dative case. The exact etymology of apsene- is somewhat obscure; the prefix ap- is apparently derived from a root AB- in a meaning which Tolkien according to other sources abandoned (see VT43:18-19); also, it is unclear whether the final –e of apsene- is just the connecting vowel of the aorist (before endings we would rather expect *apseni-) or an integral part of the verbal stem, which would make this an "E-stem" verb otherwise hardly attested. The verb apsene- is once attested with the object ending -t "them" attached: apsenet "[as we] forgive them". The alternative verb \#avatyar- is for many reasons less problematic and may be preferred by writers. –VT43:8, 9, 18-20
См. также в других словарях:
make certain — see under ↑make1 • • • Main Entry: ↑certain * * * make certain phrase to take action in order to be sure that something happens or to be sure that it is true make certain (that): You should call to make absolutely certain everything is in order … Useful english dictionary
make certain — index ascertain, assure (give confidence to), assure (insure), certify (attest), document, ensure, find … Law dictionary
make certain — to take action in order to be sure that something happens or to be sure that it is true make certain (that): You should call to make absolutely certain everything is in order … English dictionary
make certain (that … ) — make certain (that…) idiom to find out whether sth is definitely true • I think there s a bus at 8 but you d better call to make certain. Main entry: ↑certainidiom … Useful english dictionary
make certain of something doing something — make certain of sth/of doing sth idiom to do sth in order to be sure that sth else will happen • You ll have to leave soon to make certain of getting there on time. Main entry: ↑certainidiom … Useful english dictionary
make certain of of doing something — make certain of sth/of doing sth idiom to do sth in order to be sure that sth else will happen • You ll have to leave soon to make certain of getting there on time. Main entry: ↑certainidiom … Useful english dictionary
make\ certain — v. phr. To see about something yourself; look at to be sure. Father makes sure that all the lights are off before he goes to bed. Mary thought she had time to get to school but she ran all the way just to make sure. Before you write your report… … Словарь американских идиом
make certain — take action to ensure that something happens. ↘establish whether something is definitely correct. → certain … English new terms dictionary
make certain (of) — (Roget s IV) v. Syn. make sure of, check into, find out, investigate; see examine 1 , guarantee 1 … English dictionary for students
to make certain — • make sure • to make certain to ensure; to check or verify (also means to cause or make smth inevitable) … Idioms and examples
make certain — certify, validate, check out … English contemporary dictionary
