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1 образ
1) (облик, вид, внешность) imageобраз Божий — богосл. (в отношении человека, которого Бог сотворил "по своему образу и подобию") image of God, лат. imago Dei
2) (священное изображение или предмет, показывающий духовное значение Божественных и небесных лиц и предметов; к образу относятся прежде всего иконы, а тж. сам интерьер храма, утварь церковная, архитектура) icon, sacred [holy, cultus] image3) ( лик Иисуса Христа) representation [image] of Jesus Christ -
2 εἰκών
εἰκών, όνος, ἡ (Aeschyl., Hdt.+; loanw. in rabb.)① an object shaped to resemble the form or appearance of someth., likeness, portrait (cp. Did., Gen. 82, 6) of the emperor’s head on a coin (so Artem. 4, 31; of an emperor’s image Jos., Bell. 2, 169; 194, Ant. 19, 185; cp. AcThom 112 [Aa II/2, 223, 19]; s. DShotter, Gods, Emperors, and Coins: Greece and Rome, 2d ser. 26, ’79, 48–57) Mt 22:20; Mk 12:16; Lk 20:24. Of an image of a god (Diod S 2, 8, 7 [Zeus]; Appian, Mithrid. 117 §575 θεῶν εἰκόνες; Lucian, Sacr. 11; 2 Ch 33:7; Is 40:19; Just., A I, 55, 7; Ath. 18, 1; s. TPodella, Das Lichtkleid ’96, esp. 83–88) Rv 13:14f; 14:9, 11; 15:2; 16:2; 19:20; 20:4.② that which has the same form as someth. else (not a crafted object as in 1 above), living image, fig. ext. of 1 εἰκὼν τοῦ θεοῦ (ἄνθρωπος πλάσμα καὶ εἰκὼν αὐτοῦ [God] Theoph. Ant. 1, 4 [p. 64, 17]; w. ὁμοίωσις Did., Gen. 56, 28) of a man (cp. Mitt-Wilck. I/2, 109, 11 [III B.C.] Philopator as εἰκὼν τοῦ Διός; Rosetta Stone=OGI 90, 3 [196 B.C.] Ptolemy V as εἰκὼν ζῶσα τοῦ Διός, cp. APF 1, 1901, 483, 11; Plut., Themist. 125 [27, 4]; Lucian, Pro Imag. 28 εἰκόνα θεοῦ τ. ἄνθρωπον εἶναι; Diog. L. 6, 51 τ. ἀγαθοὺς ἄνδρας θεῶν εἰκόνας εἶναι; Sextus 190; Herm. Wr. 1, 12 al.; Apuleius as image of God, Rtzst., Mysterienrel.3 43; JHehn, Zum Terminus ‘Bild Gottes’: ESachau Festschr. 1915, 36–52) 1 Cor 11:7 (on the gradation here cp. Herm. Wr. 11, 15a); of Christ (Helios as εἰκών of deity: Pla., Rep. 509; Proclus, Hymni 1, 33f [Orphica p. 277 Abel]; Herm. Wr. 11, 15; Stob. I 293, 21=454, 1ff Sc.; Hierocles 1, 418: the rest of the gods are εἰκόνες of the primeval god.—The Logos: Philo, Conf. Ling. 97; 147. Wisdom: Wsd 7:26) 2 Cor 4:4; Col 1:15 (εἰ. τοῦ θεοῦ ἐστιν ὁ υἱὸς αὐτοῦ ὁ μονογενής Did., Gen. 58, 3; cp. εἰκὼν γὰρ τοῦ … θεοῦ ὁ λόγος ἐστὶ αὐτοῦ Orig., C. Cels. 4, 85, 24.—EPreuschen, ZNW 18, 1918, 243).—εἰ. τοῦ χοϊκοῦ, τοῦ ἐπουρανίου image of the earthly, heavenly (human being) 1 Cor 15:49. (See SMcCasland, The Image of God Acc. to Paul: JBL 69, ’50, 85–100). The image corresponds to its original (cp. ὁμοίωμα 2ab; Doxopatres [XI A.D.]: Rhet. Gr. II 160, 1 εἰ. καὶ ὁμοίωμα διαφέρει; Mel., P. 36, 245 διὰ τῆς τυπικῆς εἰκόνος; 38, 262 τοῦ μέλλοντος ἐν αὐτῷ τὴν εἰκόνα βλέπεις and oft. in typological exegesis of the OT).③ that which represents someth. else in terms of basic form and features, form, appearance (Istros [III B.C.]: no. 334 Fgm. 53 Jac. ἀνθρωποειδὴς εἰκών=a human figure; Artem. 1, 35 p. 36, 5 τὸ πρόσωπον κ. τὴν εἰκόνα=the face and the form; Ps.-Callisth. 2, 27; Hierocles 20, 465: to his followers Pythagoras has θείαν εἰκόνα=the appearance of a god; Cleopatra ln. 154 ἐτελειώθη ἡ εἰκὼν σώματι κ. ψυχῇ κ. πνεύματι; Herm. Wr. 1, 12 of the first human being, the son of the πατὴρ πάντων: τὴν τοῦ πατρὸς εἰκόνα ἔχων; 5, 6; En 106:10) ὁμοίωμα εἰκόνος φθαρτοῦ ἀνθρώπου the likeness of mortal human form Ro 1:23 (MHooker, NTS 6, ’60, 297–306). συμμόρφους τῆς εἰ. τοῦ υἱοῦ conformed to the appearance of his Son 8:29; cp. 2 Cor 3:18; εἰ. τ. πραγμάτων form of things in contrast to their σκιά Hb 10:1.—The infl. of Gen 1:26f is very strong (κατʼ εἰκόνα θεοῦ; TestNapht 2:5; Tat. 12, 1 al.; Just., A I, 63, 16 εἰκόνος ἀσωμάτου. See AStruker, D. Gottesebenbildlichkeit d. Menschen in d. christl. Lit d. zwei erst. Jahrh. 1913). Humans made by God ἐκ τῆς ἰδίας εἰ. in God’s own form Dg 10:2; cp. τῆς ἑαυτοῦ εἰ. χαρακτήρ 1 Cl 33:4; cp. vs. 5; B 5:5; 6:12. Gen 1:27 also infl. Col 3:10: the new human is made new κατʼ εἰκόνα τοῦ κτίσαντος αὐτόν. (Philo, Leg. All. 3, 96, in Platonic fashion, expresses the thought that first of all an image proceeded fr. God, which, in turn, served as a model for humans; against this view s. FEltester, Eikon im NT, ’58, 157).—EKäsemann, Leib u. Leib Christi: Beiträge zur Hist. Theol. 9, ’33, 81–88, 147–50; J Bover, ‘Imaginis’ notio apud B. Paulum: Biblica 4, 1923, 174–79; HWillms, Εἰκών I ’35; ESelwyn, Image, Fact and Faith: NTS 1, ’55, 235–47; GLadner, RAC IV, ’59, 771–86 (lit.); JJervell, Imago Dei (Genesis, late Judaism, Gnosis, NT) FRLANT no. 58, ’60; KPrümm, Verbum Domini 40, ’62, 232–57 (Paul); ELarsson, Christus als Vorbild, ’62.—DELG s.v. ἔοικα. M-M. EDNT. TW. Spicq. Sv. -
3 παιδεία
παιδεία, ας, ἡ(παιδεύω; ‘cultural nurture’ Aeschyl., Thu.+)① the act of providing guidance for responsible living, upbringing, training, instruction, in our lit. chiefly as it is attained by discipline, correction (LXX, PsSol; TestZeb 2:3), of the holy discipline of a fatherly God 1 Cl 56:16. πᾶσα παιδεία all discipline Hb 12:11. τὰ λόγια τῆς παιδείας τοῦ θεοῦ the oracles of God’s teaching 1 Cl 62:3. ἐκτρέφειν τινὰ ἐν π. καὶ νουθεσίᾳ κυρίου bring someone up in the discipline and instruction of the Lord (=Christian disc. and instr.) Eph 6:4. μισεῖν παιδείαν hate discipline 1 Cl 35:8 (Ps 49:17; cp. Pr 5:12). ὀλιγωρεῖν παιδείας κυρίου Hb 12:5 (Pr 3:11). ἀναλαμβάνειν παιδείαν accept correction (cp. λαμβάνειν παιδείαν Pr 8:10; Jer 39:33; 42:13) 1 Cl 56:2. παιδεύειν τινὰ παιδείαν (X., Cyr. 8, 3, 37; Aeschin., Or. 3, 148; Ps.-Demosth. 35, 42; s. also παιδεύω 2a): παιδεύειν τινὰ τὴν π. τοῦ φόβου τοῦ θεοῦ bring someone up with a training that leads to the fear of God 21:6=Pol 4:2. παιδεύειν παιδείᾳ (Pla., Leg. 5 p. 741a; X., Cyr. 1, 1, 6): παιδεύεσθαι παιδείᾳ δικαίᾳ be corrected with just discipline Hv 2, 3, 1. παραδίδοσθαί τινι εἰς ἀγαθὴν π. be handed over to someone for good instruction Hs 6, 3, 6. τῆς ἐν Χριστῷ παιδείας μεταλαμβάνειν share in a Christian upbringing 1 Cl 21:8. ὠφέλιμος πρὸς παιδείαν τὴν ἐν δικαιοσύνῃ useful for training in righteousness 2 Ti 3:16. Of discipline by God (PsSol 7:9 al.; Cyrill. Scyth. p. 38, 8; 23): χωρὶς παιδείας εἶναι be (left) without (divine) discipline Hb 12:8. εἰς παιδείαν ὑπομένετε you must endure (your trials) as (divine) discipline vs. 7 (GBornkamm, Sohnschaft u. Leiden, ’60, 188–98). π. εἰρήνης ἡμῶν ἐπʼ αὐτόν the chastisement that brought peace to us came upon him 1 Cl 16:5 (Is 53:5).② the state of being brought up properly, training (Diod S 12, 13, 4; 12, 20, 1; OGI 504, 8 ἐπὶ παιδείᾳ τε καὶ τῇ ἄλλῃ ἀρετῇ; Sir 1:27; Jos., Vi. 196; 359, C. Ap. 1, 73; Just., A I 1, 1 al.; Tat. 12, 5 ἡμετέρας παιδείας al.; Ath.) μὴ ἔχειν παιδείαν have no training Hv 3, 9, 10. The word could have this mng. in some of the places dealt w. under 1.—WJaeger, Paideia I–III ’34–47 (Eng. tr. by GHighet, ’39–44); HvArnim, Leb. u. Werke des Dio v. Prusa mit e. Einleitung: Sophistik, Rhetorik, Philosophie in ihrem Kampf um d. Jugendbildung 1898; GBertram, Der Begriff d. Erziehung in d. griech. Bibel: Imago Dei (GKrüger Festschr.) ’32, 33–52; WJentzsch, Urchristl. Erziehungsdenken ’51. MHengel, Judaism ’74, esp. I 65–78.—DELG s.v. παῖς. M-M. TW. Sv. -
4 ἐγώ
ἐγώ (Hom.+) pers. pron. of the first pers. ἐμοῦ (μου), ἐμοί (μοι), ἐμέ (με); pl. ἡμεῖς, ἡμῶν, ἡμῖν, ἡμᾶς: I, used w. a verb to emphasize the pers.: ἐγὼ ἀποστέλλω Mt 10:16; ἐγὼ λέγω 21:27; ἐγὼ ἐπιτάσσω σοι Mk 9:25; ἐγὼ καταλύσω 14:58. Esp. in the antitheses of the Sermon on the Mount Mt 5:22–44 (s. ELohse, JJeremias Festschr. ’70, 189–203 [rabb.]). ἐγώ εἰμι it is I (in contrast to others) Mt 14:27; Lk 24:39; J 6:20; I am the man 9:9; w. strong emphasis: I am the one (i.e. the Messiah) Mk 13:6; Lk 21:8; J 8:24, 28; cp. vs. 58.—For the solemn I-style in J, esp. 10:7–14, cp. the Isis ins in Diod S 1, 27, 4; IG XII/5, 14 (SIG 1267) passim; PGM 5, 145ff (all three in Dssm., LO 109–12 [LAE 134ff]; further material there 109, 3 and in Hdb., excur. on J 8:12. See IAndrosIsis; GWetter, ‘Ich bin es’: StKr 88, 1915, 224–38; KZickendraht, ibid. 94, 1922, 162–68; ESchweizer, Ego Eimi ’39; WManson, JTS 48, ’47, 137–45; HSahlin, Zur Typologie des Joh-evangeliums ’50, 63–71; Bultmann 167, 2; GMacRae, CMoule Festschr., ’70, 122–34 [Gnostics]; JBergman, Ich bin Isis, 1968; RMerkelbach, Isis Regina—Zeus Sarapis ’95).—On J 8:58 s. EFreed, JSNT 17, ’83, 52–59 (esp. p. 57f, n. 3, lit.).—ἰδοὺ ἐγώ (oft. LXX; s. PKatz, Philo’s Bible ’50, 75ff) Mt 23:34; 28:20; Mk 1:2 v.l. (Mal 3:1); Lk 24:49. ἰδοὺ ἐγώ, κύριε here I am, Lord Ac 9:10 (cp. Gen 22:1; 27:1 al.).—ἐγώ I (will), or yes (Judg 13:11; cp. Epict. 2, 12, 18 ἔγωγε) Mt 21:30.—In gospel mss. ἐ. is also found without special emphasis, either as a Hebraism, Mk 12:26 (Ex 3:6); J 10:34 (Ps 81:6), or as a copyist’s addition (B-D-F §277, 2).—On the interchange of pl. and sg. (cp. Apollon. Rhod. 3, 784 ἄμμι [=ἡμῖν], on which the scholion reads: ἀντὶ ἑνικοῦ [=singular] τοῦ ἐμοὶ κεῖται τὸ ἄμμι. 3, 1111; Appian, Bell. Civ. 3, 18 §67 ἡμῖν=to me. Likew. 3, 48 §196 ἡμῖν in the words of Octavian; 3, 38 §152 μετεβάλομεν=I; Jos., Ant. 2, 68; Just., D. 1, 4) s. Mlt. 86f, esp. in Paul s. B-D-F §280; Rob. 406f; KDick, D. schriftstellerische Pl. b. Pls. 1900; EAskwith, Exp. 8th Ser., 1, 1911, 149–59; EvDobschütz, Wir u. Ich b. Pls: ZST 10, ’33, 251–77; WLofthouse, ET 64, ’52/53, 241–45; ARogers, ibid. 77, ’66, 339f. For J, s. AvHarnack, Das ‘Wir’ in den joh. Schriften: SBBerlAk 1923, 96–113.—FSlotty, Der sog. Pl. modestiae: IndogF 44, 1927, 155–90; on the pl. in Ac 27f s. Hemer, Acts 312–34 (lit.); UHolzmeister, De ‘plurali categoriae’ in NT a Patribus adhibito: Biblica 14, ’33, 68–95.—In the oblique cases the longer forms ἐμοῦ, ἐμοί, ἐμέ are used as a rule where the main emphasis lies on the pron. ὁ ἀκούων ὑμῶν, ἐμοῦ ἀκούει Lk 10:16; τῆς πίστεως ὑμῶν τε καὶ ἐμοῦ Ro 1:12 al., where the emphasis is suggested by the position of the pron.—The enclit. forms occur where the main emphasis lies on the noun or verb οὐκ ἔστιν μου ἄξιος Mt 10:37; τίς μου ἥψατο; Mk 5:31; ἀπαγγείλατέ μοι Mt 2:8 al. With prep. (Mayser 302f) the enclit. forms are used only in the case of ἔμπροσθεν and ὀπίσω, somet. ἐνώπιον (Ac 10:30; but cp. Lk 4:7 ἐ. ἐμοῦ), as well as w. πρός w. acc. after verbs of motion (δεῦτε πρός με Mt 11:28; cp. 3:14; J 6:37 v.l.; ἐρχέσθω πρός με 7:37; ἀπεσταλμένοι πρός με Ac 11:11 al.). Only the enclit. forms are used as substitutes for the possessive adj. ὁ λαός μου my people Mt 2:6; μενεῖτε ἐν τῇ ἀγάπῃ μου you will remain in my love, i.e. make it possible for me to continue to love you J 15:10. μου stands as objective gen. μιμηταί μου γίνεσθε become imitators of me 1 Cor 4:16.—The expr. τί ἐμοὶ καὶ σοί; is Hebraistic (=מַה־לִּי וָלָךְ), but it also made its way into vernac. Gk. (cp. Epict. 1, 22, 15; 1, 27, 13; 2, 19, 19; 1, 1, 16; ESchwartz, GGN 1908, p. 511, 3; DHesseling: Donum natalicium Schrijnen 1929, 665–68; FBurkitt, JTS 13, 1912, 594f; CLattey, ibid. 20, 1919, 335f); it may be rendered what have I to do w. you? what have we in common? leave me alone! never mind! It serves to refuse a request or invitation (2 Km 16:10; 19:23; 4 Km 3:13) J 2:4 (s. PGächter, ZKT 55, ’31, 351–402. Difft. JDerrett, Law in the NT, ’70, 238–42.—Apparent indifference toward close relatives compared with the things of God, as Epict. 3, 3, 5 οὐδὲν ἐμοὶ καὶ τῷ πατρί, ἀλλὰ τῷ ἀγαθῷ) and as a protest against hostile measures (Judg 11:12; 3 Km 17:18; 2 Ch 35:21; 1 Esdr 1:24) Mk 5:7; Lk 8:28; likew. τὶ ἡμῖν κ. σοί; (s. τίς 1 aβה) Mt 8:29; Mk 1:24; Lk 4:34 (cp. OBauernfeind, D. Worte d. Dämonen im Mk 1927).—On the ‘I’ Ro 7:7ff s. WKümmel, Rö 7 u. d. Bekehrung des Pls 1929; RBultmann: Imago Dei ’32, 53–62; BMartin, SJT 34, ’81, 39–47 (in support of Kümmel for pre-Christian identity). Also s. οἴμοι.—DELG. M-M. TW. -
5 gero
1.gĕro, gessi, gestum ( Part. gen. plur. sync. gerentum, Plaut. Truc. 2, 1, 13; imper. ger, like dic, duc, fac, fer, Cat. 27, 2), 3, v. a. [root gas-, to come, go; Zend, jah, jahaiti, come; gero (for geso), in caus. sense, to cause to come; cf. Gr. bastazô, from bastos = gestus], to bear about with one, to bear, carry, to wear, have (in the lit. signif. mostly poet., not in Cic., Cæs., Sall., or Quint.; but instead of it ferre, portare, vehere, sustinere, etc.; but in the trop. signif. freq. and class.).I.Lit.A.In gen.:b.(vestem ferinam) qui gessit primus,
Lucr. 5, 1420; so,vestem,
Ov. M. 11, 276 (with induere vestes), Nep. Dat. 3; cf.:coronam Olympiacam capite,
Suet. Ner. 25:ornamenta,
id. Caes. 84:angues immixtos crinibus,
Ov. M. 4, 792:clipeum (laeva),
id. ib. 4, 782; cf.:galeam venatoriam in capite, clavam dextra manu, copulam sinistra,
Nep. Dat. 3:ramum, jaculum,
Ov. M. 12, 442:spicea serta,
id. ib. 2, 28:vincla,
id. ib. 4, 681:venabula corpore fixa,
id. ib. 9, 206; cf.:tela (in pectore fixus),
id. ib. 6, 228:Vulcanum (i. e. ignem) in cornu conclusum,
Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 185:spolia ducis hostium caesi suspensa fabricato ad id apte ferculo gerens,
Liv. 1, 10, 5; cf.:Horatius trigemina spolia prae se gerens,
id. 1, 26, 2:onera,
Varr. L. L. 6, § 77 Müll.: uterum or partum gerere, to be pregnant, be with young; so, gerere partum, Plin. 8, 47, 72, § 187:uterum,
id. 8, 40, 62, § 151:centum fronte oculos centum cervice gerebat Argus,
Ov. Am. 3, 4, 19:lumen unum media fronte,
id. M. 13, 773:cornua fronte,
id. ib. 15, 596:virginis os habitumque gerens et virginis arma,
Verg. A. 1, 315:virginis ora,
Ov. M. 5, 553; cf.:quae modo bracchia gessit, Crura gerit,
id. ib. 5, 455 sq.:Coae cornua matres Gesserunt tum,
i. e. were turned into cows, id. ib. 7, 364:principio (morbi) caput incensum fervore gerebant,
Lucr. 6, 1145:qui umbrata gerunt civili tempora quercu,
Verg. A. 6, 772:tempora tecta pelle lupi,
Ov. M. 12, 380:(Hector) squalentem barbam et concretos sanguine crines Vulneraque illa gerens, quae, etc.,
Verg. A. 2, 278:capella gerat distentius uber,
Hor. S. 1, 1, 110.—Of inanimate things:B.semina rerum permixta gerit tellus discretaque tradit,
Lucr. 6, 790; cf.:(terram) multosque lacus multasque lacunas In gremio gerere et rupes deruptaque saxa,
id. ib. 6, 539; Enn. ap. Non. 66, 26 (Sat. 23, p. 157 Vahl.); and:quos Oceano propior gerit India lucos,
Verg. G. 2, 122:speciem ac formam similem gerit ejus imago,
Lucr. 4, 52.—In partic. (very rare).1.With respect to the term. ad quem, to bear, carry, bring to a place:2.(feminae puerique) saxa in muros munientibus gerunt,
Liv. 28, 19, 13:neque eam voraginem conjectu terrae, cum pro se quisque gereret, expleri potuisse,
id. 7, 6, 2; cf. id. 37, 5, 1. — Absol.:si non habebis unde irriges, gerito inditoque leniter,
Cato, R. R. 151, 4; Liv. 7, 6, 2 Drak.—Prov.:non pluris refert, quam si imbrem in cribrum geras,
Plaut. Ps. 1, 1, 100.—With the accessory idea of production, to bear, bring forth, produce:II.quae (terra) quod gerit fruges, Ceres (appellata est),
Varr. L. L. 5, § 64 Müll.; cf. Tib. 2, 4, 56:violam nullo terra serente gerit,
Ov. Tr. 3, 12, 6:arbores (Oete),
id. M. 9, 230:malos (platani),
Verg. G. 2, 70: frondes (silva), Ov. M. 11, 615:terra viros urbesque gerit silvasque ferasque Fluminaque et Nymphas et cetera numina ruris,
Ov. M. 2, 16.Trop.A.In gen., to bear, have, entertain, cherish: vos etenim juvenes animum geritis muliebrem, illa virago viri, Poët. ap. Cic. Off. 1, 18, 61; cf.:B.fortem animum gerere,
Sall. J. 107, 1:parem animum,
id. ib. 54, 1 Kritz.:animum invictum advorsum divitias,
id. ib. 43, 5:animum super fortunam,
id. ib. 64, 2:mixtum gaudio ac metu animum,
Liv. 32, 11, 5; cf. also Verg. A. 9, 311; and v. infra B. 3.: aeque inimicitiam atque amicitiam in frontem promptam gero, Enn. ap. Gell. 19, 8, 6 (Trag. v. 8 Vahl.):personam,
to support a character, play a part, Cic. Off. 1, 32, 115; cf.:est igitur proprium munus magistratus, intelligere, se gerere personam civitatis debereque ejus dignitatem et decus sustinere,
id. ib. 1, 34, 132; Aug. Doctr. Christ. 4, 29 init.;id. Civ. Dei, 1, 21 al.: mores, quos ante gerebant, Nunc quoque habent,
Ov. M. 7, 655:et nos aliquod nomenque decusque Gessimus,
Verg. A. 2, 89:seu tu querelas sive geris jocos Seu rixam et insanos amores Seu facilem, pia testa (i. e. amphora), somnum,
Hor. C. 3, 21, 2:in dextris vestris jam libertatem, opem... geritis,
Curt. 4, 14 fin.:plumbeas iras,
Plaut. Poen. 3, 6, 18:iras,
Ter. Hec. 3, 1, 30: M. Catonem illum Sapientem cum multis graves inimicitias gessisse accepimus propter Hispanorum injurias, Cic. Div. ap. Caecil. 20, 66:veteres inimicitias cum Caesare,
Caes. B. C. 1, 3, 4:muliebres inimicitias cum aliqua,
Cic. Cael. 14, 32:inimicitias hominum more,
id. Deiot. 11, 30: simultatem cum aliquo pro re publica, Anton. ap. Cic. Att. 14, 13, A, 3; cf. Suet. Vesp. 6; and Verg. A. 12, 48:de amicitia gerenda praeclarissime scripti libri,
Cic. Fam. 3, 8, 5:amicitiam,
Nep. Dat. 10 fin.:praecipuum in Romanos gerebant odium,
Liv. 28, 22, 2:cum fortuna mutabilem gerentes fidem,
id. 8, 24, 6:utrique imperii cupiditatem insatiabilem gerebant,
Just. 17, 1 fin. —Absol.:ad ea rex, aliter atque animo gerebat, placide respondit,
Sall. J. 72, 1.—In partic.1.Gerere se aliquo modo, to bear, deport, behave, or conduct one's self, to act in any manner:b.in maximis rebus quonam modo gererem me adversus Caesarem, usus tuo consilio sum,
Cic. Fam. 11, 27, 5; cf. id. Off. 1, 28, 98:ut, quanto superiores sumus, tanto nos geramus summissius,
id. ib. 1, 26, 90; so,se liberius (servi),
id. Rep. 1, 43:se inconsultius,
Liv. 41, 10, 5:se valde honeste,
Cic. Att. 6, 1, 13:se perdite,
id. ib. 9, 2, A, 2:se turpissime (illa pars animi),
id. Tusc. 2, 21, 48:se turpiter in legatione,
Plin. Ep. 2, 12, 4:sic in provincia nos gerimus, quod ad abstinentiam attinet, ut, etc.,
Cic. Att. 5, 17, 2:sic me in hoc magistratu geram, ut, etc.,
id. Agr. 1, 8, 26; cf.:nunc ita nos gerimus, ut, etc.,
id. ib. 2, 22, 3:uti sese victus gereret, exploratum misit,
Sall. J. 54, 2:se medium gerere,
to remain neutral, Liv. 2, 27, 3.—In a like sense also post-class.: gerere aliquem, to behave or conduct one's self as any one (like agere aliquem):c.nec heredem regni sed regem gerebat,
Just. 32, 3, 1; Plin. Pan. 44, 2:tu civem patremque geras,
Claud. IV. Cons. Hon. 293:aedilem,
App. M. 1, p. 113:captivum,
Sen. Troad. 714.—Gerere se et aliquem, to treat one's self and another in any manner:d.interim Romae gaudium ingens ortum cognitis Metelli rebus, ut seque et exercitum more majorum gereret,
Sall. J. 55, 1:meque vosque in omnibus rebus juxta geram,
id. ib. 85, 47.—Pro aliquo se gerere, to assume to be:2.querentes, quosdam non sui generis pro colonis se gerere,
Liv. 32, 2, 6:eum, qui sit census, ita se jam tum gessisse pro cive,
Cic. Arch. 5, 11 dub.—Gerere prae se aliquid (for the usual prae se ferre), to show, exhibit, manifest:3.affectionis ratio perspicuam solet prae se gerere conjecturam, ut amor, iracundia, molestia, etc.,
Cic. Inv. 2, 9, 30; cf.:prae se quandam gerere utilitatem,
id. ib. 2, 52, 157: animum altum et erectum prae se gerebat, Auct. B. Afr. 10 fin.; Aug. de Lib. Arbit. 3, 21, 61 al.;so gerere alone: ita tum mos erat, in adversis voltum secundae fortunae gerere, moderari animo in secundis,
to assume, Liv. 42, 63, 11.—With the accessory idea of activity or exertion, to sustain the charge of any undertaking or business, to administer, manage, regulate, rule, govern, conduct, carry on, wage, transact, accomplish, perform (cf.: facio, ago).—In pass. also in gen., to happen, take place, be done (hence, res gesta, a deed, and res gestae, events, occurrences, acts, exploits; v. the foll.): tertium gradum agendi esse dicunt, ubi quid faciant;4.in eo propter similitudinem agendi et faciundi et gerundi quidam error his, qui putant esse unum. Potest enim aliquid facere et non agere, ut poëta facit fabulam et non agit: contra actor agit et non facit.... Contra imperator quod dicitur res gerere, in eo neque facit neque agit, sed gerit, id est sustinet, translatum ab his qui onera gerunt, quod hi sustinent,
Varr. L. L. 6, § 77 Müll.:omnia nostra, quoad eris Romae, ita gerito, regito, gubernato, ut nihil a me exspectes,
Cic. Att. 16, 2, 2:gerere et administrare rem publicam,
id. Fin. 3, 20, 68; cf. id. Rep. 2, 1 and 12:rem publicam,
id. ib. 1, 7; 1, 8; id. Fam. 2, 7, 3 et saep.:magistratum,
id. Sest. 37, 79; cf.potestatem,
id. Verr. 2, 2, 55, § 138:consulatum,
id. Agr. 1, 8, 25; id. Sest. 16, 37:duumviratum,
id. ib. 8, 19:tutelam alicujus,
Dig. 23, 2, 68; 27, 1, 22 al.: multi suam rem bene gessere et publicam patria procul, Enn. ap. Cic. Fam. 7, 6, 1 (Trag. v. 295 Vahl.); so,rem, of private affairs,
Plaut. Pers. 4, 3, 34; Cic. de Sen. 7, 22 al.:aliquid per aes et libram gerere,
to transact by coin and balance, Gai. Inst. 3, 173; cf. Weissenb. ad Liv. 6, 14.—Of war: etsi res bene gesta est, Enn. ap. Cic. de Or. 3, 42, 168 (Ann. v. 512 Vahl.): vi geritur res, id. ap. Gell. 20, 10 (Ann. v. 272 ib.); cf.:gladiis geri res coepta est,
Liv. 28, 2, 6:ubi res ferro geratur,
id. 10, 39, 12: qui rem cum Achivis gesserunt statim, Enn. ap. Non. 393, 14 (Trag. v. 39 Vahl.); cf. Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 84:Alexander... passurus gestis aequanda pericula rebus,
exploits, Juv. 14, 314:miranda quidem, sed nuper gesta referemus,
id. 15, 28.—Of public affairs, affairs of government:magnae res temporibus illis a fortissimis viris summo imperio praeditis, dictatoribus atque consulibus, belli domique gerebantur,
Cic. Rep. 2, 32 fin.; 2, 24:a rebus gerendis senectus abstrahit,
id. de Sen. 6, 15; cf. § 17: quid quod homines infima fortuna, nulla spe rerum gerendarum ( public business), opifices denique, delectantur historia? maximeque eos videre possumus res gestas ( public events or occurrences) audire et legere velle, qui a spe gerendi absunt, confecti senectute, id. Fin. 5, 19, 52:sin per se populus interfecit aut ejecit tyrannum, est moderatior, quoad sentit et sapit et sua re gesta laetatur,
their deed, id. Rep. 1, 42:ut pleraque senatus auctoritate gererentur,
id. ib. 2, 32; cf. id. ib. 1, 27:haec dum Romae geruntur,
id. Quint. 6, 28:ut iis, qui audiunt, tum geri illa fierique videantur,
id. de Or. 2, 59, 241:susceptum negotium,
id. Fam. 13, 5, 1; cf.:si ipse negotium meum gererem, nihil gererem, nisi consilio tuo,
id. Att. 13, 3, 1:negotium bene, male, etc.,
id. Rosc. Com. 11, 32; id. Cat. 2, 10, 21; Caes. B. G. 3, 18, 5 et saep.; cf.:quid negotii geritur?
Cic. Quint. 13, 42: annos multos bellum gerentes summum summā industriā, Enn. ap. Non. 402, 3 (Trag. v. 104 Vahl.); cf.:bello illo maximo, quod Athenienses et Lacedaemonii summa inter se contentione gesserunt,
Cic. Rep. 1, 16; so,bella,
id. ib. 5, 2: pacem an bellum gerens, v. Andrews and Stoddard's Gram. § 323, 1 (2); Sall. J. 46 fin.:bella multa felicissime,
Cic. Rep. 2, 9:bellum cum aliquo,
id. Sest. 2, 4; id. Div. 1, 46, 103; Caes. B. G. 1, 1, 4 et saep.:bello gesto,
Liv. 5, 43, 1: mea mater de ea re gessit morem morigerae mihi, performed my will, i. e. complied with my wishes, gratified, humored me, Plaut. Cist. 1, 1, 87; cf.:geram tibi morem et ea quae vis, ut potero, explicabo,
Cic. Tusc. 1, 9, 17: morem alicui (in aliqua re), Enn. ap. Non. 342, 24 (Trag. v. 241 Vahl.):sine me in hac re gerere mihi morem,
Ter. Heaut. 5, 1, 74; Plaut. Capt. 2, 3, 44; id. Men. 5, 2, 37; id. Mil. 2, 1, 58; Cic. Rep. 3, 5; id. N. D. 2, 1, 3; Ov. Am. 2, 2, 13 et saep.; also without dat., Plaut. Most. 3, 2, 36; Ter. Ad. 3, 3, 77.— Pass.:ut utrique a me mos gestus esse videatur,
Cic. Att. 2, 16, 3; Plaut. Most. 1, 3, 69; Ter. Eun. 1, 2, 108; id. Ad. 2, 2, 6; Nep. Them. 7, 3 al.—With a play upon this meaning and that in II. A.: magna, inquit, [p. 813] bella gessi:magnis imperiis et provinciis praefui. Gere igitur animum laude dignum,
Cic. Par. 5, 2, 37.— Absol.:cum superiores alii fuissent in disputationibus perpoliti, quorum res gestae nullae invenirentur, alii in gerendo probabiles, in disserendo rudes,
Cic. Rep. 1, 8; cf.the passage,
id. Fin. 5, 19, 52 supra:Armeniam deinde ingressus prima parte introitus prospere gessit,
Vell. 2, 102, 2 (where others unnecessarily insert rem), Liv. 25, 22, 1; cf.also: sive caesi ab Romanis forent Bastarnae... sive prospere gessissent,
id. 40, 58 fin.:cum Persis et Philippus qui cogitavit, et Alexander, qui gessit, hanc bellandi causam inferebat, etc.,
Cic. Rep. 3, 9.—Of time, to pass, spend (mostly post-Aug.; not in Cic.): ut (Tullia) cum aliquo adolescente primario conjuncta aetatem gereret, Sulp. ap. Cic. Fam. 4, 5, 3; cf.:2.pubertatis ac primae adolescentiae tempus,
Suet. Dom. 1:vitam,
Petr. 63; Val. Fl. 6, 695:annum gerens aetatis sexagesimum et nonum,
Suet. Vesp. 24.—Hence, gĕrens, entis, P. a. (acc. to II. B. 3.), managing, conducting, etc.; with gen.:rei male gerentes,
Plaut. Truc. 1, 2, 43:sui negotii bene gerens,
Cic. Quint. 19, 62.gĕro, ōnis, m. [1. gero], a carrier; connected per hyphen with foras:ite, ite hac, simul eri damnigeruli, foras gerones, Bonorum hamaxagogae,
that carry off, ravishers, Plaut. Truc. 2, 7, 1.
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