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  • 101 decide

    1. I
    have you decided? вы пришли [уже] к какому-л. решению?, вы что-нибудь решили?; it is not easy to decide решение принять нелегко
    2. II
    decide in some manner decide wisely (tentatively, unanimously, favourably, impartially, sensibly, promptly, etc.) решать разумно и т. д., they had already decided они уже приняли решение; before I decide one way or the other /another/ прежде, чем я как-то решу этот вопрос
    3. III
    1) decide smth. decide an issue (a dispute, a doubt, etc.) (раз)решать спорный вопрос и т. д., it is not easy to decide that question этот вопрос нелегко решать; this decided my career (his fate) это определило мою [будущую] карьеру (его судьбу); I don't think it will decide the case (the struggle, the battle, etc.) я не думаю, что это могло бы предопределить исход дела и т. д.
    2) decide smth. the judge decided the case судья вынес решение по этому делу
    3) decide smb. the new evidence decided him новые доказательства заставили его принять решение /убедили его/
    4. VII
    decide smb. to do smth. decide smb. to leave the place (to speak to them about it, to broach the subject, etc.) заставлять / убеждать/ кого-л. уйти оттуда и т. д.; what decided you to give up your job? почему вы решили уйти с работы?
    5. XI
    be decided the matter is decided in решенное дело; be decided upon the question is decided upon по этому вопросу вынесено решение; be decided at same time nothing is decided yet еще ничего не решено; the course to be taken is not yet decided upon еще не определено, какое направление будет принято; be decided in some manner it has not been definitely decided окончательного решения по этому делу /вопросу/ еще нет; be decided to do smth. it was decided to await his reply (to come later, to speak to him again, etc.) было решено дождаться его ответа и т. д.
    6. XIII
    decide to do smth. decide to become a sailor (to go for a walk, to go to the theatre, to leave home, etc.) решить стать матросом и т. д.
    7. XVI
    1) decide about (against, for /in favour of/, on, upon) smth. decide about the matter принять решение по этому вопросу; decide about the holidays решить относительно отпуска; decide against the plan (against a holiday in Wales, against her proposal, etc.) решить отказаться от этого плана и т. д.; mother decided in favour of /for/ the blue dress мать выбрала /облюбовала/ голубое платье; decide on the green hat (on a name for the baby, etc.) выбрать зеленую шляпку и т. д.; decide on a definite plan (upon a method of work, etc.) предпочесть какой-л. план и т. д.; we shall have to decide upon the date придется назначить определенный день; he decided on art as a career он решил посвятить свою жизнь искусству; don't decide on important matters too quickly не следует принимать поспешных решений по важным вопросам
    2) decide against (in favour of /for/) smb. decide against the plaintiff (in favour of the defendant, for him, etc.) выносить решение против истца и т. д.
    8. XVII
    decide (up)оп (for /in favour of/, against) doing smth. decide on going to France (on parting with his library, etc.) решить поехать во Францию и т. д.; they decided upon building a college (upon adjourning the session, etc.) они приняли решение о постройке колледжа и т. д.; we decided in favour of going there мы решили отправиться туда; they decided against helping us они вынесли решение /постановили/ отказать нам в помощи; I have decided against staying here я решил не оставаться здесь
    9. XVIII
    || decide for oneself решать самостоятельно; I can't decide it for you, you must decide for yourself я не могу решить за вас, решайте сами /самостоятельно/
    10. XXI1
    1) decide smth. by smth. decide a question by ballot решить вопрос тайным голосованием; decide smth. by experiment найти решение чему-л. при помощи эксперимента; decide smth. for oneself you'll have to decide this for yourself /in your own mind/ тебе придется самому /самостоятельно/ решить этот вопрос
    2) decide smth. in favour of (against) smb. decide the case (the matter, the question, the contest, etc.) in favour of (against) him решать дело и т. д. в его пользу (против него)
    11. XXII
    decide smth. by doing smth. decide a battle by sending in fresh troops (the question by tossing a penny, etc.) бросить в бой свежие силы и тем самым решить его исход и т. д.
    12. XXV
    decide who... (what..., whether..., etc.) decide who is to go (what he should do next, that it would be satisfactory, etc.) решать, кто должен пойти и т. д.; we must decide whether he was justified in acting that way мы должны решить, имел ли он право так поступать /был ли его поступок оправдан/

    English-Russian dictionary of verb phrases > decide

  • 102 πρεσβύτερος

    πρεσβύτερος, α, ον (Hom.+; comp. of πρέσβυς)
    ① pert. to being relatively advanced in age, older, old
    ⓐ of an individual person older of two ὁ υἱὸς ὁ πρ. (cp. Aelian, VH 9, 42; TestJob 15:2 τῷ ἀδελφῷ τῷ πρεσβυτέρῳ; JosAs; Just., A II, 6, 1) Lk 15:25; of Manasseh (w. Ephraim) B 13:5. In contrast to the younger generation οἱ πρεσβύτεροι the older ones J 8:9. Opp. οἱ νεανίσκοι Ac 2:17 (Jo 3:1). Opp. νεώτεροι (s. νεός 3aβ) 1 Ti 5:1 (similar advice, containing a contrast betw. πρ. and νεώτ., from ins and lit. in MDibelius, Hdb. ad loc.); 1 Pt 5:5 (though here the πρεσβύτεροι are not only the older people, but at the same time, the ‘elders’; s. 2bβ). The same double mng. is found for πρεσβύτεροι in 1 Cl 1:3 beside νέοι, while in 3:3; 21:6, beside the same word, the concept of being old is the dominant one (as Jos., C. Ap. 2, 206). On the disputed pass. Hv 3, 1, 8 (οἱ νεανίσκοι … οἱ πρεσβύτεροι) cp. MDibelius, Hdb. ad loc.—Fem. πρεσβυτέρα old(er) woman (opp. νεωτέρα, as Gen 19:31) 1 Ti 5:2.—With no ref. to younger persons, w. complete disappearance of the comparative aspect: πρεσβύτερος an old man (Jos., Ant. 13, 226; 292 [as a witness of events in the past, as Ps.-Pla., Virt. 3, 377b; 4, 377c]) Hv 3, 12, 2; cp. 3, 11, 3. The personified church is called λίαν πρεσβυτέρα very old 3, 10, 3; cp. 3, 11, 2. She appears as ἡ πρ. the elderly woman 2, 1, 3; 3, 1, 2; 3, 10, 6; 9 and has τὰς τρίχας πρεσβυτέρας the hair of an old woman 3, 10, 4; 5; 3, 12, 1.
    ⓑ of a period of time (Petosiris, Fgm. 3 and 4 mention οἱ πρεσβύτεροι and οἱ νεώτεροι. In both instances the context shows that the reference is to astrologers from earlier and more recent times) οἱ πρεσβύτεροι the men of old, our ancestors Hb 11:2. ἡ παράδοσις τῶν πρεσβυτέρων the tradition of the ancients (cp. Iambl., Vi. Pyth. 35, 253 τῶν π. συγγράμματα) Mt 15:2; Mk 7:3, 5 (ELohse, D. Ordination im Spätjudentum u. NT, ’51, 50–56: scholars).
    ② an official (cp. Lat. senator), elder, presbyter
    ⓐ among the Jews (the congregation of a synagogue in Jerusalem used πρεσβύτεροι to denote its officers before 70 A.D.: SEG VIII, 170, 9; cp. Dssm., LO 378–80 [LAE 439–41]).
    α. for members of local councils in individual cities (cp. Josh 20:4; Ruth 4:2; 2 Esdr 10:14; Jdth 8:10; 10:6) Lk 7:3; 1 Cl 55:4.—Schürer II, 185.
    β. for members of a group in the Sanhedrin (Schürer II, 206–8; JJeremias, Jerusalem z. Zt. Jesu II B 1: Die gesellschaftl. Oberschicht 1929, 88ff). They are mentioned together w. (the) other groups: ἀρχιερεῖς (Ac 4:5 has ἄρχοντες for this), γραμματεῖς, πρεσβύτεροι (the order is not always the same) Mt 16:21; 26:3 v.l.; 27:41; Mk 8:31; 11:27; 14:43, 53; 15:1; Lk 9:22; 20:1.—Only ἀρχιερεῖς (Ac 4:8 has for this ἄρχοντες τοῦ λαοῦ) and πρεσβύτεροι (τοῦ λαοῦ: cp. Ex 19:7; Num 11:16b, 24; 1 Macc 7:33; 12:35; Just., D. 40, 4 al.) Mt 21:23; 26:3, 47, 59 v.l.; 27:1, 3, 12, 20; 28:(11), 12; Lk 22:52 (here, as an exception, οἱ στρατηγοὶ τοῦ ἱεροῦ); Ac 4:23; 23:14; 25:15; cp. 24:1. Also οἱ πρεσβύτεροι καὶ οἱ ἱερεῖς GPt 7:25 (for this combination cp. Jos., Ant. 11, 83; 12, 406).—Only πρεσβύτεροι and γραμματεῖς Mt 26:57; Ac 6:12.—The use of πρεσβύτερος as a title among the Jews of the Diaspora appears quite late, except for the allusions in the LXX (cp. Schürer III/1, 102; MAMA III [Cilicia], 344; 448 [cp. ZNW 31, ’32, 313f]. Whether πρεσβύτερος is to be understood in the older Roman inscriptions [CIJ 378] as a title [so CIJ p. lxxxvi], remains doubtful).
    ⓑ among the Christians (for their use of the word as a title one must bear in mind not only the Jewish custom, but also its use as a t.t. among the ἔθνη, in connection w. associations of the ‘old ones’ [FPoland, Geschichte des griech. Vereinswesens 1909, 98ff] and to designate civic as well as religious officials [Dssm., B 153ff=BS 154–57, NB 60ff=BS 233–35, also LO 315, 5; HHausschildt, ZNW 4, 1903, 235ff; MStrack, ibid. 213ff; HLietzmann, ZWT 55, 1914, 116–32 [=Kl. Schr. I ’58, 156–69]; MDibelius, exc. on 1 Ti 5:17ff; RAlastair-Campbell, The Elders, Seniority within Earliest Christianity ’94.].—BGU 16, 6 [159 A.D.] πρεσβύτεροι ἱερεῖς θεοῦ Σοκνοπαίου; 347, 6; PVindBosw 1, 31 [87 A.D.].—As honorary title: Iren. 4, 26, 5 [Harv. II 238, 3]. The Engl. word ‘priest’ comes fr. πρεσβύτερος via Lat. presbyter; later Christian usage is largely, if not entirely, responsible for this development; s. OED s.v. ‘priest’ B).
    α. Ac 11:30; 14:23; 15:2, 4, 6, 22f; 16:4 (in all the places in Ac 15 and 16 mention is made of οἱ ἀπόστολοι καὶ οἱ πρεσβύτεροι in the Jerusalem church); 20:17; 21:18; 1 Ti 5:17, 19 (Nicol. Dam.: 90 Fgm. 103a Jac. νεωτέρῳ πρεσβυτέρου καταμαρτυρεῖν οὐκ ἔξεστι); Tit 1:5; Js 5:14; 1 Pt 5:1, 5 (s. 1a above); 1 Cl 44:5; 47:6; 54:2; 57:1. WWrede, Untersuchungen zum 1 Cl 1891, 8ff.—Acc. to 2 Cl 17:3, 5 exhortation and preaching in the church services were among their duties.—In Ign. the πρεσβύτεροι come after the bishop, to whom they are subordinate IMg 2; 3:1; 6:1, or betw. the bishop and the deacons IPhld inscr.; 10:2; IPol 6:1, or the higher rank of the bishop in comparison to them is made plain in some other way ITr 3:1; 12:2 (s. πρεσβυτέριον b; cp. Hippol., Ref. 9, 12, 22).—Polycarp—an ἐπίσκοπος, accord. to the title of the Ep. bearing his name—groups himself w. πρεσβύτεροι in Pol inscr., and further takes the presence of presbyters in Philippi for granted (beside deacons, though no ἐπίσκοπος is mentioned; cp. Hdb. on Pol inscr.) Pol 5:3.
    β. Just how we are to understand the words ὁ πρεσβύτερος, applied to himself by the author of the two smallest Johannine letters 2J 1; 3J 1, remains in doubt. But in any case it is meant to indicate a position of great dignity the elder.—HWindisch, exc. on 3J, end; ESchwartz, Über den Tod der Söhne Zebedaei 1904, 47; 51; HWendt, ZNW 23, 1924, 19; EKäsemann, ZTK 48, ’51, 292–311; DWatson, NTS 35, ’89, 104–30, rhetorical analysis of 2J.—ὁ πρ. and οἱ πρ. are mentioned by Papias in these much-discussed passages: 2:3, 4, 5, 7, 14, 15. For some of the lit. s. the note on JKleist’s transl. ’48, p. 207 n. 18.
    γ. In Rv there are 24 elders sitting on thrones about the throne of God; they form a heavenly council of elders (cp. Is 24:23) 4:4, 10; 5:5–14; 7:11, 13; 11:16; 14:3; 19:4. The elders have been understood as glorified human beings of some kind or astral deities (or angels) (for the var. views s. RCharles, ICC Rv I 128–33; JMichl, D. 24 Ältesten in d. Apk. d. hl. J. ’38); the number 24 has been referred to the following: the 24 priestly classes of the Jews (1 Ch 24:7–18; Jos., Ant. 7, 365–67) whose heads were called ‘elders’ (Yoma 1, 5; Tamid 1, 1; Middoth 1, 8); the 24 stars which, according to Babylonian belief, stood half on the north and half on the south of the zodiac (Diod S 2, 31, 4; POsl 4, 19: HGunkel, Z. religionsgesch. Verständnis des NT 1903, 42f; Boll 35f); the 24 hours of the day, represented as old men w. shining garments and w. crowns (acc. to the Test. of Adam [ed. CBezold, TNöldeke Festschr. 1906, 893–912]: JWellhausen, Analyse der Offb. Joh. 1907, p. 9, 1; NMorosof, Offb. Joh. 1912, 32); the 24 Yazatas in the state of the gods in heaven, acc. to Persian thought (Bousset). It is certainly an open question whether, or how far, the writer of Rv had any of these things in mind.—On the presbyters, and esp. on the question how ἐπίσκοπος and πρεσβύτερος were originally related to each other (a question which is raised particularly in the pastorals; cp. MDibelius, Hdb. exc. after 1 Ti 3:7 section 2 [w. lit.] and before 5:17), s. the lit. s.v. ἐπίσκοπος.—BEaston, Pastoral Epistles ’47, 188–97; WMichaelis, Das Ältestenamt ’53; GBornkamm, πρεσβύτερος; RCampbell, The Elders ’94.—B. 1472. DELG s.v. πρέσβυς. M-M. EDNT. TW.

    Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά παλαιοχριστιανική Λογοτεχνία > πρεσβύτερος

  • 103 encanto

    m.
    1 charm (atractivo).
    ser un encanto to be a treasure o delight
    3 spell (hechizo).
    como por encanto as if by magic
    4 delight, pleasurable thing.
    pres.indicat.
    1st person singular (yo) present indicative of spanish verb: encantar.
    * * *
    1 (hechizo) spell, enchantment, charm
    2 figurado (cosa) delight, enchantment; (persona) charm
    3 familiar (apelativo) love, darling, sweetheart
    ■ lo que tú digas, encanto whatever you say, darling
    1 (gracias) charms
    * * *
    noun m.
    * * *
    SM
    1) (=atractivo) charm

    no es guapa, pero tiene su encanto — she isn't pretty, but she has charm

    2) (=maravilla)

    el niño es un encanto — he's a charming o lovely o delightful little boy

    ¡qué encanto de jardín! — what a lovely garden!

    3) [uso apelativo] darling

    ¡oye, encanto! — hello, gorgeous! *

    4) (=encantamiento) spell
    * * *
    1)
    a) ( atractivo) charm
    b) (fam) (maravilla, primor)
    2)
    a) ( hechizo) spell
    b) (Ven fam) ( fantasma) ghost
    * * *
    1)
    a) ( atractivo) charm
    b) (fam) (maravilla, primor)
    2)
    a) ( hechizo) spell
    b) (Ven fam) ( fantasma) ghost
    * * *
    encanto1
    1 = lure, glamour [glamor, -USA], allure, turn-on, mojo.

    Ex: The author of that passage does not entirely discount these ' lures'.

    Ex: In many cases needs other than those of the user are driving the further introduction of the Internet into libraries, e. g. the glamour and marketing value of connectivity, and the egos of librarians = En muchos casos necesidades diferentes a las de los usuarios están fomentando aún más la introducción de Internet en las bibliotecas, por ej., el carisma y el valor comercial de la red y el ego del bibliotecario.
    Ex: The article is entitled 'The perilous allure of moral imperativism'.
    Ex: Dr. James Houran discusses the different ways men and women show affection and addresses the top turn-ons and turn-offs with men and women.
    Ex: I think we all lose our mojo at certain times in our life, whether it be our inspiration, energy, creativity, or motivation.
    * encanto sexual = mojo, sex appeal.
    * perder el encanto = lose + Posesivo + allure, lose + Posesivo + savour, lose + Posesivo + shine.
    * que conserva su encanto natural = unspoilt [unspoiled, -USA].
    * sucumbir ante un encanto = succumb to + lure.

    encanto2
    2 = charm, magic spell, spell.

    Ex: Collected in 1907 from an oral source, this story depends for its charm and attraction on the colloquial flavour, its dialect.

    Ex: These love boats and the romantic Bahamas will no doubt continue to weave their magic spell.
    Ex: Such speculations carried ad infinitum are given concrete form in giants, and the enchantments of elves and dwarfs, and the magic of runes and spells.
    * como por encanto = magically.

    * * *
    A
    1 (atractivo) charm
    utilizó todos sus encantos para conquistarlo she used all her charms to win him over
    su sencillez es su mayor encanto its most appealing feature is its simplicity
    el atardecer aquí tiene su encanto there is something (special) about dusk here
    disfrute del encanto del paisaje y del clima tropical enjoy the charm of the landscape and the tropical climate
    2 ( fam)
    (maravilla, primor): muchas gracias, eres un encanto thank you very much, you're a darling ( colloq)
    ¡qué encanto de hombre! what a lovely o charming o delightful man!
    ¡hola encanto! ¿qué tal? hello, love o darling, how are you?
    tienen un jardín que es un encanto they have a lovely garden
    B
    1 (hechizo) spell
    se rompió el encanto the spell was broken
    como por encanto as if by magic
    2 ( Ven fam) (fantasma) ghost
    * * *

     

    Del verbo encantar: ( conjugate encantar)

    encanto es:

    1ª persona singular (yo) presente indicativo

    encantó es:

    3ª persona singular (él/ella/usted) pretérito indicativo

    Multiple Entries:
    encantar    
    encanto
    encantar ( conjugate encantar) verbo intransitivo (+ me/te/le etc):
    ◊ me encantó la obra I loved o I really enjoyed the play;

    me encantoía que me acompañaras I'd love you to come with me
    verbo transitivo
    to cast o put a spell on, bewitch
    encanto sustantivo masculino
    1


    su sencillez es su mayor encanto its most appealing feature is its simplicity
    b) (fam) ( maravilla):

    ◊ ¡qué encanto de hombre! what a lovely o charming man!;

    tienen un jardín que es un encanto they have a lovely garden
    2
    a) ( hechizo) spell;


    b) (Ven fam) ( fantasma) ghost

    encantar
    I vi (gustar mucho) to love: les encanta viajar, they love travelling
    su manera de recitar encantó al público, the audience were enraptured by his recital ➣ Ver nota en love
    II vt (embrujar) to bewitch, cast o put a spell on
    encanto sustantivo masculino
    1 (atractivo) charm: tiene mucho encanto, it's very charming
    2 (agradable) delight: tu hermana es un encanto, your sister's a little darling
    ' encanto' also found in these entries:
    Spanish:
    conquistar
    - embrujo
    - encantar
    - gancho
    - gracia
    - graciosa
    - gracioso
    - hechizo
    - manejar
    - ángel
    - atractivo
    - conferir
    - residir
    English:
    appeal
    - certain
    - charm
    - delight
    - exude
    - magic
    - magnetic
    - pulchritude
    - romance
    - spell
    - sweetie
    - take in
    - sweet
    - thrilled
    * * *
    1. [atractivo] charm;
    una ciudad llena de encanto a charming o lovely town;
    hoteles con encanto hotels with that special something;
    esta película ha perdido su encanto con los años time hasn't been kind to this film;
    no me pude resistir a sus encantos I couldn't resist her charms;
    una camiseta que realza sus encantos a T-shirt that shows off her assets
    2. [persona encantadora] charming o lovely person;
    ser un encanto to be a treasure o delight;
    es un encanto de mujer she's a charming o lovely woman;
    ¡qué encanto de nietos tiene! what lovely grandchildren she has!
    3. [apelativo cariñoso] darling;
    ven aquí, encanto come here, darling
    4. [hechizo] spell;
    como por encanto as if by magic;
    romper el encanto to break the spell
    * * *
    m
    1 ( atractivo) charm
    2 ( hechizo)
    :
    como por encanto as if by magic
    3
    :
    eres un encanto you’re an angel;
    ¡encanto! love of my life!
    * * *
    1) : charm, fascination
    2) hechizo: spell
    3) : delightful person or thing
    * * *
    encanto n charm

    Spanish-English dictionary > encanto

  • 104 all

    1. [ɔ:l] n
    1. ( часто All) всё сущее; мир, вселенная
    2. самое дорогое или ценное для кого-л.

    to give [to lose] one's all - отдать [потерять] самое дорогое на свете

    to stake one's all in this struggle - поставить на карту всё в этой борьбе

    2. [ɔ:l] a
    1. 1) весь, целый, вся, всё

    all (the) day - весь /целый/ день

    he sat up all night - он не ложился (спать) всю ночь; он вообще не ложился

    all England [the country, the world] - вся Англия [страна, весь мир]

    2) все

    all things - всё, все вещи

    at all times - во все времена, всегда

    a film suitable for all ages - фильм, который могут смотреть взрослые и дети

    all men [things] are not equally dependable - не на всех людей [не на всё] можно в равной степени полагаться

    2. всякий, всевозможный; любой

    all manner of... - всякого рода...

    all manner of men [of things] - всякие /разные/ люди [вещи]

    at all events - во всяком /в любом/ случае, при всех обстоятельствах

    3. весь, наибольший, предельный; максимально возможный

    with all respect - с полным /с должным, со всем/ уважением

    he spoke in all earnestness - он говорил со всей серьёзностью /совершенно серьёзно/

    4. какой-нибудь, какой бы то ни было

    he denied all responsibility [intention] - он сказал, что он ни за что не отвечает [что у него не было подобных намерений]

    5. эмоц.-усил. весь

    a face all pimples - не лицо, а одни прыщи

    6. амер. диал. (за)кончившийся, истёкший; ≅ был да сплыл

    the pie is all - весь пирог съеден; пирог кончился

    the butter is all - масло кончилось, масла больше нет

    ♢ all things require skill but an appetite - посл. ≅ аппетит даётся от рождения

    of all people - кто-кто, но не вы (выражение удивления чьим-л. поступком, кем-л.)

    of all people he should be the last to complain - не ему бы жаловаться!; у него меньше всех оснований для жалоб

    why ask me to help, of all people? - с какой стати /почему/ вы обращаетесь за помощью именно ко мне?

    of all idiots /nitwits/! - ≅ свет таких дураков не видел!

    3. [ɔ:l] adv
    1. 1) всецело, целиком, полностью

    all set - готовый к действию, в полной готовности

    all covered with mud - весь забрызганный грязью /в грязи/

    that's all wrong - это совсем не так, это неверно

    things are all wrong - всё идёт не так, всё пошло прахом

    I am all for staying here - я целиком за то, чтобы остаться здесь

    my wife is all for calling in a doctor - моя жена обязательно хочет позвать врача

    2) совсем, совершенно

    he did it all alone - он сделал это без посторонней помощи /сам, самостоятельно/

    3) только, ничего кроме, исключительно

    he spent his income all on pleasure - он тратил (свои) деньги только на развлечения

    all words and no thoughts - сплошные /одни/ слова и никаких (своих) мыслей

    2. спорт. жарг. поровну, ровно ( о счёте)

    love all - по нулю, 0:0

    all along - разг. а) всё время, всегда

    I knew it all along - я всегда это знал; мне это было давно известно; б) = all along the line [см. along II 1, 2); см. тж. all along]

    all round, all around - кругом, со всех сторон [см. тж. all-around II, all-round]

    all through - всё целиком, до конца

    all at once - вдруг, сразу, внезапно; одновременно

    has he made up his mind all at once? - он что же, вдруг так сразу и решил?

    all of a sudden - вдруг, неожиданно

    all but см. all but

    all the better [worse] - тем лучше [хуже]

    all the more (so) - тем более; тем больше оснований (сделать, сказать что-л.)

    all the same - а) безразлично, всё равно; it's all the same to me whether he comes or not - мне всё равно, придёт он или нет; if it is all the same to you - если вы не возражаете; если это вам безразлично; б) всё-таки, тем не менее; all the same I wish you hadn't done it - и всё же мне жаль, что вы это сделали

    all one - всё равно, безразлично

    ♢ all there - зоркий, бдительный, всегда начеку

    not all there - а) придурковатый, глуповатый; б) чокнутый, «с приветом»

    all in см. all in

    all out см. all out

    all over - а) см. all over; б) (по)кончено, закончено, завершено

    it is all over with him - с ним всё кончено; с ним покончено; для него всё кончено, он погиб

    all up - а) полигр. (полностью) набранный; б) безнадёжный, пропащий; it's all up with him - they've caught him - теперь ему крышка /с ним покончено, он человек конченый/ - они схватили /поймали/ его

    all of a dither /doodah, flutter/ - в состоянии растерянности и недоумения

    4. [ɔ:l] indef pron
    1. 1) все
    2) всё

    is that all you want to say? - это всё, что вы хотите сказать?

    in the middle of it all - в середине /в разгаре/ всего этого (разговора, события и т. п.)

    all of - а) все; all of them must come - они все должны прийти; б) всё; all of it - всё (целиком)

    it cost him all of 1000 dollars - это ему стоило по меньшей мере /целых/ 1000 долларов

    (the) best of all would be to... - лучше всего было бы...; б) больше всего

    one and all, each and all - все до одного

    all and sundry, one and all - все без исключения, все подряд, все до одного

    ♢ not at all - а) ничуть; not at all good [clever, stupid] - нисколько /совсем, отнюдь/ не хорош [не умён, не глуп]; б) пожалуйста, не стоит благодарности (в ответ на «спасибо»)

    nothing at all - а) совсем ничего; б) ерунда

    and all - а) и всё остальное; he bought the house and all - он купил дом и всё, что в нём было; б) и так далее, и всё такое прочее, и тому подобное

    I wash and scrub and dust and all - я стираю, мою полы, вытираю пыль и так далее

    all in all - а) в итоге, всего; all in all, the article undergoes 20 inspections - в итоге каждое изделие проверяется 20 раз; б) в общем; take it all in all, this has been a hard week - в общем и целом неделя была трудная; all in all, he is right - в общем /в целом/ он прав; all in all, it might be worse - в общем, дело могло обернуться хуже; в) самое дорогое; самое важное; her work was all in all to her - работа была для неё всем; they are all in all to each other - они души друг в друге не чают; г) полностью, целиком

    and trust me not at all or all in all - и либо вовсе мне не верь, либо доверяй полностью /во всём/

    take smb., smth. for all in all - в полном смысле

    he is a man, take him for all in all - он настоящий мужчина

    for all he is so silent nothing escapes him - хоть он и молчит, ничто не ускользает от его внимания

    all for nothing - зря, напрасно

    for all I care - ≅ мне это безразлично

    he may be dead for all I care - мне совершенно всё равно, жив он или нет

    for all he may say... - что бы он ни говорил /ни сказал/...

    at all - а) вообще; if he comes at all - если он вообще придёт; б) хоть сколько-нибудь

    if he coughs at all she runs to him - стоит ему только кашлянуть, она бежит к нему

    if you hesitate at all - если вы хоть сколько-нибудь колеблетесь /сомневаетесь/

    without at all presuming to criticize you... - отнюдь не желая критиковать вас...

    not to know what all - и так далее, и прочее

    she must have a new hat, new shoes, and I don't know what all - ей нужна новая шляпа, новые туфли и всякое такое

    if at all - а) если и есть, то очень мало; б) если это случится /произойдёт/

    he will write to you tomorrow if at all - он вам напишет завтра, если вообще будет писать

    he will be here in time if at all - если он придёт, то (придёт) вовремя

    all told - с учётом всего; в общем и целом

    all that см. all that

    all very well but... - это всё прекрасно, но... ( выражает сомнение)

    she says he's reliable which is all very well, but it doesn't convince me - она говорит, что он человек надёжный, но меня это не очень убеждает

    it's all very well for you to say so, but... - вам легко так говорить, но...

    НБАРС > all

  • 105 all

    1. [ɔ:l] n
    1. ( часто All) всё сущее; мир, вселенная
    2. самое дорогое или ценное для кого-л.

    to give [to lose] one's all - отдать [потерять] самое дорогое на свете

    to stake one's all in this struggle - поставить на карту всё в этой борьбе

    2. [ɔ:l] a
    1. 1) весь, целый, вся, всё

    all (the) day - весь /целый/ день

    he sat up all night - он не ложился (спать) всю ночь; он вообще не ложился

    all England [the country, the world] - вся Англия [страна, весь мир]

    2) все

    all things - всё, все вещи

    at all times - во все времена, всегда

    a film suitable for all ages - фильм, который могут смотреть взрослые и дети

    all men [things] are not equally dependable - не на всех людей [не на всё] можно в равной степени полагаться

    2. всякий, всевозможный; любой

    all manner of... - всякого рода...

    all manner of men [of things] - всякие /разные/ люди [вещи]

    at all events - во всяком /в любом/ случае, при всех обстоятельствах

    3. весь, наибольший, предельный; максимально возможный

    with all respect - с полным /с должным, со всем/ уважением

    he spoke in all earnestness - он говорил со всей серьёзностью /совершенно серьёзно/

    4. какой-нибудь, какой бы то ни было

    he denied all responsibility [intention] - он сказал, что он ни за что не отвечает [что у него не было подобных намерений]

    5. эмоц.-усил. весь

    a face all pimples - не лицо, а одни прыщи

    6. амер. диал. (за)кончившийся, истёкший; ≅ был да сплыл

    the pie is all - весь пирог съеден; пирог кончился

    the butter is all - масло кончилось, масла больше нет

    ♢ all things require skill but an appetite - посл. ≅ аппетит даётся от рождения

    of all people - кто-кто, но не вы (выражение удивления чьим-л. поступком, кем-л.)

    of all people he should be the last to complain - не ему бы жаловаться!; у него меньше всех оснований для жалоб

    why ask me to help, of all people? - с какой стати /почему/ вы обращаетесь за помощью именно ко мне?

    of all idiots /nitwits/! - ≅ свет таких дураков не видел!

    3. [ɔ:l] adv
    1. 1) всецело, целиком, полностью

    all set - готовый к действию, в полной готовности

    all covered with mud - весь забрызганный грязью /в грязи/

    that's all wrong - это совсем не так, это неверно

    things are all wrong - всё идёт не так, всё пошло прахом

    I am all for staying here - я целиком за то, чтобы остаться здесь

    my wife is all for calling in a doctor - моя жена обязательно хочет позвать врача

    2) совсем, совершенно

    he did it all alone - он сделал это без посторонней помощи /сам, самостоятельно/

    3) только, ничего кроме, исключительно

    he spent his income all on pleasure - он тратил (свои) деньги только на развлечения

    all words and no thoughts - сплошные /одни/ слова и никаких (своих) мыслей

    2. спорт. жарг. поровну, ровно ( о счёте)

    love all - по нулю, 0:0

    all along - разг. а) всё время, всегда

    I knew it all along - я всегда это знал; мне это было давно известно; б) = all along the line [см. along II 1, 2); см. тж. all along]

    all round, all around - кругом, со всех сторон [см. тж. all-around II, all-round]

    all through - всё целиком, до конца

    all at once - вдруг, сразу, внезапно; одновременно

    has he made up his mind all at once? - он что же, вдруг так сразу и решил?

    all of a sudden - вдруг, неожиданно

    all but см. all but

    all the better [worse] - тем лучше [хуже]

    all the more (so) - тем более; тем больше оснований (сделать, сказать что-л.)

    all the same - а) безразлично, всё равно; it's all the same to me whether he comes or not - мне всё равно, придёт он или нет; if it is all the same to you - если вы не возражаете; если это вам безразлично; б) всё-таки, тем не менее; all the same I wish you hadn't done it - и всё же мне жаль, что вы это сделали

    all one - всё равно, безразлично

    ♢ all there - зоркий, бдительный, всегда начеку

    not all there - а) придурковатый, глуповатый; б) чокнутый, «с приветом»

    all in см. all in

    all out см. all out

    all over - а) см. all over; б) (по)кончено, закончено, завершено

    it is all over with him - с ним всё кончено; с ним покончено; для него всё кончено, он погиб

    all up - а) полигр. (полностью) набранный; б) безнадёжный, пропащий; it's all up with him - they've caught him - теперь ему крышка /с ним покончено, он человек конченый/ - они схватили /поймали/ его

    all of a dither /doodah, flutter/ - в состоянии растерянности и недоумения

    4. [ɔ:l] indef pron
    1. 1) все
    2) всё

    is that all you want to say? - это всё, что вы хотите сказать?

    in the middle of it all - в середине /в разгаре/ всего этого (разговора, события и т. п.)

    all of - а) все; all of them must come - они все должны прийти; б) всё; all of it - всё (целиком)

    it cost him all of 1000 dollars - это ему стоило по меньшей мере /целых/ 1000 долларов

    (the) best of all would be to... - лучше всего было бы...; б) больше всего

    one and all, each and all - все до одного

    all and sundry, one and all - все без исключения, все подряд, все до одного

    ♢ not at all - а) ничуть; not at all good [clever, stupid] - нисколько /совсем, отнюдь/ не хорош [не умён, не глуп]; б) пожалуйста, не стоит благодарности (в ответ на «спасибо»)

    nothing at all - а) совсем ничего; б) ерунда

    and all - а) и всё остальное; he bought the house and all - он купил дом и всё, что в нём было; б) и так далее, и всё такое прочее, и тому подобное

    I wash and scrub and dust and all - я стираю, мою полы, вытираю пыль и так далее

    all in all - а) в итоге, всего; all in all, the article undergoes 20 inspections - в итоге каждое изделие проверяется 20 раз; б) в общем; take it all in all, this has been a hard week - в общем и целом неделя была трудная; all in all, he is right - в общем /в целом/ он прав; all in all, it might be worse - в общем, дело могло обернуться хуже; в) самое дорогое; самое важное; her work was all in all to her - работа была для неё всем; they are all in all to each other - они души друг в друге не чают; г) полностью, целиком

    and trust me not at all or all in all - и либо вовсе мне не верь, либо доверяй полностью /во всём/

    take smb., smth. for all in all - в полном смысле

    he is a man, take him for all in all - он настоящий мужчина

    for all he is so silent nothing escapes him - хоть он и молчит, ничто не ускользает от его внимания

    all for nothing - зря, напрасно

    for all I care - ≅ мне это безразлично

    he may be dead for all I care - мне совершенно всё равно, жив он или нет

    for all he may say... - что бы он ни говорил /ни сказал/...

    at all - а) вообще; if he comes at all - если он вообще придёт; б) хоть сколько-нибудь

    if he coughs at all she runs to him - стоит ему только кашлянуть, она бежит к нему

    if you hesitate at all - если вы хоть сколько-нибудь колеблетесь /сомневаетесь/

    without at all presuming to criticize you... - отнюдь не желая критиковать вас...

    not to know what all - и так далее, и прочее

    she must have a new hat, new shoes, and I don't know what all - ей нужна новая шляпа, новые туфли и всякое такое

    if at all - а) если и есть, то очень мало; б) если это случится /произойдёт/

    he will write to you tomorrow if at all - он вам напишет завтра, если вообще будет писать

    he will be here in time if at all - если он придёт, то (придёт) вовремя

    all told - с учётом всего; в общем и целом

    all that см. all that

    all very well but... - это всё прекрасно, но... ( выражает сомнение)

    she says he's reliable which is all very well, but it doesn't convince me - она говорит, что он человек надёжный, но меня это не очень убеждает

    it's all very well for you to say so, but... - вам легко так говорить, но...

    НБАРС > all

  • 106 DAGR

    (gen. dags, dat. degi; pl. dagar), m.
    1) day;
    at kveldi skal dag leyfa, at eventide shall the day be praised;
    dagr kemr upp í austri, sezt í vestri, the day rises in the east, sets in the west;
    öndverðr dagr, the early day, forenoon;
    miðr dagr, midday;
    hallandi dagr, declining day;
    at kveldi dags, síð dags, late in the day;
    sannr sem dagr, true as day;
    í dag, today;
    á (or um) daginn, during the day;
    sama dags, the same day;
    annan dag, the next day;
    annars dag, another day;
    hindra dags, the day after, tomorrow;
    dag frá degi, hvern dag frá öðrum, from day to day;
    dag eptir dag, day after day;
    nótt ok dag, night and day;
    dögunum optar, more times than there are days, over and over again;
    á deyjanda degi, on one’s death-day;
    2) pl., days, times;
    ef aðrir dagar (better days) koma;
    góðir dagar, happy days;
    3) esp. pl., lifetime;
    á dögum e-s, um daga e-s, in the days of, during or in the reign of;
    eptir minn dag, when I am dead (gaf honum alla sína eign eptir sinn dag);
    mátti hann eigi lengr gefa en um sína dagi, than for his lifetime;
    ráða (taka) e-n af dögum, to put to death.
    * * *
    m., irreg. dat. degi, pl. dagar: [the kindred word dœgr with a vowel change from ó (dóg) indicates a lost root verb analogous to ala, ól, cp. dalr and dælir; this word is common to all Teutonic dialects; Goth. dags; A. S. dag; Engl. day; Swed.-Dan. dag; Germ. tag; the Lat. dies seems to be identical, although no interchange has taken place]
    I. a day; in different senses:
    1. the natural day:—sayings referring to the day, at kveldi skal dag leyfa, at eventide shall the day be praised, Hm. 80 ; allir dagar eiga kveld um síðir; mörg eru dags augu, vide auga; enginn dagr til enda tryggr, no day can be trusted till its end; allr dagr til stefnu, Grág. i. 395, 443, is a law phrase,—for summoning was lawful only if performed during the day; this phrase is also used metaph. = ‘plenty of time’ or the like: popular phrases as to the daylight are many—dagr rennr, or rennr upp, and kemr upp, the day rises, Bm. 1; dagr í austri, day in the east, where the daylight first appears; dagsbrún, ‘day’s brow,’ is the first streak of daylight, the metaphor taken from the human face; lysir af degi, it brightens from the day, i. e. daylight is appearing; dagr ljómar, the day gleams; fyrir dag, before day; móti degi, undir dag, about daybreak; komið at degi, id., Fms. viii. 398; dagr á lopti, day in the sky; árla, snemma dags, early in the morning, Pass. 15. 17; dagr um allt lopt, etc.; albjartr dagr, hábjartr d., full day, broad daylight; hæstr dagr, high day; önd-verðr d., the early day = forenoon, Am. 50; miðr dagr, midday, Grág. i. 413, 446, Sks. 217, 219; áliðinn dagr, late in the day, Fas. i. 313; hallandi dagr, declining day; at kveldi dags, síð dags, late in the day, Fms. i. 69. In the evening the day is said to set, hence dag-sett, dag-setr, and dagr setzt; in tales, ghosts and spirits come out with nightfall, but dare not face the day; singing merry songs after nightfall is not safe, það kallast ekki Kristnum leyft að kveða þegar dagsett er, a ditty; Syrpuvers er mestr galdr er í fólginn, ok eigi er lofat at kveða eptir dagsetr, Fas. iii. 206, Ísl. Þjóðs. ii. 7, 8: the daylight is symbolical of what is true or clear as day, hence the word dagsanna, or satt sem dagr, q. v.
    2. of different days; í dag, to-day, Grág. i. 16, 18, Nj. 36, Ld. 76, Fms. vi. 151; í gær-dag, yesterday; í fyrra dag, the day before yesterday, Háv. 50; í hinni-fyrra dag, the third day; annars dags, Vígl. 23, Pass. 50. I; hindra dags, the hinder day, the day after to-morrow, Hm. 109; dag eptir dag, day after day, Hkr. ii. 313; dag frá degi, from day to day, Fms. ii. 230; hvern dag frá öðrum, id., Fms. viii. 182; annan dag frá öðrum. id., Eg. 277; um daginn, during the day; á dögunum. the other day; nótt ok dag, night and day; liðlangan dag, the ‘life-long’ day; dögunum optar, more times than there are days, i. e. over and over again, Fms. x. 433; á deyjanda degi, on one’s day of death, Grág. i. 402.
    β. regu-dagr, a rainy day: sólskins-dagr, a sunny day; sumar-dagr, a summer day; vetrar-dagr, a winter day; hátíðis-dagr, a feast day; fegins-dagr, a day of joy; dóms-dagr, the day of doom, judgment day, Gl. 82, Fms. viii. 98; hamingju-dagr, heilla-dagr, a day of happiness; gleði-dagr, id.; brúðkaups-dagr, bridal-day; burðar-dagr, a birthday.
    3. in pl. days in the sense of times; aðrir dagar, Fms. i. 216; ek ætlaða ekki at þessir dagar mundu verða, sem nú eru orðnir, Nj. 171; góðir dagar, happy days, Fms. xi. 286, 270; sjá aldrei glaðan dag (sing.), never to see glad days.
    β. á e-s dögum, um e-s daga eptir e-s daga, esp. of the lifetime or reign of kings, Fms.; but in Icel. also used of the lögsögumaðr, Jb. repeatedly; vera á dögum, to be alive; eptir minn dag, ‘after my day,’ i. e. when I am dead.
    γ. calendar days, e. g. Hvíta-dagar, the White days, i. e. Whitsuntide; Hunda-dagar, the Dog days; Banda-dagr, Vincula Petri; Höfuð-dagr, Decap. Johannis; Geisla-dagr, Epiphany; Imbru-dagar, Ember days; Gang-dagar, ‘Ganging days,’ Rogation days; Dýri-dagr, Corpus Christi; etc.
    4. of the week-days; the old names being Sunnu-d. or Drottins-d., Mána-d., Týs-d., Öðins-d., Þórs-d., Frjá-d., Laugar-d. or Þvátt-d. It is hard to understand how the Icel. should be the one Teut. people that have disused the old names of the week-days; but so it was, vide Jóns S. ch. 24; fyrir bauð hann at eigna daga vitrum mönnum heiðnum, svá sem at kalla Týrsdag Óðinsdag, eðr Þórsdag, ok svá um alla vikudaga, etc., Bs. i. 237, cp. 165. Thus bishop John (died A. D. 1121) caused them to name the days as the church does (Feria sccunda, etc.); viz. Þriði-d. or Þriðju-d., Third-day = Tuesday, Rb. 44, K. Þ. K. 100, Ísl. ii. 345; Fimti-d., Fifth-day—Thursday, Rb. 42, Grág. i. 146, 464, 372, ii. 248, Nj. 274; Föstu-d., Fast-day = Friday; Miðviku-d., Midweek-day = Wednesday, was borrowed from the Germ. Mittwoch; throughout the 12th and 13th centuries, however, the old and new names were used indiscriminately. The question arises whether even the old names were not imported from abroad (England); certainly the Icel. of heathen times did not reckon by weeks; even the word week (vika) is probably of eccl. Latin origin (vices, recurrences). It is curious that the Scandinavian form of Friday, old Icel. Frjádagr, mod. Swed.-Dan. Fredag, is A. S. in form; ‘Frjá-,’ ‘Fre-,’ can hardly be explained but from A. S. Freâ-, and would be an irregular transition from the Norse form Frey. The transition of ja into mod. Swed.-Dan. e is quite regular, whereas Icel. ey (in Frey) would require the mod. Swed.-Dan. ö or u sound. Names of weekdays are only mentioned in Icel. poems of the 11th century (Arnór, Sighvat); but at the time of bishop John the reckoning by weeks was probably not fully established, and the names of the days were still new to the people. 5. the day is in Icel. divided according to the position of the sun above the horizon; these fixed traditional marks are called dags-mörk, day-marks, and are substitutes for the hours of modern times, viz. ris-mál or miðr-morgun, dag-mál, há-degi, mið-degi or mið-mundi, nón, miðr-aptan, nátt-mál, vide these words. The middle point of two day-marks is called jafn-nærri-báðum, in modern pronunciation jöfnu-báðu, equally-near-both, the day-marks following in the genitive; thus in Icel. a man asks, hvað er fram orðið, what is the time? and the reply is, jöfnubáðu miðsmorguns og dagmála, half-way between mid-morning and day-meal, or stund til (to) dagmála; hallandi dagmál, or stund af ( past) dagmálum; jöfnu-báðu hádegis og dagmúla, about ten or half-past ten o’clock, etc. Those day-marks are traditional in every farm, and many of them no doubt date from the earliest settling of the country. Respecting the division of the day, vide Pál Vídal. s. v. Allr dagr til stefnu, Finnus Johann., Horologium Island., Eyktamörk Íslenzk (published at the end of the Rb.), and a recent essay of Finn Magnusson.
    II. denoting a term, but only in compounds, dagi, a, m., where the weak form is used, cp. ein-dagi, mál-dagi, bar-dagi, skil-dagi.
    III. jis a pr. name, Dagr, (freq.); in this sense the dat. is Dag, not Degi, cp. Óðinn léði Dag (dat.) geirs síns, Sæm. 114.
    COMPDS: dagatal, dagsbrun, dagshelgi, dagsljós, dagsmark, dagsmegin, dagsmunr.

    Íslensk-ensk orðabók > DAGR

  • 107 ER

    I) (older form es), rel. part. in old poems and in law phrases ‘es’ is suffixed to a demonstrative or interrogative word, pron. or adv., as s: sás, sús, þats, þeims, þærs; þars, þás, þegars, síðans, hveims, hvars, &c., = sá es, sú es, þar es, þá es, &c.
    I. used as a rel. pron., indecl., who, which, that;
    1) Mörðr hét maðr, er (nom.) kallaðr var gígja;
    grös fögr, er (acc.) hón hafði í hendi;
    aðra hluti þá, er (gen.) menn vildu visir verða;
    þann einn son, er (dat.) hann ann lítit;
    2) with a prep. placed at the end of the sentence;
    land, er hann kom frá, the land he came from;
    jötunn, er ór steini var höfuðit á (viz. honum), whose head was of stone;
    3) ellipt., the prep. being understood;
    ór þeim ættum, er mér þóttu fuglarnir fljúga (viz. ór), from the quarter that I thought the birds flew from;
    þeir hafa nú látit líf sitt, er mér þykkir eigi vert at lifa (viz. eptir), whom I think it is not worth while to outlive;
    4) a personal or demonstr. pron. may be added to the rel. part., er þú, er þik; er hann, er hón, er hana, er hans, er hennar, er þeim, er þeiri, er þeira, etc.;
    œrr ertu, Loki, er þú (who) yðra telr ljóta leiðstafi;
    sá maðr, er hann vill, that man who wishes;
    nema ein Goðrún, er hón æva grét, who never wept;
    ekkja heitir sú, er búandi hennar (whose husband) varð sóttdauðr;
    þann konung, er undir honum eru skatt-konungar, that king under whom are tributary kings;
    5) in the fourteenth century added to the int. pron., hverr;
    þat herbergi, í hverju er hann ( in which = er hann í því) hefir sitt ráð ok ræðr;
    II. as a conj. and adv.
    1) local, er, þar er, there where;
    hann sá á eldinum fölskann, er netit hafði brunnit, where the net had been burnt;
    Ó. gekk þar til, er H. lá, to the spot where H. lay;
    2) of time, er, þá er, when;
    ok er, and when;
    en er, but when;
    þar til er, until;
    í því er, just when;
    eptir (þat) er, when;
    þegar er, as soon as (þegar er lýsti, stóð konungr upp);
    síðan er, since;
    meðan er, while;
    næst er vér kómum, next when we came;
    þá lét í hamrinum, sem er reið gengr, as when it thunders;
    3) = at, that;
    ok fannst þat á öllu, er hón þóttist vargefin, that she thought she was thrown away;
    ek em þess sæll, er okkart félag sleit, I am happy that;
    skyldi fara fyrst leyniliga, en þó kom þar, er allir vissu, but it came to this, that every one knew of it.
    II) from vera.
    * * *
    1.
    old form es, mod. sometimes eð, but usually ‘er;’ indecl. Particle used as relat. pron. or as relat. adv.; in very old MSS. always es, and rhymed so by old poets; in the 12th century it changed into er. In poems and in law phrases the particle ‘es’ is suffixed to the pronoun or adverb, as s or z, e. g. thus: as pron., sá’s = sá es (so in ‘people’s Engl.’ he as, him as, for he who, etc.), Hkr. iii. 11 (Sighvat); dat. þeim’s = þeim es, illi qui, Hm. 3, Fms. vi. 38 (Sighvat); acc. masc. þann’z or þann’s = þann es, illum qui, Vsp. 45 (MS.), Od. i, Hm. 44, 120, Hým. 39, Am. 90; neut. þatz = þat es, illud quod, Hm. 39, Am. 37, Hkv. Hjörv. 3, Fms. iii. 9 (Hallfred): as conj. or adv., hvárt’z … eða = hvárt es … eða, utrum … an, Grág. (Ed. 1853); hvárt’z hann vill at reiða eða …, i. 25, 145, 152, 155, 156, 161, 233, ii. 50: as adv., þegar’s = þegar es, as soon as, Grág. (Ed. 1853) i. 94, Am. 30; síðan’s = síðan es, since (Old Engl. sithens, sithence), 78; even sem’s = sem es, Am. 103; hvar’s = hvar es, wherever, 47, Mork. 138, Hm. 138; hve’s = hve es, however, 140 (MS. hvers), Skálda 190 (in a verse); þar’s = þar es, there where, i. e. where, Grág. i. 46, 153, Hm. 66, Hbl. 60, Gm. 8, Ls. 50, Mork. 18, 34, 37, 62, 170, Skálda 189 (Bragi), Edda (Ht.) 124, where this anastrophe is called bragar-mál, poetical diction; hvarge’s = hvarge es, wherever, Grág. ii. 44. The Icel. has no relat. pron. but only the relat. particles er and sem, both of them indecl. in gender, case, and number; in simple sentences the sense (gender etc.) is clear from the context; and the language has certain expedients to meet the deficiency.
    A. Used as relat. pron. which, who, that:
    I. used alone, where there is perhaps an ellipse of the demonstrative, er = er hann (þeir, þær, þeim, etc.);
    α. nom., á þeim bæ, er Abia heitir, 625. 83; Mörðr hét maðr, er kallaðr var Gigja, Nj. 1; hann átti dóttur eina, er Unnr hét, id.; þá skulu þeir, er fær eru ( who are) saman, Grág. i. 9; maðr, er þessa þurfi, id.; at þeim svörum, er verða, 19; lið þat, er þeim hafðI þangat fylgt, Fms. i. 62; konur þær, er völfur vóru kallaðar, iii. 212; þeim unga manni, er þar sitr hjá þér, id.
    β. acc., þingfesti manna þeirra, er ( quos) menn vilja sækja, Grág. i. 19; sakar þeirrar, er ( quam) ek hefi höfðað, id.
    γ. gen., aðra hluti þá, er ( quorum) menn viidu vísir verða, Fms. iii. 212.
    δ. dat., þann einn, er ( cui) hann ann lítið, Fms. i. 86.
    ε. joined to a demonstrative; allir Þrændir, þeir er …, all the Th., who …, Fms. i. 62.
    II. with a prep., which, as often in Engl., is placed at the end of the sentence; er hann kom til, whom he came to; land, er hann kom frá, the land he came from; so Lat. quocum venit = er hann kom með sub quibus = er … undir; in quibus = er … í, etc.: the prep. may also be a penultimate, e. g. the phrase, er mér er á ván, wlich I have a hope of; or, er hann var yfir settr, whom he was set over, etc.; this use of the pronoun is undoubtedly elliptical, the corresponding demonstrative pronoun being left out, although the ellipse is not felt; þvengrinn sá er muðrinn Loka var saman rifjaðr með (Kb. omits the prep.), the lace that the mouth of Loki was stitched with, Edda 71; öðrum höfðingjum, þeim er honum þótti liðs at ván (that is to say, þeim, er honum þótti liðs van at þeim), at whose hands, i. e. from whom he thought help likely to come, Fms. i; þeir er ek mæli þetta til (= er ek mæli þetta til þeirra), those to whom I speak, xi. 12; er engi hefir áðr til orðit, Nj. 190; in stórúðgi jötunn, er ór steini var höfuðit á (= er ór steini var höfuðit á honum), whose head was of stone. Hbl. 15; því er vér urðum á sáttir, Fms. xi. 34; við glugg þann í loptinu, er fuglinn hafðI áðr við setið. the window close to which the bird sat. Eg.: nokkurum þeim höfðingja, er mér sé eigandi vinátta við (viz. þá). Ó. H. 78: þá sjón, er mér þykir mikils um vert (viz. hana), 74; er mér þat at sýn orðit, er ek hefi opt heyrt frá sagt (= frá því sagt), 57; til vatns þess, er Á en Helga fellr ór, 163: til kirkju þeirra, es bein eru færð til, Grág. i. 13 new Ed.
    2. ellipt. the prep. being understood, esp. to avoid the repetition of it; ekirinn sá er brendr vár Ásgarðr (viz. með), Edda (pref.); hann gékk til herbergis þess, er konungr var inni (viz. í), he went to the house that the king was in, Ó. H. 160, Fb. iii. 251; dyrr þær, er ganga mátti upp á húsit (viz. gegnum, through), the doors through which one could walk up to the house, Eg. 421; ór þeim ættum er mér þóttu fuglarnir fljúga (viz. ór), the airt ( quarter) that I thought the birds flew from, Ísl. ii. 196; yfir þeim manni, er Mörðr hafði sök sína fram sagt (viz. yfir), the man over whose head ( to whom) Mord had pleaded his suit, Nj. 242; þrjú þing, þau er menn ætluðu (viz. á), three parliaments, in ( during) which men thought …, 71; nær borg þeirri, er konungr sat (viz. í), near the town the king resided in, Eg. 287; Montakassin, er dyrkast Benedictus, Monte Cassino, where B. is worshipped, Fms. xi. 415; þeir hafa nú látið lif sitt fyrir skömmu, er mér þykir eigi vert at lifa (viz. eptir), they, whom methinks it is not worth while to outlive, 150; fara eptir með hunda, er þeir vóru vanir at spyrja þá upp (viz. með), er undan hljópusk, they pursued with hounds, that they were wont to pick up fugitives with, i. e. with bloodbounds, v. 145; þat er í þrem stöðum, er dauðum má sök gefa (viz. í), it is in three places that a man can be slain with impunity, N. G. L. i. 62; þat er í einum stað, er maðr hittir (viz. í), it is in one place that …, id.
    III. a demonstrative pron. may be added to the relat. particle, e. g. er þeirra = quorum, er þeim = quibus, er hans, er hennar = cujus; but this is chiefly used in old translations from Lat., being rarely found in original writings; þann konung, er undir honum eru skatt-konungar, that king under whom vassals serve, Edda 93; ekkja heitir sú, er búandi hennar ( whose husband) varð sótt-dauðr; hæll er sú kona kölluð er búandi hennar er veginn, 108; sú sam-stafa, er raddar-stafr hennar er náttúrlega skammr, that syllable, the vowel of which is naturally short, Skálda 179; sá maðr, er hann vill, that man who wishes, Grág. i. 19; sá maðr, er hann skal fasta, 36; nema ein Guðrún, er hón æva grét, G. that never wailed, Gh. 40; þess manns, er hann girnisk, Hom. 54; sæl er sú bygghlaða … er ór þeirri …, felix est illud horreum … unde …, Hom. 15; engi er hærri speki en sú, er í þeirri …, nulla melior est sapientia quam ea, qua …, 28; varðveita boðorð hans, fyrir þann er vér erum skapaðir, ejusque mandata custodire, per quem creati sumus, 28; harða göfugr er háttr hófsemi, fyrir þá er saman stendr …, nobilis virtus est valde temperantia, per quam …, id.; elskendum Guð þann er svá mælti, Deum diligentibus qui ait, id.; skírn Græðara várs, er í þeirri, 56; er á þeim = in quibus, 52: rare in mod. writers, enginn kann að játa eðr iðrast réttilega þeirrar syndar, er hann þekkir ekki stærð hennar og ílsku, Vídal. i. 226.
    IV. in the 14th century, the relat. pron. hverr was admitted, but by adding the particle er; yet it has never prevailed, and no relative pronoun is used in Icel. (except that this pronoun occurs in the N. T. and sermons, e. g. Luke xi. 1, whose blood Pilate had mingled, is rendered hverra blóði Pilatus hafði blandað; an old translator would have said, er P. hafði blandað blóði þeirra): hvern er þeir erfðu, M. K. 156; hverjar er hón lauk mér, id.; af hverju er hann megi marka, Stj. 114; hvat er tákna mundi, Fms. xi. 12.
    V. the few following instances are rare and curious, er þú, er ek, er mér, er hón; and are analogous to the Germ. der ich, der du, I that, thou that; in Hm. l. c. ‘er’ is almost a superfluous enclitic, eyvitar fyrna er maðr annan skal, Hm. 93; sáttir þínar er ek vil snemma hafa, Alm. 7; ójafnt skipta er þú mundir, Hbl. 25; þrár hafðar er ek hefi, Fsm. 50; auði frá er mér ætluð var, sandi orpin sæng, Sl. 49; lauga-vatn er mér leiðast var eitt allra hluta, 50; ærr ertu Loki, er þú yðra telr, Ls. 29, cp. 21, Og. 12, Hkv. 2. 32; tröll, er þik bíta eigi járn, Ísl. ii. 364. ☞ This want of a proper relat. pron. has probably preserved Icel. prose from foreign influences; in rendering Lat. or mod. Germ. into Icel. almost every sentence must be altered and broken up in order to make it vernacular.
    B. Conj. and adv. joined with a demonstrative particle, where, when:
    1. loc., þar er, there where = ubi; þar er hvárki sé akr né eng, Grág. i. 123; hvervetna þess, er, N. G. L. passim.
    2. temp. when; ok er, and when; en er, but when: þá er, then when; þar til er, until, etc., passim; annan dag, er menn gengu, Nj. 3; brá þeim mjök við, er þan sá hann, 68; sjaldan fór þá svá, er vel vildi, Ld. 290; ok í því er Þórgils, and in the nick of time when Th., id.: þá lét í hamrinum sem er ( as when) reið gengr, Ísl. ii. 434; næst er vér kómum, next when we came, Eg. 287; þá er vér, when we, id.
    II. conj. that (vide ‘at’ II, p. 29); þat er (is) mitt ráð er ( that) þú kallir til tals, Eg. 540; ok þat, er hann ætlar, Nj. 7: ok fansk þat á öllu, er ( that) hon þóttisk vargefin, 17; en þessi er (is) frásögn til þess, er ( that) þeir vóru Heljar-skinn kallaðir, Sturl. i. 1; ok finna honum þá sök, er (en MS.) hann hafði verit, that he had been, Fms. vii. 331; af hverju er hann megi marka, from which he may infer, Stj. 135; hvárt er (en MS.) er (is) ungr eða gamall, either that he is young or old, N. G. L. i. 349; spurði hann at, hvárt er, asked him whether, Barl. 92; mikill skaði, er slíkr maðr, that such a man, Fms. vi. 15; hlægligt mér þat þykkir, er ( that) þú þinn harm tínir, Am. 53; er þér gengsk illa, that it goes ill with thee, 53, 89; hins viltú geta, er ( that) vit Hrungnir deildum, Hbl. 15.
    2. denoting cause; er dóttir mín er hörð í skapi, for that my daughter is hard of heart, Nj. 17.
    β. er þó, although, Skálda 164.
    3. þegar er, as soon as, when, Fms. iv. 95, cp. þegar’s above: alls er þú ert, for that thou art, i. 305; síðan er, since, after that, Grág. i. 135; en siðan er Freyr hafði heygðr verít, Hkr. (pref.); but without ‘er,’ N. G. L. i. 342. In the earliest and best MSS. distinction is made between eptir er ( postquam), þegar er ( quum), meðan er ( dum), síðan er ( postquam), and on the other hand eptir ( post), þegar ( jam), meðan ( interdum), síðan (post, deinde); cp. meðan’s, síðan’s, þegar’s, above; but in most old MSS. and writers the particle is left out, often, no doubt, merely from inaccuracy in the MSS., or even in the editions, (in MSS. ‘er’ is almost always spelt  and easily overlooked): again, in mod. usage the particle ‘at, að,’ is often used as equivalent to ‘er,’ meðan að, whilst; síðan að, since that; þegar að, postquam, (vide ‘at’ V, p. 29.)
    2.
    3rd pers. pres. is, vide vera.

    Íslensk-ensk orðabók > ER

  • 108 all

    English-German idiom dictionary > all

  • 109 ἦ

    ἦ, Adv., never in the form ἦε ([etym.] ἠέ):
    I TO CONFIRM an assertion, in truth, of a surety,

    ἦ ὀλίγον οἷ παῖδα ἐοικότα γείνατο Τυδεύς Il.5.800

    , etc.; ironically, 1.229, al.; with concessive force, it is true that..: hence, although..,

    ἦ καὶ γένει ὕστερος ἦεν 3.215

    : freq. strengthd. by the addition of one or two other Particles, as

    ἦ ἄρα Od.24.193

    ;

    ἦ ἄρα δή Il.13.446

    ;

    ἦ ῥα 4.82

    ;

    ἦ ῥά νυ 6.215

    ;

    ἦ γάρ 1.78

    ;

    ἦ γάρ τοι Od.16.199

    ;

    ἦ δή Il.2.272

    ;

    ἦ δή που 21.583

    ;

    ἦ δῆτα S.OT 429

    ;

    ἦ θην Il.20.452

    ;

    ἦ κάρτα S. El. 1279

    ;

    ἦ μάλα Il.3.204

    ;

    ἦ μάλα δή 5.422

    ; ἦ μήν and ἦ μέν (v. infr.);

    ἦ νυ Il.22.11

    ;

    ἦ τάχα Od.18.73

    ;

    ἦ τε 13.211

    : and to express doubt, ἦ που, v. ἦ που and ποῦ: esp. ἦ μήν used in oaths and asseverations, Il.2.291, 7.393, A.Pr.73, 168, etc.; also

    ἦ μάν Il.2.370

    , 13.354, Sapph.Supp.23.5;

    ἦ μέν Od.10.65

     (later εἶ μήν, v. εἷ): c. inf. in orat. obliq., after Verbs of swearing, etc.,

    σὺ δὲ σύνθεο, καί μοι ὄμοσσον, ἦ μέν μοι πρόφρων ἔπεσιν καὶ χερσὶν ἀρήξειν Il.1.77

    ; ἦ μέν also in [dialect] Ion. historical Prose, Hdt.4.154, 5.93, al.;

    ἐγγυᾶσθαι, ἦ μὴν παραμενεῖν Pl. Phd. 115d

    ; ἐγγυητὰς καταστῆσαι ἦ μὴν ἐκτείσειν Lexap.D.24.39: with other Particles,

    ἦ μὲν δή Il.2.798

    , Od.18.257, al.;

    ἦ δὴ μάν Il.17.538

    .
    2 in the combinations ἐπεὶ ἦ, ὅτι ἢ and τί ἢ; A.D.Conj.255.5, Synt.307.19(cf. Hdn.Gr.1.520), recognizes an 'expletive' ἠ ([etym.] παραπληρωματικὸς σύνδεσμος) perispom. after ἐπεί, barytone after ὅτι or τί. It is prob. the same as the affirmative ἦ (cf. A.D.Conj.l.c.), and occurs in the same combinations,

    ἐπεὶ ἦ πολύ.. Il.1.169

    , al.; ἐπεὶ ἦ μάλα ib. 156, Od.10.465;

    ἐπεὶ ἦ καί.. Il.20.437

    , Od.16.442. Trypho took τίη as one word, and this can be supported by

    τί ἢ δὲ σύ.. Il.6.55

    , but A.D. (Conj.l.c.) infers from the accent of ὅτι ἢ that τί ἢ was two words. The Attic accentuation is said by Eust.45 init., 118.39, 907.14 to be τιή, ὁτιή(qq. v.).
    3 this ἦ (or ἢ) is prob. to be recognized in

    ὥς τε γὰρ ἦ Il.2.289

    ,

    ὥς τέ τευ ἦ Od.3.348

    , 19.109, where codd. have ἢ (in Od.3.348 ἠδέ (cj. Bekker) shd. perh. be read for ἠέ).
    II in Questions not involving alternatives:
    1 Direct questions,
    a epexegetic of a preceding question, suggesting the answer to it, τίπτ' εἰλήλουθας; ἦ ἵνα ὕβριν ἴδῃ Ἀγαμέμνονος; why hast thou come? is it that thou mayst see.. ? Il.1.203, cf. 5.466,7.26, Od.4.710,13.418, 17.376, B.17.5; τί δῆτα χρῄζεις; ἦ με γῆς ἔξω βαλεῖν; S.OT 622, cf. E.Or. 1425 (ἤ codd.); τίς σοι διηγεῖτο; ἦ αὐτὸς Σωκράτης; Pl.Smp. 173a (perispom., cod. B): on the accent, Hdn. Gr.2.112.
    b not epexegetic of a preceding question, ἦ σύ γ' Ὀδυσσεύς ἐσσι πολύτροπος; art thou the wily Odysseus? Od.10.330, cf. Il.11.666, 15.504; ἦ οὐκ ὀτρύνοντος ἀκούετε.. Ἕκτορος; do you not hear..? ib. 506, cf. Od.16.424; ἦ τὸ πλοῖον ἀφῖκται; Pl.Cri. 43c; ἦ οὐ δοκεῖ καὶ σοὶ οὕτω; don't you think so too? Id.Grg. 479b (perispom., cod. T); ἦ βούλει συλλογισώμεθα αὐτά; shall we work them (the consequences) out? ib. 479c (perispom., cod. T); ἦ τορῶς λέγω; A.Ag. 269; ἦ κἀν δόμοισι τυγχάνει τανῦν παρών; S.OT 757: freq. with other Particles, ἦ ἄρ.. ; Od.20.166, Il.19.56; mostly ἦ ῥα.. ; 5.421, 762, Od.4.632; also in Trag. (in lyr.), A.Pers. 633, S.Aj. 172, 955: esp. to mark the first of several questions, Pi.I.7(6).3 sqq.; ἦ ἄρα δή.. ; Il.13.446; ἦ ῥά νυ.. ; 4.93; ἦ νυ.. ; 15.128; ἦ ταῦτα δή.. ; S.Ph. 565, El. 385; ἦ ταῦτα δῆτα.. ; Id.OT 429; ἦ γάρ.. ; A.Pr. 745, 757, S.OT 1000: in [dialect] Att. Prose, ἦ γάρ; standing alone, is it not so? Pl.Tht. 160e, Grg. 449d, 468d; ἦ καί.. ; A.Ag. 1207, 1362:—ἦ usu. begins the sentence, except that the vocative may precede, as in Il.5.421, 762, Od.4.632, S.OC 863, 1102, or ἀλλά, as in A.Ag. 276, Ch. 774:—by Crasis ἦ combines with ἄρα in [dialect] Att. and the κοινή to ἆρα (q. v.), in all other dialects (cf. A.D.Conj.223.24 ) to ἦρα (q. v.), but ἆρα is found in Pi.P.4.78 ( ἄρα codd.), al., Archil.86, 89.
    2 Indirect questions,

    οἴχετο πευσόμενος μετὰ σὸν κλέος ἤ που ἔτ' εἴης Od. 13.415

     (v.l. εἰ, which alone has Ms. authority in Il.1.83, Od.19.325);

    ὄφρα καὶ Ἕκτωρ εἴσεται ἢ καὶ ἐμὸν δόρυ μαίνεται ἐν παλάμῃσιν Il.8.111

     (v.l. εἰ) ; ἀλλ' ἄγε μοι τόδε εἰπὲ.. ἢ καὶ Λαέρτῃ αὐτὴν ὁδὸν ἄγγελος ἔλθω; Od.16.138 (v.l. εἰ) ; ἀμφίστασθαι ἦ κα πεφυτεύκωντι πάντα κὰτ τὰν συνθήκαν they shall investigate whether.. Tab.Heracl.1.125;

    μαντεύσασθαί οἱ.. ἦ λώϊόν οἵ κα εἴη Isyll.34

    ;

    διαφαφίξασθαι ἦ δοκεῖ αὐτὸν στεφανῶσαι IG12(3).170.12

     ([place name] Astypalaea): accented ἤ in codd. Hom., but it shd. perh. be perispom.
    ------------------------------------
    ἦ, for ἔφη, [ per.] 3sg. [tense] impf. or [tense] aor. 2 of ἠμί (q. v.). [full] ἦ, for ἦν, [dialect] Att. [var] contr. from lon. ἔα, [tense] impf. of εἰμί (
    A sum).

    Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > ἦ

  • 110 διαθήκη

    διαθήκη, ης, ἡ (Democr., Aristoph.+; ins, pap, LXX, En, TestSol, TestAbr, Test12Patr; ParJer 6:21; ApcEsdr, ApcMos; AssMos Fgm. a; Philo, Joseph., Just.; Mel., HE 4, 26, 14) apart from the simplex θήκη ‘case, chest’, for the mng. of this word one must begin with the mid. form of the verb διατίθεμαι, which is freq. used in legal and commercial discourse of disposition of things (s. L-S-J-M s.v. διατιθημι B), w. implication of promissory obligation. Disposition of one’s personal effects would naturally come under testamentary law, hence
    ① last will and testament (so exclusively in Hellenistic times, Eger [s. 3 below] 99 note; exx. e.g. in Riggenbach 292ff; Behm 10, 1; 2; Philo, Joseph., Test12Patr; loanw. in rabb.) Hb 9:16f; δ. κεκυρωμένη a will that has been ratified Gal 3:15; cp. 17, where δ. shades into mng. 2 (s. κυρόω 1, προκυρόω); s. also EBammel, below, and JSwetnam, CBQ 27, ’65, 373–90. On Jewish perspective s. RKatzoff, An Interpretation of PYadin 19—A Jewish Gift after Death: ProcXXCongPap 562–65.
    ② As a transl. of בְּרִית in LXX δ. retains the component of legal disposition of personal goods while omitting that of the anticipated death of a testator. A Hellenistic reader would experience no confusion, for it was a foregone conclusion that gods were immortal. Hence a δ. decreed by God cannot require the death of the testator to make it operative. Nevertheless, another essential characteristic of a testament is retained, namely that it is the declaration of one person’s initiative, not the result of an agreement betw. two parties, like a compact or a contract. This is beyond doubt one of the main reasons why the LXX rendered בְּרִית by δ. In the ‘covenants’ of God, it was God alone who set the conditions; hence covenant (s. OED s.v. ‘covenant’ sb. 7) can be used to trans. δ. only when this is kept in mind. So δ. acquires a mng. in LXX which cannot be paralleled w. certainty in extra-Biblical sources, namely ‘decree’, ‘declaration of purpose’, ‘set of regulations’, etc. Our lit., which is very strongly influenced by LXX in this area, seems as a rule to have understood the word in these senses (JHughes, NovT 21, ’79, 27–96 [also Hb 9:16–20; Gal 3:15–17]). God has issued a declaration of his purpose Ro 11:27 (Is 59:21); 1 Cl 15:4 (Ps 77:37); 35:7 (Ps 49:16), which God bears in mind (cp. Ps 104:8f; 105:45 al.) Lk 1:72; it goes back to ancestral days Ac 3:25 (PsSol 9:10; ParJer 6:21). God also issued an ordinance (of circumcision) 7:8 (cp. Gen 17:10ff). Since God’s holy will was set forth on more than one occasion (Gen 6:18; 9:9ff; 15:18; 17:2ff; Ex 19:5 and oft.), one may speak of διαθῆκαι decrees, assurances (cp. διαθῆκαι πατέρων Wsd 18:22; 2 Macc 8:15.—But the pl. is also used for a single testament: Diog. L. 4, 44; 5, 16. In quoting or referring to Theophr. sometimes the sing. [Diog. L. 5, 52; 56] is used, sometimes the pl. [5, 51; 57]) Ro 9:4; Eph 2:12. Much emphasis is laid on the δ. καινή, mentioned as early as Jer 38:31, which God planned for future disposition (Hb 8:8–10; 10:16). God’s decree or covenant directed toward the Christians is a καινὴ δ. (δ. δευτέρα Orig., C. Cels. 2, 75) Lk 22:20; 1 Cor 11:25; 2 Cor 3:6; Hb 8:8; 9:15a; PtK 2 p. 15, 5, or δ. νέα Hb 12:24; PtK 2 p. 15, 6 which, as a δ. αἰώνιος (cp. Jer 39:40; En 99:2) Hb 13:20, far excels 7:22; 8:6 the παλαιὰ δ. 2 Cor 3:14, or πρώτη δ. Hb 9:15b, with which it is contrasted. Both are mentioned (Did., Gen. 46, 4; 235, 26) Gal 4:24; B 4:6ff (Ex 34:28; 31:18; Just., D. 67, 9). Blood was shed when the old covenant was proclaimed at Sinai Hb 9:20 (Ex 24:8); the same is true of the new covenant Hb 10:29. τὸ αἷμά μου τ. διαθήκης Mt 26:28; Mk 14:24 (ELohse, Märtyrer u. Gottesknecht2, ’63, 122–29) is prob. to be understood in connection w. this blood (s. WWrede, ZNW 1, 1900, 69–74; TRobinson, My Blood of the Covenant: KMarti Festschr. 1925, 232–37; for a critique of this view s. GWalther, Jesus, D. Passalamm des Neuen Bundes, ’50, 22–27 and JJeremias TLZ, ’51, 547. For Syriac background JEmerton, JTS 13, ’62, 111–17; s. also ÉDelebrecque, Études grecques sur l’vangile de Luc ’76, 109–21).—The v.l. Lk 22:29 may be derived from Jer 39:40 or Is 55:3 LXX (for the cognate acc. s. Aristoph., Aves 440).—δ. may also be transl. decree in the Ep. of Barnabas (4:6ff; 6:19; 9:6; 13:1, 6; 14:1ff δ. δοῦναί τινι); but the freq. occurrence of the idea of inheritance (6:19; 13:1, 6; 14:4f), makes it likely that the ‘decree’ is to be thought of as part of a will.
    ③ The mng. compact, contract seems firmly established for Gr-Rom. times (FNorton, A Lexicographical and Historical Study of Διαθήκη, Chicago 1908, 31ff; EBruck, D. Schenkung auf d. Todesfall im griech. u. röm. Recht I 1909, 115ff; JWackernagel, D. Kultur d. Gegenw. I 82 1907, 309). It remains doubtful whether this mng. has influenced our lit. here and there (exc. quite prob. Lk 22:29 v.l. with its administrative tenor; the phrase διατίθεμαι δ. as Aristoph., Av. 440 of a treaty agreement), but the usage of the term δ. in such sense would again serve as a bridge to LXX usage.—The expr. ἡ κιβωτὸς τ. διαθήκης covenant chest i.e. the sacred box (Eng. ‘ark’ as loanw. from Lat. arca) that symbolized God’s pledge of presence w. Israel (Ex 31:7; 39:14 al.) Hb 9:4; Rv 11:19 or αἱ πλάκες τ. διαθ. (Ex 34:28; Dt 9:9, 11) Hb 9:4 would have required some acquaintance with Israelite tradition on the part of ancient readers.—ERiggenbach, D. Begriff d. Διαθήκη im Hb: Theol. Stud. f. TZahn 1908, 289ff, Hb2 1922, 205ff al.; ACarr, Covenant or Testament?: Exp. 7th ser., 7, 1909, 347ff; JBehm, D. Begriff D. im NT 1912; ELohmeyer, Diatheke 1913; WFerguson, Legal Terms Common to the Macedonian Inscr. and the NT, 1913, 42–46 (testamentary exhibits); HKennedy, Exp. 8th ser., 10, 1915, 385ff; GVos, Hebrews, the Epistle of the Diatheke: PTR 13, 1915, 587–632; 14, 1916, 1–61; OEger, ZNW 18, 1918, 84–108; EBurton, ICC Gal 1921, 496–505; LdaFonseca, Διαθήκη foedus an testamentum?: Biblica 8, 1927; 9, 1928; EBammel, Gottes διαθήκη (Gal 3:15–17) u. d. jüd. Rechtsdenken, NTS 6, ’60, 313–19; NDow, A Select Bibliography on the Concept of Covenant, Austin Seminary Bulletin 78, 6, ’63; CRoetzel, Biblica 51, ’70, 377–90 (Ro 9:4); DMcCarthy, Berit and Covenant (Deut.), ’72, 65–85; EChristiansen, The Covenant in Judaism and Paul ’95.—DELG s.v. θήκη. M-M. TW. Sv.

    Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά παλαιοχριστιανική Λογοτεχνία > διαθήκη

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