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41 sanction
1. n1) санкция, ратификация, утверждение- grant sanction to smth.- give sanction to smth.2) одобрение, поддержка; согласие- get the sanction of smb.- have the full sanction of smb.3) часто pl санкция; юр. предусмотренная законом мера наказания- apply sanctions against smb.- levy sanctions against smb.- impose sanctions against smb.- join in sanctions against smb.•2. v1) санкционировать, ратифицировать, утверждать2) одобрять, разрешать -
42 afoul
[ə'faul] 1. нареч.; преим. амер.; брит. foul 3.(to run / fall / come / get afoul of)1) вступать в конфликт, нарушать ( закон), ссоритьсяBrodsky fell afoul of the Soviet authorities. — Бродский оказался в немилости у советских властей.
2) врезаться, сталкиваться ( о морских судах)He announced that the brig Swallow had run afoul of a merchantman. — Он объявил, что бриг "Ласточка" столкнулся с торговым судном.
2. прил.; уст.The hawser had got afoul of the paddle-wheel. — Швартовый канат попал в гребное колесо.
запутавшийся, зацепившийся ( о корабельных снастях)Our anchors were no doubt afoul of hers. — Якоря наших кораблей, должно быть, зацепились друг за друга.
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43 profit
1. n1) польза, выгода2) часто pl прибыль, доход (на вложенные средства)
- above-average profits
- aboveplan profit
- accounting profit
- accumulated profit
- actual profit
- additional profit
- adjusted profit
- advertising profit
- aftertax profit
- aggregated profits
- agricultural profit
- annual profit
- anticipated profit
- anticipatory profit
- attributable profit
- balance profit
- bare profit
- before-tax profit
- book profit
- boom profit
- bumper profit
- business profit
- calculated profit
- capital profit
- casual profit
- clear profit
- commercial profit
- company profit
- compound operating profit
- computed profit
- consolidated profit
- consolidation profit
- corporate profit
- declared profit
- distributable profit
- distributed profit
- earned profit
- effective profit
- emission profit
- estimated profit
- excess profit
- exchange profit
- exorbitant profit
- expected profit
- extra profit
- extraplan profit
- fair profit
- fictitious profit
- first-quarter pretax profit
- gray profits
- gross profit
- gross profit on sales
- growth profit
- high profit
- huge profit
- illicit profit
- imaginary profit
- incidental profit
- industrial profit
- innovational profit
- intercompany profit
- interest profit
- inventory profit
- investment profit
- lost profit
- lousy profits
- low profit
- maiden profit
- marginal profit
- market profit
- marketing profit
- maximum profit
- mercantile profit
- merchant's profit
- middlemen's profit
- missed profit
- monopoly profit
- monthly profit
- multiyear profit
- net profit
- net profit on sales
- net trading profit
- normal profit
- operating profit
- operating profit before provisions
- operating profit for the year
- operational profit
- overplan profit
- paper profit
- partnership profits
- pecuniary profit
- percentage profit
- planned profit
- ploughed-back profit
- pre-amortization profit
- pretax profit
- promoter's profit
- promotional profit
- pure profit
- realized profit
- reinvested profit
- relative profit
- reported profit
- residual profit
- retained profit
- royal profit
- short-run profit
- small profit
- speculative profit
- steady profit
- super profit
- supernormal profit
- surplus profit
- sustained profit
- target profit
- taxable profit
- taxable corporate profits
- tidy profit
- total profit
- trade profit
- trading profit
- unappropriated profit
- underwriting profit
- undistributed profit
- undistributed enterprise profits
- undivided profit
- unexpected profit
- unit profit
- unrealized profit
- windfall profit
- profit from investments
- profit on investments
- profits from trading stocks or bonds
- profit on capital invested
- profit on foreign exchange
- profit on investments
- profit on a sale
- profit per acre
- at a profit
- for the sake of profit
- profit and loss
- profit earned
- profit not allocated
- achieve a modest net profit
- allot the profit
- apportion the profit
- assess profit
- boost profits
- bring profit
- bumper profits
- collect a profit
- compute profits
- crimp profits
- depress profits
- derive a profit
- distribute profits
- double profits
- draw a profit
- earn profit
- ensure a profit
- exaggerate one's profits
- expect profit
- fix a profit
- gain a profit
- generate profits
- get a profit
- hide profits
- increase profits
- inflate profits
- leave a profit
- make a profit
- make a record profit
- obtain profit
- operate at a profit
- overstate profits
- participate in profits
- plough back profits
- pocket a profit
- post profits
- post a drop in profits
- produce a profit
- realize a profit
- reap a profit
- reduce profits
- render a profit
- repatriate profits
- return a profit
- secure a profit
- sell at a profit
- share in profits
- shelter profits from tax authorities
- show a profit
- squeeze the profit to nothing
- tax profits
- turn to profit
- understate a profit
- yield a profit2. v
- profit byEnglish-russian dctionary of contemporary Economics > profit
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44 approval
nодобрение; утверждение; согласие (на что-л.)to obtain approval from a body — получать разрешение / санкцию какого-л. органа
to put a seal of approval on smth — одобрять что-л.
to receive smb's stamp of approval — получать чье-л. разрешение / чью-л. санкцию
to seek approval — добиваться утверждения / одобрения
- approval by acclamationto win the approval of smb — добиваться чьего-л. одобрения
- approval of a treaty
- approval to do smth
- cautious approval
- complete approval
- Congressional approval
- final approval
- formal approval
- general approval
- higher approval
- nationwide approval
- official approval
- overwhelming approval
- parliamentary approval
- pending approval by Norway
- preliminary approval
- prior approval
- project approval
- public approval
- qualified approval
- subject to approval by smb
- subject to approval of smb
- tacit approval
- thundering approval from the crowd
- unanimous approval
- universal approval
- unqualified approval
- warm approval -
45 profit
1.приносить прибыль; получать выгоду•2.1) польза, выгода2) часто pl прибыль, доход (на вложенные средства)• -
46 tax
tax [tæks]1 noun∎ to levy or to collect taxes lever ou percevoir des impôts;∎ most of my income goes in tax la plus grande partie de mes revenus va aux impôts;∎ I don't pay much tax je ne paie pas beaucoup d'impôts;∎ I paid over $5,000 in tax j'ai payé plus de 5000 dollars d'impôts;∎ to be liable to tax être assujetti à l'impôt;∎ after tax net, après impôt;∎ before tax avant impôt(b) (on goods, services, imports) taxe f;∎ to levy or to put a 10 percent tax on sth frapper qch d'une taxe de 10 pour cent, imposer ou taxer qch à 10 pour cent;∎ there is a high tax on whisky le whisky est fortement taxé;∎ baby food is free of tax les aliments pour bébés sont exempts ou exonérés de taxe;∎ a tax on books/knowledge une taxe sur les livres/le savoir;∎ to be liable to tax être assujetti à l'impôt;∎ before tax hors taxe;∎ exclusive of tax hors taxe∎ it was a tax on his strength/nerves ça l'a beaucoup éprouvé (physiquement)/(psychologiquement)∎ the rich will be more heavily taxed les riches seront plus lourdement imposés ou payeront plus d'impôts;∎ luxury goods are taxed at 28 percent les articles de luxe sont taxés à 28 pour cent ou font l'objet d'une taxe de 28 pour cent;∎ we're being taxed out of existence on nous accable d'impôts∎ to tax one's car acheter la vignette (automobile)∎ to tax sb with sth accuser ou taxer qn de qch;∎ to tax sb with doing sth accuser qn d'avoir fait qch►► tax adjustment redressement m fiscal ou d'impôt;tax allowance abattement m fiscal, déduction f fiscale;tax assessment avis m d'imposition, fixation f de l'impôt;tax audit vérification f fiscale;tax authorities administration f fiscale;tax avoidance optimisation f ou évasion f fiscale, French Canadian évitement m fiscal;tax band tranche f d'imposition;tax base assiette f fiscale;tax benefit avantage m fiscal;tax bite proportion f du revenu pris par l'impôt;tax bracket tranche f d'imposition, fourchette f d'imposition;tax break réduction f d'impôt, allègement m fiscal;tax burden pression f fiscale, poids m de la fiscalité;tax ceiling plafond m fiscal, plafond m de l'impôt;tax centre centre m des impôts, CDI m;tax clearance quitus m fiscal;tax code barème m fiscal;tax collection recouvrement m d'impôts, perception f d'impôts;tax collector percepteur m d'impôt, receveur m des contributions;tax consultant conseiller(ère) m,f fiscal(e), conseil m fiscal;tax credit aide f fiscale, avoir m fiscal;tax cut baisse f ou réduction f des impôts;tax deduction prélèvement m fiscal, déduction f fiscale;tax deduction at source perception f à la source;British tax disc vignette f (automobile);American tax dollars argent m du contribuable;tax domicile foyer m ou domicile m fiscal;tax evasion fraude f fiscale, évasion f fiscale;tax exemption exonération f d'impôt, exemption f d'impôt;tax exile = personne qui réside à l'étranger pour minimiser la responsabilité fiscale;tax expert fiscaliste mf;tax form feuille f ou déclaration f d'impôts;tax fraud fraude f fiscale;tax harmonization harmonisation f fiscale;tax haven paradis m fiscal;tax holiday période f de grâce (accordée pour le paiement des impôts);tax impact incidence f fiscale;tax incentive incitation f fiscale, avantage m fiscal;tax inspection contrôle m fiscal;tax inspector inspecteur(trice) m,f des contributions directes ou des impôts;tax law droit m fiscal;tax liability (of person) assujetissement m à l'impôt; (of goods, product) exigibilité f de l'impôt;tax loophole échappatoire f fiscale;tax loss déficit m fiscal reportable;tax office centre m des impôts;tax official agent m du fisc;tax privilege privilège m fiscal;tax rate taux m d'imposition;tax rebate dégrèvement m fiscal;tax reduction abattement m fiscal;tax relief (UNCOUNT) dégrèvement m fiscal;∎ to get tax relief on sth obtenir un dégrèvement ou allégement fiscal sur qch;tax return déclaration f de revenu, feuille f d'impôt;tax revenue recettes fpl ou rentrées fpl fiscales;tax roll rôle m d'impôt ou des contributions;tax shelter avantage m fiscal;tax shield protection f fiscale;tax system régime m fiscal ou d'imposition;tax threshold minimum m imposable, seuil m d'imposition;∎ the government has raised tax thresholds in line with inflation le gouvernement a relevé les tranches de l'impôt pour tenir compte de l'inflation;tax year année f fiscale, année f d'imposition (qui commence en avril en Grande-Bretagne)
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