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81 на сколько больше
1) General subject: how much more2) Mathematics: how many more -
82 ἀμήχανος
A without means or resources, helpless, Od.19.363;πενία ἀ. B.1.61
;πόριμον αὑτῷ τῇ πόλει δ' ἀ. Ar.Ra. 1429
;ἀ. καὶ ἄτεχνος Pl.Plt. 274c
; of animals, opp. εὐμήχανος, Arist.HA 614b34: hence,2 incapable, awkward,ἀφραδέες καὶ ἀ. h.Ap. 192
, cf. Theoc.1.85;τὸν ἀ. ὀρθοῦν A.Th. 227
;ἀ. γυνή E.Hipp. 643
; ἀ. εἴς τι awkward at thing, Id.Med. 408. Adv., ἀμηχάνως ἔχειν, = ἀμηχανεῖν, A.Ch. 407, E., etc.3 c. inf., at a loss how to do, unable to do,τὸ δὲ βίᾳ πολιτῶν δρᾶν ἔφυν ἀ. S.Ant.79
; - ώτατος ὅ τι χρὴ λέγειν πορίσασθαι [D.]60.12, etc.II more freq. in pass. sense, allowing of no means:b of things, hard, impossible, τοῦτό μ' ἄνωγας ἀμήχανον ἄλλο τελέσσαι ib. 14.262;τοῦτο δ' ἀ. εὑρεῖν Pi.O.7.25
, cf. Hdt.1.48; ὁδὸς ἀ. εἰσελθεῖν road hard or impossible to enter on, X.An.1.2.21;ἀ. ἐστὶ γενέσθαι Emp.12
, cf. Hdt. 1.48, 204, S.Ant. 175, etc.: abs., ἀμήχανα impossibilities, ἀμηχάνων ἐρᾶν ib.90, cf. 92;δεινὸς.. εὑρεῖν κἀξ ἀ. πόρον A.Pr.59
, cf. Ar.Eq. 759: [comp] Sup., Them. in Ph.91.12.2 against whom or which nothing can be done, irresistible, freq. in Hom. of Zeus, Hera, Achilles; ἀ. ἐσσι, ἀ. ἔπλευ, Il.10.167, 16.29;Ἔρος.. ἀ. ὄρπετον Sapph.40
.b of things, ἀ. ἔργα mischief without help or remedy, Il.8.130; ;κήδεα Archil.66
; (lyr.); ἄλγος, νόσοι, S.El. 140 (lyr.), Ant. 363 (lyr.);συμφορά Simon.5.11
, cf. E.Med. 392; κακόν ib. 447: [comp] Comp.-ωτέρα, ἀγλαΐα Them.Or.4.51c
.c esp. of dreams, inexplicable, not to be interpreted, Od.19.560.3 extraordinary, enormous,ποταμῶν ἀ. μεγέθη Pl.Phd. 111d
;; ἀμή χανον εὐδαιμονίας an inconceivable amount of happiness, Id.Ap. 41c: freq.c.acc., ἀ. τὸ μέγεθος, τὸ κάλλος, τὸ πλῆθος, etc., i.e. inconceivable in point of size, etc., Id.R. 584b, 615a, X.Cyr.7.5.38: c. dat.,ἀ. πλήθει τε καὶ ἀτοπία Pl.Phdr. 229d
(nisi leg. ἀμηχάνων πλήθη τε καὶ ἀτοπίαι, where ἀ. = monsters): abs., infinitely great,δύναμις Plot.5.3.16
.b freq. in Pl. withοἷος, ὅσος, ἀμήχανον ὅσον χρόνον Phd 95c
; ἀμηχάνῳ ὅσῳ πλέονι by it is impossible to say how much more, R.588a;ἀμή χανόν τι οἷον Chrm.155d
. Adv.,ἀμηχάνως ὡς εὖ R.527e
;ἀ. γε ὡς σφόδρα Phdr.263d
.Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > ἀμήχανος
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83 οὖν
οὖν (Hom.+) a particle, never found at the beginning of a sentence. In our lit. it is an inferential and then mainly a transitional conjunction (so Hdt.+ [Kühner-G. II p. 326].—B-D-F §451, 1; Rob. 1191f; Mlt-Turner 337f).① inferential, denoting that what it introduces is the result of or an inference fr. what precedes, so, therefore, consequently, accordingly, then.ⓐ in declarative sentences (PTebt 37, 15 [73 B.C.] ἐγὼ οὖν … γέγραφα=‘consequently I … am writing’; difft. 4 below) Mt 1:17; 3:10 (s. also 3 below); 7:24; Lk 3:9; 11:35; J 6:13; Ac 1:21; 5:41; Ro 5:1; 6:4; 11:5; 13:10; 16:19; 1 Cor 4:16; 7:26; 2 Cor 3:12; Eph 4:1, 17; Phil 2:28; 1 Pt 2:7; 3J 8 al.; AcPlCor 2:10, 19.—ἀπόδοτε οὖν well, then, give back Mt 22:21 (here οὖν=mod. Gk. λοιπόν).ⓑ in commands and invitations, with intensive force (PTebt 33, 2 [φρόν]τισον οὖν ἵνα γένη(ται) ἀκολύθως=‘take care, then, that its (the letter’s) stipulations are followed’. Here οὖν picks up on the suggestion of the letter’s importance because of the prestige of the addressee; difft. 3 below) ποιήσατε οὖν καρπὸν ἄξιον τῆς μετανοίας Mt 3:8 (also s. 3 below); ἔσεσθε οὖν ὑμεῖς τέλειοι 5:48. μὴ οὖν φοβεῖσθε 10:31 (cp. ApcEsdr 7:2; Just., D. 9, 2). προσερχώμεθα οὖν μετὰ παρρησίας Hb 4:16. Cp. Mt 6:8, 9, 31; 9:38; Mk 10:9; 13:35; Lk 8:18; 10:2, 40; Ac 2:36; 3:19; 8:22; 23:15, 21 (also s. 4 below); Ro 6:12 (WNauck, Das οὖν-paräneticum: ZNW 49, ’58, 134f); 1 Cor 10:31; 2 Cor 7:1; Gal 5:1; Phil 2:29; Col 2:16 al. νῦν οὖν πορεύεσθε ἐν εἰρήνῃ Ac 16:36.ⓒ in questionsα. in real questions θέλεις οὖν; do you want, then? Mt 13:28. σὺ οὖν εἶ; are you, then? Lk 22:70. Cp. J 18:39. νόμον οὖν καταργοῦμεν; μὴ γένοιτο Ro 3:31; cp. Gal 3:21.—1 Cor 6:15. τί οὖν; why then? (Menand., Her. 40, Epitr. 313 S. [137 Kö.]; Dio Chrys. 2, 9; Just., D. 3, 2) Mt 17:10; cp. 19:7; J 1:25; what then? (Menand., Epitr. 226 S. [50 Kö], Peric. 744 [321 Kö.]; TestJob 38:7; Just., D. 3, 6; 67, 10) Mt 27:22; Mk 15:12; Lk 3:10; 20:15, 17; J 6:30b. τίς οὖν; (Menand., Epitr. 221 S. [45 Kö.]; TestJob 38:3; Just., D. 7, 1; Ath. 35, 1) Lk 7:42. διὰ τί οὖν οὐκ ἐπιστεύσατε; Mt 21:25; Mk 11:31 (TestJob 38:1; Just., D. 47, 2). πῶς οὖν; (Menand., Epitr. 441 S. [265 Kö.]; TestJob 19:2; Ar. 9, 9; 10, 7 al.) Mt 22:43; J 9:19; Ro 4:10; Ox 1081, 25=Otero p. 83 (SJCh 90, 2); AcPl Ha 10, 9. πότε οὖν; Lk 21:7. πόθεν οὖν; Mt 13:27, 56; J 4:11. ποῦ οὖν; (TestJob 32:2ff) Ro 3:27; Gal 4:15.β. Certain formulas are favorite expressions, esp. in Paul: τί οὖν; what, then, are we to conclude? (Dio Chrys. 14 [31], 55; 60; 17 [34], 28; Jos., Bell. 2, 364) J 1:21; Ro 3:9; 6:15; 11:7. τί οὖν ἐστιν; what, then, is to be done? Ac 21:22; 1 Cor 14:15, 26. τί οὖν ἐστιν Ἀπολλῶς; what is Apollos, really? 3:5 (s. 3 below). τί οὖν φημι; 1 Cor 10:19. τί οὖν ἐροῦμεν; what, then, are we to say? Ro 6:1; 7:7; 9:14, 30. τί οὖν ἐροῦμεν πρὸς ταῦτα; 8:31. τί οὖν ὁ νόμος; Gal 3:19.γ. in rhetorical questions πόσῳ οὖν διαφέρει ἄνθρωπος προβάτου how much more, then, is a human being worth than a sheep? Mt 12:12. πῶς οὖν σταθήσεται ἡ βασιλεία αὐτοῦ; how then will (Beelzebul’s) kingdom endure? vs. 26.—26:54; Lk 7:31; Ro 10:14 (s. also 4 below).② marker of continuation of a narrative, so, now, then (s. Rob. 1191: ‘a transitional particle relating clauses or sentences loosely together by way of confirmation’)ⓐ οὖν serves to resume a subject once more after an interruption: so, as has been said ἔλεγεν οὖν τοῖς ἐκπορευομένοις Lk 3:7 (connecting w. vs. 3). Cp. 19:12; J 4:6, 9, 28; Ac 8:25; 12:5; cp. 25:4 (s. 4 below).—Cp. 1 Cor 8:4 (reaching back to vs. 1); 11:20.ⓑ οὖν serves to indicate a transition to someth. new. So esp. in the Gospel of John (Rob. 1191: ‘John boldly uses οὖν alone and needs no apology for doing so. It just carries along the narrative with no necessary thought of cause or result’.) now, then, well J 1:22; 2:18, 20; 3:25; 4:33, 46, 48; 5:10, 19; 6:60, 67; 7:25, 28, 33, 35, 40; 8:13, 21, 22, 25 (καὶ ἔλεγον P66), 31, 57; 9:7f, 10, 16; 20:30 (s. also 3 below); and oft.; Ac 25:1; 26:9 (also s. 3 below) al. Prob. also J 9:18 οὐκ ἐπίστευσαν οὖν οἱ Ἰουδαίοι Well, the Judeans refused to believe (s. 4 below). Cp. 1 Cor 3:5 (s. also 3 below).ⓒ οὖν serves to indicate a response (HDana and JMantey, Manual Grammar of the Gk. NT 1927, p. 254) where the transl. in reply, in turn (Ex 8:6) is prob. J 4:9, 48; 6:53 al. In Ac 28:5 (s. also 4 below) Paul’s action is a response in narrative terms to the perception of the islanders: ὁ μὲν οὖν ἀποτινάξας τὸ θήριον he, in turn, shook off the creature.ⓓ Frequently used w. other particles in continuation of discourse or narrative: ἄρα οὖν s. ἄρα 2b. ἐὰν οὖν Mt 5:19, 23; 24:26; J 6:62; 2 Ti 2:21; Js 4:4; Rv 3:3b; 2 Cl 3:3. ἐάν τε οὖν Ro 14:8. εἰ οὖν s. εἰ 6k. εἰ μὲν οὖν s. εἰ 6g. εἴτε οὖν … εἴτε 1 Cor 10:31; 15:11. ἐπεὶ οὖν s. ἐπεί 2. μὲν οὖν … δέ (Jos., Ant. 13, 76f; Just., D. 43, 7) Mk 16:19f; Lk 3:18f; J 19:24f; Ac 8:4f; 11:19f; 1 Cor 9:25.—Also without δέ denoting contrast (TestJob 40:14; Jos., Ant. 19, 337; Just., A I, 8, 3; Tat. 15, 1) Ac 1:6, 18; 2:41; 5:41; 8:25 al. νῦν οὖν (TestJob 23:7; ApcMos 11:30) Ac 10:33b; 23:15; also 15:10 (s. νῦν 2a).—ὅταν οὖν (Just., D. 138, 2; Ath. 7, 1; 13, 1; 32, 1 al.) Mt 6:2; 21:40; 24:15. ὅτε οὖν J 2:22; 4:45; 6:24; 13:12, 31; 19:6, 8, 30; 21:15. τότε οὖν (ApcEsdr 3:14; Just., D. 56, 19) 11:14; 19:1, 16; 20:8. ὡς οὖν (Jos., Ant. 6, 145, Vi. 292; Just., D. 43, 1; 49, 7) 4:1, 40; 11:6; 18:6; 20:11; 21:9; AcPlCor 1:6. ὥσπερ οὖν Mt 13:40.—οὐκ οὖν s. οὐκοῦν.③ It has been proposed that some traces of older Gk. usage in which οὖν is emphatic, = certainly, really, to be sure etc. (s. L-S-J-M s.v. 1) remain in the pap (e.g. PLond I, 28, 4, p. 43 [c. 162 B.C.]; PTebt 33, 2 [on this s. 1b above]) and in the NT (so M-M., s.v. 3 and Dana and Mantey, op. cit. p. 255f) Mt 3:8 (s. also 1b above), 10; J 20:30 (s. also 2b above); indeed, of course Ac 26:9 (s. also 2b above); 1 Cor 3:5 (s. also 1cβ above) al. On the other hand, as indicated by the cross references, there is little semantic justification for making a separate classification. (On this s. esp. Rob. 1191–92.)④ It has also been proposed that οὖν may be used adversatively (M-M., s.v. 4: ‘slightly adversative sense’, and w. ref. to PTebt 37, 15 [73 B.C.]; cp. 1b above; so also Dana and Mantey, op. cit. p. 256f) in some NT pass., e.g. J 9:18 (s. 2b above); Ac 23:21; 25:4; 28:5; Ro 10:14 (s. 1cγ above) in the sense but, however—JMantey, Newly Discovered Mngs. for οὖν: Exp., 8th ser., 22, 1921, 205–14. But s. Rob. 1191–92; B-D-F §451, 1.—Denniston 415–30.—DELG. M-M. -
84 अथ _atha
अथ (Ved. अथा) ind. [अर्थ्-ड, पृषोद˚ रलोपः Tv.] A particle used at the beginning (of works) mostly as a sign of auspiciousness, and translated by 'here', 'now' (begins) (मङ्गल, आरम्भ, अधिकार) (Properly speaking 'auspiciousness' or मङ्गल is not the sense of अथ, but the very utterance or hearing of the word is considered to be indicative of auspiciousness, as the word is supposed to have em- anated from the throat of Brahmā ओंकारश्चाथशब्दश्च द्वावेतौ ब्रह्मणः पुरा । कण्ठं भित्त्वा विनिर्यातौ तेन माङ्गलिकावुभौ ॥ and therefore we find in Śāṅkara Bhāṣya अर्थान्तरप्रयुक्तः अथशब्दः श्रुत्या मङ्गलमारचयति); अथ निर्वचनम्; अथ योगानुशासनम्; अथेदं प्रारभ्यते द्वितीयं तन्त्रम् Pt.2. (usually followed by इति at the end, इति प्रथमो$ङ्कः here ends &c.).-2 Then, afterwards (आनन्तर्य) अथ प्रजानामधिपः प्रभाते R.2.1; often as a correlative of यदि or चेत्; न चेन्मुनिकुमारो$यं अथ को$स्य व्यपदेशः Ś.7; मुहूर्तादुपरि उपाध्याय- श्चेदागच्छेत् अथ त्वं छन्दो$धीष्व P.III.3.9. Sk.-3 If, supposing, now if, in case, but if (पक्षान्तर); अथ कौतुक- मावेदयामि K.144, अथ तु वेत्सि शुचि व्रतमात्मनः पतिकुले तव दास्यमपि क्षमम् ॥ Ś.5.27; अथ मरणमवश्यमेव जन्तोः किमिति मुधा मलिनं यशः कुरुध्वे Ve.3.6. अथ गृह्णाति Ś.7; Ku.5.45; Mu.3.25; Ki.1.44; अथ चास्तमिता त्वमात्मना R.8.51 while, but, on the other hand; oft followed by ततः or तथापि, Bg.2.26;12.9,11; अथ चेत् but if Bg.2. 33;18.58.-4 And, so also, likewise (समुच्चय); गणितमथ कलां वैशिकीम् Mk.1. मातृष्वसा मातुलानि श्वश्रूरथ पितृष्वसा । संपूज्या गुरुपत्नीवत् समास्ता गुरुभार्यया ॥ Ms.2.1.31; भीमो$थार्जुनः G.M.-5 Used in asking or introducing questions (प्रश्न) oft. with the interrogative word itself; अथ सा तत्रभवती किमाख्यम्य राजर्षेः पत्नी Ś.7; अर्थवान् खलु मे राजशब्दः । अथ भगवाँल्लोकानुग्रहाय कुशली काश्यपः Ś.5; अथ शक्नोषि भोक्तुम् G. M.; अथात्रभवति कथमित्थंभूता M.5; अथ केन प्रयुक्तो$यं पापं चरति पूरुषः । Bg.3.36; अथ भवन्तमन्तरेण कीदृशो$स्या दृष्टिरागः Ś.2; अथ माडव्यं प्रति किमेवं प्रयुक्तम् Ś.6 (अथ may in these two sentences mean 'but').-6 Totality, enti- rety (कार्त्स्न्य); अथ धर्मं व्याख्यास्यामः G. M. we shall explain the whole धर्म (धर्म in all its details.) Śi;7.75.-7 Doubt, uncertainty (संशय, विकल्प); शब्दो नित्यो $थानित्यः G. M. The senses of अथ usually given by lexicographers are:-अथो$थ स्यातां समुच्चये । मङ्गले संशयारम्भा- धिकारानन्तरेषु च । अन्वादेशे प्रतिज्ञायां प्रश्नसाकल्ययोरपि ॥ Some of these senses are indentical with those in (1), while some are not in general use.-Comp. -अतः -अनन्तरम् now, therefore; अथा$तो धर्मजिज्ञासा Ms.1.1.1.-अपि moreover, and again &c. (= अथ in most cases); ˚च likewise, also.-किम् what else, yes, exactly so, quite so, certainly; सर्वथा अप्सरःसंभवैषा । अथ किम् Ś.1; अपि वृषलमनुरक्ताः प्रकृतयः अथ किम् Mu.1.-किमु how much more, so much more.-तु but, on the contrary. अथ तु वेत्सि शुचि व्रतमात्मनः । Ś.5.27.-वा 1 or (used like the English disjunctive conjunction 'or' and occupying the same place); व्यवहारं परिज्ञाय वध्यः पूज्यो$थवा भवेत् H.1.55; समस्तैरथवा पृथक् Ms.7.198; अथवा-अथवा either-or; वाथ is often used in the same sense with वा; कार्तिके वाथ चैत्रे वा Pt.3.38; साम्ना दानेन भेदेन समस्तैरथवा पृथक् । विजेतुं प्रयतेतारीन्न युद्धेन कदाचन ॥ Ms.7.182; अथापि वा also used in the same sense; एतदेव व्रतं कुर्यु- श्चान्द्रायणमथापि वा 11.117;8.287.-2 or rather, or why, or perhaps, is it not so (correcting or modifying a previous statement); why should there be any thought or hesitation about it, or it is no wonder; अपि नाम कुलपतेरियमसवर्णक्षेत्रसंभवा स्यात् । अथवा कृतं सन्देहेन Ś.1.,1.16; गमिष्याम्युपहास्यताम्...अथवा कृतवाग्द्वारे वंशे$स्मिन् R.1.3-4; अथवा मृदु वस्तु हिंसितुम् R.8.45.; दीर्ये किं न सहस्रधाहमथवा रामेण किं दुष्करम् U.6.4; अधोधो गङ्गेयं पदमुपगता स्तोकमथवा । विवेकभ्रष्टानां भवति विनिपातः शतमुखः Bh.2.1. -
85 अथकिमु
átha-kimuind. how much more;
so much the more
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86 McNaught, William
SUBJECT AREA: Steam and internal combustion engines[br]b. 27 May 1813 Sneddon, Paisley, Scotlandd. 8 January 1881 Manchester, England[br]Scottish patentee of a very successful form of compounding beam engine with a high-pressure cylinder between the fulcrum of the beam and the connecting rod.[br]Although born in Paisley, McNaught was educated in Glasgow where his parents had moved in 1820. He followed in his father's footsteps and became an engineer through an apprenticeship with Robert Napier at the Vulcan Works, Washington Street, Glasgow. He also attended science classes at the Andersonian University in the evenings and showed such competence that at the age of 19 he was offered the position of being in charge of the Fort-Gloster Mills on the Hoogly river in India. He remained there for four years until 1836, when he returned to Scotland because the climate was affecting his health.His father had added the revolving cylinder to the steam engine indicator, and this greatly simplified and extended its use. In 1838 William joined him in the business of manufacturing these indicators at Robertson Street, Glasgow. While advising textile manufacturers on the use of the indicator, he realized the need for more powerful, smoother-running and economical steam engines. He provided the answer by placing a high-pressure cylinder midway between the fulcrum of the beam and the connecting rod on an ordinary beam engine. The original cylinder was retained to act as the low-pressure cylinder of what became a compound engine. This layout not only reduced the pressures on the bearing surfaces and gave a smoother-running engine, which was one of McNaught's aims, but he probably did not anticipate just how much more economical his engines would be; they often gave a saving of fuel up to 40 per cent. This was because the steam pipe connecting the two cylinders acted as a receiver, something lacking in the Woolf compound, which enabled the steam to be expanded properly in both cylinders. McNaught took out his patent in 1845, and in 1849 he had to move to Manchester because his orders in Lancashire were so numerous and the scope was much greater there than in Glasgow. He took out further patents for equalizing the stress on the working parts, but none was as important as his original one, which was claimed to have been one of the greatest improvements since the steam engine left the hands of James Watt. He was one of the original promoters of the Boiler Insurance and Steam Power Company and was elected Chairman in 1865, a position he retained until a short time before his death.[br]Bibliography1845, British patent no. 11,001 (compounding beam engine).Further ReadingObituary, Engineer 51.Obituary, Engineering 31.R.L.Hills, 1989, Power from Steam. A History of the Stationary Steam Engine, Cambridge University Press (the fullest account of McNaught's proposals for compounding).RLH -
87 еще
1. as ago asеще; уже — as ago as
2. as far back as3. as long as4. further5. as early as6. as long ago as7. yet; still; another; more; else; already; possibly; probably; somewhat8. else9. more10. stillСинонимический ряд:снова (проч.) вновь; еще раз; опять; опять-таки; снова; сызноваАнтонимический ряд: -
88 cuanto y más
• all the more so• even more so• how much more so -
89 فكيف بـ..
فَكَيْفَ بِـ..(just imagine) how much more (or less)..!; with greater reason, with all the more reason, the more so, a fortiori -
90 и еще
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91 дело тёмное
shady business; it's all a mystery- Нет, война человека портит, потому после неё у нас стало больше воровства всякого, нечестности всякой. Это к слову сказать. А вообще-то, конечно, дело тёмное. (Эм. Казакевич, При свете дня) — 'Yes, war spoils people, because just look how much more thieving there's been after the war, and all sorts of dishonesty. That's how I look at it, but maybe I'm wrong; it's all a mystery...'
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92 ποσαχῶς
D0-0-0-0-2=2 Sir 10,31(bis)in how many ways, how much more -
93 חביב I
חָבִיבI m. (חָבַב) beloved, dear, precious; favored, privileged. Ab. II, 10 יהי … ח׳ עליךוכ׳ let thy neighbors honor be as dear to thee as thine own. ib. III, 14 ח׳ אדםוכ׳ man is privileged (favored of God) in that he was created ; a. v. fr.Pl. חֲבִיבִים, חֲבִיבִין. Ber.5b ח׳ עליך וסורין are sufferings dear to thee (as divine trials)?Yoma 52a ח׳ ישראלוכ׳ Israel is favored, for the Lord made them independent of a mediator; a. v. fr.Fem. חֲבִיבָה. Tosef.Ber.VII, 24; Ber.63a; Y. ib. IX end, 14d ח׳ תורהוכ׳ the Law is appreciated. Pes.68b כמה ח׳ מצוה בשעתה how much more preferable is a religious act when done betimes; a. e.Pl. חֲבִיבוֹת. Sot.13a כמה ח׳ … עלוכ׳ how dear were religious acts to Moses. -
94 חָבִיב
חָבִיבI m. (חָבַב) beloved, dear, precious; favored, privileged. Ab. II, 10 יהי … ח׳ עליךוכ׳ let thy neighbors honor be as dear to thee as thine own. ib. III, 14 ח׳ אדםוכ׳ man is privileged (favored of God) in that he was created ; a. v. fr.Pl. חֲבִיבִים, חֲבִיבִין. Ber.5b ח׳ עליך וסורין are sufferings dear to thee (as divine trials)?Yoma 52a ח׳ ישראלוכ׳ Israel is favored, for the Lord made them independent of a mediator; a. v. fr.Fem. חֲבִיבָה. Tosef.Ber.VII, 24; Ber.63a; Y. ib. IX end, 14d ח׳ תורהוכ׳ the Law is appreciated. Pes.68b כמה ח׳ מצוה בשעתה how much more preferable is a religious act when done betimes; a. e.Pl. חֲבִיבוֹת. Sot.13a כמה ח׳ … עלוכ׳ how dear were religious acts to Moses. -
95 שלם II
שָׁלֵםII m. (b. h.; preced.) whole, complete. Naz. 44 לאביו בזמן שהוא ש׳וכ׳ ‘for his father (Lev. 21:2) as long as his body is intact (he may defile himself by contact), but not when it is defective. B. Kam.I, 4, a. fr. נזק ש׳ (abbrev. נ״ש), v. נֵזֶק. Gen. R. s. 79 (ref. to Gen. 33:18) ש׳ בגופו intact in his body; ש׳ בבניו intact in his children; ש׳ בממונו unimpaired in his possessions; ש׳ בתלמודו whole in his learning (having forgotten nothing of his paternal lessons). Sifra Vayikra, Ndabah, Par. 13, ch. XVI (play on שְׁלָמִים) מי שהוא ש׳ מביא שלמים היה אונןוכ׳ Ar. (ed. שָׁלוֹם) if he is whole (mourns over no loss), he may bring a peace-offering, if he is a mourner, he dare not. Ib. כל קרבן … היה ש׳ מביאוכ׳ whatever sacrifice he may offer, if he is whole, he may Nidd.V, 3 כחתן ש׳, v. חָתָן; a. fr.B. Kam. 116b נותן לו שכרו מִשָּׁ׳ he must pay him the full (promised) reward, opp. אין לו אלא שכרו he can claim only the ordinary wages for his labor.Pl. שְׁלֵמִים, שְׁלֵמִין, שְׁלֵי׳. Sifra l. c. Ber.39b פתיתין וש׳ broken pieces of bread and whole loaves. Sabb.98b ש׳ solid boards, opp. דנִיסְרָא; a. fr.Fem. שְׁלֵמָה, שְׁלֵי׳. Zeb.5a משנה ש׳ a perfect (undisputed) Mishnah. Ber. l. c. פרוסה של חיטין וש׳וכ׳ if there is before you a piece of wheat bread, and a whole loaf of barley bread. Ib. מניח … בתוך הש׳ he places the broken with the whole loaf. Ib. וש׳ משנתך (Ms. M. ושלום) and what thou teachest is perfect. Tosef. ib. IV, 15. Men.65b ולא תהא תורה ש׳ שלניוכ׳ should not our perfect Torah pass for as much as your idle talk?; a. fr.Y.Pes.II, 29b bot. מצה שלמה, v. שְׁלֹמֹה.Pl. שְׁלֵמוֹת, שְׁלֵי׳. Treat. Smaḥoth ch. VIII, end (ref. to Deut. 27:6) ומה אבנים … יהיו ש׳ לפני בני תורה … יהיו שלימים לפניהקב״הוכ׳ of stones (for the altar) which do not see …, because they make peace between Israel and their father in heaven, the Lord says, they must be whole before me, how much more must scholars, I who are an atonement for the world, be whole before the Lord!; a. e. -
96 שָׁלֵם
שָׁלֵםII m. (b. h.; preced.) whole, complete. Naz. 44 לאביו בזמן שהוא ש׳וכ׳ ‘for his father (Lev. 21:2) as long as his body is intact (he may defile himself by contact), but not when it is defective. B. Kam.I, 4, a. fr. נזק ש׳ (abbrev. נ״ש), v. נֵזֶק. Gen. R. s. 79 (ref. to Gen. 33:18) ש׳ בגופו intact in his body; ש׳ בבניו intact in his children; ש׳ בממונו unimpaired in his possessions; ש׳ בתלמודו whole in his learning (having forgotten nothing of his paternal lessons). Sifra Vayikra, Ndabah, Par. 13, ch. XVI (play on שְׁלָמִים) מי שהוא ש׳ מביא שלמים היה אונןוכ׳ Ar. (ed. שָׁלוֹם) if he is whole (mourns over no loss), he may bring a peace-offering, if he is a mourner, he dare not. Ib. כל קרבן … היה ש׳ מביאוכ׳ whatever sacrifice he may offer, if he is whole, he may Nidd.V, 3 כחתן ש׳, v. חָתָן; a. fr.B. Kam. 116b נותן לו שכרו מִשָּׁ׳ he must pay him the full (promised) reward, opp. אין לו אלא שכרו he can claim only the ordinary wages for his labor.Pl. שְׁלֵמִים, שְׁלֵמִין, שְׁלֵי׳. Sifra l. c. Ber.39b פתיתין וש׳ broken pieces of bread and whole loaves. Sabb.98b ש׳ solid boards, opp. דנִיסְרָא; a. fr.Fem. שְׁלֵמָה, שְׁלֵי׳. Zeb.5a משנה ש׳ a perfect (undisputed) Mishnah. Ber. l. c. פרוסה של חיטין וש׳וכ׳ if there is before you a piece of wheat bread, and a whole loaf of barley bread. Ib. מניח … בתוך הש׳ he places the broken with the whole loaf. Ib. וש׳ משנתך (Ms. M. ושלום) and what thou teachest is perfect. Tosef. ib. IV, 15. Men.65b ולא תהא תורה ש׳ שלניוכ׳ should not our perfect Torah pass for as much as your idle talk?; a. fr.Y.Pes.II, 29b bot. מצה שלמה, v. שְׁלֹמֹה.Pl. שְׁלֵמוֹת, שְׁלֵי׳. Treat. Smaḥoth ch. VIII, end (ref. to Deut. 27:6) ומה אבנים … יהיו ש׳ לפני בני תורה … יהיו שלימים לפניהקב״הוכ׳ of stones (for the altar) which do not see …, because they make peace between Israel and their father in heaven, the Lord says, they must be whole before me, how much more must scholars, I who are an atonement for the world, be whole before the Lord!; a. e. -
97 पुनर्
púnar
with dā, to give back, restore;
with bhū, to turn round;
with as andﾠ dat., to fall back upon);
again, once more ( alsoﾠ with bhūyas) ib. (with bhū, to exist again, be renewed, become a wife again, re= marry);
again andﾠ again, repeatedly ib. (mostly púnaḥp- which with na = nevermore);
further, moreover, besides ib. ( alsoﾠ punaraparam;
ādau-punar-paṡcāt, at first-then-later);
however, still, nevertheless MBh. Kāv. etc. (at the end of a verse it lays stress on a preceding athavā, apivā, orﾠ vā alone;
punarapi, even again, on the other hand, alsoﾠ;
kadāp-, at any time, ever;
kimp-, how much more orﾠ less? however;
pñpreceding-p-, now-now;
at one time - at another time)
- पुनरपगम
- पुनरभिधान
- पुनरभिषेक
- पुनरभ्याकारम्
- पुनरभ्याघारम्
- पुनरभ्यावर्तम्
- पुनरभ्युन्नीत
- पुनरर्थिन्
- पुनरसु
- पुनरागत
- पुनरागम
- पुनरागमन
- पुनरागामिन्
- पुनराग्रन्थम्
- पुनराजाति
- पुनरादायम्
- पुनरादि
- पुनराधान
- पुनराधेय
- पुनराधेयक
- पुनराधेयिक
- पुनरानयन
- पुनराभाव
- पुनराम्नान
- पुनरायन
- पुनरालम्भ
- पुनरावर्त
- पुनरावर्तक
- पुनरावर्तन
- पुनरावर्तिन्
- पुनरावृत्त
- पुनरावृत्ति
- पुनरासृत
- पुनराहार
- पुनरुक्त
- पुनरुक्ताय
- पुनरुक्ति
- पुनरुक्तीकृ
- पुनरुत्थान
- पुनरुत्पत्ति
- पुनरुत्पादन
- पुनरुत्सृष्ट
- पुनरुत्स्यूत
- पुनरुपगमन
- पुनरुपनयन
- पुनरुपलब्धि
- पुनरुपसदन
- पुनरुपाकरण
- पुनरुपागम
- पुनरुपोढा
- पुनर्गमन
- पुनर्गर्भवती
- पुनर्गव
- पुनर्गेय
- पुनर्ग्रहण
- पुनर्जन्मन्
- पुनर्जात
- पुनर्जीवातु
- पुनर्डीन
- पुनर्णव
- पुनर्त्त
- पुनर्दर्शन
- पुनर्दातृ
- पुनर्दाय
- पुनर्दारक्रिया
- पुनर्दीयमान
- पुनर्द्यूत
- पुनर्धेनु
- पुनर्नव
- पुनर्निग्रन्थम्
- पुनर्नितुन्न
- पुनर्निनृत्त
- पुनर्निवर्तम्
- पुनर्निष्कृत
- पुनर्बन्धयोग
- पुनर्बाल
- पुनर्भक्ष्य
- पुनर्भव
- पुनर्भविन्
- पुनर्भर्या
- पुनर्भाव
- पुनर्भाविन्
- पुनर्भू
- पुनर्भोग
- पुनर्मघ
- पुनर्मन्य
- पुनर्मार
- पुनर्मृत
- पुनर्मृत्यु
- पुनर्यज्ञ
- पुनर्यात्रा
- पुनर्यामन्
- पुनर्युद्ध
- पुनर्युवन्
- पुनर्लाभ
- पुनर्लेखन
- पुनर्वक्तव्य
- पुनर्वचन
- पुनर्वण्य
- पुनर्वत्
- पुनर्वत्स
- पुनर्वरण
- पुनर्वसु
- पुनर्वाद
- पुनर्विरोह
- पुनर्विवाह
- पुनर्हन्
- पुनर्हविस्
-
98 प्राञ्च्
prāñc
nom. prā́ṅ, prā́cī, prā́k;
cf. Pāṇ. 6-1, 182)
directed furwards orﾠ towards, being in front, facing, opposite RV. VS. AV. Mn. ;
(acc. with kṛi, to bring, procure, offer RV. ;
to stretch forth < the fingers> ib. ;
to make straight, prepare orﾠ clear < a path> ib. ;
alsoﾠ with pra- tir, orﾠ - ni
to advance, promote, further ib. ;
with Caus. of kḷī, to face, turn opposite to Mn. VII, 189);
turned eastward, eastern, easterly (opp. to ápāc, western) RV. etc. etc.;
being to the east of (abl.) Mn. II, 21 ;
running from west to east, taken lengthwise KātyṠr. ;
(with viṡvataḥ) turned to all directions RV. ;
inclined, willing ib. ;
lasting, long (as life) AV. ;
(esp. ibc.;
cf. below) previous, prior, former;
( prañcas), m. pl. the people of the east, eastern people orﾠ grammarians Pāṇ. I, 1, 75 etc.. ;
(prā́cī) f. (with orﾠ scil. diṡ) the east ṠBr. MBh. etc.;
the post to which an elephant is tied L. ;
(prā́k;
prāṅ Lāṭy. KātyṠr.) ind. before (in place orﾠ in order orﾠ time;
as prep. with abl. <cf. Pāṇ. 2-1, 11 12 >, rarely with gen.;
alsoﾠ in comp. with its subst. Pāṇ. ib.) ṠrS. Up. MBh. etc.;
in the east, to the east of (abl.) RV. Lāṭy. ;
before the eyes Hit. I, 76 ;
at first, formerly, previously, already Mn. MBh. etc.;
(with eva), a short while ago, recently, just Ṡak. ;
still more so, how much more (= kim-uta) Buddh. ;
above, in the former part (of a book) Mn. Pāṇ. ;
first, in the first place, above all Kathās. MārkP. ;
from now, henceforth Var. ;
up to, as far as (with abl.;
esp. in gram., e.g.. prākkaḍārāt, up to the word kaḍāra Pāṇ. 2-1, 3);
between (= avâ̱ntare) L. ;
early in the morning L. ;
w.r. for drāk MBh. ;
(prācā́) ind. forwards, onwards RV. ;
eastwards ib. ;
( prācás) ind. from the front ib.
-
99 структура
лат. structura1) (Взаиморасположение и связь составных частей чего-либо; строение.)Структура - это та степень, в пределах которой цели, процедуры реализации и оценивания обучающей программы могут быть адаптированы в соответствии с определенными целями, планами реализации и методами оценивания программы обучения конкретного студента. — Structure is the extent to which the objectives, implementation procedures and evaluation procedures of the teaching program can be adapted to meet the specific objectives, implementation plans and evaluation methods of a particular student's learning program.
вводить дополнительные структуры (дополнительно структурировать) для потребительского спроса — impose more structure on consumer demand
Таким образом, при сравнении с результатами этого раздела представленные в главе III результаты скажут нам, сколько дополнительных структур для потребительского спроса вводит основанный на предпочтениях подход сверх того, что следует только из структуры слабой аксиомы. — Thus, the results presented in Chapter III, when compared with those in this section, will tell us how much more structure is imposed on consumer demand by the preference-based approach beyond what is implied by the weak axiom structure alone.
2) (система, инструментарий, аппарат)•- применять структуру - структура актива - полная структура актива - структура выбора - структура заработной платы - точная структура затрат - структуры информации - структура капитала предприятия - структура конкуренции - структура маркетинга - структура маркетинговых связей - структура ожидаемой полезности - тарифная структура персонала - структура распределения - функциональная структура -
100 ἐκεῖνος
ἐκεῖνος, η, ο demonstr. pron. (Hom.+) pert. to an entity mentioned or understood and viewed as relatively remote in the discourse setting, that person, that thing, that (‘that over there’; opp. οὗτος ‘this’)ⓐ abs.α. denoting contrast to another entity Lk 18:14 (Just., A I, 43, 2, D. 85, 1). τοῦτο ἢ ἐκεῖνο this or that Js 4:15. ἡμῖν … ἐκείνοις Mt 13:11; Mk 4:11; cp. 2 Cor 8:14. ἐκεῖνον … ἐμέ J 3:30. ἐκεῖνοι … ἡμεῖς 1 Cor 9:25; Hb 12:25; 1J 4:17. ἄλλοι … ἐκεῖνος J 9:9. Opp. a certain pers.: Jesus Mk 16:19f; the Judeans J 2:20f et al.β. referring back to and resuming a word immediately preceding, oft. weakened to he, she, it (X., An. 4, 3, 20; Just., D. 1, 3 al.) Mk 16:10f. Esp. oft. so in J: 5:37; 8:44; 10:6; 11:29; 12:48; 13:6 v.l.; 14:21, 26; 16:14 al. Hence 19:35 perh. the eyewitness (just mentioned) is meant, who then, to be sure, would be vouching for his own credibility and love of the truth (s. aγ).—Interchanging w. αὐτός (cp. Thu. 1, 32, 5; X., Cyr. 4, 5, 20; Lysias 14, 28; Kühner-G. I 649) ἐζωγρημένοι ὑπʼ αὐτοῦ εἰς τὸ ἐκείνου θέλημα under the spell of his will 2 Ti 2:26. ἐκεῖνος for ἀυτός Lk 9:34 v.l.; 23:12 v.l. Used to produce greater emphasis: ἐκεῖνον λαβών take that one Mt 17:27; cp. J 5:43. τῇ ἐκείνου χάριτι by his grace Tit 3:7. Sim. after a participial subj. (X., Cyr. 6, 2, 33 ὁ γὰρ λόγχην ἀκονῶν, ἐκεῖνος καὶ τὴν ψυχήν τι παρακονᾷ=the one who sharpens his spear, he is the one who sharpens his inner self) τὸ ἐκπορευόμενον ἐκεῖνο κοινοῖ Mk 7:20. ὁ πέμψας ἐκεῖνος J 1:33; cp 5:37 v.l. (for αὐτός) ὁ ποιήσας με ὑγιῆ ἐκεῖνος 5:11. ὁ λαλῶν ἐκεῖνός ἐστιν 9:37. ὁ εἰσερχόμενος ἐκεῖνος κλέπτης ἐστίν 10:1. τῷ λογιζομένῳ … ἐκείνῳ κοινόν Ro 14:14 al.γ. w. ref. to well-known or notorious personalities (Just., A I, 4 ὡς ἐκεῖνος [Πλάτων] ἔφη; Kühner-G. I 650; Arrian, Periplus 1, 1 ὁ Ξενοφῶν ἐκεῖνος) Jesus (cp. Mel., P. 80, 593 σὺ ἐχόρευες, ἐκεῖνος δὲ ἐθάπτετο): J 7:11; 9:12, 28; 1J 2:6; 3:3, 5, 7, 16; 4:17. The ἐ. J 19:35 appears to refer to ὁ ἑωρακώς, the eyewitness mentioned at the beginning of the vs. (Some scholars refer to the Johannine writer [cp. Jos., Bell. 3, 7, 16–202], who allegedly seeks to corroborate another’s statement, and support has been offered in the use of ἐ. in indirect discourse in which speakers refer to themselves as ἐ. [Isaeus 8, 22a; Polyb. 3, 44, 10; 12, 16, 5] on the ground that the narrator of the 4th Gospel could no more use the I-form than could the speaker in indirect discourse. But contexts of the passages cited contain some indication of the referent. Some refer to Jesus [Erasmus, Zahn; ESchwartz, NGG 1907, 361; Lagrange; others cited RBrown, comm. ad loc.—Acc. to Iambl., Vi. Pyth. 35, 255, as well as Aristoxenus, Fgm. 33 p. 17, 3 οἱ Πυθαγόρειοι παρʼ ἐκείνου μαθόντες, the Pythagoreans called their master after his death simply ἐκεῖνος]. Yet how much more clearly this idea might have been conveyed in J by simply using ὁ κύριος!). S. FBlass, StKr 75, 1902, 128–33.—W. an unfavorable connotation (Themistocles, Ep. 16 p. 755, 14; 27; Lucian, Pereg. 13 of Jesus; Julian, Letter 60 p. 379a of the Christians; Just., D. 67, 2 of Jews by Hellenes) of the Jews B 2:9; 3:6; 4:6; 8:7 al.δ. w. relative foll. (cp. Just., D. 128, 4 ἀναλυόμενοι εἰς ἐκεῖνο ἐξ οὗπερ γεγόνασιν): ἐκεῖνός ἐστιν ᾧ ἐγὼ βάψω J 13:26. ἐκεῖνον … ὑπὲρ οὗ Ro 14:15. ἐκείνης ἀφʼ ἧς Hb 11:15. W. ὅτι foll. (Ael. Aristid. 39 p. 747 D.; Just., A I, 19, 5) Mt 24:43.ⓑ used w. nounsα. to differentiate pers. or things already named, fr. others: τῇ οἰκίᾳ ἐκείνῃ that (particular) house Mt 7:25; cp. vs. 27. τῇ πόλει ἐκείνῃ that city (just mentioned) 10:15; 18:32; Mk 3:24f; Lk 6:48f; J 18:15; Ac 1:19; 3:23 (Dt 18:19); 8:8; 14:21; 16:3 and oft. (cp. Just., D. 4, 2 αὐτοῦ ἐκείνου τοῦ βασιλικοῦ νοῦ μέρος ‘a portion of that same governing mind’).β. of timeא. of the past, when the time cannot (or is not to) be given w. exactness: ἐν τ. ἡμέραις ἐκείναις in those days (Ex 2:11; Judg 18:1; 1 Km 28:1; Jdth 1:5; PsSol 17:44; 18:6; AscIs 3, 20; 23; 27) Mt 3:1, cp. 24:38; Mk 1:9; 8:1; Lk 2:1. Of a definite period (1 Macc 1:11; 9:24; 11:20) Lk 4:2; 9:36.ב. of the future (ἐκείνη ἡ ἡμέρα; Plut., Gai. Marc. 231 [35, 6]; Epict. 3, 17, 4; Ael. Aristid. 19, 8 K.=41 p. 765 D.) Mt 24:22ab, 29; ἐν ἐκ. τ. ἡμέραις 24:19; Ac 2:18 (Jo 3:2); Rv 9:6. Also in sg. ἐν ἐκείνῃ τ. ἡμέρᾳ (Jdth 11:15) Lk 17:31; J 16:23, 26; AcPlCor 2:32; esp. of God’s climactic judgment day Mt 7:22; Lk 6:23; 10:12; 2 Th 1:10; 2 Ti 1:12, 18; cp. Rv 16:14 v.l. ὁ αἰὼν ἐ. (opp. αἰὼν οὗτος) the age to come Lk 20:35 (s. αἰών 2b).ג. of a period ascertainable fr. the context Mt 13:1; Mk 4:35; J 1:39 (Jos., Ant. 7, 134 μεῖναι τὴν ἡμέραν ἐκείνην) al. ἀπʼ ἐκείνης τ. ἡμέρας (Jos., Bell. 4, 318, Ant. 7, 382; Mel. HE 4, 26, 3 ἐν ἐκείναις ταῖς ἡμέραις) Mt 22:46. κατὰ τὸν καιρὸν ἐ. at that time Ac 19:23. κατʼ ἐ. τὸν καιρόν (Jos., Ant. 1, 171 al.; Just., A I, 26, 3 al.: κατʼ ἐκεῖνο τοῦ καιροῦ, D. 103, 3 ἐκείνου τοῦ καιροῦ) 12:1. ἐν ἐ. τῇ ὥρᾳ Rv 11:13.ⓒ For ἐκείνης, the adverbial gen. of ἐκεῖνος, s. the preceding entry.—IndogF 19, 1906, 83ff. S. κἀκεῖνος. M-M.
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