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1 HE, HIM
(personal 3rd sg. pronoun): As a pronominal suffix, the entire 3rd person singular “he, she, it” is expressed by the ending -s, e.g. caris *“(s)he/it does” (VT49:16, 48). Sometimes a verb with no pronominal ending whatsoever implies a subject “he, she, it”, e.g. nornë “he ran” (PE17:58), fírië “she has breathed forth” (MR:250), tinë “it glints” (TIN). A distinctly masculine ending -ro does occur in early material (antaváro “he will give”, LR:63), but was apparently abandoned by Tolkien. The ending -s may also appear in the “rare” longer form -së (VT49:51, descended from older -sse, VT49:20), perhaps distinctly personal (cf. násë “he [or she] is” vs. nás “it is”, VT49:27, 30). The ending -s is also attested in object position, e.g. melinyes “I love him” (VT49:21; this could also mean *”I love her” or *”I love it”). “He/she” (or even “it”, when some living thing is concerned) does have a distinct form when it appears as an independent pronoun: se (VT49:37), also with a long vowel (sé, VT49:51) when stressed. (Contrast the use of sa for “it” with reference to non-living things.) The independent form may also appear in object position: melin sé, “I love him [/her]” (VT49:21). Case endings may be added, e.g. allative sena or senna “at him [/her]”, “to him/her” (VT49:14, 45-46); se also appears suffixed to a preposition in the word ósë *”with him/her” (VT43:29). A distinct pronoun hé can be used for “he/she” = “the other”, as in a sentence like “I love him (sé) but not him (hé).” Genitive HIS/HER (or ITS, of a living thing) would normally appear as the ending -rya, e.g. coarya “his house” (WJ:369), máryat “her hands” (Nam), the latter with a dual ending following -rya. “His/her” as an independent word could be *senya (compare ninya “my” vs. ni “I”, nin “for me”). – Reflexive pronoun, see HIMSELF. –VT49:16, 51, VT43:29, VT49:15, LotR:1008
См. также в других словарях:
house — {{Roman}}I.{{/Roman}} noun 1 building that is made for one family to live in ADJECTIVE ▪ beautiful, comfortable, elegant, fancy (esp. AmE), fine, grand, handsome, lovely, luxurious … Collocations dictionary
house — ► NOUN 1) a building for human habitation. 2) a building in which animals live or in which things are kept: a reptile house. 3) a building devoted to a particular activity: a house of prayer. 4) a firm or institution: a fashion house. 5) a… … English terms dictionary
house-hunt — houseˈ hunt intransitive verb To look for a house to live in • • • Main Entry: ↑house * * * v. [intrans.] seek a house to buy or rent and live in Derivatives: house hunter n. house hunting n … Useful english dictionary
house-train — verb train (a pet) to live cleanly in a house • Syn: ↑housebreak • Hypernyms: ↑train, ↑develop, ↑prepare, ↑educate • Verb Frames: Somebody s something … Useful english dictionary
house|wive — «HOWS WYV», intransitive verb, transitive verb, wived, wiv|ing. to housewife … Useful english dictionary
house-sit — house ,sit verb intransitive to live in someone s house in order to take care of it while they are away ╾ house ,sitter noun count … Usage of the words and phrases in modern English
house-hunt — verb [usu. as noun house hunting] seek a house to buy or rent. Derivatives house hunter noun … English new terms dictionary
house´-sit´ter — house sit «HOWS SIHT», intransitive verb. Especially U.S. to live in and take care of a house while the regular occupants are away. –house´ sit´ter, noun … Useful english dictionary
house-sit — verb live in and look after a house while its owner is away. Derivatives house sitter noun … English new terms dictionary
house-train — ► VERB chiefly Brit. ▪ train (a pet) to excrete outside the house … English terms dictionary
house|keep — «HOWS KEEP», intransitive verb, kept, keep|ing. to manage a home and its affairs; keep house: »She housekeeps in London for a visiting American playwright (Manchester Guardian Weekly). ╂[back formation < housekeeper] … Useful english dictionary
