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1 government
['gʌvnmənt] 1. n 2. cpd* * *1) (the people who rule a country or state: the British Government.) rząd2) (the way in which a country or state is ruled: Democracy is one form of government.) ustrój3) (the act or process of governing.) rządzenie•- governor
- governorship -
2 self-government
(government by the people of the country without outside control.) samorząd, autonomia -
3 disability payment
noun (an amount of money regularly paid by the government to disabled people.) zasiłek chorobowy, renta inwalidzka -
4 housing benefit
noun (a payment given by a government to people who are entitled to it according to certain criteria (eg poverty) when they buy or rent a house, an apartment etc.) dodatek mieszkaniowy -
5 income-tax return
noun (an official form that has to be completed with information about one's income and expenses and sent to a government department.) deklaracja podatkowa -
6 political science
noun (a field of study dealing with politics, government and other political institutions.) nauki polityczne, politologia -
7 stringency
1) (the quality of being strict.) surowość2) (scarcity of money for lending etc: in times of stringency; ( also adjective) The government are demanding stringency measures.) deficyt, ograniczenia -
8 rule
[ruːl] 1. n( norm) reguła f; ( regulation) przepis m; ( government) rządy pl, panowanie nt2. vtrządzić +instr3. vito rule (over sb/sth) — rządzić (kimś/czymś)
to rule in favour of/against/on — wydawać (wydać perf) orzeczenie na korzyść +gen /na niekorzyść +gen /w sprawie +gen
to rule that … — orzekać (orzec perf), że …
as a rule of thumb, … — można przyjąć, że …
Phrasal Verbs:- rule out* * *[ru:l] 1. noun1) (government: under foreign rule.) panowanie2) (a regulation or order: school rules.) przepis3) (what usually happens or is done; a general principle: He is an exception to the rule that fat people are usually happy.) reguła4) (a general standard that guides one's actions: I make it a rule never to be late for appointments.) zasada5) (a marked strip of wood, metal etc for measuring: He measured the windows with a rule.) miara, przymiar2. verb1) (to govern: The king ruled (the people) wisely.) rządzić2) (to decide officially: The judge ruled that the witness should be heard.) zawyrokować3) (to draw (a straight line): He ruled a line across the page.) narysować (linię)•- ruled- ruler
- ruling 3. noun(an official decision: The judge gave his ruling.) orzeczenie- rule off
- rule out -
9 bureaucracy
[bjuə'rɔkrəsɪ]n* * *[bju'rokrəsi]1) (a system of government by officials working for a government.) biurokracja2) (a country having such a government which uses such officials.) biurokracja• -
10 office
['ɔfɪs]n(room, workplace) biuro nt; ( position) urząd mdoctor's office (US) — gabinet lekarski
to take office — government obejmować (objąć perf) władzę; minister obejmować (objąć perf) urząd
Office of Fair Trading ( BRIT) — departament rządu kontrolujący uczciwość handlu i reklamy
* * *['ofis]1) (the room or building in which the business of a firm is done: The firm's head offices are in New York; ( also adjective) office furniture.) biuro2) (the room in which a particular person works: the bank manager's office.) biuro, pokój3) (a room or building used for a particular purpose: Train tickets are bought at the ticket-office.) biuro, kasa4) (a position of authority, especially in or as a government: Our party has not been in office for years; the office of mayor.) urząd•- officer -
11 stock
[stɔk] 1. n( supply) zapas m; ( COMM) zapas m towaru; ( AGR) (żywy) inwentarz m; ( CULIN) wywar m; (descent, origin) ród m; ( FIN) papiery pl wartościowe; ( RAIL) (also: rolling stock) tabor m (kolejowy)2. adjreply, excuse szablonowy3. vtto take stock of ( fig) — oceniać (ocenić perf) +acc
Phrasal Verbs:- stock up* * *[stok] 1. noun1) ((often in plural) a store of goods in a shop, warehouse etc: Buy while stocks last!; The tools you require are in / out of stock (= available / not available).) zapas2) (a supply of something: We bought a large stock of food for the camping trip.) zapas3) (farm animals: He would like to purchase more (live) stock.) żywy inwentarz4) ((often in plural) money lent to the government or to a business company at a fixed interest: government stock; He has $20,000 in stocks and shares.) kredyt5) (liquid obtained by boiling meat, bones etc and used for making soup etc.) bulion6) (the handle of a whip, rifle etc.) trzonek, kolba2. adjective(common; usual: stock sizes of shoes.) typowy3. verb1) (to keep a supply of for sale: Does this shop stock writing-paper?) prowadzić, mieć na składzie2) (to supply (a shop, farm etc) with goods, animals etc: He cannot afford to stock his farm.) zaopatrywać•- stockist- stocks
- stockbroker
- stock exchange
- stock market
- stockpile 4. verb(to accumulate (a supply of this sort).) gromadzić- stock-taking
- stock up
- take stock -
12 post
[pəust] 1. n ( BRIT)poczta f; ( pole) słup m, pal m; ( job) stanowisko nt; ( MIL) posterunek m; (also: trading post) faktoria f; (also: goalpost) słupek m2. vt ( BRIT)to post sb to — oddelegowywać (oddelegować perf) kogoś do +gen
Phrasal Verbs:- post up* * *I [pəust] noun(a long piece of wood, metal etc, usually fixed upright in the ground: The notice was nailed to a post; a gate-post; the winning-post.) słup- keep somebody posted
- keep posted II 1. [pəust] noun((the system of collecting, transporting and delivering) letters, parcels etc: I sent the book by post; Has the post arrived yet?; Is there any post for me?) poczta2. verb(to send (a letter etc) by post: He posted the parcel yesterday.) nadawać- postage- postal
- postage stamp
- postal order
- postbox
- postcard
- postcode
- post-free
- post-haste
- posthaste
- postman
- postmark
- postmaster
- post office III 1. [pəust] noun1) (a job: He has a post in the government; a teaching post.) posada2) (a place of duty: The soldier remained at his post.) posterunek3) (a settlement, camp etc especially in a distant or unpopulated area: a trading-post.) placówka2. verb(to send somewhere on duty: He was posted abroad.) skierować do pracy, wysłać na placówkęIV [pəust] -
13 ambassador
[æm'bæsədə(r)]n* * *feminine - ambassadress; noun(the government minister appointed to act for his government in another country: the British Ambassador to Italy.) ambasador -
14 anarchy
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15 fall
[fɔːl] 1. n(of person, object, government) upadek m; (in price, temperature) spadek m; ( of snow) opady pl; (US) ( autumn) jesień f- falls2. vi, pt fell, pp fallenperson, object, government upadać (upaść perf); snow, rain padać, spadać (spaść perf); price, temperature, dollar spadać (spaść perf); night, darkness, silence zapadać (zapaść perf); light, shadow padać (paść perf); sadness zapanowywać (zapanować perf)to fall flat — nie udawać się (nie udać się perf), nie wychodzić (nie wyjść perf)
to fall in love (with sb/sth) — zakochiwać się (zakochać się perf) (w kimś/czymś)
to fall short of sb's expectations — nie spełniać (nie spełnić perf) czyichś oczekiwań
Phrasal Verbs:- fall for- fall in- fall off- fall out* * *[fo:l] 1. past tense - fell; verb1) (to go down from a higher level usually unintentionally: The apple fell from the tree; Her eye fell on an old book.) padać2) ((often with over) to go down to the ground etc from an upright position, usually by accident: She fell (over).) przewracać się3) (to become lower or less: The temperature is falling.) opadać, zmniejszać się4) (to happen or occur: Easter falls early this year.) zdarzać się, przypadać5) (to enter a certain state or condition: She fell asleep; They fell in love.) zapaść, pogrążyć się6) ((formal: only with it as subject) to come as one's duty etc: It falls to me to take care of the children.) przypadać2. noun1) (the act of falling: He had a fall.) upadek2) ((a quantity of) something that has fallen: a fall of snow.) opad3) (capture or (political) defeat: the fall of Rome.) upadek4) ((American) the autumn: Leaves change colour in the fall.) jesień•- falls- fallout
- his
- her face fell
- fall away
- fall back
- fall back on
- fall behind
- fall down
- fall flat
- fall for
- fall in with
- fall off
- fall on/upon
- fall out
- fall short
- fall through -
16 lobby
['lɔbɪ] 1. n( of building) westybul m, hall m; ( POL) lobby nt inv2. vtMP etc wywierać nacisk na +acc* * *['lobi] 1. plural - lobbies; noun1) (a (small) entrance-hall: a hotel lobby.) hall, westybul2) (a group of people who try to influence the Government etc in a certain way or for a certain purpose.) grupa nacisku, lobby2. verb(to try to influence (the Government etc).) naciskać na -
17 machinery
[mə'ʃiːnərɪ]n( equipment) maszyny pl; ( fig) ( of government etc) mechanizm m (funkcjonowania +gen)* * *1) (machines in general: Many products are made by machinery rather than by hand.) urządzenia mechaniczne2) (the workings or processes: the machinery of government.) mechanizm -
18 pass
[pɑːs] 1. vttime spędzać (spędzić perf); salt, glass etc podawać (podać perf); place, person mijać (minąć perf); car wyprzedzać (wyprzedzić perf); exam zdawać (zdać perf); law uchwalać (uchwalić perf); proposal przyjmować (przyjąć perf); ( fig) limit, mark przekraczać (przekroczyć perf)Phrasal Verbs:- pass by- pass for- pass on- pass out- pass up2. viperson przechodzić (przejść perf); ( in exam etc) zdawać (zdać perf); time mijać (minąć perf); vehicle przejeżdżać (przejechać perf)3. n( permit) przepustka f; ( in mountains) przełęcz f; (SPORT) podanie ntto get a pass in ( SCOL) — otrzymywać (otrzymać perf) zaliczenie z +gen
to make a pass at sb ( inf) — przystawiać się do kogoś (inf)
* * *1. verb1) (to move towards and then beyond (something, by going past, through, by, over etc): I pass the shops on my way to work; The procession passed along the corridor.) przechodzić2) (to move, give etc from one person, state etc to another: They passed the photographs around; The tradition is passed (on/down) from father to son.) przekazywać, podawać3) (to go or be beyond: This passes my understanding.) przechodzić, być ponad4) ((of vehicles etc on a road) to overtake: The sports car passed me at a dangerous bend in the road.) wyprzedzać5) (to spend (time): They passed several weeks in the country.) spędzać6) ((of an official group, government etc) to accept or approve: The government has passed a resolution.) uchwalić7) (to give or announce (a judgement or sentence): The magistrate passed judgement on the prisoner.) wydać wyrok8) (to end or go away: His sickness soon passed.) minąć, przejść9) (to (judge to) be successful in (an examination etc): I passed my driving test.) zdać2. noun1) (a narrow path between mountains: a mountain pass.) przełęcz2) (a ticket or card allowing a person to do something, eg to travel free or to get in to a building: You must show your pass before entering.) przepustka3) (a successful result in an examination, especially when below a distinction, honours etc: There were ten passes and no fails.) zdanie egzaminu, pozytywna ocena4) ((in ball games) a throw, kick, hit etc of the ball from one player to another: The centre-forward made a pass towards the goal.) podanie•- passable- passing
- passer-by
- password
- in passing
- let something pass
- let pass
- pass as/for
- pass away
- pass the buck
- pass by
- pass off
- pass something or someone off as
- pass off as
- pass on
- pass out
- pass over
- pass up -
19 republic
[rɪ'pʌblɪk]n* * *((a country with) a form of government in which there is no king or queen, the power of government, law-making etc being given to one or more elected representatives (eg a president, members of a parliament etc): The United States is a republic - the United Kingdom is not.) republika -
20 republican
[rɪ'pʌblɪkən] 1. adj 2. nrepublikanin(-anka) m(f); (US, POL)Republican — Republikanin(-anka) m(f)
* * *1) (of a republic: a republican form of government.) republikański2) (( also noun) (a person) who supports a republican form of government: He is not a monarchist - he is a republican; my republican friends.) republikanin
См. также в других словарях:
government — noun 1 people in control of a country ADJECTIVE ▪ central, federal, local, national, provincial, regional, state ▪ Conservative, Democratic … Collocations dictionary
government — gov‧ern‧ment [ˈgʌvmənt, ˈgʌvnmənt ǁ ˈgʌvərn ] also Government noun [countable] the group of people responsible for running a country or state and making decisions about taxes, laws, public services etc: • The Government is planning further cuts … Financial and business terms
government — ► NOUN 1) (treated as sing. or pl. ) the governing body of a state. 2) the system by which a state or community is governed. 3) the action or manner of governing a state, organization, or people. DERIVATIVES governmental adjective … English terms dictionary
government — gov·ern·ment / gə vər mənt, vərn / n 1: the act or process of governing; specif: authoritative direction or control 2: the office, authority, or function of governing 3: the continuous exercise of authority over and the performance of functions… … Law dictionary
government-in-exile — noun a temporary government moved to or formed in a foreign land by exiles who hope to rule when their country is liberated • Hypernyms: ↑government, ↑authorities, ↑regime * * * | ̷ ̷( ̷ ̷) ̷ ̷ ̷ ̷ˈ ̷ ̷ˌ ̷ ̷ noun (plural governments in exile) : a … Useful english dictionary
government — noun 1 also Government (C) the group of people who govern a country or state: The new military government does not have popular support. (also + plural verb): The Government are planning further cuts in public spending. | government… … Longman dictionary of contemporary English
government paper — noun : evidences of debt (as bonds or notes) issued by a government borrowings on government paper were as large as on commercial bills and notes H.G.Moulton * * * government paper noun Savings bonds and other such certificates issued by the… … Useful english dictionary
government borrowing — ➔ borrowing * * * government borrowing UK US noun [C or U] GOVERNMENT, ECONOMICS ► money that the government borrows to spend on public services: »The government wants to pay for the tax cuts, new defence spending, and reforms of the health… … Financial and business terms
government expenditure — ➔ expenditure * * * government expenditure UK US noun [U] (also public expenditure) GOVERNMENT, ECONOMICS ► the amount a government spends in a particular period: »Government expenditures helped to preserve large areas of natural land. »massive… … Financial and business terms
government watchdog — UK US noun [C] GOVERNMENT ► UK a government organization that makes certain that companies in a particular industry are obeying the law: »The energy company is likely to be prosecuted after an investigation being carried out by the government… … Financial and business terms
government man — noun a special law enforcement agent of the Federal Bureau of Investigation • Syn: ↑G man, ↑FBI agent • Hypernyms: ↑government agent * * * noun 1. : a government official; especially … Useful english dictionary