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61 Nature
To Newtonians, each question had its singular answer, one that would remain the same no matter who asked it, or why. But now, the uncertainty that undercuts every measurement of some fact in the real world compels the observer to choose which question to ask, which aspect of a phenomenon to study.The necessity of choice became overwhelmingly apparent when Heisenberg elevated uncertainty to a principle in quantum mechanics in 1927, having recognized that on the subatomic level the observer had to emphasize only one of a pair of properties to study at any one time. In one of the prominent interpretations of quantum mechanics, the idea took on a larger meaning: that in choosing what to study, the scientist in effect creates the object of his inquiry.... The impossibility of constructing a complete, accurate quantitative description of a complex system forces observers to pick which aspects of the system they most wish to understand....What one studies from among this wealth of choice depends on what one wants to know; the questions create-or at least determine-the range of possible answers. No such answer can be completely "true": instead of saying "This is what nature is like," they can claim only, "This is what nature seems like from here"-a vastly diminished claim from that of Newton. The critical issue raised by such subjectivity is how to decide what value each partial answer has, what connection it actually makes between the real world and our understanding of it. The object of study, the focus of much of modern science, has therefore shifted inward, to examine not nature itself but rather to study the abstract representations of nature, the choices made of what to leave in and what to drop out of any given study. (Levenson, 1995, pp. 228-229)Historical dictionary of quotations in cognitive science > Nature
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62 nature reserve
природный заповедник
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[ http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]EN
nature reserve
Areas allocated to preserve and protect certain animals and plants, or both. They differ from national park, which are largely a place for public recreation, because they are provided exclusively to protect species for their own sake. Endangered species are increasingly being kept in nature reserves to prevent them from extinction, particularly in India, Indonesia and some African countries. Natural reserves were used once to preserve the animals that landowners hunted, but, in the 19th century, they became places where animals were kept to prevent them from dying out. Special refuges and sanctuaries are also often designated to protect certain species or groups of wild animals or plants, especially if their numbers and distribution have been significantly reduced. They also serve as a place for more plentiful species to rest, breed or winter. Many parts of the world also have marine and aquatic reserves to protect different species of sea or freshwater plant and animal life. (Source: WRIGHT)
[http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]Тематики
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Англо-русский словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > nature reserve
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63 from the nature of the case
от характера дела наречие:Англо-русский синонимический словарь > from the nature of the case
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64 nature of risks
природа рисков
Природа рисков, которые, вероятно, будут выявлены, следующая:
• временные риски: работа не осуществляется, согласно плана;
• финансовые риски: прогнозируемый бюджет превышен;
• ресурсные риски: недостаток персонала или материалов;
• риски взаимодействия: межфункциональные проблемы или недостатки;
• риски, связанные с внешними факторами: негативное влияние внешних организаций или явлений.
[Департамент лингвистических услуг Оргкомитета «Сочи 2014». Глоссарий терминов]EN
nature of risks
Nature of risks most likely to be identified will include:
• timing risks: the work is not progressing as planned
• cost risks: the forecast budget is exceeded
• resource risks: personnel or material are insufficient
• interface risks: problems or deficiencies with interfunctional links
• external factor risks: negative impacts from external entities or phenomena.
[Департамент лингвистических услуг Оргкомитета «Сочи 2014». Глоссарий терминов]Тематики
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Англо-русский словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > nature of risks
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65 from the nature of the case
Большой англо-русский и русско-английский словарь > from the nature of the case
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66 from the nature of things
Большой англо-русский и русско-английский словарь > from the nature of things
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67 from the nature of
1) Общая лексика: по роду (чего-л.)2) Макаров: по роду, по характеру -
68 from the nature of the case
неизбежноАнгло-русский большой универсальный переводческий словарь > from the nature of the case
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69 from the nature of things
неизбежноАнгло-русский большой универсальный переводческий словарь > from the nature of things
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70 from its nature
• luonnostaan -
71 from the nature of the case
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72 from the nature of things
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73 from the nature of the case
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74 second nature
habit is second nature — привычка — вторая натура
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75 true to nature
1. точно такой; как в натуре2. реалистический; как живойСинонимический ряд:realistic (adj.) authentic; exact; faithful; genuine; graphic; imitative; lifelike; realistic; vivid -
76 tragic nature
true to nature — точно такой; как в натуре
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77 rights of nature
закон природы
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[ http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]EN
rights of nature
A rule or body of rules that derives from nature and is believed to be binding upon human society, as opposed to human-made laws such as legislative acts and judicial decisions. (Source: WOR / INP)
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Англо-русский словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > rights of nature
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78 hold the mirror up to nature
правдиво отражать жизнь (об актёрской игре; в соврем. англ. языке тж. hold the mirror up to smth. правдиво изображать, отражать что-л.) [шекспировское выражение; см. цитату]Hamlet: "...suit the action to the word, the word to the action, with this special observance, that you o'erstep not the modesty of nature; for anything so overdone is from the purpose of playing, whose end, both at the first and now, was and is, to hold, as't were, the mirror up to nature; to show virtue her own feature, scorn her own image, and the very age and body of the time, his form and pressure." (W. Shakespeare, ‘Hamlet’, act III, sc. 2) — Гамлет: "...сообразуйте действие с речью, речь с действием; причем особенно наблюдайте, чтобы не переступать простоты природы; ибо все, что так преувеличено, противно назначению лицедейства, чья цель, как прежде, так и теперь, была и есть - держать как бы зеркало перед природой: являть добродетели ее же черты, спеси - ее же облик, а всякому веку и сословию - его подобие и отпечаток." (перевод М. Лозинского)
In Washington he settled down long enough to write ‘Main Street’, and from its reception discovered that at thirty-five he held up to America what it took, or angrily refused to take, as a mirror to its nature. (C. Van Doren, ‘The American Novel’, Kenk) — В Вашингтоне Синклер Льюис прожил достаточно долгий срок, чтобы создать свой роман "Главная улица". По тому, как публика отнеслась к этому роману, он понял, что ему в тридцать пять лет удалось дать Америке то, что одни с восторгом приняли как зеркало американской жизни, другие же с негодованием отвергли.
In Sinclair Lewis, it was a mirror held up to a whole society. (R. E. Spiller, ‘Litetary History of the United States’, Kenk) — Синклер Льюис в своих произведениях, как в зеркале, отразил жизнь всего американского общества.
Large English-Russian phrasebook > hold the mirror up to nature
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79 by the nature of the case
по характеру случае наречие:Англо-русский синонимический словарь > by the nature of the case
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80 by the nature of things
по природе вещей наречие:Англо-русский синонимический словарь > by the nature of things
См. также в других словарях:
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