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21 department
1) структурное подразделение, административный орган (министерство, департамент, управление, отдел)2) секция (в торговом предприятии)3) функциональный отдел (напр. кадров, финансов)4) факультет (университета) -
22 department
n1) отдел; отделение; подразделение; служба2) департамент; управление; амер. министерство, ведомство
- accounting department
- accounts department
- administrative department
- advice department
- advertising department
- analysis department
- appeals department
- audit department
- auditing department
- auxiliary department
- bank department
- bank trust department
- bespoke department
- billing department
- bond department
- bookkeeping department
- branch department
- business department
- cash department
- certification department
- claims department
- collection department
- common service department
- contract department
- cost department
- coupons paying department
- custody department
- delivery department
- deposit department
- design department
- development department
- discount department
- distribution department
- drafting department
- employees' department
- employment department
- engineering department
- examining department
- examination department
- exchange department
- executive department
- export department
- field service department
- filing department
- finance department
- finance-and-accounts department
- finance-and-economy department
- foreign exchange department
- forwarding department
- functional department
- general accounting department
- general bookkeeping department
- general service department
- goods department
- government department
- indirect department
- information department
- inquiry department
- inspection department
- internal audit department
- inventory department
- labour and wages department
- law department
- leased department
- legal department
- lost and found department
- maintenance department
- manufacturing department
- manufacturing engineering department
- marketing department
- marking department
- materials department
- merchandise development department
- methods and procedures department
- new business department
- nonproductive departments
- operating department
- operational department
- order department
- organization department
- outpatients' department
- packing department
- patent department
- payroll department
- personnel department
- planning department
- preproduction department
- pricing department
- process department
- processing department
- procurement department
- production department
- production control department
- production scheduling and control department
- promotion department
- protocol department
- publication department
- publicity department
- purchasing department
- quality control department
- receiving department
- record department
- requisitioning department
- Revenue Department
- sales department
- sales order department
- savings department
- scheduling department
- securities department
- selling department
- service department
- shipping department
- shop-training department
- staff department
- staff training department
- standards department
- State Department
- statistics department
- stock department
- storage department
- stores department
- subcontractors department
- supply department
- technical department
- thrift department
- traffic department
- training department
- transport department
- transportation department
- trust department
- visa department
- wages department
- work study department
- Department of Agriculture
- Department of Commerce
- Department of Economic Affairs
- Department of Health, Education and Welfare
- Department of Industry
- Department of Justice
- Department of Labor
- Department of Overseas Trade
- Department of State
- Department of the Interior
- Department of the Navy
- Department of the Treasury
- Department of Transportation
- establish a department
- make up a department
- reequip a departmentEnglish-russian dctionary of contemporary Economics > department
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23 Foreign policy
The guiding principle of Portuguese foreign policy since the founding of the monarchy in the 12th century has been the maintenance of Portugal's status first as an independent kingdom and, later, as a sovereign nation-state. For the first 800 years of its existence, Portuguese foreign policy and diplomacy sought to maintain the independence of the Portuguese monarchy, especially in relationship to the larger and more powerful Spanish monarchy. During this period, the Anglo- Portuguese Alliance, which began with a treaty of commerce and friendship signed between the kings of Portugal and England in 1386 (the Treaty of Windsor) and continued with the Methuen Treaty in 1703, sought to use England ( Great Britain after 1707) as a counterweight to its landward neighbor, Spain.As three invasions of Portugal by Napoleon's armies during the first decade of the 19th century proved, however, Spain was not the only threat to Portugal's independence and security. Portugal's ally, Britain, provided a counterweight also to a threatening France on more than one occasion between 1790 and 1830. During the 19th century, Portugal's foreign policy became largely subordinate to that of her oldest ally, Britain, and standard Portuguese histories describe Portugal's situation as that of a "protectorate" of Britain. In two key aspects during this time of international weakness and internal turmoil, Portugal's foreign policy was under great pressure from her ally, world power Britain: responses to European conflicts and to the situation of Portugal's scattered, largely impoverished overseas empire. Portugal's efforts to retain massive, resource-rich Brazil in her empire failed by 1822, when Brazil declared its independence. Britain's policy of favoring greater trade and commerce opportunities in an autonomous Brazil was at odds with Portugal's desperate efforts to hold Brazil.Following the loss of Brazil and a renewed interest in empire in tropical Africa, Portugal sought to regain a more independent initiative in her foreign policy and, especially after 1875, overseas imperial questions dominated foreign policy concerns. From this juncture, through the first Republic (1910-26) and during the Estado Novo, a primary purpose of Portuguese foreign policy was to maintain Portuguese India, Macau, and its colonies in Africa: Angola, Mozambique, and Guinea- Bissau. Under the direction of the dictator, Antônio de Oliveira Salazar, further efforts were made to reclaim a measure of independence of foreign policy, despite the tradition of British dominance. Salazar recognized the importance of an Atlantic orientation of the country's foreign policy. As Herbert Pell, U.S. Ambassador to Portugal (1937-41), observed in a June 1939 report to the U.S. Department of State, Portugal's leaders understood that Portugal must side with "that nation which dominates the Atlantic."During the 1930s, greater efforts were made in Lisbon in economic, financial, and foreign policy initiatives to assert a greater measure of flexibility in her dependence on ally Britain. German economic interests made inroads in an economy whose infrastructure in transportation, communication, and commerce had long been dominated by British commerce and investors. Portugal's foreign policy during World War II was challenged as both Allied and Axis powers tested the viability of Portugal's official policy of neutrality, qualified by a customary bow to the Anglo-Portuguese Alliance. Antônio de Oliveira Salazar, who served as minister of foreign affairs, as well as prime minister, during 1936-45, sought to sell his version of neutrality to both sides in the war and to do so in a way that would benefit Portugal's still weak economy and finance. Portugal's status as a neutral was keenly tested in several cases, including Portugal's agreeing to lease military bases to Britain and the United States in the Azores Islands and in the wolfram (tungsten ore) question. Portugal's foreign policy experienced severe pressures from the Allies in both cases, and Salazar made it clear to his British and American counterparts that Portugal sought to claim the right to make independent choices in policy, despite Portugal's military and economic weakness. In tense diplomatic negotiations with the Allies over Portugal's wolfram exports to Germany as of 1944, Salazar grew disheartened and briefly considered resigning over the wolfram question. Foreign policy pressure on this question diminished quickly on 6 June 1944, as Salazar decreed that wolfram mining, sales, and exports to both sides would cease for the remainder of the war. After the United States joined the Allies in the war and pursued an Atlantic strategy, Portugal discovered that her relationship with the dominant ally in the emerging United Nations was changing and that the U.S. would replace Britain as the key Atlantic ally during succeeding decades. Beginning in 1943-44, and continuing to 1949, when Portugal became, with the United States, a founding member of North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO), Luso-American relations assumed center stage in her foreign policy.During the Cold War, Portuguese foreign policy was aligned with that of the United States and its allies in Western Europe. After the Revolution of 25 April 1974, the focus of Portuguese foreign policy shifted away from defending and maintaining the African colonies toward integration with Europe. Since Portugal became a member of the European Economic Community in 1986, and this evolved into the European Union (EU), all Portuguese governments have sought to align Portugal's foreign policy with that of the EU in general and to be more independent of the United States. Since 1986, Portugal's bilateral commercial and diplomatic relations with Britain, France, and Spain have strengthened, especially those with Spain, which are more open and mutually beneficial than at any other time in history.Within the EU, Portugal has sought to play a role in the promotion of democracy and human rights, while maintaining its security ties to NATO. Currently, a Portuguese politician, José Manuel Durão Barroso, is president of the Commission of the EU, and Portugal has held the six-month rotating presidency of the EU three times, in 1992, 2000, and 2007. -
24 department
[dɪ'pɑːtmənt]n1) ві́дділок; відді́лення; цех; се́кціяadministrative department — ві́дділ адміністрати́вного управлі́ння; адміністрати́вне управлі́ння
accounting department — бухгалте́рія
bank department — ві́дділ ба́нку
factory department — промисло́ве управлі́ння
foreign exchange department — валю́тний ві́дділ
labour and wages department — ві́дділ пра́ці і зарпла́ти
lost and found department — бюро́ зна́хідок
manufacturing department — виробни́чий ві́дділ, цех основно́го про́філю виробни́цтва
personal department — ві́дділ ка́дрів
purchasing department — ві́дділ постача́ння (заку́пок)
wages department — ві́дділ заробі́тної пла́ти
2) сфе́ра, га́лузь (науки, знань)3) факульте́т; ка́федра ( в університеті)department of philology — ка́федра філоло́гії
4) ві́домство; міністе́рство; департа́мент; управлі́ння; слу́жбаDepartment of Agriculture — Міністе́рство сільсько́го господа́рства
Department of the Air Forces — Міністе́рство військо́во-пові́тря́них сил
Department of the Army — Міністе́рство сухопу́тних військ
Department of Commerce — Міністе́рство торгі́влі
Department of Defence — Міністе́рство оборо́ни
Department of Education and Science — Міністе́рство осві́ти і нау́ки
Department of Health and Social Security — Міністе́рство охоро́ни здоро́в'я і соціа́льного забезпе́чення
Department of Industry — Міністе́рство промисло́вості
Department of Justice — Міністе́рство юсти́ції
Department of Labour — Міністе́рство пра́ці
Department of Navy — Міністе́рство військо́во-морськи́х сил
Department of State — Держа́вний департа́мент ( США)
Department of Trade — Міністе́рство торгі́влі
Department of the Treasury — Міністе́рство фіна́нсів
Post Office Department — Міністе́рство по́шти
Water Department — департа́мент водопостача́ння
5) вла́даlegislative [executive, judiciary] department — законода́вча (викона́вча, судова́) вла́да
6) адміністрати́вна о́бласть; (військо́ви́й) о́круг -
25 Department of the Treasury
орг.гос. фин., амер. Министерство финансов, Государственное казначейство (государственное ведомство США, которое отвечает за осуществление фискальной политики, управление государственным долгом, печатание денег, борьбу с отмыванием денег и финансированием терроризма, анализ состояния финансового рынка, внешнюю финансовую помощь и участие США в международных финансовых организациях)Syn:See:Internal Revenue Service, Bureau of Engraving and Printing, Financial Management Service, Bureau of the Public Debt, Alcohol and Tobacco Tax and Trade Bureau, Office of Thrift Supervision, Office of the Comptroller of the Currency, US Mint, Office of Terrorism and Financial Intelligence, Financial Crimes Enforcement Network, Office of Foreign Assets Control, Community Development Financial Institutions Fund, Treasury Forfeiture Fund, Economic Stabilization Fund, Federal Financing Bank, Secret Service, Foreign Trade Zones Board, Joint Board for the Enrollment of Actuaries, Secretary of the Treasury, Treasurer of the United States, Comptroller of the Currency, monetary policy, fiscal policy, backdoor financing, enrolled agent, foreign government series* * *Англо-русский экономический словарь > Department of the Treasury
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26 Department of Commerce
орг.сокр. USDOC, DOC гос. упр., амер. Министерство торговли (отстаивает интересы американского бизнеса в стране и за рубежом, собирает и анализирует экономическую информацию, следит за исполнением международных торговых соглашений, регулирует экспорт чувствительных товаров и технологий, выдает патенты и торговые знаки, обеспечивает защиту интеллектуальной собственности, устанавливает систему мер и весов; основано в 1903 г. как часть Министерства торговли и труда; как самостоятельное министерство существует с 1913 г.)Syn:See:Department of Commerce and Labor, Bureau of Industry and Security, Economic Development Administration, Economics and Statistics Administration, International Trade Administration, Minority Business Development Agency, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, National Telecommunications and Information Administration, Patent and Trademark Office, Export Contact List Service, Foreign Trade Division, Interagency Group on Countertrade, Committee for the Implementation of Textile Agreements, Foreign Trade Zones Board, commercial activity report, Trade Adjustment Assistance, Export Assistance Center, factory ordersАнгло-русский экономический словарь > Department of Commerce
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27 foreign currency
for·eign ˈcur·ren·cyn Valuta f, Devisen pl\foreign currency cheque Währungsscheck m\foreign currency loan Fremdwährungsanleihe f* * *n.Devise -n f. -
28 Foreign Market Development Program
сокр. FMD межд. эк., амер. Программа развития внешнего рынка* (программа Министерства сельского хозяйства США, направленная на развитие, поддержание и расширение экспортных рынков сельскохозяйственной продукции)Syn:See:Англо-русский экономический словарь > Foreign Market Development Program
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29 Department of the Army Policy for Disclosure of Classified Military Information (to Foreign Governments)
DADCMI, Department of the Army Policy for Disclosure of Classified Military Information (to Foreign Governments)установленный в СВ порядок передачи секретной военной информации (представителям иностранных государств)English-Russian dictionary of planing, cross-planing and slotting machines > Department of the Army Policy for Disclosure of Classified Military Information (to Foreign Governments)
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30 Department of Defense Foreign Disclosure Coordinating Office
DODFDCO, Department of Defense Foreign Disclosure Coordinating OfficeEnglish-Russian dictionary of planing, cross-planing and slotting machines > Department of Defense Foreign Disclosure Coordinating Office
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31 Foreign Office Research Department
FORD, Бр Foreign Office Research DepartmentEnglish-Russian dictionary of planing, cross-planing and slotting machines > Foreign Office Research Department
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32 Foreign Technical Department
FTD, Foreign Technical DepartmentEnglish-Russian dictionary of planing, cross-planing and slotting machines > Foreign Technical Department
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33 Department of State
орг.1) сокр. DOS гос. упр., амер. Государственный департамент; Министерство иностранных дел (проводит в жизнь политику государства в области международных отношений; возглавляется государственным секретарем; образован в 1789 г.)Syn:See:U.S. Mission to the United Nations, Directorate of Defense Trade Controls, Foreign and Commonwealth Office, cabinet 1. 1) а), Secretary of State 1. 2) а), Arms Control and International Security, Economic, Business, and Agricultural Affairs, Economic, Business, and Agricultural Affairs, Economic, Business, and Agricultural Affairs, Economic, Business, and Agricultural Affairs, Economic, Business, and Agricultural Affairs, Economic, Business, and Agricultural Affairs, Economic, Business, and Agricultural Affairs, Economic, Business, and Agricultural Affairs2) гос. упр., брит. министерство, государственный департамент (правительственный орган, который возглавляет государственный секретарь)See: -
34 Department of the Army
орг.сокр. DA, USA гос. упр., амер. Министерство [департамент, отдел\] сухопутных войск [сил\]* ( в составе Министерства обороны США)See:Англо-русский экономический словарь > Department of the Army
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35 Department of State, U.S.
сокр DoS, DOS, DSМинистерство иностранных дел США, образовано в июле 1789. В течение первых нескольких месяцев именовалось [Department of Foreign Affairs]. Осуществляет на практике внешнеполитический курс, вырабатываемый Президентом и Конгрессом. Возглавляется государственным секретарем США [ Secretary of State], назначаемым Президентом США "по совету и с согласия" [ advice and consent] Сената [ Senate, U.S.] и являющимся первым по важности и порядку наследования президентского поста членом кабинета министров [ cabinet]тж State DepartmentEnglish-Russian dictionary of regional studies > Department of State, U.S.
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36 Department of State, Foreign Service Institute
English-Russian dictionary of regional studies > Department of State, Foreign Service Institute
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37 Foreign Agricultural Service
орг.сокр. FAS гос. упр., амер. Cлужба зарубежного сельского хозяйства*, Служба сельского хозяйства зарубежных стран* (ведомство Министерства сельского хозяйства США, в задачи которого входит сбор информации о зарубежных рынках сельскохозяйственной продукции, развитие внешнего рынка сельхозпродукции США и представление интересов американских производителей на международном рынке)See:Англо-русский экономический словарь > Foreign Agricultural Service
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38 Foreign Claims Settlement Commission
орг.сокр. FCSC гос. упр., амер. Комиссия по урегулированию международных [иностранных\] исков* (ведомство Министерства юстиции США, занимающееся расследованиями претензий граждан США к иностранным государствам по возмещению ущерба от потерь зарубежной собственности)See:Англо-русский экономический словарь > Foreign Claims Settlement Commission
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39 Department of the Treasury
гос. упр., общ. фин., амер. Государственное казначейство США, Министерство финансов США (государственное ведомство США, которое отвечает за осуществление фискальной политики, управление государственным долгом, печатание денег, борьбу с отмыванием денег и финансированием терроризма, анализ состояния финансового рынка, внешнюю финансовую помощь и участие США в международных финансовых организациях)Syn:See:Comptroller of the Currency, Internal Revenue Service, Bureau of Engraving and Printing, Bureau of the Public Debt, Office of the Comptroller of the Currency, Financial Crimes Enforcement Network, Community Development Financial Institutions Fund, Treasury Forfeiture Fund, Federal Financing Bank, monetary policy, fiscal policy, foreign government seriesThe new English-Russian dictionary of financial markets > Department of the Treasury
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40 Foreign Economic Trends
док.сокр. FET межд. эк., амер. "Зарубежные экономические тенденции"* (отчеты зарубежных представительств США об экономических тенденциях на иностранных рынках; в частности, в отчетах содержится обзор инвестиционного климата, тенденций в потреблении и коммерции, состояния внешнего долга, изменений во внешней политике и т. д.; публикуются Министерством торговли США)See:Англо-русский экономический словарь > Foreign Economic Trends
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