Перевод: с английского на все языки

со всех языков на английский

every+variable+must+have+a

  • 1 variable

    = var
    а) в процедурном программировании и ООП - именованная область памяти данных, которой программно можно присваивать разные значения (variable value), считывать их и модифицировать. Таким образом, содержимое ячеек этой памяти - это текущее значение переменной. Для использования переменной в программе её необходимо (явно или неявно) объявить: присвоить идентификатор (identifier) и задать тип.

    Every variable must have a type that precedes its name. — Каждая переменная должна иметь тип, который (при объявлении переменной) предшествует её имени. Тип переменной определяет, какие возможные значения она может принимать и какие операции над ней можно выполнять. Соответствие типа переменной и её использования проверяется во время компиляции программы. В большинстве ЯВУ переменная перед тем, как её можно будет использовать в программе, должна быть инициализирована, т. е. ей необходимо присвоить начальное значение (initial value). До инициализации значение переменных неопределено (см. uninitialized variable) и их использование в программе диагностируется компилятором как ошибка. По области действия различают локальные (local variable) и глобальные (global variable) переменные

    б) в языках функционального и логического программирования - переменная означает неизвестную величину
    2) изменчивый, непостоянный, изменяющийся

    Англо-русский толковый словарь терминов и сокращений по ВТ, Интернету и программированию. > variable

  • 2 BIOS

    ['baios] n. shkurtesë nga b asic i nput o utput s ystem ( BIOS) sistemi themelor për hyrje-dalje ( informatikë)
    What is BIOS?
    BIOS is an acronym for Basic Input/Output System. It is the boot firmware program on a PC, and controls the computer from the time you start it up until the operating system takes over. When you turn on a PC, the BIOS first conducts a basic hardware check, called a Power-On Self Test (POST), to determine whether all of the attachments are present and working. Then it loads the operating system into your computer's random access memory, or RAM.
    The BIOS also manages data flow between the computer's operating system and attached devices such as the hard disk, video card, keyboard, mouse, and printer.
    The BIOS stores the date, the time, and your system configuration information in a battery-powered, non-volatile memory chip, called a CMOS (Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor) after its manufacturing process.
    Although the BIOS is standardized and should rarely require updating, some older BIOS chips may not accommodate new hardware devices. Before the early 1990s, you couldn't update the BIOS without removing and replacing its ROM chip. Contemporary BIOS resides on memory chips such as flash chips or EEPROM (Electrically Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memory), so that you can update the BIOS yourself if necessary.
    For detailed information about BIOS updates, visit:
    What is firmware?
    Firmware consists of programs installed semi-permanently into memory, using various types of programmable ROM chips, such as PROMS, EPROMs, EEPROMs, and flash chips.
    Firmware is non-volatile, and will remain in memory after you turn the system off.
    Often, the term firmware is used to refer specifically to boot firmware, which controls a computer from the time that it is turned on until the primary operating system has taken over. Boot firmware's main function is to initialize the hardware and then to boot (load and execute) the primary operating system. On PCs, the boot firmware is usually referred to as the BIOS.
    What is the difference between memory and disk storage?
    Memory and disk storage both refer to internal storage space in a computer.
    The term memory usually means RAM (Random Access Memory). To refer to hard drive storage, the terms disk space or storage are usually used.
    Typically, computers have much less memory than disk space, because RAM is much more expensive per megabyte than a hard disk. Today, a typical desktop computer might come with 512MB of RAM, and a 40 gigabyte hard disk.
    Virtual memory is disk space that has been designated to act like RAM.
    Computers also contain a small amount of ROM, or read-only memory, containing permanent or semi-permanent (firmware) instructions for checking hardware and starting up the computer. On a PC, this is called the BIOS.
    What is RAM?
    RAM stands for Random Access Memory. RAM provides space for your computer to read and write data to be accessed by the CPU (central processing unit). When people refer to a computer's memory, they usually mean its RAM.
    New computers typically come with at least 256 megabytes (MB) of RAM installed, and can be upgraded to 512MB or even a gigabyte or more.
    If you add more RAM to your computer, you reduce the number of times your CPU must read data from your hard disk. This usually allows your computer to work considerably faster, as RAM is many times faster than a hard disk.
    RAM is volatile, so data stored in RAM stays there only as long as your computer is running. As soon as you turn the computer off, the data stored in RAM disappears.
    When you turn your computer on again, your computer's boot firmware (called BIOS on a PC) uses instructions stored semi-permanently in ROM chips to read your operating system and related files from the disk and load them back into RAM.
    Note: On a PC, different parts of RAM may be more or less easily accessible to programs. For example, cache RAM is made up of very high-speed RAM chips which sit between the CPU and main RAM, storing (i.e., caching) memory accesses by the CPU. Cache RAM helps to alleviate the gap between the speed of a CPU's megahertz rating and the ability of RAM to respond and deliver data. It reduces how often the CPU must wait for data from main memory.
    What is ROM?
    ROM is an acronym for Read-Only Memory. It refers to computer memory chips containing permanent or semi-permanent data. Unlike RAM, ROM is non-volatile; even after you turn off your computer, the contents of ROM will remain.
    Almost every computer comes with a small amount of ROM containing the boot firmware. This consists of a few kilobytes of code that tell the computer what to do when it starts up, e.g., running hardware diagnostics and loading the operating system into RAM. On a PC, the boot firmware is called the BIOS.
    Originally, ROM was actually read-only. To update the programs in ROM, you had to remove and physically replace your ROM chips. Contemporary versions of ROM allow some limited rewriting, so you can usually upgrade firmware such as the BIOS by using installation software. Rewritable ROM chips include PROMs (programmable read-only memory), EPROMs (erasable read-only memory), EEPROMs (electrically erasable programmable read-only memory), and a common variation of EEPROMs called flash memory.
    What is an ACPI BIOS?
    ACPI is an acronym that stands for Advanced Configuration and Power Interface, a power management specification developed by Intel, Microsoft, and Toshiba. ACPI support is built into Windows 98 and later operating systems. ACPI is designed to allow the operating system to control the amount of power provided to each device or peripheral attached to the computer system. This provides much more stable and efficient power management and makes it possible for the operating system to turn off selected devices, such as a monitor or CD-ROM drive, when they are not in use.
    ACPI should help eliminate computer lockup on entering power saving or sleep mode. This will allow for improved power management, especially in portable computer systems where reducing power consumption is critical for extending battery life. ACPI also allows for the computer to be turned on and off by external devices, so that the touch of a mouse or the press of a key will "wake up" the computer. This new feature of ACPI, called OnNow, allows a computer to enter a sleep mode that uses very little power.
    In addition to providing power management, ACPI also evolves the existing Plug and Play BIOS (PnP BIOS) to make adding and configuring new hardware devices easier. This includes support for legacy non-PnP devices and improved support for combining older devices with ACPI hardware, allowing both to work in a more efficient manner in the same computer system. The end result of this is to make the BIOS more PnP compatible.
    What is CMOS?
    CMOS, short for Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor, is a low-power, low-heat semiconductor technology used in contemporary microchips, especially useful for battery-powered devices. The specific technology is explained in detail at:
    http://searchsmb.techtarget.com/sDefinition/0,,sid44_gci213860,00.html
    Most commonly, though, the term CMOS is used to refer to small battery-powered configuration chips on system boards of personal computers, where the BIOS stores the date, the time, and system configuration details.
    How do I enter the Setup program in my BIOS?
    Warning: Your BIOS Setup program is very powerful. An incorrect setting could cause your computer not to boot properly. You should make sure you understand what a setting does before you change it.
    You can usually run Setup by pressing a special function key or key combination soon after turning on the computer, during its power-on self test (POST), before the operating system loads (or before the operating system's splash screen shows). During POST, the BIOS usually displays a prompt such as:
    Press F2 to enter Setup
    Many newer computers display a brief screen, usually black and white, with the computer manufacturer's logo during POST.
    Entering the designated keystroke will take you into the BIOS Setup. Common keystrokes to enter the BIOS Setup are F1, F2, F10, and Del.
    On some computers, such as some Gateway or Compaq computers, graphics appear during the POST, and the BIOS information is hidden. You must press Esc to make these graphics disappear. Your monitor will then display the correct keystroke to enter.
    Note: If you press the key too early or too often, the BIOS may display an error message. To avoid this, wait about five seconds after turning the power on, and then press the key once or twice.
    What's the difference between BIOS and CMOS?
    Many people use the terms BIOS (basic input/output system) and CMOS (complementary metal oxide semiconductor) to refer to the same thing. Though they are related, they are distinct and separate components of a computer. The BIOS is the program that starts a computer up, and the CMOS is where the BIOS stores the date, time, and system configuration details it needs to start the computer.
    The BIOS is a small program that controls the computer from the time it powers on until the time the operating system takes over. The BIOS is firmware, which means it cannot store variable data.
    CMOS is a type of memory technology, but most people use the term to refer to the chip that stores variable data for startup. A computer's BIOS will initialize and control components like the floppy and hard drive controllers and the computer's hardware clock, but the specific parameters for startup and initializing components are stored in the CMOS.

    English-Albanian dictionary > BIOS

  • 3 condition

    1. noun
    1) (stipulation) [Vor]bedingung, die; Voraussetzung, die

    make it a condition that... — es zur Bedingung machen, dass...

    on [the] condition that... — unter der Voraussetzung od. Bedingung, dass...

    2) (in pl.): (circumstances) Umstände Pl.

    weather/light conditions — Witterungsverhältnisse/Lichtverhältnisse

    under or in present conditions — unter den gegenwärtigen Umständen od. Bedingungen

    living/working conditions — Unterkunfts-/Arbeitsbedingungen

    3) (of athlete, etc.) Kondition, die; Form, die; (of thing) Zustand, der; (of invalid, patient, etc.) Verfassung, die

    keep something in good condition — etwas in gutem Zustand erhalten

    be out of condition/in [good] condition — [Person:] schlecht/gut in Form sein

    4) (Med.) Leiden, das

    have a heart/lung etc. condition — ein Herz-/Lungenleiden usw. haben

    2. transitive verb
    * * *
    [kən'diʃən] 1. noun
    1) (state or circumstances in which a person or thing is: The house is not in good condition; He is in no condition to leave hospital; under ideal conditions; living conditions; variable conditions.)
    2) (something that must happen or be done before some other thing happens or is done; a term or requirement in an agreement: It was a condition of his going that he should pay his own expenses; That is one of the conditions in the agreement.)
    2. verb
    1) (to affect or control: behaviour conditioned by circumstances.) bedingen
    2) (to put into the required state: The footballers trained hard in order to condition themselves for the match.) gestalten
    •
    - academic.ru/15097/conditional">conditional
    - conditionally
    - conditioner
    - on condition that
    * * *
    con·di·tion
    [kənˈdɪʃən]
    I. n
    1. (state) Zustand m
    he is in bad/good \condition er ist in schlechter/guter Verfassung [o schlecht/gut in Form]
    in mint [or perfect] \condition in tadellosem Zustand
    in peak \condition in Höchstform [o Topform]
    in a terrible \condition in einem furchtbaren Zustand
    ▪ to be out of \condition nicht in Form sein
    ▪ to be in no \condition to do sth nicht in der Verfassung sein, etw zu tun
    2. MED Leiden nt
    he's got a heart \condition er ist herzkrank
    ▪ \conditions pl Bedingungen pl, Verhältnisse pl
    weather \conditions Wetterbedingungen pl
    in [or under] good/bad \conditions unter guten/schlechten Bedingungen
    working \conditions Arbeitsbedingungen pl
    4. EU
    \conditions for participation Eintrittsbedingungen pl
    5. (stipulation) Bedingung f, Kondition f
    \condition precedent LAW aufschiebende Bedingung
    \condition subsequent LAW auflösende Bedingung
    to make [or set] a \condition eine Bedingung stellen
    ▪ on the \condition that... unter der Bedingung, dass...
    II. vt
    1. usu passive PSYCH, SOCIOL
    ▪ to \condition sb/an animal [to do sth] jdn/ein Tier konditionieren[, etw zu tun] fachspr
    ▪ to be \conditioned konditioniert sein
    ▪ to \condition sb to sth jdn an etw akk gewöhnen
    3. (use conditioner)
    to \condition one's hair eine Pflegespülung machen
    * * *
    [kən'dISən]
    1. n
    1) (= determining factor) Bedingung f (ALSO JUR, COMM); (= prerequisite) Voraussetzung f

    on condition that... —

    on one/this condition — unter einer/der Bedingung or Voraussetzung

    on what condition? — zu welchen Bedingungen?, unter welchen Voraussetzungen?

    on no condition —

    he made it a condition that... — er machte es zur Bedingung, dass...

    2) pl (= circumstances) Verhältnisse pl, Zustände pl (pej)

    weather conditions — die Wetterlage

    in or under (the) present conditions — bei den derzeitigen Verhältnissen

    3) no pl (= state) Zustand m

    he is in good/bad condition — er ist in guter/schlechter Verfassung

    it is in good/bad condition — es ist in gutem/schlechtem Zustand

    the car is in no condition to make such a long journey — so wie das Auto ist, kann man damit keine Reise machen

    you're in no condition to drive — du bist nicht mehr fahrtüchtig

    to be in/out of condition — eine gute/keine Kondition haben

    to keep in/get into condition — in Form bleiben/kommen; (Sport also) seine Kondition beibehalten/sich (dat)

    in an interesting condition (dated hum inf) to change one's condition (old) — in anderen Umständen sich verehelichen (dated)

    the human condition — die Situation des Menschen or der Menschen

    4) (MED) Beschwerden pl

    heart/thyroid condition — Herz-/Schilddrüsenleiden nt

    5) (old: rank) Stand m, Schicht f

    in every condition of life — aus allen Ständen

    2. vt
    1) (esp pass = determine) bedingen, bestimmen

    to be conditioned by — bedingt sein durch, abhängen von

    2) (= bring into good condition) hair, athlete, animal in Form bringen
    3) (PSYCH ETC: train) konditionieren; (= accustom) gewöhnen

    they have become conditioned to believe it — sie sind so konditioniert, dass sie es glauben

    * * *
    condition [kənˈdıʃn]
    A s
    1. Bedingung f:
    a) Abmachung f
    b) JUR Bestimmung f, Klausel f, Vertragspunkt m, Vorbehalt m:
    conditions of carriage Beförderungsbedingungen;
    (up)on condition that … unter der Bedingung, dass …; vorausgesetzt, dass …;
    on condition freibleibend;
    on condition of his leaving unter der Bedingung, dass er abreist;
    on no condition unter keinen Umständen, keinesfalls;
    make sth a condition etwas zur Bedingung machen;
    make sth a condition for sb jemandem etwas zur Auflage machen; → precedent2
    2. auch PHIL Voraussetzung f, (Vor)Bedingung f
    3. LING Bedingung f, (vorgestellter) Bedingungssatz
    4. Verfassung f:
    a) Zustand m, Beschaffenheit f:
    the ground was in splendid condition der Platz war in ausgezeichnetem Zustand
    b) (körperlicher oder Gesundheits)Zustand, SPORT Kondition f, Form f:
    in good condition in gutem Zustand, SPORT in Form;
    out of condition in schlechter Verfassung, in schlechtem Zustand, SPORT außer Form;
    the condition of her health ihr Gesundheitszustand
    5. MED (Herz- etc) Krankheit f, (-)Leiden n
    6. Lage f:
    in every condition of life in jeder Lebenslage
    7. Finanz-, Vermögenslage f
    8. Rang m, (gesellschaftliche) Stellung, ( auch Familien)Stand m:
    persons of condition hochgestellte Persönlichkeiten;
    change one’s condition heiraten
    9. SCHULE US (Gegenstand m der) Nachprüfung f (bei Nichterreichen des Studienzieles)
    10. pl (Lebens- etc) Bedingungen pl, (Witterungs- etc) Verhältnisse pl: → imprisonment 1 a
    B v/t
    1. zur Bedingung machen, sich ausbedingen, festsetzen, aus-, abmachen, die Bedingung stellen ( alle:
    that dass)
    2. die Voraussetzung sein für, bedingen:
    conditioned by bedingt durch
    3. abhängig machen (on von):
    be conditioned on abhängen von
    4. UNIV US
    a) einem Studenten eine Nachprüfung auferlegen
    b) eine Nachprüfung in einem Fach ablegen müssen
    5. TECH etwas auf seinen Zustand oder seine Beschaffenheit prüfen, Textilien konditionieren
    6. in den richtigen oder gewünschten Zustand bringen: → air-condition
    7. fig
    a) formen
    b) anpassen
    c) beeinflussen
    8. fig jemanden programmieren (to, for auf akk)
    * * *
    1. noun
    1) (stipulation) [Vor]bedingung, die; Voraussetzung, die

    make it a condition that... — es zur Bedingung machen, dass...

    on [the] condition that... — unter der Voraussetzung od. Bedingung, dass...

    2) (in pl.): (circumstances) Umstände Pl.

    weather/light conditions — Witterungsverhältnisse/Lichtverhältnisse

    under or in present conditions — unter den gegenwärtigen Umständen od. Bedingungen

    living/working conditions — Unterkunfts-/Arbeitsbedingungen

    3) (of athlete, etc.) Kondition, die; Form, die; (of thing) Zustand, der; (of invalid, patient, etc.) Verfassung, die

    be out of condition/in [good] condition — [Person:] schlecht/gut in Form sein

    4) (Med.) Leiden, das

    have a heart/lung etc. condition — ein Herz-/Lungenleiden usw. haben

    2. transitive verb
    * * *
    n.
    Auflage f.
    Bedingung f.
    Klausel -n f.
    Stellung -en f.
    Voraussetzung f.
    Zustand -¨e m.

    English-german dictionary > condition

  • 4 Self

       There are some philosophers who imagine we are every moment intimately conscious of what we call our SELF; that we feel its existence and its continuance in existence; and are certain, beyond the evidence of a demonstration, both of its perfect identity and simplicity....
       For my part, when I enter most intimately into what I call myself, I always stumble on some particular perception or other, of heat or cold, light or shade, love or hatred, pain or pleasure. I never can catch myself at any time without a perception, and never can observe anything but the perception....
       [S]etting aside some metaphysicians... I may venture to affirm, of the rest of mankind, that they are nothing but a bundle or collection of different perceptions, which succeed each other with an inconceivable rapidity, and are in a perpetual flux and movement. Our eyes cannot turn in their sockets without varying our perceptions. Our thought is still more variable than our sight; and all our other senses and faculties contribute to this change; nor is there any single power of the soul, which remains unalterably the same, perhaps for one moment. The mind is a kind of theatre, where several perceptions successively make their appearance, pass, re-pass, glide away, and mingle in an infinite variety of postures and situations. There is properly no simplicity in it at any one time, nor identity in different, whatever natural propensity we may have to imagine that simplicity and identity. The comparison of the theatre must not mislead us. [It is merely] the successive perceptions... that constitute the mind; nor have we the most distant notion of the place where the scenes are represented, or of the materials of which it is composed. (Hume, 1978, pp. 251-256)
       To find wherein personal identity consists, we must consider what person stands for; which, I think, is a thinking intelligent being that has reason and reflection and can consider itself as itself, the same thinking thing in different times and places; which it does only by that consciousness which is inseparable from thinking and, as it seems to me, essential for it-it being impossible for anyone to perceive without perceiving that he does perceive.
       When we see, hear, smell, taste, feel, meditate, or will anything, we know that we do so. Thus it is always as to our present sensations and perceptions; and by this everyone is to himself that which he calls self, not being considered in this case whether the same self be continued in the same or different substances. For since consciousness always accompanies thinking, and it is that which makes everyone to be what he calls self, and thereby distinguishes himself from all other thinking things, in this alone consists personal identity, i.e., the sameness of a rational being. And as far as this consciousness can be extended backwards to any past action or thought, so far reaches the identity of that person. It is the same self now it was then, and it is by the same self as this present one that now reflects on it, that action was done. (Locke, 1975, Bk. II, Chap. 27, Sec. 9-10)

    Historical dictionary of quotations in cognitive science > Self

См. также в других словарях:

  • Variable envelope return path — (VERP) is a technique used by some electronic mailing list software to enable automatic detection and removal of undeliverable e mail addresses. It works by using a different return path (also called envelope sender ) for each recipient of a… …   Wikipedia

  • Variable universal life insurance — (often shortened to VUL) is a type of life insurance that builds a cash value. In a VUL, the cash value can be invested in a wide variety of separate accounts, similar to mutual funds, and the choice of which of the available separate accounts to …   Wikipedia

  • Variable Geo — This article refers to the video game series, for the OVAs, see Variable Geo (anime). Variable Geo Front cover of V.G.: Variable Geo for the PC 9801, the first title of the series. Developer(s) Gig …   Wikipedia

  • Dummy variable (statistics) — In statistics and econometrics, particularly in regression analysis, a dummy variable (also known as an indicator variable) is one that takes the values 0 or 1 to indicate the absence or presence of some categorical effect that may be expected to …   Wikipedia

  • Continuous variable valve timing — offers a unique ability to have independent control of the intake and exhaust valves in an internal combustion engine. For any engine load criteria, the timing of intake and exhaust can be independently programmed [1]. The main variations of… …   Wikipedia

  • Local hidden variable theory — In quantum mechanics, a local hidden variable theory is one in which distant events are assumed to have no instantaneous (or at least faster than light) effect on local ones. According to the quantum entanglement theory of quantum mechanics, on… …   Wikipedia

  • Environment variable — Environment variables are a set of dynamic named values that can affect the way running processes will behave on a computer. They can be said in some sense to create the operating environment in which a process runs. For example, an environment… …   Wikipedia

  • Multivariate random variable — In mathematics, probability, and statistics, a multivariate random variable or random vector is a list of mathematical variables each of whose values is unknown, either because the value has not yet occurred or because there is imperfect… …   Wikipedia

  • Hegel’s logic and philosophy of mind — Willem deVries LOGIC AND MIND IN HEGEL’S PHILOSOPHY Hegel is above all a systematic philosopher. Awe inspiring in its scope, his philosophy left no subject untouched. Logic provides the central, unifying framework as well as the general… …   History of philosophy

  • Tobacco packaging warning messages — Smoking warning on the back of a cigarette pack, in Australia Tobacco packaging warning messages are health warning messages that appear on the packaging of cigarettes and other tobacco products. They have been implemented in an effort to enhance …   Wikipedia

  • Health insurance — is insurance against the risk of incurring medical expenses among individuals. By estimating the overall risk of health care expenses among a targeted group, an insurer can develop a routine finance structure, such as a monthly premium or payroll …   Wikipedia

Поделиться ссылкой на выделенное

Прямая ссылка:
… Нажмите правой клавишей мыши и выберите «Копировать ссылку»