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101 движение пестицидов
движение пестицидов
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[ http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]EN
pesticide pathway
The specific or known route or vector of any chemical substance released into the environment to prevent, destroy or mitigate any pest that is directly or indirectly detrimental to harvest crops and other human interests. (Source: TOE / FAI / DOE)
[http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]Тематики
EN
DE
FR
Русско-французский словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > движение пестицидов
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102 движение экологов
движение экологов
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[ http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]EN
ecologist movement
Grouping of individuals and organizations dedicated to the protection of the environment. (Source: PHC)
[http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]Тематики
EN
DE
FR
Русско-французский словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > движение экологов
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103 динамика пестицида в среде
динамика пестицида в среде
Изменение пестицида под воздействием факторов среды.
[ ГОСТ 21507-81]Тематики
Обобщающие термины
EN
DE
FR
Русско-французский словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > динамика пестицида в среде
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104 диоксин
диоксин
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[ http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]EN
dioxin
A by-product formed during the preparation of the herbicide 2, 4, 5-T, and sometimes produced by the incineration of chlorinated organic compounds. It may also occur naturally and is distributed widely in the environment, except locally in extremely low concentrations. Substantial amounts were released by the industrial accident of Seveso in 1976. (Source: ALL)
[http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]Тематики
EN
DE
FR
Русско-французский словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > диоксин
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105 длительный допустимый ток
- courant permanent admissible, m
- courant admissible, m
(длительный) допустимый ток
Максимальное значение электрического тока, который может протекать длительно по проводнику, устройству или аппарату при определенных условиях без превышения определенного значения их температуры в установившемся режиме
[ ГОСТ Р МЭК 60050-826-2009]
Этот ток обозначают IZ
[ ГОСТ Р 50571. 1-2009 ( МЭК 60364-1: 2005)]EN
(continuous) current-carrying capacity
ampacity (US)
maximum value of electric current which can be carried continuously by a conductor, a device or an apparatus, under specified conditions without its steady-state temperature exceeding a specified value
[IEV number 826-11-13]
ampacity
The current in amperes that a conductor can carry continuously under the conditions of use without exceeding its temperature rating.
[National Electrical Cod]FR
courant (permanent) admissible, m
valeur maximale du courant électrique qui peut parcourir en permanence, un conducteur, un dispositif ou un appareil, sans que sa température de régime permanent, dans des conditions données, soit supérieure à la valeur spécifiée
[IEV number 826-11-13]Ampacity, the term is defined as the maximum amount of current a cable can carry before sustaining immediate or progressive deterioration. Also described as current rating or current-carrying capacity, is the RMS electric current which a device can continuously carry while remaining within its temperature rating. The ampacity of a cable depends on:
- its insulation temperature rating;
- conductor electrical properties for current;
- frequency, in the case of alternating currents;
- ability to dissipate heat, which depends on cable geometry and its surroundings;
- ambient temperature.
Electric wires have some resistance, and electric current flowing through them causes voltage drop and power dissipation, which heats the cable. Copper or aluminum can conduct a large amount of current before melting, but long before the conductors melt, their insulation would be damaged by the heat.
The ampacity for a power cable is thus based on physical and electrical properties of the material & construction of the conductor and of its insulation, ambient temperature, and environmental conditions adjacent to the cable. Having a large overall surface area may dissipate heat well if the environment can absorb the heat.
In a long run of cable, different conditions govern, and installation regulations normally specify that the most severe condition along the run governs the cable's rating. Cables run in wet or oily locations may carry a lower temperature rating than in a dry installation. Derating is necessary for multiple circuits in close proximity. When multiple cables are near, each contributes heat to the others and diminishes the amount of cooling air that can flow past the individual cables. The overall ampacity of the insulated conductors in a bundle of more than 3 must be derated, whether in a raceway or cable. Usually the de-rating factor is tabulated in a nation's wiring regulations.
Depending on the type of insulating material, common maximum allowable temperatures at the surface of the conductor are 60, 75 and 90 degrees Celsius, often with an ambient air temperature of 30°C. In the U.S., 105°C is allowed with ambient of 40°C, for larger power cables, especially those operating at more than 2 kV. Likewise, specific insulations are rated 150, 200 or 250°C.
The allowed current in cables generally needs to be decreased (derated) when the cable is covered with fireproofing material.
For example, the United States National Electric Code, Table 310-16, specifies that up to three 8 AWG copper wires having a common insulating material (THWN) in a raceway, cable, or direct burial has an ampacity of 50 A when the ambient air is 30°C, the conductor surface temperature allowed to be 75°C. A single insulated conductor in air has 70 A rating.
Ampacity rating is normally for continuous current, and short periods of overcurrent occur without harm in most cabling systems. The acceptable magnitude and duration of overcurrent is a more complex topic than ampacity.
When designing an electrical system, one will normally need to know the current rating for the following:- Wires
- Printed Circuit Board traces, where included
- Fuses
- Circuit breakers
- All or nearly all components used
Some devices are limited by power rating, and when this power rating occurs below their current limit, it is not necessary to know the current limit to design a system. A common example of this is lightbulb holders.
[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ampacity]
Тематики
- электротехника, основные понятия
Синонимы
EN
DE
- Dauerstrombelastbarkeit, f
- Strombelastbarkeit, f
FR
- courant admissible, m
- courant permanent admissible, m
Русско-французский словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > длительный допустимый ток
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106 загрязнение моря
загрязнение моря
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[ http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]EN
marine pollution
Any detrimental alteration of the marine environment caused by the intentional or accidental release of dangerous or toxic substances, such as industrial, commercial and urban waste water. (Source: GREMESa)
[http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]Тематики
EN
DE
FR
Русско-французский словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > загрязнение моря
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107 загрязненная почва
загрязненная почва
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[ http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]EN
contaminated soil
Soil which because of its previous or current use has substances under, on or in it which, depending upon their concentration and/or quantity, may represent a direct potential or indirect hazard to man or to the environment. (Source: GRAHAW)
[http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]Тематики
EN
DE
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Русско-французский словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > загрязненная почва
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108 законодательство в области охраны окружающей среды
законодательство в области охраны окружающей среды
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[ http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]EN
environmental legislation
Branch of law relating to pollution control; national parks, wildlife, fauna and flora, wilderness and biodiversity; environmental and occupational health; environmental planning; heritage conservation and a large number of international conventions relating to the environment. (Source: GILP96)
[http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]Тематики
EN
DE
FR
Русско-французский словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > законодательство в области охраны окружающей среды
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109 законодательство, регулирующее обращение с загрязняющими веществами
законодательство, регулирующее обращение с загрязняющими веществами
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[ http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]EN
hazardous substances legislation
A binding rule or body of rules prescribed by a government to regulate the production, use or clean-up of materials that pose a threat to human health and the environment, particularly materials that are toxic, corrosive, ignitable, explosive or chemically reactive. (Source: TOE / BLD)
[http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]Тематики
EN
DE
FR
Русско-французский словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > законодательство, регулирующее обращение с загрязняющими веществами
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110 законы, регулирующие экологическую экспертизу
законы, регулирующие экологическую экспертизу
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[ http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]EN
EIA law
Law concerning the assessment of the effects of certain public and private projects on the environment, based on the EC Directive n. 85/337. (Source: PENELa)
[http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]Тематики
EN
DE
FR
Русско-французский словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > законы, регулирующие экологическую экспертизу
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111 закупки, не наносящие ущерба окружающей среде
закупки, не наносящие ущерба окружающей среде
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[ http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]EN
environmental friendly procurement
The process of obtaining products and services which are favorably disposed toward the environment. (Source: RHW)
[http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]Тематики
EN
DE
FR
Русско-французский словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > закупки, не наносящие ущерба окружающей среде
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112 заменитель фосфатов
заменитель фосфатов
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[ http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]EN
phosphate substitute
All substances that are able to substitute phosphate compounds in detergents; they must have the same chemical and physical properties and must be less polluting for the environment. (Source: RRDA)
[http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]Тематики
EN
DE
FR
Русско-французский словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > заменитель фосфатов
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113 замкнутая система [среда] применения (штриховое кодирование)
замкнутая система [среда] применения (штриховое кодирование)
Система [среда] с применением штрихового кодирования, предназначенная для использования обособленной группой пользователей.
Примечание
Обычно такая система представляет собой группу пользователей в рамках одной организации или сообщество пользователей, созданное по особому соглашению.
[ ГОСТ 30721-2000]
[ ГОСТ Р 51294.3-99]Тематики
EN
DE
FR
Русско-французский словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > замкнутая система [среда] применения (штриховое кодирование)
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114 заселение видов растений
заселение видов растений
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[ http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]EN
introduction of plant species
Plants which have been translocated by human agency into lands or waters where they have not lived previously, at least during historic times. Such translocation of species always involves an element of risk if not of serious danger. Newly arrived species may be highly competitive with or otherwise adversely affect native species and communities. Some may become a nuisance through sheer overabundance. They may become liable to rapid genetic changes in their new environment. Many harmful introductions have been made by persons unqualified to anticipate the often complex ecological interaction which may ensue. On the other hand many plants introduced into modified or degraded environments may be more useful than native species in controlling erosion or in performing other positive functions. (Source: WPR)
[http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]Тематики
EN
DE
FR
Русско-французский словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > заселение видов растений
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115 засыпка мусорной ямы
засыпка мусорной ямы
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[ http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]EN
landfill covering
The protective shielding, consisting of soil or some other material, that encloses disposal sites for compacted, non-hazardous solid waste, or secures disposal sites for hazardous waste to minimize the chance of releasing hazardous substances into the environment. (Source: TOE)
[http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]Тематики
EN
DE
FR
Русско-французский словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > засыпка мусорной ямы
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116 защита окружающей среды
защита окружающей среды
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[ http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]EN
environmental protection
Measures and controls to prevent damage and degradation of the environment, including the sustainability of its living resources. (Source: UNUN)
[http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]Тематики
EN
DE
FR
Русско-французский словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > защита окружающей среды
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117 звуковыделение
звуковыделение
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[ http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]EN
sound emission
Diffusion into the environment of a sound emitted from a given source. (Source: RRDA)
[http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]Тематики
EN
DE
FR
Русско-французский словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > звуковыделение
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118 здоровье человека
здоровье человека
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[ http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]EN
human health
The avoidance of disease and injury and the promotion of normalcy through efficient use of the environment, a properly functioning society, and an inner sense of well-being. (Source: KOREN)
[http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]Тематики
EN
DE
FR
Русско-французский словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > здоровье человека
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119 изучение безопасности
изучение безопасности
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[ http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]EN
safety study
Research, detailed examination and usually a written report on the need for or efficacy of actions, procedures or devices intended to lower the occurrence or risk of injury, loss and danger to persons, property or the environment. (Source: OED / RHW)
[http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]Тематики
EN
DE
FR
Русско-французский словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > изучение безопасности
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120 иммиссионная нагрузка
иммиссионная нагрузка
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[ http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]EN
immission load
The total amount of immissions introduced in a given environment. (Source: RRDA)
[http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]Тематики
EN
DE
FR
Русско-французский словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > иммиссионная нагрузка
См. также в других словарях:
environment — en‧vi‧ron‧ment [ɪnˈvaɪərənmənt ǁ ˈvaɪr ] noun [countable] 1. the environment the air, water, and land in which people, animals, and plants live: • Since these chemicals were banned, pesticide levels in the environment have been declining. 2. the… … Financial and business terms
Environment — may refer to: * Natural environment, all living and non living things that occur naturally on Earth * Built environment, constructed surroundings that provide the setting for human activity, ranging from the large scale civic surroundings to the… … Wikipedia
Environment — Saltar a navegación, búsqueda El environment surge en Estados Unidos, a principio de los años cincuenta y en torno al compositor John Cage y la tradición dadaísta no hay que olvidar el papel de Duchamp en Nueva York , Se empieza a hacer visible… … Wikipedia Español
Environment — En*vi ron*ment, n. [Cf. F. environnement.] 1. Act of environing; state of being environed. [1913 Webster] 2. That which environs or surrounds; surrounding conditions, influences, or forces, by which living forms are influenced and modified in… … The Collaborative International Dictionary of English
environment — I noun atmosphere, aura, circumstances, context, environs, locality, milieu, situation, surroundings II index atmosphere, climate, locality, location, situation … Law dictionary
environment — [n] surroundings, atmosphere ambiance, aura, backdrop, background, circumstances, climate, conditions, context, domain, element, encompassment, entourage, habitat, hood*, jungle*, locale, medium, milieu, neck of the woods*, neighborhood, purlieus … New thesaurus
environment — ► NOUN 1) the surroundings or conditions in which a person, animal, or plant lives or operates. 2) (the environment) the natural world, especially as affected by human activity. 3) Computing the overall structure within which a user, computer, or … English terms dictionary
environment — environment. См. среда [обитания]. (Источник: «Англо русский толковый словарь генетических терминов». Арефьев В.А., Лисовенко Л.А., Москва: Изд во ВНИРО, 1995 г.) … Молекулярная биология и генетика. Толковый словарь.
Environment — acoustic ecology anthropocene apocalypse fatigue assisted migration bads biostitute biotecture blue … New words
environment — c.1600, state of being environed (see ENVIRON (Cf. environ) + MENT (Cf. ment)); sense of nature, conditions in which a person or thing lives first recorded 1827 (used by Carlyle to render Ger. Umgebung); specialized ecology sense first recorded… … Etymology dictionary
environment — background, setting, milieu, backdrop, mise en scène … New Dictionary of Synonyms