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81 aerospace industry
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82 pharmaceutical industry
மருந்தாக்கத் தொழில் -
83 construction industry
கட்டுதல் (கட்டிடத்துக்குரிய) தொழில்,கட்டுமானத் தொழில் -
84 textile industry
நெசவாலை, பஞ்சாலைத் தொழில் -
85 All-Russian Scientific-Research & Design Engineering Institute of Petroleum Machinery Manufacturing Industry
Общая лексика: ВНИИНЕФТЕМАШУниверсальный англо-русский словарь > All-Russian Scientific-Research & Design Engineering Institute of Petroleum Machinery Manufacturing Industry
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86 All-Union Scientific-Research & Design Engineering Institute of Petroleum Machinery Manufacturing Industry
Общая лексика: Всесоюзный научно-исследовательский и проектно (http://www.osti.gov/energycitations/product.biblio.jsp?osti_id=81760), ВНИИНЕФТЕМАШУниверсальный англо-русский словарь > All-Union Scientific-Research & Design Engineering Institute of Petroleum Machinery Manufacturing Industry
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87 lands used for industry, transport, communications, radio broadcasting, television, information technology, the support of space activities, power engineering and other purposes
Общая лексика: земли промышленности, транспорта, связи,Универсальный англо-русский словарь > lands used for industry, transport, communications, radio broadcasting, television, information technology, the support of space activities, power engineering and other purposes
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88 mechanical engineering and metal-working industry
Универсальный англо-русский словарь > mechanical engineering and metal-working industry
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89 precision-engineering and optical industry
< econ> ■ feinmechanisch-optische Industrie fEnglish-german technical dictionary > precision-engineering and optical industry
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90 машиностроительная промышленность
engineering industryБольшой англо-русский и русско-английский словарь > машиностроительная промышленность
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91 машиностроение
ср. mechanical engineering;
machine-building, machinery construction;
engineering industry тяжелое машиностроение химическое машиностроениемашиностро|ение - с. mechanical engineering;
~ительный machine-building.Большой англо-русский и русско-английский словарь > машиностроение
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92 Nasmyth, James Hall
SUBJECT AREA: Mechanical, pneumatic and hydraulic engineering[br]b. 19 August 1808 Edinburgh, Scotlandd. 7 May 1890 London, England[br]Scottish mechanical engineer and inventor of the steam-hammer.[br]James Nasmyth was the youngest son of Alexander Nasmyth (1758–1840), the portrait and landscape painter. According to his autobiography he was named James Hall after his father's friend, the geologist Sir James Hall (1761–1832), but he seems never to have used his second name in official documents. He received an elementary education at Edinburgh High School, but left at the age of 12. He attended evening classes at the Edinburgh School of Arts for the instruction of Mechanics between 1821 and 1825, and gained experience as a mechanic at an early age in his father's workshop. He shared these early experiences with his brother George, who was only a year or so older, and in the 1820s the brothers built several model steam engines and a steam-carriage capable of carrying eight passengers on the public roads. In 1829 Nasmyth obtained a position in London as personal assistant to Henry Maudslay, and after Maudslay's death in February 1831 he remained with Maudslay's partner, Joshua Field, for a short time. He then returned to Edinburgh, where he and his brother George started in a small way as general engineers. In 1834 they moved to a small workshop in Manchester, and in 1836, with the aid of financial backing from some Manchester businessmen, they established on a site at Patricroft, a few miles from the city, the works which became known as the Bridgewater Foundry. They were soon joined by a third partner, Holbrook Gaskell (1813–1909), who looked after the administration of the business, the firm then being known as Nasmyths Gaskell \& Co. They specialized in making machine tools, and Nasmyth invented many improvements so that they soon became one of the leading manufacturers in this field. They also made steam locomotives for the rapidly developing railways. James Nasmyth's best-known invention was the steam-hammer, which dates from 1839 but was not patented until 1842. The self-acting control gear was probably the work of Robert Wilson and ensured the commercial success of the invention. George Nasmyth resigned from the partnership in 1843 and in 1850 Gaskell also resigned, after which the firm continued as James Nasmyth \& Co. James Nasmyth himself retired at the end of 1856 and went to live at Penshurst, Kent, in a house which he named "Hammerfield" where he devoted his time mainly to his hobby of astronomy. Robert Wilson returned to become Managing Partner of the firm, which later became Nasmyth, Wilson \& Co. and retained that style until its closure in 1940. Nasmyth's claim to be the sole inventor of the steam-hammer has been disputed, but his patent of 1842 was not challenged and the fourteen-year monopoly ensured the prosperity of the business so that he was able to retire at the age of 48. At his death in 1890 he left an estate valued at £243,805.[br]Bibliography1874, with J.Carpenter, The Moon Considered as a Planet, a World, and a Satellite, London.1883, Autobiography, ed. Samuel Smiles, London.Further ReadingR.Wailes, 1963, "James Nasmyth—Artist's Son", Engineering Heritage, vol. I, London, 106–11 (a short account).J.A.Cantrell, 1984, James Nasmyth and the Bridgewater Foundry: A Study of Entrepreneurship in the Early Engineering Industry, Manchester (a full-length critical study).——1984–5, "James Nasmyth and the steam hammer", Transactions of the Newcomen Society 56:133–8.RTS -
93 тяжелое машиностроение
heavy engineering, heavy engineering industryБольшой англо-русский и русско-английский словарь > тяжелое машиностроение
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94 Sellers, William
SUBJECT AREA: Mechanical, pneumatic and hydraulic engineering[br]b. 19 September 1824 Upper Darby, Pennsylvania, USAd. 24 January 1905 Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA[br]American mechanical engineer and inventor.[br]William Sellers was educated at a private school that had been established by his father and other relatives for their children, and at the age of 14 he was apprenticed for seven years to the machinist's trade with his uncle. At the end of his apprenticeship in 1845 he took charge of the machine shop of Fairbanks, Bancroft \& Co. in Providence, Rhode Island. In 1848 he established his own factory manufacturing machine tools and mill gearing in Philadelphia, where he was soon joined by Edward Bancroft, the firm becoming Bancroft \& Sellers. After Bancroft's death the name was changed in 1856 to William Sellers \& Co. and Sellers served as President until the end of his life. His machine tools were characterized by their robust construction and absence of decorative embellishments. In 1868 he formed the Edgemoor Iron Company, of which he was President. This company supplied the structural ironwork for the Centennial Exhibition buildings and much of the material for the Brooklyn Bridge. In 1873 he reorganized the William Butcher Steel Works, renaming it the Midvale Steel Company, and under his presidency it became a leader in the production of heavy ordnance. It was at the Midvale Steel Company that Frederick W. Taylor began, with the encouragement of Sellers, his experiments on cutting tools.In 1860 Sellers obtained the American rights of the patent for the Giffard injector for feeding steam boilers. He later invented his own improvements to the injector, which numbered among his many other patents, most of which related to machine tools. Probably Sellers's most important contribution to the engineering industry was his proposal for a system of screw threads made in 1864 and later adopted as the American national standard.Sellers was a founder member in 1880 of the American Society of Mechanical Engineers and was also a member of many other learned societies in America and other countries, including, in Britain, the Institution of Mechanical Engineers and the Iron and Steel Institute.[br]Principal Honours and DistinctionsChevalier de la Légion d'honneur 1889. President, Franklin Institute 1864–7.Further ReadingJ.W.Roe, 1916, English and American Tool Builders, New Haven; reprinted 1926, New York, and 1987, Bradley, Ill. (describes Sellers's work on machine tools).Bruce Sinclair, 1969, "At the turn of a screw: William Sellers, the Franklin Institute, and a standard American thread", Technology and Culture 10:20–34 (describes his work on screw threads).RTS -
95 basic
1) основной
2) базисный
3) начальный
4) <chem.> основный
5) основополагающий
6) основоположный
7) фундаментальный
8) базирующий
9) главный
10) щелочной
– basic brick
– basic capacity
– basic cell
– basic concept
– basic converter
– basic dye
– basic dyeing
– basic engine
– basic equation
– basic flux
– basic formula
– basic foundation
– basic frequency
– basic hearth
– basic hole
– basic lining
– basic meaning
– basic model
– basic note
– basic oxide
– basic part
– basic refractory
– basic rock
– basic salt
– basic slag
– basic steel
– basic stock
– basic tolerance
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96 EIF
1) Компьютерная техника: External Interface File2) Военный термин: ECMC Interface Facility, Enhanced Interface Facility3) Университет: Engineering Industry Fellowship4) Физиология: Echogenic Intracardiac Focus, Eukaryotic Initiation Factor5) Глоссарий компании Сахалин Энерджи: Environmental Impact Factor6) Химическое оружие: Entry into force7) Военно-политический термин: European Investment Fund -
97 INTERELEKTRO
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98 metallurgical
met·al·lur·gi·cal[ˌmetəlˈɜ:ʤɪkəl, AM -t̬əlˈɜ:rʤ-]adj inv metallurgisch\metallurgical engineering/industry Hüttenwesen nt/-industrie f* * *["metə'lɜːdZIk(əl)]adjmetallurgisch* * *metallurgic [ˌmetəˈlɜːdʒık; US ˌmetlˈɜr-] adj, metallurgical [-kl] adj (adv metallurgically) metallurgisch* * *adj.metallurgisch adj. -
99 metallurgical
metallurgisch; -
100 designer
(in advertising) créatif(ive) m, f; (in engineering, industry) dessinateur(trice) m, f
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