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1 convey
convey [kənˈveɪ][+ goods, passengers] transporter ; [+ message, opinion, idea] communiquer (to à ) ; [+ order, thanks] transmettre (to à)• to convey to sb that... faire savoir à qn que...* * *[kən'veɪ]transitive verb1) ( transmit) [person] transmettre [message, information] (to à); exprimer [condolences, feeling, idea] (to à)to convey to somebody that/how — faire savoir à quelqu'un que/comment
to convey the impression of/that — donner l'impression de/que
2) ( communicate) [words, images] traduire [mood, impression]3) ( transport) [vehicle] transporter; [pipes, network] amener -
2 convey
1 ( transmit) [person] transmettre [order, message, news, information] (to à) ; exprimer [opinion, judgment, feeling, idea] (to à) ; transmettre [regards, thanks, congratulations, condolences] (to à) ; to convey to sb that/how faire savoir à qn que/comment ; to convey the impression of/that donner l'impression de/que ;2 ( communicate) [words, images, gestures, music] traduire [mood, emotion, impression] ; to convey a sense ou feeling of traduire une sensation or un sentiment de ;3 ( transport) [vehicle] transporter, acheminer [people, goods] (from de ; to à) ; [pipes, network] amener [water] (to à) ; [postal system] acheminer [mail] (to à) ; [person] transmettre [letter, message] (to à) ;4 Jur transmettre [property, legal title] (to à). -
3 Usage note : may
When may (or may have) is used with another verb in English to convey possibility, French will generally use the adverb peut-être ( perhaps) with the equivalent verb:it may rain= il pleuvra peut-êtrewe may never know what happened= nous ne saurons peut-être jamais ce qui s’est passéhe may have got lost= il s’est peut-être perduAlternatively, and more formally, the construction il se peut que + subjunctive may be used: il se peut qu’il pleuve ; il se peut que nous ne sachions jamais. For particular usages, see 1 in the entry may1.peut-être is also used in French to convey concession:he may be slow but he’s not stupid= il est peut-être lent mais il n’est pas bêteyou may think I’m crazy but …= tu penses peut-être que je suis fou mais…you may close the door= vous pouvez fermer la porteNote that the polite question may I…? is translated by puis-je…?:may I make a suggestion?= puis-je faire une suggestion?For particular usages, see 2 in the entry may1.When may is used in rather formal English to convey purpose in the construction in order that + may, the French equivalent is pour que + subjunctive:in order that he may know= pour qu’il sachemay they be happy!= qu’ils soient heureux!long may it last!= que ça dure!When may well + verb is used to convey likelihood, the French uses il est fort possible que + subjunctive:he may well have gone elsewhere= il est fort possible qu’il soit allé ailleursBut note:that may well be but…= c’est possible mais…In the phrase may as well, may is used interchangeably with might, which is more frequently used. For translations see the entry might1. -
4 Usage note : be
I am tired= je suis fatiguéCaroline is French= Caroline est françaisethe children are in the garden= les enfants sont dans le jardinIt functions in very much the same way as to be does in English and it is safe to assume it will work as a translation in the great majority of cases.Note, however, that when you are specifying a person’s profession or trade, a/an is not translated:she’s a doctor= elle est médecinClaudie is still a student= Claudie est toujours étudianteThis is true of any noun used in apposition when the subject is a person:he’s a widower= il est veufButLyons is a beautiful city= Lyon est une belle villeFor more information or expressions involving professions and trades consult the usage note Shops, Trades and Professions.For the conjugation of the verb être see the French verb tables.Grammatical functionsThe passiveêtre is used to form the passive in French just as to be is used in English. Note, however, that the past participle agrees in gender and number with the subject:the rabbit was killed by a fox= le lapin a été tué par un renardthe window had been broken= la fenêtre avait été casséetheir books will be sold= leurs livres seront vendusour doors have been repainted red= nos portes ont été repeintes en rougeIn spoken language, French native speakers find the passive cumbersome and will avoid it where possible by using the impersonal on where a person or people are clearly involved : on a repeint nos portes en rouge.Progressive tensesIn French the idea of something happening over a period of time cannot be expressed using the verb être in the way that to be is used as an auxiliary verb in English.The presentFrench uses simply the present tense where English uses the progressive form with to be:I am working= je travailleBen is reading a book= Ben lit un livreIn order to accentuate duration être en train de is used: je suis en train de travailler ; Ben est en train de lire un livre.The futureFrench also uses the present tense where English uses the progressive form with to be:we are going to London tomorrow= nous allons à Londres demainI’m (just) coming!= j’arrive!I’m (just) going!= j’y vais!The pastTo express the distinction between she read a newspaper and she was reading a newspaper French uses the perfect and the imperfect tenses: elle a lu un journal/elle lisait un journal:he wrote to his mother= il a écrit à sa mèrehe was writing to his mother= il écrivait à sa mèreHowever, in order to accentuate the notion of describing an activity which went on over a period of time, the phrase être en train de (= to be in the process of) is often used:‘what was he doing when you arrived?’‘he was cooking the dinner’= ‘qu’est-ce qu’il faisait quand tu es arrivé?’ ‘il était en train de préparer le dîner’she was just finishing her essay when …= elle était juste en train de finir sa dissertation quand …The compound pastCompound past tenses in the progressive form in English are generally translated by the imperfect in French:I’ve been looking for you= je te cherchaisFor progressive forms + for and since (I’ve been waiting for an hour, I had been waiting for an hour, I’ve been waiting since Monday etc.) see the entries for and since.ObligationWhen to be is used as an auxiliary verb with another verb in the infinitive ( to be to do) expressing obligation, a fixed arrangement or destiny, devoir is used:she’s to do it at once= elle doit le faire tout de suitewhat am I to do?= qu’est-ce que je dois faire?he was to arrive last Monday= il devait arriver lundi derniershe was never to see him again= elle ne devait plus le revoir.In tag questionsFrench has no direct equivalent of tag questions like isn’t he? or wasn’t it? There is a general tag question n’est-ce pas? (literally isn’t it so?) which will work in many cases:their house is lovely, isn’t it?= leur maison est très belle, n’est-ce pas?he’s a doctor, isn’t he?= il est médecin, n’est-ce pas?it was a very good meal, wasn’t it?= c’était un très bon repas, n’est-ce pas?However, n’est-ce pas can very rarely be used for positive tag questions and some other way will be found to express the extra meaning contained in the tag: par hasard ( by any chance) can be very useful as a translation:‘I can’t find my glasses’ ‘they’re not in the kitchen, are they?’= ‘je ne trouve pas mes lunettes’ ‘elles ne sont pas dans la cuisine, par hasard?’you haven’t seen Gaby, have you?= tu n’as pas vu Gaby, par hasard?In cases where an opinion is being sought, si? meaning more or less or is it? or was it? etc. can be useful:it’s not broken, is it?= ce n’est pas cassé, si?he wasn’t serious, was he?= il n’était pas sérieux, si?In many other cases the tag question is simply not translated at all and the speaker’s intonation will convey the implied question.In short answersAgain, there is no direct equivalent for short answers like yes I am, no he’s not etc. Where the answer yes is given to contradict a negative question or statement, the most useful translation is si:‘you’re not going out tonight’ ‘yes I am’= ‘tu ne sors pas ce soir’ ‘si’In reply to a standard enquiry the tag will not be translated:‘are you a doctor?’ ‘yes I am’= ‘êtes-vous médecin?’ ‘oui’‘was it raining?’ ‘yes it was’= ‘est-ce qu’il pleuvait?’ ‘oui’ProbabilityFor expressions of probability and supposition ( if I were you etc.) see the entry be.Other functionsExpressing sensations and feelingsIn expressing physical and mental sensations, the verb used in French is avoir:to be cold= avoir froidto be hot= avoir chaudI’m cold= j’ai froidto be thirsty= avoir soifto be hungry= avoir faimto be ashamed= avoir hontemy hands are cold= j’ai froid aux mainsIf, however, you are in doubt as to which verb to use in such expressions, you should consult the entry for the appropriate adjective.Discussing health and how people areIn expressions of health and polite enquiries about how people are, aller is used:how are you?= comment allez-vous?( more informally) comment vas-tu?( very informally as a greeting) ça va?are you well?= vous allez bien?how is your daughter?= comment va votre fille?my father is better today= mon père va mieux aujourd’huiDiscussing weather and temperatureIn expressions of weather and temperature faire is generally used:it’s cold= il fait froidit’s windy= il fait du ventIf in doubt, consult the appropriate adjective entry.Visiting somewhereWhen to be is used in the present perfect tense to mean go, visit etc., French will generally use the verbs venir, aller etc. rather than être:I’ve never been to Sweden= je ne suis jamais allé en Suèdehave you been to the Louvre?= est-ce que tu es déjà allé au Louvre?or est-ce que tu as déjà visité le Louvre?Paul has been to see us three times= Paul est venu nous voir trois foisNote too:has the postman been?= est-ce que le facteur est passé?The translation for an expression or idiom containing the verb to be will be found in the dictionary at the entry for another word in the expression: for to be in danger see danger, for it would be best to … see best etc.This dictionary contains usage notes on topics such as the clock, time units, age, weight measurement, days of the week, and shops, trades and professions, many of which include translations of particular uses of to be. -
5 pipe
1. noun1) (a tube, usually made of metal, earthenware etc, through which water, gas etc can flow: a water pipe; a drainpipe.) tuyau2) (a small tube with a bowl at one end, in which tobacco is smoked: He smokes a pipe; ( also adjective) pipe tobacco.) (à) pipe3) (a musical instrument consisting of a hollow wooden, metal etc tube through which the player blows or causes air to be blown in order to make a sound: He played a tune on a bamboo pipe; an organ pipe.) pipeau2. verb1) (to convey gas, water etc by a pipe: Water is piped to the town from the reservoir.) amener (par un tuyau)2) (to play (music) on a pipe or pipes: He piped a tune.) jouer (sur un pipeau, une cornemuse)3) (to speak in a high voice, make a high-pitched sound: `Hallo,' the little girl piped.) dire d'une voix flûtée•- piper- pipes - piping 3. adjective((of a sound) high-pitched: a piping voice.) flûté- pipeline - piping hot -
6 carry
carry ['kærɪ]porter ⇒ 1 (a), 1 (c)-(e), 1 (h), 1 (i), 2 transporter ⇒ 1 (b) transmettre ⇒ 1 (b), 1 (c), 1 (f) adopter ⇒ 1 (k) vendre ⇒ 1 (l) retenir ⇒ 1 (m)(pt & pp carried)∎ she carried her baby on her back/in her arms elle portait son enfant sur son dos/dans ses bras;∎ they carried the equipment across the bridge ils ont porté le matériel de l'autre côté du pont;∎ could you carry the groceries into the kitchen? pourrais-tu porter les provisions jusqu'à la cuisine?;∎ the porter carried the suitcases downstairs/upstairs le porteur a descendu/monté les bagages(b) (convey, transport → of vehicle) transporter; (→ of river, wind) porter, emporter; (→ of pipe) acheminer, amener; (→ of airwaves, telephone wire) transmettre, conduire;∎ she ran as fast as her legs would carry her elle a couru à toutes jambes;∎ the current carried the raft out to sea le courant a emporté le radeau au large;∎ she carries all the facts in her head elle a tous les faits en mémoire;∎ he carried the secret to his grave il a emporté le secret dans la tombe;∎ to carry a tune chanter juste;∎ figurative to carry coals to Newcastle porter de l'eau à la rivière∎ rats carry diseases les rats sont porteurs de maladies(d) (have on one's person → identity card, papers) porter, avoir (sur soi); (→ cash) avoir (sur soi); (→ gun) porter;∎ I don't carry much money about or on me je n'ai jamais beaucoup d'argent sur moi∎ to carry a risk comporter un risque;∎ to carry responsibility comporter des responsabilités;∎ our products carry a 6-month warranty nos produits sont accompagnés d'une garantie de 6 mois;∎ the crime carries a long sentence ce crime est passible d'une longue peine;∎ to carry weight/authority (of person, opinion) avoir du poids/de l'autorité∎ all the newspapers carried the story l'histoire était dans tous les journaux;∎ the banners carried anti-government slogans les bannières portaient des slogans anti-gouvernementaux(g) (take, lead, extend)∎ to carry an argument to its logical conclusion aller au bout d'un raisonnement;∎ to carry sth too far pousser qch trop loin;∎ Military to carry the battle or fight into the enemy's camp faire du territoire ennemi le lieu du conflit; figurative attaquer l'ennemi sur son propre terrain(h) (bear, hold) porter;∎ to carry one's head high porter la tête haute(i) (hold up, support → roof, weight) porter, supporter, soutenir;∎ also figurative to carry a heavy load porter un lourd fardeau∎ she carried the audience with her le public était avec elle;∎ he carried all before him ce fut un triomphe pour lui;∎ to carry the day l'emporter∎ the motion was carried la motion a été votée(m) Mathematics retenir;∎ add nine and carry one ajoute neuf et retiens un(n) (be pregnant with) attendre;∎ she's carrying their fourth child elle est enceinte de leur quatrième enfant(ball, sound) porter(b) (usu passive) (excite) he was carried away by his enthusiasm/imagination il s'est laissé emporter par son enthousiasme/imagination;∎ I got a bit carried away and spent all my money je me suis emballé et j'ai dépensé tout mon argent;∎ don't get too carried away! du calme!, ne t'emballe pas!∎ that carries me back to my youth cela me ramène à l'époque de ma jeunesse(a) (from upstairs) descendre(b) (usu passive) (tradition) transmettreAccountancy reporter;∎ carried forward report, à reporter;∎ carried forward from the previous year report de l'exercice précédent;∎ carried forward to the next year report à l'exercice suivant∎ the thieves carried off all their jewellery les voleurs se sont enfuis avec tous leurs bijoux(b) (award, prize) remporter∎ to carry it off réussir le coup;∎ she carried it off beautifully elle s'en est très bien tirée∎ hundreds were carried off by the epidemic des centaines de personnes ont été emportées par l'épidémie➲ carry on∎ I carried on working or with my work j'ai continué à travailler, j'ai continué mon travail;∎ they carried on to the bitter end ils sont allés jusqu'au bout∎ the way you carry on, you'd think I never did anything around the house à t'entendre, je n'ai jamais rien fait dans cette maison∎ to carry on with sb avoir une liaison□ avec qn;∎ he's carrying on with somebody else's wife il a une liaison avec ou il couche avec la femme d'un autre;∎ "Carry On" films = série de comédies britanniques des années 60 et 70 dont le titre commence toujours par "Carry On", célèbres pour leur humour plein de sous-entendus grivois(a) British (continue → conversation, work) continuer, poursuivre; (→ tradition) entretenir, perpétuer;∎ we can carry on this conversation later nous pourrons poursuivre ou reprendre cette conversation plus tard(b) (conduct → work) effectuer, réaliser; (→ negotiations) mener; (→ discussion) avoir; (→ correspondence) entretenir(a) (take away) emporter(b) (perform → programme, raid) effectuer; (→ idea, plan) réaliser, mettre à exécution; (→ experiment) effectuer, conduire; (→ investigation, research, survey) conduire, mener; (→ instruction, order) exécuter;∎ the police carried out a search (of house, premises) la police a effectué une perquisition∎ he failed to carry out his promise il a manqué à sa parole, il n'a pas tenu ou respecté sa promesse;∎ to carry out one's (professional) duties s'acquitter de ses fonctions(b) (defer, postpone) reporter;∎ to carry over one's holiday entitlement/tax allowance to the next year reporter ses congés/son abattement fiscal sur l'année suivante(c) Accountancy reporter;∎ to carry over a loss to the following year reporter une perte sur l'année suivante∎ to carry over goods from one season to another stocker des marchandises d'une saison sur l'autre(a) (accomplish) réaliser, mener à bien ou à bonne fin∎ her love of life carried her through her illness sa volonté de vivre lui a permis de vaincre sa maladie -
7 pipe
pipe [paɪp]1 noun(a) (for smoking) pipe f;∎ he smokes a pipe il fume la pipe;∎ he smokes four pipes a day il fume quatre pipes par jour;∎ familiar put that in your pipe and smoke it! mets ça dans ta poche et ton mouchoir par-dessus!∎ to lay gas pipes poser des conduites de gaz;∎ the pipes have frozen les canalisations ont gelé∎ the pipes (bagpipes) la cornemuse∎ respiratory pipe tube m respiratoire(e) (birdsong) pépiement m, gazouillis m∎ get on the pipe to Heather passe un coup de bigophone à Heather∎ volcanic pipe cheminée f volcanique(bowl, stem) de pipe; (tobacco) à pipe(a) (convey → liquid) acheminer par tuyau;∎ natural gas is piped to the cities le gaz naturel est acheminé jusqu'aux villes par gazoducs;∎ the irrigation system will pipe water to the fields le système d'irrigation amènera l'eau jusqu'aux champs;∎ untreated sewage is piped into the lake les égouts se déversent directement dans le lac;∎ to pipe coolant through a system faire circuler un produit refroidissant dans un système∎ to pipe sb aboard rendre à qn les honneurs du sifflet (quand il monte à bord);∎ to pipe sb out saluer le départ de qn au sifflet∎ pipe the cream onto the sponge avec une poche à douille, versez la crème sur le gâteau►► Music pipe band orchestre m de cornemuses;pipe cleaner cure-pipe m;pipe dream chimère f;∎ you and your pipe dreams! toi et tes châteaux en Espagne!;pipe fitter tuyauteur(euse) m,f;pipe major cornemuse f principale;pipe organ grandes orgues fpl;pipe of peace calumet m de la paix;pipe rack râtelier m à pipes(a) (make less noise) faire moins de bruit□ ;∎ pipe down! moins de bruit!(b) (not talk so much) rabattre son caquet;∎ pipe down! boucle-la!;∎ he piped down when he realized she knew a lot more about it il a rabattu son caquet quand il s'est rendu compte qu'elle en savait bien plus que lui∎ to pipe in the guests = jouer de la cornemuse en tête de la procession (lors de l'entrée solennelle des invités)∎ to pipe sb in saluer l'arrivée de qn au sifflet∎ "me too!" he piped up "moi aussi!", dit-il, sortant de son silence -
8 transfer
(a) (move) transférer; (employee, civil servant) transférer, muter; (soldier) muter; British (player) transférer; (passenger) transférer, transborder; (object, goods) transférer, transporter;∎ can this ticket be transferred to another airline? peut-on utiliser ce billet d'avion sur une autre compagnie?∎ I transferred the funds to my bank account j'ai fait virer l'argent sur mon compte bancaire(c) (convey → property, ownership) transmettre, transférer, Law faire cession de, céder; (→ power, responsibility) passer;∎ she will transfer the rights over to him elle va lui céder ou passer les droits∎ I'm transferring you now (operator) je vous mets en communication;∎ British I'd like to transfer the charges je voudrais téléphoner en PCV;∎ British transferred charge call communication f en PCV(e) (displace → design, picture) reporter, décalquer;∎ to transfer a design from one surface to another décalquer un dessin d'un support sur un autre;∎ figurative she transferred her affection/allegiance to him elle a reporté son affection/sa fidélité sur lui(a) (move) être transféré; (employee, civil servant) être muté ou transféré; (soldier) être muté; British (player) être transféré;∎ American she transferred to another school elle a changé d'école;∎ I'm transferring to history je me réoriente en histoire(b) (change mode of transport) être transféré ou transbordé;∎ they had to transfer to a train ils ont dû changer et prendre le train(a) (gen) transfert m; (of employee, civil servant) mutation f; (of passenger) transfert m, transbordement m; British (of player) transfert m; (of goods, objects) transfert m, transport m;∎ he has asked for a transfer il a demandé son transfert ou à être muté; British (player) il a demandé son transfert∎ transfer of ownership from sb to sb transfert m ou translation f de propriété de qn à qn;∎ application for transfer of proceedings demande f de renvoi devant une autre juridiction∎ free transfer transfert m gratuit∎ transfer of charges transfert m de charges∎ transfer by endorsement transmission f par endossement►► transfer advice avis m de virement;transfer bus navette f;British Telecommunications transfer charge call communication f en PCV;transfer cheque chèque m de virement;Law transfer deed acte m de cession;transfer desk (at airport) guichet m de transit;transfer duty droits mpl de transfert;transfer form formule f de transfert;British transfer lounge (at airport) salle f de transit;transfer order ordre m ou mandat m de virement;British transfer passenger (between flights) voyageur(euse) m,f en transit;Politics transfer of power passation f de pouvoir;Computing transfer rate taux m de transfert;Biology transfer RNA ARN m de transfert;Computing transfer speed vitesse f de transfert;British transfer tax droits mpl de succession; (between living persons) droit m de mutation;transfer ticket billet m de correspondance
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