-
1 принцип компенсации
Russian-English Dictionary "Microeconomics" > принцип компенсации
-
2 принцип компенсации
2) Diplomatic term: principle of compensation3) Electronics: compensation theoremУниверсальный русско-английский словарь > принцип компенсации
-
3 Kaldor-Hicks-Kompensationsprinzip
Kaldor-Hicks-Kompensationsprinzip n WIWI Kaldor-Hicks compensation principle* * *n <Vw> Kaldor-Hicks compensation principleBusiness german-english dictionary > Kaldor-Hicks-Kompensationsprinzip
-
4 Kompensationskriterium
-
5 Äquivalenzprinzip
Äquivalenzprinzip n principle of equivalent compensation (principle that the costs of administration should be equivalent to respective income) -
6 принцип компенсации напряжения
Telecommunications: voltage-compensation principleУниверсальный русско-английский словарь > принцип компенсации напряжения
-
7 עיקרון הפיצוי
the compensation principle -
8 Ausgleichsgrundsatz
Aus·gleichs·grund·satzm JUR compensation principle -
9 kompensasjonsprinsipp
subst. compensation principle -
10 принцип компенсации напряжения
Russian-English dictionary of telecommunications > принцип компенсации напряжения
-
11 tasakorvausperiaate
• uniform compensation principle -
12 вид компенсации реактивной мощности
вид компенсации реактивной мощности
-См. также компенсация реактивной мощности
Параллельные тексты EN-RU
CC: Central Compensation
GC: Group Compensation
IC: Individual Compensation
M: Motor LoadCC: Централизованная компенсация
GC: Групповая компенсация
IC: Индивидуальная компенсация
M: Нагрузка (электродвигатель)The location of low-voltage capacitors in an installation constitutes the mode of compensation, which may be central (one location for the entire installation), by sector (section-by-section), at load level, or some combination of the latter two.
In principle, the ideal compensation is applied at a point of consumption and at the level required at any moment in time.
In practice, technical and economic factors govern the choice.
The location for connection of capacitor banks in the electrical network is determined by:
• the overall objective (avoid penalties on reactive energy relieve transformer or cables, avoid voltage drops and sags)
• the operating mode (stable or fluctuating loads)
• the foreseeable influence of capacitors on the network characteristics
• the installation cost.
[Schneider Electric]Вид компенсации определяется расположением конденсаторов низкого напряжения в электроустановке. Различают следующие виды компенсации: централизованная (одна конденсаторная батарея на всю электроустановку), групповая (по батарее на группу нагрузок), инидивидуальная или комбинированная - сочетание двух последних видов компенсации.
Теоретически, идеальной является компенсация, выполняемая в любой момент времени в требуемой точке электроустановки в требуемом количестве.
На практике выбор определяется техническими и экономическими соображениями.
Место подключения конденсаторных батарей к электрической сети определяется:
● общей задачей (избежать штрафов за потребление реактивной энергии, разгрузить силовой трансформатор и кабели, предотвратить падение и провалы напряжения);
● режимом работы (постоянные и переменные нагрузки);
● предполагаемым влиянием конденсаторов на характеристики электросети;
● стоимостью установки.
[Перевод Интент]Тематики
EN
Русско-английский словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > вид компенсации реактивной мощности
-
13 asas pemampasan entropi
principle of entropy compensation -
14 динамическая компенсация реактивной мощности
динамическая компенсация реактивной мощности
динамическая компенсация
-Параллельные тексты EN-RU
Dynamic compensation
This kind of compensation is required when fluctuating loads are present, and voltage fluctuations have to be prevented.
The principle of dynamic compensation is to associate a fixed capacitor bank and an electronic var compensator, providing either leading or lagging reactive currents.
The result is continuously varying fast compensation, perfectly suitable for loads such as lifts, crushers, spot welding, etc.
[Schneider Electric]Динамическая компенсация
Компенсация данного типа используется для предотвращения колебаний напряжения в сетях с изменяющейся нагрузко
Принцип динамической компенсации заключается в том, что вместе с нерегулируемой конденсаторной батареей используется электронный компенсатор реактивной мощности, обеспечивающий опережение или запаздывание реактивных токов относительно напряжения.
В результате получается быстродействующая компенсация, хорошо работающая с такими нагрузками, как лифты, дробилки, аппараты точечной сварки и т. д.
[Перевод Интент]
Динамическая компенсация реактивной мощности
Предложены структурные схемы и сформулирован закон управления системой динамической компенсации реактивной мощности по возмущению, предназначенной для компенсации реактивной мощности при пуске крупных асинхронных двигателей.
Работа электроприводов во время их пуска и в резко переменных режимах характеризуется значительным потреблением реактивной мощности, которое в некоторых случаях превышает потребление активной мощности. Пусковые токи мощных асинхронных двигателей (АД) обуславливают посадку напряжения в узле сети. Это, в свою очередь, приводит к снижению запаса устойчивости узлов нагрузки. Одной из эффективных мер повышения уровня напряжения во время переходных режимов является быстродействующая ( динамическая) компенсация реактивной мощности.
[М. И. Бурбело, д. т. н., проф.; А. В. Гадай; А. Н. Кравец; М. В. Никитенко. Динамическая компенсация реактивной мощности в переходных режимах электроприводов/ Наукові праці ВНТУ, 2008, № 3]Тематики
Синонимы
EN
Русско-английский словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > динамическая компенсация реактивной мощности
-
15 теорема
law, theorem* * *теоре́ма ж.
theoremдока́зывать теоре́му, напр. спо́собом от проти́вного — prove a theorem, e. g., by contradictionтеоре́ма о … — a theorem on …теоре́ма а́лгебры, основна́я — the fundamental theorem of algebraтеоре́ма Аполло́ния — theorem of Appoloniusтеоре́ма Бабине́ — Babinet's principleтеоре́ма Безу́ — the remainder theoremтеоре́ма Берну́лли (в теории вероятностей; не путать с уравне́нием Берну́лли из гидродинамики) — Bernoulli's problem (not to be confused with Bernoulli's law or theorem of fluid flow)теоре́ма взаи́мности эл. — reciprocity theoremтеоре́ма Вине́ра—Хи́нчина ( в теории информации) — Wiener-Khintchine theoremтеоре́ма дуа́льности — duality theoremтеоре́ма живы́х сил — work-kinetic energy theoremтеоре́ма Жуко́вского — Kutta-Joukowski theoremтеоре́ма запа́здывания — shift theoremтеоре́ма Кастилья́но — theorem of Castiglianoтеоре́ма Клапейро́на — Clapeyron's theoremтеоре́ма компенса́ции эл. — compensation theoremтеоре́ма ко́синусов — cosine lawтеоре́ма Коши́ о вы́четах — Cauchy residue theoremтеоре́ма Ма́ксвелла о взаи́мности перемеще́ний — Maxwell's reciprocal theoremтеоре́ма наложе́ния эл. — superposition theorem, principle of superpositionтеоре́ма об акти́вном двухпо́люснике — Thйvenin's [Helmholtz's] theoremтеоре́ма об измене́нии кинети́ческой эне́ргии — principle of energyтеоре́ма об измене́нии коли́чества движе́ния — principle of momentumтеоре́ма обрати́мости тече́ний — reverse-flow theoremобра́тная теоре́ма — converse (of a theorem), converse theoremтеоре́ма об эквивале́нтном генера́торе — Thйvenin's [Helmholtz's] theoremтеоре́ма о движе́нии це́нтра масс — principle of motion of centre of massтеоре́ма о минима́ксе — minimax theoremтеоре́ма о постоя́нстве потокосцепле́ния — constant-flux-linkage theoremтеоре́ма о сре́днем — mean-value theorem, first law of the meanтеоре́ма отсчё́тов ( в теории информации) — sampling theoremтеоре́ма о центра́льном преде́ле — central limit theoremтеоре́ма подо́бия — similarity [similitude] theoremтеоре́ма По́йнтинга — Poynting('s) theoremтеоре́ма равновероя́тности — equal probability theoremтеоре́ма разложе́ния — expansion theoremтеоре́ма си́нусов — theorem of sines, law of sinesтеоре́ма соотве́тственных состоя́ний — theorem of corresponding statesтеоре́ма стаби́льности равнове́сия — criterion of equilibrium stabilityтеоре́ма суперпози́ции эл. — superposition theoremтеоре́ма умноже́ния ( в теории вероятностей) — product ruleтеоре́ма Ште́йнера — parallel axis [Steiner's] theoremэргоди́ческая максима́льная теоре́ма — maximal ergodic theorem -
16 Arnold, John
SUBJECT AREA: Horology[br]b. 1735/6 Bodmin (?), Cornwall, Englandd. 25 August 1799 Eltham, London, England[br]English clock, watch, and chronometer maker who invented the isochronous helical balance spring and an improved form of detached detent escapement.[br]John Arnold was apprenticed to his father, a watchmaker, and then worked as an itinerant journeyman in the Low Countries and, later, in England. He settled in London in 1762 and rapidly established his reputation at Court by presenting George III with a miniature repeating watch mounted in a ring. He later abandoned the security of the Court for a more precarious living developing his chronometers, with some financial assistance from the Board of Longitude. Symbolically, in 1771 he moved from the vicinity of the Court at St James's to John Adam Street, which was close to the premises of the Royal Society for the Encouragement of Arts, Manufactures \& Commerce.By the time Arnold became interested in chronometry, Harrison had already demonstrated that longitude could be determined by means of a timekeeper, and the need was for a simpler instrument that could be sold at an affordable price for universal use at sea. Le Roy had shown that it was possible to dispense with a remontoire by using a detached escapement with an isochronous balance; Arnold was obviously thinking along the same lines, although he may not have been aware of Le Roy's work. By 1772 Arnold had developed his detached escapement, a pivoted detent which was quite different from that used on the European continent, and three years later he took out a patent for a compensation balance and a helical balance spring (Arnold used the spring in torsion and not in tension as Harrison had done). His compensation balance was similar in principle to that described by Le Roy and used riveted bimetallic strips to alter the radius of gyration of the balance by moving small weights radially. Although the helical balance spring was not completely isochronous it was a great improvement on the spiral spring, and in a later patent (1782) he showed how it could be made more truly isochronous by shaping the ends. In this form it was used universally in marine chronometers.Although Arnold's chronometers performed well, their long-term stability was less satisfactory because of the deterioration of the oil on the pivot of the detent. In his patent of 1782 he eliminated this defect by replacing the pivot with a spring, producing the spring detent escapement. This was also done independendy at about the same time by Berthoud and Earnshaw, although Earnshaw claimed vehemently that Arnold had plagiarized his work. Ironically it was Earnshaw's design that was finally adopted, although he had merely replaced Arnold's pivoted detent with a spring, while Arnold had completely redesigned the escapement. Earnshaw also improved the compensation balance by fusing the steel to the brass to form the bimetallic element, and it was in this form that it began to be used universally for chronometers and high-grade watches.As a result of the efforts of Arnold and Earnshaw, the marine chronometer emerged in what was essentially its final form by the end of the eighteenth century. The standardization of the design in England enabled it to be produced economically; whereas Larcum Kendall was paid £500 to copy Harrison's fourth timekeeper, Arnold was able to sell his chronometers for less than one-fifth of that amount. This combination of price and quality led to Britain's domination of the chronometer market during the nineteenth century.[br]Bibliography30 December 1775, "Timekeepers", British patent no. 1,113.2 May 1782, "A new escapement, and also a balance to compensate the effects arising from heat and cold in pocket chronometers, and for incurving the ends of the helical spring…", British patent no. 1,382.Further ReadingR.T.Gould, 1923, The Marine Chronometer: Its History and Development, London; reprinted 1960, Holland Press (provides an overview).V.Mercer, 1972, John Arnold \& Son Chronometer Makers 1726–1843, London.See also: Phillips, EdouardDV -
17 теорема
-
18 основа основ·а
1) (главное, на чём строится что-л.) base, basis, foundationбыть / лежать в основе — lie at the root (of)
брать за основу — to base (smth.) upon, to take (smth.) as a basis
заложить основы отношений — to lay the foundations / groundwork
лечь в основу — to be / to form the basis
крепкая / прочная / твёрдая основа — firm / solid foundation
правовая основа — legal foundation / platform
социальная основа — social basis / foundation
на взаимовыгодной основе — on the basis of mutual benefit, on a mutually beneficial / advantageous basis
на долговременной / долгосрочной основе — on a long-term basis
на основе взаимного уважения, равенства и невмешательства — on the basis of mutual respect, equality and nonintervention / noninterference
на основе разделения / распределения расходов — on a cost sharing basis
2) мн. (исходные, главные положения) fundamentals, basics, foundations, principles -
19 equivalencia
f.1 equivalence.2 equivalency, match, comparability, equivalence.* * *1 (igualdad) equivalence2 (sustitución) compensation* * *SF equivalence* * *femenino equivalence* * *= equivalency, comparability, equivalence, mapping.Ex. The article 'Algorithmisation of descriptor equivalency' addresses the problem of finding equivalent expressions when constructing multilingual natural language thesauri.Ex. In order to ensure comparability of results between the UK and Canadian studies, there will be as few as possible alterations to the tools.Ex. It was necessary to develop guidelines to find the correct equivalences.Ex. Recently, proponents of co-citation cluster analysis have claimed that in principle their methodology makes possible the mapping of science using the data in the Science Citation Index.----* equivalencia verbal = verbal translation.* establecer equivalencias entre = map onto/to.* relación de equivalencia = equivalence relationship.* volver a establecer equivalencias = remap.* * *femenino equivalence* * *= equivalency, comparability, equivalence, mapping.Ex: The article 'Algorithmisation of descriptor equivalency' addresses the problem of finding equivalent expressions when constructing multilingual natural language thesauri.
Ex: In order to ensure comparability of results between the UK and Canadian studies, there will be as few as possible alterations to the tools.Ex: It was necessary to develop guidelines to find the correct equivalences.Ex: Recently, proponents of co-citation cluster analysis have claimed that in principle their methodology makes possible the mapping of science using the data in the Science Citation Index.* equivalencia verbal = verbal translation.* establecer equivalencias entre = map onto/to.* relación de equivalencia = equivalence relationship.* volver a establecer equivalencias = remap.* * *1 ( Mat) equivalencetabla de equivalencias conversion table2 ( Ling) equivalence* * *equivalencia nfequivalence;* * *f equivalence* * *equivalencia nf: equivalence -
20 Babbage, Charles
SUBJECT AREA: Electronics and information technology[br]b. 26 December 1791 Walworth, Surrey, Englandd. 18 October 1871 London, England[br]English mathematician who invented the forerunner of the modern computer.[br]Charles Babbage was the son of a banker, Benjamin Babbage, and was a sickly child who had a rather haphazard education at private schools near Exeter and later at Enfield. Even as a child, he was inordinately fond of algebra, which he taught himself. He was conversant with several advanced mathematical texts, so by the time he entered Trinity College, Cambridge, in 1811, he was ahead of his tutors. In his third year he moved to Peterhouse, whence he graduated in 1814, taking his MA in 1817. He first contributed to the Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society in 1815, and was elected a fellow of that body in 1816. He was one of the founders of the Astronomical Society in 1820 and served in high office in it.While he was still at Cambridge, in 1812, he had the first idea of calculating numerical tables by machinery. This was his first difference engine, which worked on the principle of repeatedly adding a common difference. He built a small model of an engine working on this principle between 1820 and 1822, and in July of the latter year he read an enthusiastically received note about it to the Astronomical Society. The following year he was awarded the Society's first gold medal. He submitted details of his invention to Sir Humphry Davy, President of the Royal Society; the Society reported favourably and the Government became interested, and following a meeting with the Chancellor of the Exchequer Babbage was awarded a grant of £1,500. Work proceeded and was carried on for four years under the direction of Joseph Clement.In 1827 Babbage went abroad for a year on medical advice. There he studied foreign workshops and factories, and in 1832 he published his observations in On the Economy of Machinery and Manufactures. While abroad, he received the news that he had been appointed Lucasian Professor of Mathematics at Cambridge University. He held the Chair until 1839, although he neither resided in College nor gave any lectures. For this he was paid between £80 and £90 a year! Differences arose between Babbage and Clement. Manufacture was moved from Clement's works in Lambeth, London, to new, fireproof buildings specially erected by the Government near Babbage's house in Dorset Square, London. Clement made a large claim for compensation and, when it was refused, withdrew his workers as well as all the special tools he had made up for the job. No work was possible for the next fifteen months, during which Babbage conceived the idea of his "analytical engine". He approached the Government with this, but it was not until eight years later, in 1842, that he received the reply that the expense was considered too great for further backing and that the Government was abandoning the project. This was in spite of the demonstration and perfectly satisfactory operation of a small section of the analytical engine at the International Exhibition of 1862. It is said that the demands made on manufacture in the production of his engines had an appreciable influence in improving the standard of machine tools, whilst similar benefits accrued from his development of a system of notation for the movements of machine elements. His opposition to street organ-grinders was a notable eccentricity; he estimated that a quarter of his mental effort was wasted by the effect of noise on his concentration.[br]Principal Honours and DistinctionsFRS 1816. Astronomical Society Gold Medal 1823.BibliographyBabbage wrote eighty works, including: 1864, Passages from the Life of a Philosopher.July 1822, Letter to Sir Humphry Davy, PRS, on the Application of Machinery to the purpose of calculating and printing Mathematical Tables.Further Reading1961, Charles Babbage and His Calculating Engines: Selected Writings by Charles Babbage and Others, eds Philip and Emily Morrison, New York: Dover Publications.IMcN
- 1
- 2
См. также в других словарях:
Compensation principle — In welfare economics, the compensation principle refers to a decision rule used to select between pairs of alternative feasible social states. One of these states is the hypothetical point of departure ( the original state ). According to the… … Wikipedia
compensation principle — theory that an economic policy is desirable if it is beneficial to some of the population and enables compensation for damages that result … English contemporary dictionary
Compensation — • Denotes the price paid for human exertion or labour Catholic Encyclopedia. Kevin Knight. 2006. Compensation Compensation † … Catholic encyclopedia
Compensation — Com pen*sa tion, n. [L. compensatio a weighing, a balancing of accounts.] 1. The act or principle of compensating. Emerson. [1913 Webster] 2. That which constitutes, or is regarded as, an equivalent; that which makes good the lack or variation of … The Collaborative International Dictionary of English
Compensation balance — Compensation Com pen*sa tion, n. [L. compensatio a weighing, a balancing of accounts.] 1. The act or principle of compensating. Emerson. [1913 Webster] 2. That which constitutes, or is regarded as, an equivalent; that which makes good the lack or … The Collaborative International Dictionary of English
Compensation pendulum — Compensation Com pen*sa tion, n. [L. compensatio a weighing, a balancing of accounts.] 1. The act or principle of compensating. Emerson. [1913 Webster] 2. That which constitutes, or is regarded as, an equivalent; that which makes good the lack or … The Collaborative International Dictionary of English
compensation recovery — the clawback by a government agency of a proportion or all of the damages awarded or agreed to be paid to a person in respect of certain state benefits obtained by that person in consequence of an accident, injury or disease. In principle, this… … Law dictionary
Compensation Act 2006 — The Compensation Act 2006[1] Parliament of the United Kingdom Long title An Act to specify certain factors that may be taken into account by a court dete … Wikipedia
compensation — noun /ˌkɒmpɛnˈseɪʃən/ a) The act or principle of compensating. b) That which constitutes, or is regarded as, an equivalent; that which makes good the lack or variation of something else; that which compensates for loss or privation; amends;… … Wiktionary
Non-aggression principle — Part of a series on Libertarianism … Wikipedia
Motion compensation — is an algorithmic technique employed in the encoding of video data for video compression, for example in the generation of MPEG 2 files. Motion compensation describes a picture in terms of the transformation of a reference picture to the current… … Wikipedia