-
1 men-
4 vb. "go" VT47:11, cf. VT42:30, VT49:23, attested in the aorist menë in the sentence imbi Menel Cemenyë menë Ráno tië "between Heaven and Earth goes the path of the Moon". In the verb nanwen- return or go/come back, -men- is changed to -wen- following nan- back etymological form cited as nan-men-, PE17:166. In examples from VT49:23, 24, Tolkien used men- in the sense of go as far as: 1st person sg. aorist menin menin coaryanna I arrive at or come/get to his house, endingless aorist menë, present tense ména- is on point of arrival, is just coming to an end, past tense mennë arrived, reached, in this tense usually with locative rather than allative mennen sís I arrived here, perfect eménië has just arrived, future menuva will arrive. All of these examples were first written with the verb as ten- rather than men-, Tolkien then emending the initial consonant. -
2 axë
ks noun neck the bony part of the neck, not including throat, pl. axi given. Also sg. acas the alternative form axë is said to be later and seems to be an analogical back-formation from the pl. axi. The word is also used geographically of rock ridges. PE17:92 -
3 quer-
vb. turn transitive, attested as pa.t. quernë VT49:18-20. Compare kuere kwere as one variant of a stem meaning turn PE14:65. English intransitive to turn requires a reflexive pronoun in Quenya: mo quernë immo *one turned oneself VT49:6, in idiomatic English simply one turned. Passive participle \#querna turned, isolated from nuquerna q.v. *"under-turned" = reversed, turned upside down. Also in númenquerna *turned westward VT49:18, nanquernë *turned back, pl. form of *nanquerna VT49:17-18, 20 -
4 Nando
1 pl. Nandor noun name of the Green-elves Laiquendi. The primitive word ¤ndandō, whence Quenya Nando, implied "one who goes back on his word or decision", since the Nandor left the March from Cuiviénen to Aman. Adj. Nandorin. WJ:412, VT48:32 -
5 arya
1 adj. excelling, used as the comparative form of mára good, hence *better PE17:57. The superlative *best is i arya with the article, with genitive to express *the best of Cf. mára. 3 noun "twelve hours, day" ARsup1/sup; compare aurë. In deleted notes this word was also used as an adjective: "of the day, light" VT45:6. Still according to VT45:6, arya is also the name of Tengwa \#26 in the pre-classical Tengwar system presupposed in the Etymologies, but Tolkien would later call \#26 arda instead indeed arya was changed from arda in the source; Tolkien would later change his mind back again. The abandoned name arya suggests that the letter was to have the value ry rather than rd as in the classical system outlined in LotR Appendix E. Since the word for day daylight period is given as aurë in later sources, and arya is assigned other meanings in late material see \#1, 2 above, the conceptual validity of arya day is questionable.%
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