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41 maneuver
маневр; фигура ( пилотажа) ; pl. маневры; маневрировать; выполнять маневрcombined aerodynamic-propulsive orbital plane change maneuver — комбинированный маневр для поворота [изменения] плоскости орбиты с использованием тяги двигателя и аэродинамических сил
lazy-8 maneuver — фигура «ленивая восьмёрка (горизонтальная восьмёрка с попеременными наборами и снижениями при каждом изменении направления на 90°)
zero ground speed maneuver — верт. маневр на месте [при нулевой путевой скорости]
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42 Sperry, Elmer Ambrose
[br]b. 21 October 1860 Cincinnatus, Cortland County, New York, USAd. 16 June 1930 Brooklyn, New York, USA[br]American entrepreneur who invented the gyrocompass.[br]Sperry was born into a farming community in Cortland County. He received a rudimentary education at the local school, but an interest in mechanical devices was aroused by the agricultural machinery he saw around him. His attendance at the Normal School in Cortland provided a useful theoretical background to his practical knowledge. He emerged in 1880 with an urge to pursue invention in electrical engineering, then a new and growing branch of technology. Within two years he was able to patent and demonstrate his arc lighting system, complete with its own generator, incorporating new methods of regulating its output. The Sperry Electric Light, Motor and Car Brake Company was set up to make and market the system, but it was difficult to keep pace with electric-lighting developments such as the incandescent lamp and alternating current, and the company ceased in 1887 and was replaced by the Sperry Electric Company, which itself was taken over by the General Electric Company.In the 1890s Sperry made useful inventions in electric mining machinery and then in electric street-or tramcars, with his patent electric brake and control system. The patents for the brake were important enough to be bought by General Electric. From 1894 to 1900 he was manufacturing electric motor cars of his own design, and in 1900 he set up a laboratory in Washington, where he pursued various electrochemical processes.In 1896 he began to work on the practical application of the principle of the gyroscope, where Sperry achieved his most notable inventions, the first of which was the gyrostabilizer for ships. The relatively narrow-hulled steamship rolled badly in heavy seas and in 1904 Ernst Otto Schuck, a German naval engineer, and Louis Brennan in England began experiments to correct this; their work stimulated Sperry to develop his own device. In 1908 he patented the active gyrostabilizer, which acted to correct a ship's roll as soon as it started. Three years later the US Navy agreed to try it on a destroyer, the USS Worden. The successful trials of the following year led to widespread adoption. Meanwhile, in 1910, Sperry set up the Sperry Gyroscope Company to extend the application to commercial shipping.At the same time, Sperry was working to apply the gyroscope principle to the ship's compass. The magnetic compass had worked well in wooden ships, but iron hulls and electrical machinery confused it. The great powers' race to build up their navies instigated an urgent search for a solution. In Germany, Anschütz-Kämpfe (1872–1931) in 1903 tested a form of gyrocompass and was encouraged by the authorities to demonstrate the device on the German flagship, the Deutschland. Its success led Sperry to develop his own version: fortunately for him, the US Navy preferred a home-grown product to a German one and gave Sperry all the backing he needed. A successful trial on a destroyer led to widespread acceptance in the US Navy, and Sperry was soon receiving orders from the British Admiralty and the Russian Navy.In the rapidly developing field of aeronautics, automatic stabilization was becoming an urgent need. In 1912 Sperry began work on a gyrostabilizer for aircraft. Two years later he was able to stage a spectacular demonstration of such a device at an air show near Paris.Sperry continued research, development and promotion in military and aviation technology almost to the last. In 1926 he sold the Sperry Gyroscope Company to enable him to devote more time to invention.[br]Principal Honours and DistinctionsJohn Fritz Medal 1927. President, American Society of Mechanical Engineers 1928.BibliographySperry filed over 400 patents, of which two can be singled out: 1908. US patent no. 434,048 (ship gyroscope); 1909. US patent no. 519,533 (ship gyrocompass set).Further ReadingT.P.Hughes, 1971, Elmer Sperry, Inventor and Engineer, Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press (a full and well-documented biography, with lists of his patents and published writings).LRD -
43 WEEE (Waste Electrical and Electronic Equipment) directive 2002/96/EC
- директива 2002/96/EC по отходам электрического и электронного оборудования (WEEE)
директива 2002/96/EC по отходам электрического и электронного оборудования (WEEE)
-Параллельные тексты EN-RU
WEEE (Waste Electrical and Electronic Equipment) directive 2002/96/EC
The main purpose of the WEEE directive is the prevention of Waste Electrical and Electronic Equipment (WEEE) and its re-use, recycling and any other form of recovery so as to reduce the amount of waste for disposal. This directive applies to products sold in the European Union after 13/08/2005.
The WEEE directive concerns electrical and electronic equipment with an operating voltage of less than 1000 V and which is included in the following 10 equipment categories listed below:
- Large household appliances
- Small household appliances
- IT and telecommunications equipment
- Consumer equipment
- Lighting equipment
- Electrical and electronic tools
- Toys
- Medical equipment
- Control and monitoring equipment
- Automatic dispensers
[Legrand]Директива 2002/96/EC по отходам электрического и электронного оборудования (WEEE)
Основная задача директивы WEEE – предотвращение образования отходов электрического и электронного оборудования (WEEE) и обеспечение повторного использования, переработки и других форм восстановления таких отходов с целью уменьшения объема утилизируемых отходов. Директива распространяется на товары, продаваемые в странах Европейского Союза после 13 августа 2005 года. Директива WEEE затрагивает электрическое и электронное оборудование на номинальное напряжением до 1000 В, относящееся к одной из следующих 10 категорий:
- крупная бытовая техника;
- мелкая бытовая техника;
- сетевое и телекоммуникационное оборудование;
- бытовая аппаратура;
- осветительное оборудование;
- электрические и электронные приборы;
- игрушки;
- медицинское оборудование;
- оборудование для контроля и мониторинга;
- автоматические дозаторы.
[Перевод Интент]EN
- WEEE (Waste Electrical and Electronic Equipment) directive 2002/96/EC
- WEEE directive
Англо-русский словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > WEEE (Waste Electrical and Electronic Equipment) directive 2002/96/EC
-
44 WEEE directive
- директива 2002/96/EC по отходам электрического и электронного оборудования (WEEE)
директива 2002/96/EC по отходам электрического и электронного оборудования (WEEE)
-Параллельные тексты EN-RU
WEEE (Waste Electrical and Electronic Equipment) directive 2002/96/EC
The main purpose of the WEEE directive is the prevention of Waste Electrical and Electronic Equipment (WEEE) and its re-use, recycling and any other form of recovery so as to reduce the amount of waste for disposal. This directive applies to products sold in the European Union after 13/08/2005.
The WEEE directive concerns electrical and electronic equipment with an operating voltage of less than 1000 V and which is included in the following 10 equipment categories listed below:
- Large household appliances
- Small household appliances
- IT and telecommunications equipment
- Consumer equipment
- Lighting equipment
- Electrical and electronic tools
- Toys
- Medical equipment
- Control and monitoring equipment
- Automatic dispensers
[Legrand]Директива 2002/96/EC по отходам электрического и электронного оборудования (WEEE)
Основная задача директивы WEEE – предотвращение образования отходов электрического и электронного оборудования (WEEE) и обеспечение повторного использования, переработки и других форм восстановления таких отходов с целью уменьшения объема утилизируемых отходов. Директива распространяется на товары, продаваемые в странах Европейского Союза после 13 августа 2005 года. Директива WEEE затрагивает электрическое и электронное оборудование на номинальное напряжением до 1000 В, относящееся к одной из следующих 10 категорий:
- крупная бытовая техника;
- мелкая бытовая техника;
- сетевое и телекоммуникационное оборудование;
- бытовая аппаратура;
- осветительное оборудование;
- электрические и электронные приборы;
- игрушки;
- медицинское оборудование;
- оборудование для контроля и мониторинга;
- автоматические дозаторы.
[Перевод Интент]EN
- WEEE (Waste Electrical and Electronic Equipment) directive 2002/96/EC
- WEEE directive
Англо-русский словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > WEEE directive
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