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101 arrival
1. n приезд, прибытиеarrival platform — платформа, к которой прибывает поезд
2. n получение3. n принятие, достижение4. n вновь прибывшийnew arrival — только что прибывший ; новый приезжий
5. n шутл. новорождённый6. n спорт. приход к финишуСинонимический ряд:1. advent (noun) accession; advent; alighting; appearance; coming; entrance; entry; ingress; landing2. attainment (noun) accomplishment; achievement; attainment; feat; fulfillment; fulfilment; reaching3. person arriving (noun) arriver; arriving passenger; caller; comer; guest; newcomer; passenger; person arriving; tourist; traveller; visitor4. success (noun) flying colors; go; prosperity; success; successfulnessАнтонимический ряд: -
102 reaching
Синонимический ряд:1. attainment (noun) accomplishment; achievement; arrival; attainment; feat; fulfillment2. approaching (verb) approaching3. arriving (verb) arriving; get in; pull in; show up; turn up4. coming (verb) coming; contacting; getting; getting in; showing; showing up; turning up5. gaining (verb) accomplishing; achieving; attaining; gaining; racking up; realising; realizing; scoring; winning6. going (verb) carrying; extending; going; leading; making; outstretching; running; stretching7. numbering (verb) aggregating; amounting; numbering; running; totalling8. passing (verb) bucking; handing; passing -
103 достижение цели
Большой англо-русский и русско-английский словарь > достижение цели
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104 навык
муж.;
(к чему-л.;
на чему-л.;
в чем-л.) experience;
skill( в практической работе) ;
(acquired) habit;
practice;
мн. attainment приобретенные навыки ≈ acquirements трудовые навыки практические навыки культурные навыки приобрести навыкм. skill;
мн. practical knowledge sg. ;
приобретать новые ~и acquire new skills;
трудовые ~и skills. -
105 образовательная подготовка
Большой англо-русский и русско-английский словарь > образовательная подготовка
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106 accomplishment
əˈkɔmplɪʃmənt сущ.
1) выполнение;
завершение, исполнение He wished Mr Carden success in the accomplishment of his highly important mission. ≈ Он пожелал мистеру Кардену успеха в выполнении его чрезвычайно важной миссии. Syn: fulfilment, execution
2) достижение, успех By any standards, the accomplishments of the past year are extraordinary. ≈ По всем меркам достижения последнего года превосходны. It was a real accomplishment to defeat them. ≈ Нанести им поражение было действительно победой. Syn: achievement, progress, attainment
3) мн. образованность;
воспитание;
достоинства;
внешний лоск a man of many accomplishments ≈ человек, обладающий многими достоинствами
4) благоустройствовыполнение, завершение;
- * of desires исполнение желаний;
- difficult of * трудновыполнимый достижение;
- *s of scientists открытия ученых;
достижения науки;
- the teacher was proud of her pupil's *s учительница гордилась успехами своих учеников достоинства, совершенства;
- a man of many *s человек, обладающий многими достоинствами;
- inspite of all her *s несмотря на все ее достоинства;
- good marksmanship is usually a manly * меткими стрелками обычно бывают мужчины( устаревшее) достоинства благовоспитанной девицы;
умение играть на фортепиано, рисовать, танцевать и т. п.accomplishment благоустройство ~ выполнение;
завершение ~ выполнение ~ достижение ~ завершение ~ исполнение ~ pl образованность;
воспитание;
достоинства;
внешний лоск ~ реализацияБольшой англо-русский и русско-английский словарь > accomplishment
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107 acquirement
əˈkwaɪəmənt сущ.
1) приобретение, получение( знаний, навыков и т. п.)
2) мн. умение, знания, навыки (полученные в результате длительных усилий) Syn: attainmentприобретение привычек, навыков;
овладение знаниями знание, навык, умение ( благоприобретенное) - her musical *s are unusual for a girl of her age ее музыкальная подготовка удивительна для девочки такого возрастаacquirement овладение ~ приобретение;
овладение ~ приобретение ~ pl приобретенные знания, навыкиБольшой англо-русский и русско-английский словарь > acquirement
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108 acquisition
ˌækwɪˈzɪʃən сущ.
1) приобретение (процесс) the President's recent acquisition of a helicopter ≈ недавнее приобретение вертолета президентом Syn: purchase
2) приобретение (часто ценное, существенное), завоевание recent acquisitions of the library ≈ новые поступления библиотеки She pulled my latest acquisition from the bottom shelf and gazed at the cover. ≈ Она вытащила мое последнее приобретение с нижней полки и уставилась на переплет. Acquisitions made by the arms of the State belong to the State alone. ≈ Завоевания Вооруженных сил государства принадлежат Государству и никому более. Syn: purchase
3) овладение language acquisition ≈ овладение языком acquisition of knowledge ≈ приобретение знаний Syn: attainmentприобретение (действие) - * of land приобретение земель - * cost (экономика) первоначальная стоимость приобретение, что-л. приобретенное - this picture is one of my recent *s эта картина - одно из моих последних приобретений;
- he is a valuable * to the team он ценное приобретение для команды комплектование - * department отдел комплектования овладение - * of language овладение языком (специальное) обнаружение и сопровождение объекта;
засечка сбор информации, данных - * range (космонавтика) зона радиовидимости - * zone (космонавтика) зона связиacquisition вступление во владение ~ овладение ~ покупка ~ приобретение (часто ценное, существенное) ;
recent acquisitions of the library новые поступления библиотеки ~ приобретение (процесс) ;
acquisition of knowledge приобретение знаний ~ приобретение ~ сбор (информации) ~ сбор данных~ of equity capital приобретение капитала в форме акций ~ of equity capital приобретение собственного капитала~ of financial fixed assets приобретение фиксированных финансовых активов~ of goods приобретение товаров~ of income получение дохода~ приобретение (процесс) ;
acquisition of knowledge приобретение знаний~ of right приобретение права~ of subsidiary приобретение дочерней компании~ of tangible fixed assets приобретение материальных фиксированных активов~ of title by extinguishing title of another получение правового титула вследствие ликвидации прежнего титулаassets ~ приобретение активовdata ~ вчт. сбор данных data ~ сбор данныхderivative ~ производное приобретениеinitial ~ первоначальное приобретениеknowledge ~ вчт. приобретение знанийland ~ приобретение земельной собственностиlawful ~ законное приобретениеlegal ~ законное приобретениеmultiple ~ вчт. децентрализованный сбор данныхnew ~ новое приобретениеpost ~ после приобретенияproperty ~ приобретение недвижимостиreal estate ~ приобретение недвижимостиreal property ~ приобретение недвижимости~ приобретение (часто ценное, существенное) ;
recent acquisitions of the library новые поступления библиотекиshare ~ приобретение акцийБольшой англо-русский и русско-английский словарь > acquisition
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109 promise
ˈprɔmɪs
1. сущ.
1) обещание to go back on one's promise ≈ не сдержать обещания to fulfill one's promise ≈ сдержать обещание, исполнять обещанное to renege on, repudiate a promise ≈ отказываться от обязательства She made a promise to write every week. ≈ Она обещала писать каждую неделю. They kept their promise that the debt would be repaid promptly. ≈ Они сдержали слово и выплатили долг вовремя. broken promise campaign promise empty promise hollow promise rash promise sacred promise solemn promise
2) а) перспектива, вид, ракурс. проекция б) залог( чего-л.), надежда( на что-л.) This scholarship is given for promise, rather than for attainment. ≈ Грант дается в надежде (на результаты в будущем), а не за уже существующие достижения. Syn: pledge
1., earnest II, forerunner ∙ land of promise
2. гл.
1) обещать, давать обещание I've promised the next dance to Jim. ≈ Следующий танец я обещала Джиму.
2) разг., уст. уверять Syn: assure, warrant
2.
3) а) подавать надежды б) сулить, предвещать, быть знаком( чего-л.) Dark clouds promise rain. ≈ Темное небо предвещает дождь. From what little I've seen of your book so far, I would say that it promises well. ≈ Та небольшая часть твоей книги, которую мне удалось прочесть, говорит о том, что должно получиться неплохо.
4) диал. обещать руку и сердце, обручиться Syn: betroth обещание - conditional * (юридическое) условное обещание или обязательство - parole * устное обещание то, что обещано, обещанное - I claim your * я требую то, что вы обещали перспектива, надежда - a youth of great * многообещающий юноша, юноша, подающий надежды > the Land of P. (библеизм) земля обетованная > * is debt давши слово, держись > *s are (like piecrust) made to be broken обещания не долговечнее корки пирога;
на то и обещания, чтобы их нарушать обещать;
давать обещание, обязательство, обязываться - to * money обещать деньги - he always *s readily он всегда охотно дает обещания (разговорное) уверять - I * you уверяю вас - it was not so easy, I * you поверьте, это было не так легко подавать надежды;
сулить, предвещать - the weather *s large crops такая погода сулит хороший урожай > * little but do much поменьше обещай, побольше делай > he *s mountains and performs molehills он горазд на обещания;
наобещает с три короба, а не сделает почти ничего binding ~ обязывающее обещание break a ~ нарушать обещание to keep one's ~ сдержать обещание, исполнять обещанное;
to break( или to go back on) one's promise не сдержать обещания campaign ~ предвыборное обещание ~ обещание;
to give (или to make) a promise обещать a pupil of ~ in music ученик, подающий большие надежды в музыке;
to give (или to show) promise подавать надежды gratuitous ~ обязательство без встречного удовлетворения to hold out ~s сулить, обещать;
the land of promise библ. земля обетованная ~ разг. уверять;
I promise you уверяю вас implied ~ подразумеваемое обещание ineffective ~ пустое обещание to keep one's ~ сдержать обещание, исполнять обещанное;
to break (или to go back on) one's promise не сдержать обещания to hold out ~s сулить, обещать;
the land of promise библ. земля обетованная promise брать обязательство ~ давать обещание ~ договорная обязанность ~ надежда ~ обещание;
to give (или to make) a promise обещать ~ обещание ~ обещать ~ перспектива;
a young man of promise многообещающий молодой человек ~ перспектива ~ подавать надежды, сулить ~ разг. уверять;
I promise you уверяю вас ~ of gift обещание субсидии ~ of guarantee обещание гарантии ~ of payment обещание платежа ~ to pay a debt обещание уплатить долг ~ to perform an agreement обещание выполнить соглашение a pupil of ~ in music ученик, подающий большие надежды в музыке;
to give (или to show) promise подавать надежды standing ~ постоянное обязательство ~ перспектива;
a young man of promise многообещающий молодой человек -
110 help
1. [help] n1. помощьwith the help of smb. - с чьей-л. помощью
with the help of smth. - при помощи чего-л.
to be of little help - приносить мало пользы; мало помогать
to lend effective help to smb. - оказать кому-л. действенную помощь
to come to smb. 's help - прийти кому-л. на помощь
can I be of any help (to you) - могу ли я помочь (вам) чем-нибудь /быть (вам) полезным/?
2. помощникit's difficult to get help these days - в наше время очень трудно найти помощника по хозяйству
2) собир. работники, служащие4. средство, спасениеthe medicine was a help - лекарство подействовало /помогло/
a situation for which there was no help - положение, из которого не было выхода
the poor woman was beyond /past/ help - бедной женщине уже ничто не могло помочь
5. разг. см. helping 16. вчт. подсказка, диалоговая документация2. [help] vI1. помогать, оказывать помощьto help up - поддержать кого-л., помочь встать /подняться/ кому-л.
to help smb. with one's advice - помочь кому-л. советом
to help smb. (to) do smth. - помочь кому-л. сделать что-л.
help! - помогите!; на помощь!
help! I'm late! - боже, как я опаздываю!
will you help me (to) do this problem? - помогите мне, пожалуйста, решить эту задачу
that doesn't help much - это не особенно помогает; от этого мало пользы
help me across the street [over the fence] - помогите мне перейти улицу [перелезть через забор]
this clue helped me to find the solution - этот ключ помог мне найти разгадку
he helps his father a great deal - он очень помогает своему отцу (материально)
2. способствовать, содействоватьto help matters, we had a puncture - ирон. для полного счастья /в довершение всего/, у нас случился прокол
II АI want a spoon to help the gravy with - мне нужна ложка, чтобы разлить соус
2. облегчать (боль, страдание и т. п.)to help a cough - смягчить кашель; вылечивать кашель
II Б1. to help smb. to smth. угощать кого-л. чем-л.may I help you to some more wine? - можно налить вам ещё вина?
2. to help oneself to smth.1) угощаться чем-л.; брать себе (кушанье, напитки)she helped herself to some grapes - она положила себе (на тарелку) винограда
help yourself! - возьмите, пожалуйста!; кушайте, пожалуйста, не стесняйтесь!
2) выбирать, братьmay I take a book? - Help yourself - можно взять книгу (почитать)? - Возьмите, пожалуйста /Выбирайте сами/
one must help oneself, as there is no salesman here - надо выбирать самому, так как здесь нет продавца
3) разг. украсть, стащить; присвоить, прикарманить3. 1) to help smb. into smth. помочь кому-л. войти куда-л.2) to help smb. out of smth. помочь кому-л. выйти откуда-л.4. 1) to help smb. into his clothes помочь кому-л. надеть одежду2) to help smb. on with his clothes помочь кому-л. надеть одеждуwill you help me on with my coat? - помогите мне, пожалуйста, надеть пиджак
3) to help smb. off with his clothes помочь кому-л. снять одеждуplease help me off with these damp clothes - помогите мне, пожалуйста, снять эту сырую одежду
I can't help it - я ничего не могу поделать; это не моя вина
I can't help the rain - я не виноват в том, что идёт дождь
I can't help his bad manners - я ничего не могу поделать с его невоспитанностью
things we cannot help - обстоятельства, которым нельзя помешать
2) cannot help doing smth. быть не в состоянии удержаться от чего-л.I can't help his being so foolish - он делает глупости, а я ничего не могу с ним поделать
he could not help laughing [crying] - он не мог удержаться от смеха [от слёз], он не мог не расхохотаться [не расплакаться]
I can't help thinking he's wrong - я не могу отделаться от мысли (о том), что он не прав
3) cannot help but do smth. быть не в состоянии удержаться от того, чтобы не сделать что-л.you couldn't help but tell him what happened - было просто невозможно не рассказать ему, что произошло
4) cannot help oneself быть не в состоянии удержаться (от чего-л.)she tried to be serious, but she couldn't help herself and burst out laughing - она попыталась сохранить серьёзный вид, но не удержалась и расхохоталась
6. than one can help не больше, чем требуетсяdon't be longer than you can help - не задерживайтесь дольше, чем надо
don't tell him more than you can help - скажите ему только то, что совершенно необходимо; не говорите ему лишнего
♢
so help me (God) - ей-богу, хотите верьте, хотите нет
dressed, so help me, in pink tights - одетый, ей-богу, не вру, в розовое трико
to help a lame dog over a stile - ≅ помочь кому-л. в беде
God helps him who helps himself - ≅ на бога надейся, а сам не плошай
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111 achievement test
псих., упр. = attainment test -
112 acquisition
сущ.1)а) эк приобретение ( как процесс); покупка, закупкаto make an acquisition — сделать приобретение, приобрести
acquisition negotiations — переговоры о закупке [приобретении\]
Syn:See:б) общ. приобретение (что-л. приобретенное)в) общ. овладение, приобретение, получение (знаний, опыта, прав и т. п.)acquisition of right — приобретение [получение\] права
data [information\] acquisition — получение [сбор\] данных
Syn:2) аквизиция, приобретениеа) фин., учет ( приобретение контрольного пакета акций компании)See:, purchase acquisition, acquisition accounting, acquisition premium, acquirer, acquiree, absorption, takeover 2), amalgamation 1), merger 2), management buy-out, leveraged buy-out, target company, acquiring company, bear hug, contingent contract, direct equity investmentб) страх. ( заключение страховщиком новых договоров страхования)See:acquisition cost 2) acquirer 3)
* * *
1) приобретение, покупка; 2) поглощение компании путем приобретения контрольного пакета ее акций; см. merger; 3) привлечение новых клиентов, счетов с помощью рекламы, маркетинга.* * *Приобретение, покупка, поглощение. Одна компания покупает (поглощает) другую . Словарь экономических терминов .* * *Ценные бумаги/Биржевая деятельность1. приобретение компании (предприятия) путем скупки на бирже ее акций, проводимое с ее ведома2. скупка акций компании без ее согласия -
113 AGIL
соц. AGIL, Эйджил (схема основ социальной системы с точки зрения ее структуры и функций, предложенная Т. Парсонсом, в которой выделяются такие структурные элементы (блоки) как экономика (функция адаптации), политика (функция целедостижения), право (функция интеграции) и социализация (функция воспроизводства латентного образца); название образовано по первым буквам английских слов, обозначающих соответствующие функции: adaptation, goal, integration, latency)AGIL-scheme, AGIL-model — схема [модель\] AGIL
See: -
114 aptitude test
1) упр. проверка [тест\] на профпригодность [профессиональную пригодность\] ( обычно проводится при приеме на работу)See:2) общ. проверка способностей (учащегося с целью определения целесообразности соответствующего курса обучения)* * * -
115 labour queue
соц., эк. тр. "трудовая очередь" (концепция, основывающаяся на предположении о том, что работодатели ранжируют нанимаемых в соответствии с уровнем их профессиональной подготовки)See:attainment 1) -
116 work sample test
эк. тр. квалификационный тест, тест моделирования работы* (моделирование рабочей ситуации, для того чтобы оценить навыки и способности кандидата на должность; кандидаты выполняют действия, имеющие непосредственное отношение к работе и доступные для наблюдения)See: -
117 near cash
!гос. фин. The resource budget contains a separate control total for “near cash” expenditure, that is expenditure such as pay and current grants which impacts directly on the measure of the golden rule.This paper provides background information on the framework for the planning and control of public expenditure in the UK which has been operated since the 1998 Comprehensive Spending Review (CSR). It sets out the different classifications of spending for budgeting purposes and why these distinctions have been adopted. It discusses how the public expenditure framework is designed to ensure both sound public finances and an outcome-focused approach to public expenditure.The UK's public spending framework is based on several key principles:"consistency with a long-term, prudent and transparent regime for managing the public finances as a whole;" "the judgement of success by policy outcomes rather than resource inputs;" "strong incentives for departments and their partners in service delivery to plan over several years and plan together where appropriate so as to deliver better public services with greater cost effectiveness; and"the proper costing and management of capital assets to provide the right incentives for public investment.The Government sets policy to meet two firm fiscal rules:"the Golden Rule states that over the economic cycle, the Government will borrow only to invest and not to fund current spending; and"the Sustainable Investment Rule states that net public debt as a proportion of GDP will be held over the economic cycle at a stable and prudent level. Other things being equal, net debt will be maintained below 40 per cent of GDP over the economic cycle.Achievement of the fiscal rules is assessed by reference to the national accounts, which are produced by the Office for National Statistics, acting as an independent agency. The Government sets its spending envelope to comply with these fiscal rules.Departmental Expenditure Limits ( DEL) and Annually Managed Expenditure (AME)"Departmental Expenditure Limit ( DEL) spending, which is planned and controlled on a three year basis in Spending Reviews; and"Annually Managed Expenditure ( AME), which is expenditure which cannot reasonably be subject to firm, multi-year limits in the same way as DEL. AME includes social security benefits, local authority self-financed expenditure, debt interest, and payments to EU institutions.More information about DEL and AME is set out below.In Spending Reviews, firm DEL plans are set for departments for three years. To ensure consistency with the Government's fiscal rules departments are set separate resource (current) and capital budgets. The resource budget contains a separate control total for “near cash” expenditure, that is expenditure such as pay and current grants which impacts directly on the measure of the golden rule.To encourage departments to plan over the medium term departments may carry forward unspent DEL provision from one year into the next and, subject to the normal tests for tautness and realism of plans, may be drawn down in future years. This end-year flexibility also removes any incentive for departments to use up their provision as the year end approaches with less regard to value for money. For the full benefits of this flexibility and of three year plans to feed through into improved public service delivery, end-year flexibility and three year budgets should be cascaded from departments to executive agencies and other budget holders.Three year budgets and end-year flexibility give those managing public services the stability to plan their operations on a sensible time scale. Further, the system means that departments cannot seek to bid up funds each year (before 1997, three year plans were set and reviewed in annual Public Expenditure Surveys). So the credibility of medium-term plans has been enhanced at both central and departmental level.Departments have certainty over the budgetary allocation over the medium term and these multi-year DEL plans are strictly enforced. Departments are expected to prioritise competing pressures and fund these within their overall annual limits, as set in Spending Reviews. So the DEL system provides a strong incentive to control costs and maximise value for money.There is a small centrally held DEL Reserve. Support from the Reserve is available only for genuinely unforeseeable contingencies which departments cannot be expected to manage within their DEL.AME typically consists of programmes which are large, volatile and demand-led, and which therefore cannot reasonably be subject to firm multi-year limits. The biggest single element is social security spending. Other items include tax credits, Local Authority Self Financed Expenditure, Scottish Executive spending financed by non-domestic rates, and spending financed from the proceeds of the National Lottery.AME is reviewed twice a year as part of the Budget and Pre-Budget Report process reflecting the close integration of the tax and benefit system, which was enhanced by the introduction of tax credits.AME is not subject to the same three year expenditure limits as DEL, but is still part of the overall envelope for public expenditure. Affordability is taken into account when policy decisions affecting AME are made. The Government has committed itself not to take policy measures which are likely to have the effect of increasing social security or other elements of AME without taking steps to ensure that the effects of those decisions can be accommodated prudently within the Government's fiscal rules.Given an overall envelope for public spending, forecasts of AME affect the level of resources available for DEL spending. Cautious estimates and the AME margin are built in to these AME forecasts and reduce the risk of overspending on AME.Together, DEL plus AME sum to Total Managed Expenditure (TME). TME is a measure drawn from national accounts. It represents the current and capital spending of the public sector. The public sector is made up of central government, local government and public corporations.Resource and Capital Budgets are set in terms of accruals information. Accruals information measures resources as they are consumed rather than when the cash is paid. So for example the Resource Budget includes a charge for depreciation, a measure of the consumption or wearing out of capital assets."Non cash charges in budgets do not impact directly on the fiscal framework. That may be because the national accounts use a different way of measuring the same thing, for example in the case of the depreciation of departmental assets. Or it may be that the national accounts measure something different: for example, resource budgets include a cost of capital charge reflecting the opportunity cost of holding capital; the national accounts include debt interest."Within the Resource Budget DEL, departments have separate controls on:"Near cash spending, the sub set of Resource Budgets which impacts directly on the Golden Rule; and"The amount of their Resource Budget DEL that departments may spend on running themselves (e.g. paying most civil servants’ salaries) is limited by Administration Budgets, which are set in Spending Reviews. Administration Budgets are used to ensure that as much money as practicable is available for front line services and programmes. These budgets also help to drive efficiency improvements in departments’ own activities. Administration Budgets exclude the costs of frontline services delivered directly by departments.The Budget preceding a Spending Review sets an overall envelope for public spending that is consistent with the fiscal rules for the period covered by the Spending Review. In the Spending Review, the Budget AME forecast for year one of the Spending Review period is updated, and AME forecasts are made for the later years of the Spending Review period.The 1998 Comprehensive Spending Review ( CSR), which was published in July 1998, was a comprehensive review of departmental aims and objectives alongside a zero-based analysis of each spending programme to determine the best way of delivering the Government's objectives. The 1998 CSR allocated substantial additional resources to the Government's key priorities, particularly education and health, for the three year period from 1999-2000 to 2001-02.Delivering better public services does not just depend on how much money the Government spends, but also on how well it spends it. Therefore the 1998 CSR introduced Public Service Agreements (PSAs). Each major government department was given its own PSA setting out clear targets for achievements in terms of public service improvements.The 1998 CSR also introduced the DEL/ AME framework for the control of public spending, and made other framework changes. Building on the investment and reforms delivered by the 1998 CSR, successive spending reviews in 2000, 2002 and 2004 have:"provided significant increase in resources for the Government’s priorities, in particular health and education, and cross-cutting themes such as raising productivity; extending opportunity; and building strong and secure communities;" "enabled the Government significantly to increase investment in public assets and address the legacy of under investment from past decades. Departmental Investment Strategies were introduced in SR2000. As a result there has been a steady increase in public sector net investment from less than ¾ of a per cent of GDP in 1997-98 to 2¼ per cent of GDP in 2005-06, providing better infrastructure across public services;" "introduced further refinements to the performance management framework. PSA targets have been reduced in number over successive spending reviews from around 300 to 110 to give greater focus to the Government’s highest priorities. The targets have become increasingly outcome-focused to deliver further improvements in key areas of public service delivery across Government. They have also been refined in line with the conclusions of the Devolving Decision Making Review to provide a framework which encourages greater devolution and local flexibility. Technical Notes were introduced in SR2000 explaining how performance against each PSA target will be measured; and"not only allocated near cash spending to departments, but also – since SR2002 - set Resource DEL plans for non cash spending.To identify what further investments and reforms are needed to equip the UK for the global challenges of the decade ahead, on 19 July 2005 the Chief Secretary to the Treasury announced that the Government intends to launch a second Comprehensive Spending Review (CSR) reporting in 2007.A decade on from the first CSR, the 2007 CSR will represent a long-term and fundamental review of government expenditure. It will cover departmental allocations for 2008-09, 2009-10 and 2010 11. Allocations for 2007-08 will be held to the agreed figures already announced by the 2004 Spending Review. To provide a rigorous analytical framework for these departmental allocations, the Government will be taking forward a programme of preparatory work over 2006 involving:"an assessment of what the sustained increases in spending and reforms to public service delivery have achieved since the first CSR. The assessment will inform the setting of new objectives for the decade ahead;" "an examination of the key long-term trends and challenges that will shape the next decade – including demographic and socio-economic change, globalisation, climate and environmental change, global insecurity and technological change – together with an assessment of how public services will need to respond;" "to release the resources needed to address these challenges, and to continue to secure maximum value for money from public spending over the CSR period, a set of zero-based reviews of departments’ baseline expenditure to assess its effectiveness in delivering the Government’s long-term objectives; together with"further development of the efficiency programme, building on the cross cutting areas identified in the Gershon Review, to embed and extend ongoing efficiency savings into departmental expenditure planning.The 2007 CSR also offers the opportunity to continue to refine the PSA framework so that it drives effective delivery and the attainment of ambitious national standards.Public Service Agreements (PSAs) were introduced in the 1998 CSR. They set out agreed targets detailing the outputs and outcomes departments are expected to deliver with the resources allocated to them. The new spending regime places a strong emphasis on outcome targets, for example in providing for better health and higher educational standards or service standards. The introduction in SR2004 of PSA ‘standards’ will ensure that high standards in priority areas are maintained.The Government monitors progress against PSA targets, and departments report in detail twice a year in their annual Departmental Reports (published in spring) and in their autumn performance reports. These reports provide Parliament and the public with regular updates on departments’ performance against their targets.Technical Notes explain how performance against each PSA target will be measured.To make the most of both new investment and existing assets, there needs to be a coherent long term strategy against which investment decisions are taken. Departmental Investment Strategies (DIS) set out each department's plans to deliver the scale and quality of capital stock needed to underpin its objectives. The DIS includes information about the department's existing capital stock and future plans for that stock, as well as plans for new investment. It also sets out the systems that the department has in place to ensure that it delivers its capital programmes effectively.This document was updated on 19 December 2005.Near-cash resource expenditure that has a related cash implication, even though the timing of the cash payment may be slightly different. For example, expenditure on gas or electricity supply is incurred as the fuel is used, though the cash payment might be made in arrears on aquarterly basis. Other examples of near-cash expenditure are: pay, rental.Net cash requirement the upper limit agreed by Parliament on the cash which a department may draw from theConsolidated Fund to finance the expenditure within the ambit of its Request forResources. It is equal to the agreed amount of net resources and net capital less non-cashitems and working capital.Non-cash cost costs where there is no cash transaction but which are included in a body’s accounts (or taken into account in charging for a service) to establish the true cost of all the resourcesused.Non-departmental a body which has a role in the processes of government, but is not a government public body, NDPBdepartment or part of one. NDPBs accordingly operate at arm’s length from governmentMinisters.Notional cost of a cost which is taken into account in setting fees and charges to improve comparability with insuranceprivate sector service providers.The charge takes account of the fact that public bodies donot generally pay an insurance premium to a commercial insurer.the independent body responsible for collecting and publishing official statistics about theUK’s society and economy. (At the time of going to print legislation was progressing tochange this body to the Statistics Board).Office of Government an office of the Treasury, with a status similar to that of an agency, which aims to maximise Commerce, OGCthe government’s purchasing power for routine items and combine professional expertiseto bear on capital projects.Office of the the government department responsible for discharging the Paymaster General’s statutoryPaymaster General,responsibilities to hold accounts and make payments for government departments and OPGother public bodies.Orange bookthe informal title for Management of Risks: Principles and Concepts, which is published by theTreasury for the guidance of public sector bodies.Office for NationalStatistics, ONS60Managing Public Money————————————————————————————————————————"GLOSSARYOverdraftan account with a negative balance.Parliament’s formal agreement to authorise an activity or expenditure.Prerogative powerspowers exercisable under the Royal Prerogative, ie powers which are unique to the Crown,as contrasted with common-law powers which may be available to the Crown on the samebasis as to natural persons.Primary legislationActs which have been passed by the Westminster Parliament and, where they haveappropriate powers, the Scottish Parliament and the Northern Ireland Assembly. Begin asBills until they have received Royal Assent.arrangements under which a public sector organisation contracts with a private sectorentity to construct a facility and provide associated services of a specified quality over asustained period. See annex 7.5.Proprietythe principle that patterns of resource consumption should respect Parliament’s intentions,conventions and control procedures, including any laid down by the PAC. See box 2.4.Public Accountssee Committee of Public Accounts.CommitteePublic corporationa trading body controlled by central government, local authority or other publiccorporation that has substantial day to day operating independence. See section 7.8.Public Dividend finance provided by government to public sector bodies as an equity stake; an alternative to Capital, PDCloan finance.Public Service sets out what the public can expect the government to deliver with its resources. EveryAgreement, PSAlarge government department has PSA(s) which specify deliverables as targets or aimsrelated to objectives.a structured arrangement between a public sector and a private sector organisation tosecure an outcome delivering good value for money for the public sector. It is classified tothe public or private sector according to which has more control.Rate of returnthe financial remuneration delivered by a particular project or enterprise, expressed as apercentage of the net assets employed.Regularitythe principle that resource consumption should accord with the relevant legislation, therelevant delegated authority and this document. See box 2.4.Request for the functional level into which departmental Estimates may be split. RfRs contain a number Resources, RfRof functions being carried out by the department in pursuit of one or more of thatdepartment’s objectives.Resource accountan accruals account produced in line with the Financial Reporting Manual (FReM).Resource accountingthe system under which budgets, Estimates and accounts are constructed in a similar wayto commercial audited accounts, so that both plans and records of expenditure allow in fullfor the goods and services which are to be, or have been, consumed – ie not just the cashexpended.Resource budgetthe means by which the government plans and controls the expenditure of resources tomeet its objectives.Restitutiona legal concept which allows money and property to be returned to its rightful owner. Ittypically operates where another person can be said to have been unjustly enriched byreceiving such monies.Return on capital the ratio of profit to capital employed of an accounting entity during an identified period.employed, ROCEVarious measures of profit and of capital employed may be used in calculating the ratio.Public Privatepartnership, PPPPrivate Finance Initiative, PFIParliamentaryauthority61Managing Public Money"————————————————————————————————————————GLOSSARYRoyal charterthe document setting out the powers and constitution of a corporation established underprerogative power of the monarch acting on Privy Council advice.Second readingthe second formal time that a House of Parliament may debate a bill, although in practicethe first substantive debate on its content. If successful, it is deemed to denoteParliamentary approval of the principle of the proposed legislation.Secondary legislationlaws, including orders and regulations, which are made using powers in primary legislation.Normally used to set out technical and administrative provision in greater detail thanprimary legislation, they are subject to a less intense level of scrutiny in Parliament.European legislation is,however,often implemented in secondary legislation using powers inthe European Communities Act 1972.Service-level agreement between parties, setting out in detail the level of service to be performed.agreementWhere agreements are between central government bodies, they are not legally a contractbut have a similar function.Shareholder Executive a body created to improve the government’s performance as a shareholder in businesses.Spending reviewsets out the key improvements in public services that the public can expect over a givenperiod. It includes a thorough review of departmental aims and objectives to find the bestway of delivering the government’s objectives, and sets out the spending plans for the givenperiod.State aidstate support for a domestic body or company which could distort EU competition and sois not usually allowed. See annex 4.9.Statement of Excessa formal statement detailing departments’ overspends prepared by the Comptroller andAuditor General as a result of undertaking annual audits.Statement on Internal an annual statement that Accounting Officers are required to make as part of the accounts Control, SICon a range of risk and control issues.Subheadindividual elements of departmental expenditure identifiable in Estimates as single cells, forexample cell A1 being administration costs within a particular line of departmental spending.Supplyresources voted by Parliament in response to Estimates, for expenditure by governmentdepartments.Supply Estimatesa statement of the resources the government needs in the coming financial year, and forwhat purpose(s), by which Parliamentary authority is sought for the planned level ofexpenditure and income.Target rate of returnthe rate of return required of a project or enterprise over a given period, usually at least a year.Third sectorprivate sector bodies which do not act commercially,including charities,social and voluntaryorganisations and other not-for-profit collectives. See annex 7.7.Total Managed a Treasury budgeting term which covers all current and capital spending carried out by the Expenditure,TMEpublic sector (ie not just by central departments).Trading fundan organisation (either within a government department or forming one) which is largely orwholly financed from commercial revenue generated by its activities. Its Estimate shows itsnet impact, allowing its income from receipts to be devoted entirely to its business.Treasury Minutea formal administrative document drawn up by the Treasury, which may serve a wide varietyof purposes including seeking Parliamentary approval for the use of receipts asappropriations in aid, a remission of some or all of the principal of voted loans, andresponding on behalf of the government to reports by the Public Accounts Committee(PAC).62Managing Public Money————————————————————————————————————————GLOSSARY63Managing Public MoneyValue for moneythe process under which organisation’s procurement, projects and processes aresystematically evaluated and assessed to provide confidence about suitability, effectiveness,prudence,quality,value and avoidance of error and other waste,judged for the public sectoras a whole.Virementthe process through which funds are moved between subheads such that additionalexpenditure on one is met by savings on one or more others.Votethe process by which Parliament approves funds in response to supply Estimates.Voted expenditureprovision for expenditure that has been authorised by Parliament. Parliament ‘votes’authority for public expenditure through the Supply Estimates process. Most expenditureby central government departments is authorised in this way.Wider market activity activities undertaken by central government organisations outside their statutory duties,using spare capacity and aimed at generating a commercial profit. See annex 7.6.Windfallmonies received by a department which were not anticipated in the spending review.———————————————————————————————————————— -
118 strength
1) сила
2) вибропрочность
3) крепость
4) могучесть
5) интенсивность
6) <engin.> ответственный
7) мощность
8) прочность
9) сопротивление
10) численность
11) концентрация
– attainment of strength
– bending strength
– bond strength
– breaking strength
– bulk strength
– cleavage strength
– compression strength
– creep strength
– crushing strength
– disruptive strength
– dry strength
– fatigue strength
– field strength
– flexural strength
– grain strength
– high-temperature strength
– impact strength
– insulation strength
– line strength
– local strength
– logic strength
– long-term strength
– longitudinal strength
– noise-field strength
– of equal strength
– on the strength of
– proof strength
– pump strength
– rupture strength
– shear strength
– shock strength
– signal strength
– solution strength
– source strength
– strength analysis
– strength factor
– strength member
– strength of materials
– strength test
– strength weld
– structural strength
– surface strength
– tensile strength
– torsional strength
– transverse strength
– triangle strength
– twisting strength
– ultimate strength
– vortex strength
– wet strength
signal strength flotation — флуктуация интенсивности сигнала
signal strength meter — < radio> измеритель силы сигнала
-
119 status achievement
достижение статуса; процесс достижения индивидами социальных позиций в системе социальной стратификации.* * * -
120 BEAMS
1) Военный термин: base engineering automated management system2) Университет: Building Engagement And Attainment Of Minority Students
См. также в других словарях:
attainment — UK US /əˈteɪnmənt/ noun [C or U] ► the act of achieving something, or something that is achieved: »The group s investment objectives include the attainment of long term capital growth. »attainment targets »a person s educational attainments → See … Financial and business terms
Attainment — At*tain ment, n. 1. The act of attaining; the act of arriving at or reaching; hence, the act of obtaining by efforts. [1913 Webster] The attainment of every desired object. Sir W. Jones. [1913 Webster] 2. That which is attained to, or obtained by … The Collaborative International Dictionary of English
attainment — index accession (enlargement), acquisition, adverse possession, boom (prosperity), caliber (mental capacity) … Law dictionary
attainment — late 14c., encroachment (a sense now obsolete), from O.Fr. ataignement (Mod.Fr. atteignement), from ataindre; see ATTAIN (Cf. attain). Meaning action of attaining is from 1540s; sense of that which is attained, personal accomplishment dates from… … Etymology dictionary
attainment — accomplishment, *acquirement, acquisition … New Dictionary of Synonyms
attainment — [n] achievement, accomplishment acquirement, acquisition, arrival, completion, feat, finish, fulfillment, gaining, getting, obtaining, procurement, reaching, realization, reaping, securing, succeeding, winning; concept 706 Ant. failure, forfeit,… … New thesaurus
attainment — ► NOUN 1) the action of achieving. 2) an achievement … English terms dictionary
attainment — [ə tān′mənt] n. 1. an attaining or being attained 2. anything attained, as an acquired skill; accomplishment … English World dictionary
attainment — [[t]əte͟ɪnmənt[/t]] attainments 1) N UNCOUNT The attainment of an aim is the achieving of it. [FORMAL] ...the attainment of independence. Syn: achievement 2) N COUNT An attainment is a skill you have learned or something you have achieved.… … English dictionary
attainment — UK [əˈteɪnmənt] / US noun Word forms attainment : singular attainment plural attainments formal 1) [uncountable] the process of achieving an aim or particular level of success Salaries are based on the attainment of production targets. 2)… … English dictionary
attainment — at|tain|ment [əˈteınmənt] n formal 1.) [U] success in achieving something or reaching a particular level = ↑achievement ▪ a low level of educational attainment 2.) something that you have succeeded in achieving or learning, such as a skill =… … Dictionary of contemporary English