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1 анодные лучи
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2 أشعة مصعدية
anode rays -
3 anot ışınları
anode rays -
4 анодни лъчи
anode rayanode rays -
5 анодные лучи
anode rays, positive rays -
6 анодные лучи
anode rays, positive raysРусско-английский словарь по радиоэлектронике > анодные лучи
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7 анодные лучи
anode rays, canal rays -
8 anodni
ady phys anode-, plate-, anodic t -e zrake anode rays, canal rays; -a baterija anode battery* * *• anodic• anodal -
9 анодные лучи
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10 Anodenstrahlen
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11 рентгеновское излучение
Русско-английский военно-политический словарь > рентгеновское излучение
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12 анодные лучи
мн. anode rays; canal rays; positive rays -
13 жесткое излучение
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14 характеристика излучения
Русско-английский военно-политический словарь > характеристика излучения
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15 каналовые лучи
Engineering: anode rays, canal rays -
16 каналовые лучи
canal rays, anode rays -
17 Anodenstrahlung
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18 Anodenstrahlen
Anodenstrahlen mpl (corpuscular) anode raysDeutsch-Englisch Wörterbuch der Elektrotechnik und Elektronik > Anodenstrahlen
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19 anodico
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20 Crookes, Sir William
SUBJECT AREA: Electricity[br]b. 17 June 1832 London, Englandd. 4 April 1919 London, England[br]English chemist and physicist who carried out studies of electrical discharges and cathode rays in rarefied gases, leading to the development of the cathode ray tube; discoverer of the element thallium and the principle of the Crookes radiometer.[br]Crookes entered the Royal College of Chemistry at the age of 15, and from 1850 to 1854 held the appointment of Assistant at the college. In 1854 he became Superintendent of the Meteorological Department at the Radcliffe Observatory in Oxford. He moved to a post at the College of Science in Chester the following year. Soon after this he inherited a large fortune and set up his own private laboratory in London. There he studied the nature of electrical discharges in gases at low pressure and discovered the dark space (later named after him) that surrounds the negative electrode, or cathode. He also established that the rays produced in the process (subsequently shown by J.J.Thompson to be a stream of electrons) not only travelled in straight lines, but were also capable of producing heat and/or light upon impact with suitable anode materials. Using a variety of new methods to investigate these "cathode" rays, he applied them to the spectral analysis of compounds of selenium and, as a result, in 1861 he discovered the element thallium, finally establishing its atomic weight in 1873. Following his discovery of thallium, he became involved in two main lines of research: the properties of rarified gases, and the investigation of the elements of the "rare earths". It was also during these experiments that he discovered the principle of the Crookes radiometer, a device in which light is converted into rotational motion and which used to be found frequently in the shop windows of English opticians. Also among the fruits of this work were the Crookes tubes and the development of spectacle lenses with differential ranges of radiational absorption. In the 1870s he became interested in spiritualism and acquired a reputation for his studies of psychic phenomena, but at the turn of the century he returned to traditional scientific investigations. In 1892 he wrote about the possibility of wireless telegraphy. His work in the field of radioactivity led to the invention of the spinthariscope, an early type of detector of alpha particles. In 1900 he undertook investigations into uranium which led to the study of scintillation, an important tool in the study of radioactivity.While the theoretical basis of his work has not stood the test of time, his material discoveries, observations and investigations of new facts formed a basis on which others such as J.J. Thomson were to develop subatomic theory. His later involvement in the investigation of spiritualism led to much criticism, but could be justified on the basis of a belief in the duty to investigate all phenomena.[br]Principal Honours and DistinctionsKnighted 1897. Order of Merit 1910. FRS 1863. President, Royal Society 1913–15. Honorary LLD Birmingham. Honorary DSc Oxon, Cambridge, Sheffield, Durham, Ireland and Cape of Good Hope.Bibliography1874, On Attraction and Repulsion Resulting from Radiation.1874, "Researches in the phenomenon of spiritualism", Society of Metaphysics; reprinted in facsimile, 1986.For many years he was also Proprietor and Editor of Chemical News.Further ReadingE.E.Fournier D'Albe, 1923, Life of Sir William Crookes. Who Was Who II, 1916–28, London: A. \& C. Black. T.I.Williams, 1969, A Biographical Dictionary of Scientists. See also Braun, Karl Ferdinand.KF / MG
См. также в других словарях:
anode rays — anodiniai spinduliai statusas T sritis fizika atitikmenys: angl. anode rays vok. Anodenstrahlen, m rus. анодные лучи, m pranc. rayons anodiques, m … Fizikos terminų žodynas
anode rays — positive r s … Medical dictionary
Anode ray — Anode rays (or Canal rays) were observed in experiments by a German scientist, Eugen Goldstein, in 1886. Goldstein used a gas discharge tube which had a perforated cathode. A ray is produced in the holes (canals) in the cathode and travels in a… … Wikipedia
anode — 1. The positive pole of a galvanic battery or the electrode connected with it; an electrode toward which negatively charged ions (anions) migrate; a positively charged electrode. Cf.:cathode. 2. The portion, usually made of tungsten, of an x ray … Medical dictionary
X-Rays — Röntgenstrahlung bezeichnet elektromagnetische Wellen einer Photonenenergie zwischen ungefähr 100 eV und 250 keV und von Wellenlängen zwischen 10 8 und 10 12 m. Röntgenstrahlen liegen im elektromagnetischen Spektrum zwischen dem ultravioletten… … Deutsch Wikipedia
cathode rays — negative particles of electricity streaming out in a vacuum tube at right angles to the surface of the cathode and away from it irrespective of the position of the anode. They move in a straight line unless deflected by a magnet. By striking on… … Medical dictionary
canal rays — /kəˈnæl reɪz/ (say kuh nal rayz) plural noun the rays (consisting of positively charged ions) which pass through a hole in the cathode, in a direction away from the anode, when an electric discharge takes place in a vacuum tube …
positive rays — streams of positively charged atoms traveling at high speed from the anode of a partially evacuated tube under the influence of an applied voltage … Medical dictionary
Crookes tube — A Crookes tube. The electrons travel in straight lines from the cathode on the left, shown by the shadow cast by the cross on the fluorescence on the righthand wall. The anode is at the bottom. A Crookes tube is an early experimental electrical… … Wikipedia
ray — 1. A beam of light, heat, or other form of radiation. The rays from radium and other radioactive substances are produced by a spontaneous disintegration of the atom; they are electrically charged particles or electromagnetic waves of extremely… … Medical dictionary
Eugen Goldstein — Infobox Scientist name Gerald Reyes box width = image width =150px caption = Eugen Goldstein birth date = September 5, 1850 birth place = Gleiwitz, Upper Silesia (now Gliwice, Poland) death date = December 25, 1930 death place = residence =… … Wikipedia