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1 Африка
Африка
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[ http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]EN
Africa
The second largest of the continents, on the Mediterranean in the north, the Atlantic in the west, and the Red Sea, Gulf of Aden, and Indian Ocean in the east. The Sahara desert divides the continent unequally into North Africa and Africa south of Sahara. The largest lake is Lake Victoria and the chief rivers are the Nile, Niger, Congo, and Zambezi. The hottest continent, Africa has vast mineral resources, many of which are still undeveloped. (Source: CED / AMHER)
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Русско-французский словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > Африка
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2 Северная Африка
Северная Африка
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[ http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]EN
North Africa
A geographic region of the African continent south of Europe and the Mediterranean Sea, and north of Africa's tropical rain forest, including Morocco, Algeria, Tunisia, Libya and the Egyptian region west of the Suez Canal, and also the Sahara Desert and Atlas Mountains. (Source: RHW / INP)
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Русско-французский словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > Северная Африка
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3 Южная Африка
Южная Африка
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[ http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]EN
Southern Africa
A geographic region of the African continent astride the Tropic of Capricorn, including Angola, Botswana, Lesotho, Malawi, Mozambique, Namibia, South Africa, Swaziland, Zambia and Zimbabwe, and also the Kalahari Desert, Zambezi River and Orange River. (Source: AFR)
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Русско-французский словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > Южная Африка
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4 Восточная Африка
Восточная Африка
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[ http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]EN
East Africa
A geographic region of the African continent that includes Burundi, Kenya, Rwanda, Tanzania, Uganda, Ethiopia and Somalia, and also Mt. Kilimanjaro and Lake Victoria. (Source: ENA / CIA)
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Русско-французский словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > Восточная Африка
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5 Западная Африка
Западная Африка
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[ http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]EN
West Africa
A geographic region of the African continent bordered in the west and south by the Atlantic Ocean, including the republics of Benin, Burkina Faso, Cabo Verde, Cote D'ivoire, Gambie, Ghana, Guinee Bissau, Liberia, Mali, Mauritanie, Niger, Nigeria, Sengegal, Sierra Leone and Togo. (Source: ECW)
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Русско-французский словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > Западная Африка
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6 вырубка и сжигание леса как метод увеличения сельскохозяйственных площадей
вырубка и сжигание леса как метод увеличения сельскохозяйственных площадей
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[ http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]EN
slash and burn culture
A traditional farming system that has been used by generations of farmers in tropical forests and the savannah of north and east Africa. It is known to be an ecologically sound form of cultivation, and because the soil is poor in tropical rain forests it is a sustainable method of farming. It is still practised today, primarily in the developing countries. Small areas of bush or forests are cleared and the smaller trees burned. This unlocks the nutrients in the vegetation and gives the soil fertilizer that is easily taken up by plants. A few years later the soil is degraded and the farmer moves on to do the same at another site. The original ground is left fallow for anything up to 20 years so that the forest can regenerate. With the growth in population and in the subsequent need for more farming land to produce food, the method is increasingly being used today to clear large areas of tropical forests for cattle ranching, and in most cases the ground is not left fallow for long enough and, with modern mechanized farming systems, not enough tree stumps or suitable habitats for plant life are left to start the regeneration process. (Source: WRIGHT)
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Русско-французский словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > вырубка и сжигание леса как метод увеличения сельскохозяйственных площадей
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7 пролив Ваддензе
пролив Ваддензе
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[ http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]EN
Wadden Sea
The Wadden sea is a shallow sea extending along the North Sea coasts of The Netherlands, Germany and Denmark. It is a highly dynamic ecosystem with tidal channels, sands, mud flats, salt marshes, beaches, dunes, river mouths and a transition zone to the North Sea, the offshore zone. Most parts of the Wadden Sea, in particular in The Netherlands and Lower Saxony, are sheltered by barrier islands and contain smaller or wider areas of intertidal flats. The present form of the Wadden Sea is the result of both natural forces and action by man. Twice a day, on average, 15 km3 of sea water enter the Wadden sea. With the water from the North Sea, large amount of sand and silt are imported which settle in places with little water movement. During low tides large parts of the Wadden Sea emerge. These so-called tidal flats cover about 2/3 of the tidal area and are one of its most characteristic features. Nowhere in the world can such a large unbroken stretch of tidal flats be found. They account for 60% of all tidal areas in Europe and North Africa. (Source: CWSS)
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Русско-французский словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > пролив Ваддензе
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8 Центральная Африка
Центральная Африка
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[ http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]EN
Central Africa
A geographic region of the African continent close to the equator that includes Cameroon, Chad, Equatorial Guinea, Gabon, the Central African Republic and the Democratic Republic of Congo. (Source: OMD / CIA)
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Русско-французский словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > Центральная Африка
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9 Индийский океан
Индийский океан
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[ http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]EN
Indian Ocean
A body of water between the continents of Africa, Antarctica, Asia and Australia including the Bay of Bengal in the east and the Arabian Sea (with the Red Sea, the Gulf of Aden and the Persian Gulf) in the west, and containing several islands and island chains, such as the Andaman, Nicobar and Seychelles. (Source: INP)
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Русско-французский словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > Индийский океан
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10 Средиземное море
Средиземное море
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[ http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]EN
Mediterranean Sea
The largest inland sea between Europe, Africa and Asia, linked to the Atlantic Ocean at its western end by the Strait of Gibraltar, including the Tyrrhenian, Adriatic, Aegean and Ionian seas, and major islands such as Sicily, Sardina, Corsica, Crete, Malta and Cyprus. (Source: RHW)
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Русско-французский словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > Средиземное море
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11 ущерб, нанесенный почве
ущерб, нанесенный почве
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[ http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]EN
soil damage
Soil impaired as a consequence of human activity. A study financed by UNEP, reporting in 1992, found that about 10,5% of the world's vegetative surface had been seriously damaged by human activity since 1945. The study found that much of the damage had been masked by a general rise in global agricultural productivity resulting from expanded irrigation, better plant varieties, and greater use of production inputs, such as fertilizers and pesticides. More than 1/3 of the damaged land was in Asia, almost 1/3 in Africa, and 1/4 in Central America. Some land had been damaged beyond restoration. The greatest sources of soil degradation were overgrazing, unsuitable agricultural practices, and deforestation. (Source: GILP96)
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Русско-французский словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > ущерб, нанесенный почве
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12 водяной гиацинт
водяной гиацинт
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[ http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]EN
water hyacinth
Floating aquatic plant, Eichornia crassipes of tropical America, having showy bluish-purple flowers and swollen leafstalks: family Pontederiaceae. It forms dense masses in rivers, ponds, etc., and is a serious pest in the southern U.S., Java, Australia, New Zealand, and parts of Africa. (Source: CED)
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Русско-французский словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > водяной гиацинт
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13 южная часть Атлантического океана
южная часть Атлантического океана
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[ http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]EN
South Atlantic Ocean
An ocean south of the equator between the eastern coast of South America and the western coast of Africa that extends southward to the Antarctic continent, including the Drake Passage, South Sandwich Islands and Falkand Islands. (Source: INP)
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Русско-французский словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > южная часть Атлантического океана
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