-
1 WITH
For the purpose of Neo-Quenya writing, the best translation of "with" (in the sense of "together with") is probably \#as, attested with a pronominal suffix (see below). A string of various prepositional elements meaning "with" are attested, but all are probably not meant to coexist in the same form of Quenya; rather Tolkien often changed his mind about the details. The preposition lé, le found in early material (QL:52) is probably best avoided in LotR-style Quenya (in which langauge le is rather the pronoun "you"). Tolkien later seems to be experimenting with yo and ó/o as words for "with"; yo hildinyar in SD:56 probably means *"with my heirs", and VT43:29 reproduces a table where various pronouns are suffixed to ó-, probably meaning "with" (óni *"with me", ólë *"with you", etc.) In the essay Quendi and Eldar, Tolkien assigns a dual meaning to ó- as a prefix; it was used "in words describing the meeting, junction, or union of two things or persons, or of two groups thought of as units" (WJ:367; cf. 361 regarding the underlying stem WO, said to be a dual adverb "together"). The plural equivalent of dual ó- is yo- (as in yomenië, WJ:407 cf. 361 regarding the underlying root JŌ), and it may seem to be this yo that occurs as an independent preposition in yo hildinyar in SD:56. The idea that ó- is a distinctly dual form does not appear in all sources; in VT43:29 we have forms like *ómë *"with us", implying at least three persons. In Tolkien's drafts for a Quenya rendering of the Hail Mary, he experimented with various prepositional elements for the phrase "with thee" (see VT43:29). A form carelyë was replaced with aselyë in the final version. Removing the ending -lyë "thee" and the connecting vowel before it leaves us with \#as as the word (or a word) for "with"; this is ultimately related to the conjunction ar "and" (see VT43:30, 47:31). – In English, the preposition "with" may also have an instrumental force, which is best rendered by the Quenya instrumental case (e.g. *nambanen "with [= using] a hammer").
См. также в других словарях:
All-Union Communist Party (bolsheviks) — (in Russian: Всесоюзная Коммунистическая партия (большевиков) , abbreviated ВКП(б)) is a political party operating in the former Soviet Union. ВКП(б) was formed in 1995, following a split from the All Union Communist Party Bolsheviks (VKPB). The… … Wikipedia
All-Union Communist Party Bolsheviks — The All Union Communist Party Bolsheviks (Всесоюзная Коммунистическая партия большевиков,ВКПБ, Vsesoyuznaya Kommunisticheskaya Partiya bol shevikov, VKPb ) is a Marxist Leninist and anti revisionist political party operating in Russia and other… … Wikipedia
All-Union Film Festival — The All Union Film Festival ( ru. Всесоюзный кинофестиваль; tr.: Vsesoyuznyy kinofestival , also known as ВКФ; VKF ) was one of the most important film festivals of the Soviet Union. It was founded in 1958 and held regularly from 1964 1988. It… … Wikipedia
All-Union Referendum — (1991) In late 1990, Mikhail Gorbachev proposed a referendum to the Congress of People’s Deputies that would determine the future of the Soviet state. Held on 17 March 1991, the poll asked the following question: “Do you consider it necessary… … Historical Dictionary of the Russian Federation
First All-Union Census of the Soviet Union — The First All Union Census of the Soviet Union took place in 1926. It was an important tool in the state building of the USSR, provided the government with important ethnographic information, and helped in the transformation from Imperial Russian … Wikipedia
All-Union Young Guard Bolsheviks — ВМГБ was founded in 1992. It publishes Революции ( Revolusii ).External links* [http://vmgb.nm.ru ВМГБ website] … Wikipedia
Union busting — is a practice that is undertaken by an employer or their agents to prevent employees from joining a labor union, or to disempower, subvert, or destroy unions that already exist.During contract negotiations, established unions may declare a strike … Wikipedia
17th Congress of the All-Union Communist Party (Bolsheviks) — Communist Party of the Soviet Union History Organisation … Wikipedia
All-Russia Exhibition Centre — All Russian Exhibition Centre (Всероссийский выставочный центр) is a permanent general purpose trade show in Moscow, Russia.The All Russia Exhibition Centre is a state joint stock company, officially abbreviated as GAO VVC , which stands for… … Wikipedia
Union security — is the enactment of various policies in an employer union agreement to ensure the union s continued survival. Closed shops, in which the company may only employ union workers, were outlawed in the Taft Hartley Act over president Truman s veto.… … Wikipedia
17th Congress of the All-Union Communist Party (b) — The 17th Congress of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union was held during 26 January 10 February 1934. Nicknamed The Congress of the Victors it was in fact the last clandestine revolted against Stalin from within party ranks. The Soviet… … Wikipedia
