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aliquem+a+proposito+l

Толкование Перевод

1 flecto

flecto, xi, xum, 3, v. a. and n. [root in Gr. pholkos, bandy-legged; phalkês, the bent rib of a ship; L. falx; falco, so called from the curve of its claws or beak; cf. Germ. Falke; Engl. falcon].
I.
Act., to bend, bow, curve, turn, turn round (freq. and class.; syn.: plecto, plico, curvo).
A.
Lit.
1.
In gen.:
animal omne membra quocumque vult, flectit, contorquet, porrigit, contrahit,
Cic. Div. 1, 53, 120:
ora retro,
Ov. M. 3, 188:
vultus ad illum,
id. ib. 4, 265;
10, 236: lumina a gurgite in nullam partem,
id. ib. 8, 367:
geminas acies huc,
to turn, direct, Verg. A. 6, 789; cf.
oculos,
id. ib. 8, 698:
equos brevi moderari ac flectere,
Caes. B. G. 4, 33 fin.:
equum,
Hor. C. 3, 7, 25:
currum de foro in Capitolium,
Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 30, § 77:
plaustrum,
Ov. M. 10, 447: navem, Auct. B. Alex. 64 fin.:
habenas,
Ov. M. 2, 169:
cursus in orbem,
id. ib. 6, 225; cf.:
cursus in laevum,
id. Tr. 1, 10, 17:
iter ad Privernum,
Liv. 8, 19, 13 Drak. N. cr.:
iter Demetriadem,
id. 35, 31, 3:
tu (Bacche) flectis amnes, tu mare barbarum,
Hor. C. 2, 19, 17:
arcus,
to bend, Ov. M. 4, 303; cf.:
flexos incurvant viribus arcus,
Verg. A. 5, 500:
flexum genu,
Ov. M. 4, 340:
artus,
Liv. 21, 58, 9:
flexi crines,
curled, Mart. 3, 63, 3; 10, 65, 6; Juv. 6, 493:
flexum mare,
i.e. a bay, Tac. A. 14, 4:
flexi fractique motus,
contorted, Cic. Fin. 5, 12, 35:
hinc (silva) se flectit sinistrorsus,
Caes. B. G. 6, 25, 3.—Mid.: quasi amnis celeris rapit, sed tamen inflexu flectitur, Naev. ap. Non. 191, 34 (Trag. Rel. v. 42 Rib.):
(milvus) flectitur in gyrum,
wheels, Ov. M. 2, 718:
modo flector in anguem,
I bend, wind myself into a snake, id. ib. 8, 883:
sol ab ea (Cancri) meta incipit flecti,
Plin. 18, 28, 68, § 264: Euphrates ad meridiem flectitur, id. 6, 26, 30, § 125.—
2.
In partic., naut. t. t., to go round or double a promontory:
cum in flectendis promontoriis ventorum mutationes maximas saepe sentiant,
Cic. Div. 2, 45, 94:
Leucaten flectere molestum videbatur,
id. Att. 5, 9, 1.—
B.
Trop.
1.
In gen., to bend, turn, direct:
ducere multimodis voces et flectere cantus,
Lucr. 5, 1406:
vocem,
Ov. Am. 2, 4, 25:
qui teneros et rudes cum acceperunt, inficiunt et flectunt, ut volunt,
Cic. Leg. 1, 17, 47; cf.:
imbecillitatem animorum torquere et flectere,
id. ib. 1, 10, 29:
suam naturam huc et illuc torquere ac flectere,
id. Cael. 6, 13:
vitam flectere fingereque,
id. Sull. 28, 79:
mentes suas ad nostrum imperium nomenque,
id. Balb. 17, 39:
aliquem a proposito,
Liv. 28, 22, 11:
scribentis animum a vero,
id. 1 praef. 5:
animus ab aliqua opinione flectendus,
Quint. 4, 2, 80:
animos ad publica carmina,
Ov. Tr. 5, 1, 23: quo vobis mentes... dementes sese flexere viaï? Enn. ap. Cic. de Sen. 6, 16 (Ann. v. 209 ed. Vahl.):
est viri et ducis oblata casu flectere ad consilium,
Liv. 28, 44, 8:
juvenis cereus in vitium flecti,
Hor. A. P. 163:
quod procul a nobis flectat Fortuna gubernans,
turn aside, avert, Lucr. 5, 108.—
2.
In partic.
a.
To bend (in opinion or in will), to move, persuade, prevail upon, overcome, soften, appease (cf.:
moveo, afficio): quibus rebus ita flectebar animo atque frangebar, ut, etc.,
Cic. Sull. 6, 18:
sed quid te oratione flectam?... qua re flecte te, quaeso,
id. Phil. 1, 14, 35: facile Achivos flexeris, Enn. ap. Gell. 11, 4, 3 (Trag. v. 229 ed. Vahl.):
judices,
Quint. 6, 1, 9:
flectere mollibus jam durum imperiis,
Hor. C. 4, 1, 6:
precibus si flecteris ullis,
Verg. A. 2, 689:
flectere si nequeo Superos, Acheronta movebo,
id. ib. 7, 312; cf.:
nisi dii immortales suo numine prope fata ipsa flexissent,
Cic. Cat. 3, 8, 19:
desine fata deum flecti sperare precando,
Verg. A. 6, 376:
animos commutare atque omni ratione flectere,
Cic. de Or. 2, 52 fin.:
ingenium alicujus aversum,
Sall. J. 102, 3:
si quem a proposito spes mollitiave animi flexisset,
divert, dissuade, Liv. 28, 22, 11: dictis nostris sententia flexa est, Enn. ap. Fest. p. 257 Müll. (Ann. v. 264 ed. Vahl.):
si flectitur ira deorum,
Ov. M. 1, 378: cf. id. Tr. 3, 5, 41:
hortaturque simul flectitque labores,
soothes, Stat. S. 5, 1, 119:
ad deditionem primos,
Liv. 5, 43, 1.—Mid.:
plurimum valet miseratio, quae judicem flecti non tantum cogit, sed, etc.,
to let himself be moved, Quint. 6, 1, 23:
flexi in misericordiam,
Amm. 12, 27.—
b.
(Acc. to I. A. 2.) To turn aside from, to avoid a thing:
ut eam (viam) flectas, te rogo,
Cic. Att. 11, 18, 2 (but B. and K. ex conj. C. F. Hermann read ira, v. a. sup.); cf.:
flexit viam,
Liv. 1, 60, 1:
dolo a se flexos imputavit civilis,
Tac. H. 5, 24.—
c.
To refer to or apply to any one:
versus qui in Tiberium flecterentur,
Tac. A. 6, 29:
Augustus quaedam ex horrida illa antiquitate ad praesentem usum flexisset,
id. ib. 4, 16.—
d.
In grammar.
(α).
To form a word from another language:
verba derivare, flectere, conjungere,
Quint. 8, 3, 36:
hoc vocabulum (pollex) de Graeco flexum est,
Gell. 4, 3 fin. —
(β).
To decline, conjugate, inflect, Varr. L. L. 10, 2, 29 al.—
(γ).
Flectere syllabam, to mark with the circumflex accent, and hence, to lengthen, Quint. 1, 5, 23 Spald. and Zumpt.
II.
Neutr., to turn, go, or march in any direction (post-Aug.).
A.
Lit.:
cum procul hos laevo flectentes limite cernunt,
Verg. A. 9, 372:
ex Gabino in Tusculanos flexere colles,
Liv. 3, 8, 6;
Hasdrubal ad Oceanum flectit,
id. 28, 16, 3:
inde Vitellius Cremonam flexit,
Tac. H. 2, 70:
in Capitolium,
Suet. Tib. 20.—
B.
Trop., of thought or speech, to turn in any direction:
ad providentiam sapientiamque,
Tac. A. 13, 3:
in ambitionem,
id. ib. 4, 37:
a veneratione Augusti orsus flexit ad victorias Tiberii,
id. ib. 1, 34.—Hence, flexus, a, um, P. a.
A.
Lit., bent, winding:
error,
Ov. M. 8, 160:
zodiacus circa Cancrum Capricornumque flexior,
Mart. Cap. 8, § 878.—In neutr. plur. subst.: collium flexa, Minuc. Fel. Octav. 17.—
B.
Trop., of tones, lengthened:
infinito magis illa flexa et circumducta sunt,
Quint. 11, 3, 172.

Lewis & Short latin dictionary > flecto
2 flectō

flectō flēxī, flexus, ere [FALC-], to bend, bow, curve, turn, turn round: equos brevi, Cs.: de foro in Capitolium currūs: habenas, O.: cursūs in orbem, O.: iter ad Privernum, L.: flexa In burim ulmus, V.: artūs, L.: ora retro, O.: geminas acies huc, direct, V.: lumina, avert, V.: salignas cratīs, weave, V.: flex<*> fractique motūs, contorted: flexum mare, a bay, Ta.: (silva) se sinistrorsus, Cs.: (milvus) Flectitur in gyrum, wheels, O.: flector in anguem, wind myself into a snake, O.: Cera multas Flectitur in facies, is moulded, O.— To turn, double, pass around: in flectendis promunturiis: Leucatam.— To turn from, avoid, turn out of: viam, C., L.: iter, V.— To turn, go, divert one's course, march, pass: laevo flectentes limine, V.: ex Gabino in Tusculanos flexere colles, L.: ad Oceanum, L.: ad sapientiam, Ta.—Fig., to bend, turn, direct, sway, change: animum, T.: teneros et rudīs: suam naturam huc et illuc: vocem, modulate: flexus sonus, i. e. melancholy: mentīs suas ad nostrum imperium: aliquem a proposito, divert, L.: animos, quin, etc., L.: animos ad carmina, O.: Quo vobis mentes sese flexere viaï? Enn. ap. C.: Cereus in vitium flecti, H.: flexo in meridiem die, Ta.: versūs, qui in Tiberium flecterentur, i. e. might be applied, Ta.— To bend, move, persuade, influence, prevail upon, overcome, soften, appease: quibus rebus ita flectebar animo, ut, etc.: flectere mollibus Iam durum imperiis, H.: Superos, V.: fata deum precando, V.: ingenium alicuius avorsum, S.: si flectitur ira deorum, O.: ad deditionem animos, L.
* * *

flectere, flexi, flexus V

bend, curve, bow; turn, curl; persuade, prevail on, soften

Latin-English dictionary > flectō
3 studens

stŭdĕo, ŭi, 2 ( perf. studīvi, M. Aur. ap. Front. Ep. ad M. Caes. 5), v. a. and n. [perh. kindr. with speudô, spoudê, to speed, haste], to be eager or zealous, to take pains about, be diligent in, anxious about, busy one's self with, strive after, to apply one's self to or pursue some course of action, etc.; to desire, wish, etc. (very freq. and class.; cf.: operam do).
I.
In gen.
(α).
Absol. (very rare), Enn. ap. Gell. 19, 10, 12:
ut aequum fuerat atque ut studui,
Ter. Eun. 5, 2, 31: si qui in eā re studebat, etc., Cato ap. Gell. 11, 2, 5.—
(β).
With acc. (rare; mostly with neutr. pronn. and adjj.): horum ille nihil egregie Studebat;
et tamen omnia haec mediocriter,
Ter. And. 1, 1, 32:
eadem,
id. Hec. 2, 1, 2:
illud ipsum, quod studet,
Cic. Fin. 5, 2, 6:
perspexi ex tuis litteris, quod semper studui, me a te plurimi fieri,
id. Fam. 7, 31, 1:
lenonem perjurum ut perdas id studes,
Plaut. Poen. 3, 1, 72; so,
id, ut, etc.,
Ter. Heaut. 2, 4, 2:
id, ne, etc.,
Liv. 40, 56, 2:
unum studetis Antonii conatum avertere a re publicā,
Cic. Phil. 6, 7, 18:
hoc unum,
Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 120.—With a defin. obj. (very rare):
minus has res,
Plaut. Mil. 5, 44: res Graecas, Titin. ap. Prisc. p. 629 P.—
(γ).
With inf. or acc. with inf. (freq.):
si merito meo referre studeant gratias,
Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 27:
verum audire ex te studeo,
id. Bacch. 5, 2, 42; cf.:
de quo studeo ex te audire quod sentias,
Cic. Rep. 1, 11, 17:
scire studeo, quid egeris,
id. Att. 13, 20, 3:
studemus, nostris consiliis tutiorem vitam hominum reddere,
id. Rep. 1, 2, 3:
fieri studebam ejus prudentiā doctior,
id. Lael. 1, 1:
hanc acerbitate opprimere studuit,
Nep. Dion, 6, 5:
portum intrare,
id. Chabr. 4, 2:
ego me id facere studeo,
Plaut. As. 1, 1, 52:
si quisquam est, qui placere se studeat bonis Quam plurimis,
Ter. Eun. prol. 1:
illis gratum se videri studet,
Cic. Off. 2, 20, 70:
te sociam studeo scribendis versibus esse,
Lucr. 1, 24:
omnes homines, qui sese student praestare ceteris animalibus,
Sall. C. 1, 1:
neque est, cur nunc studeam, has nuptias mutarier,
Plaut. Stich. 1, 1, 51; cf.:
rem ad arma deduci,
Caes. B. C. 1, 4; Matt. ap. Cic. Fam. 11, 28, 2.—
(δ).
With dat. (so most freq. in prose and poetry):
somno,
Plaut. Ps. 1, 2, 42:
illi rei studet,
id. As. 1, 3, 30; cf.:
huic rei studendum, ut, etc.,
Caes. B. G. 7, 14:
iisdem rebus,
Cic. Rep. 1, 1, 1:
frustra aut pecuniae, aut imperiis, aut opibus, aut gloriae,
id. Fin. 1, 18, 60:
praeturae,
id. Cael. 11, 26:
virtuti, laudi, dignitati,
id. Fin. 4, 24, 65:
novis rebus,
id. Cat. 1, 1, 3; Caes. B. G. 3, 10; 4, 5:
agriculturae,
id. ib. 6, 22;
6, 29: sacrificiis,
id. ib. 6, 21:
litteris,
Cic. Brut. 93, 322; cf.:
alicui scientiae,
id. de Or. 1, 3, 10:
alicui arti,
id. Fam. 4, 3, 4:
medicinae,
Quint. 7, 2, 17:
commodis communibus,
Plin. Ep. 1, 8, 13:
nomini,
Flor. 3, 10, 19:
lectis sternendis studuimus munditiisque apparandis,
Plaut. Stich. 5, 3, 5:
armamentis complicandis et componendis,
id. Merc. 1, 2, 83:
patrimonio augendo,
Cic. de Or. 2, 55, 225:
juri et legibus cognoscendis,
id. Rep. 5, 3, 5:
revocandis regibus,
Flor. 1, 9, 5.—
* (ε).
With gen.: parens, qui te nec amet nec studeat tui, troubles himself about you, Caecil. ap. Cic. N. D. 3, 29, 72 (Com. Rel. v. 201 Rib.).—
(ζ).
With ut (rare):
Caesar maxime studebat, ut partem oppidi excluderet, Auct. B. Alex. 1, 4: ut habeas,
Cato, R. R. 5; Dig. 43, 10, 1; cf. with ne:
ne solus esset, studui,
Phaedr. 2, epil. 6:
ne sint,
Dig. 43, 10, 1.—
(η).
In aliquid (rare):
in quam rem studendum sit,
Quint. 12, 6, 6:
quidam pictores in id solum student, ut sciant,
id. 10, 2, 6.—
II.
In partic.
A.
To be zealous for any one, i. e. to be friendly, attached, or favorable to one, to favor him (syn. favere).
(α).
With dat.:
ut studeat tibi, ut te adjuvet,
Cic. Mur. 36, 76:
homini nequam atque improbo,
id. Cael. 4, 10:
Catilinae,
id. ib. 5, 12:
cui (with favere),
Ov. Am. 3, 2, 67:
quibus (partibus) illi student,
Auct. Her. 2, 27, 43:
nonnullae civitates rebus Cassii studebant, Auct. B. Alex. 62, 2: rebus Atheniensium,
Nep. Lys. 1 med.:
petitioni alicujus,
Quint. 11, 1, 69.—
(β).
Absol.:
neque studere neque odisse,
Sall. C. 51, 13.—
B.
To apply one's self to learning, to study, be diligent in study (only post-Aug.; for which in Cic. litteris, arti, etc.; v. supra, I. A. d):
computamus annos, non quibus studuimus, sed quibus viximus,
Quint. 12, 11, 19; 2, 7, 1: Demosthenes diligenter apud Andronicum studuit. id. 11, 3, 7: aliquem a proposito studendi fugare, id. 2, 2, 7: non est, quod post cibum studeas. Sen. Ep. 94, 20:
duo, qui apud Chaldaeos studuisse se dicunt,
id. Q. N. 7, 4, 1:
negat enim te studere,
Plin. Ep. 7, 13, 2:
studes an piscaris?
id. ib. 2, 8, 1; 2, 13, 5;
5, 5, 18: solacium studendi,
Suet. Tib. 61:
videtur mihi inter Menenios et Appios studuisse,
Tac. Or. 21; so id. ib. 32; 34.— Subst.: stŭ-dens, entis, m., a diligent student:
in habitu studentis,
Plin. Ep. 5, 5, 5.

Lewis & Short latin dictionary > studens
4 studeo

stŭdĕo, ŭi, 2 ( perf. studīvi, M. Aur. ap. Front. Ep. ad M. Caes. 5), v. a. and n. [perh. kindr. with speudô, spoudê, to speed, haste], to be eager or zealous, to take pains about, be diligent in, anxious about, busy one's self with, strive after, to apply one's self to or pursue some course of action, etc.; to desire, wish, etc. (very freq. and class.; cf.: operam do).
I.
In gen.
(α).
Absol. (very rare), Enn. ap. Gell. 19, 10, 12:
ut aequum fuerat atque ut studui,
Ter. Eun. 5, 2, 31: si qui in eā re studebat, etc., Cato ap. Gell. 11, 2, 5.—
(β).
With acc. (rare; mostly with neutr. pronn. and adjj.): horum ille nihil egregie Studebat;
et tamen omnia haec mediocriter,
Ter. And. 1, 1, 32:
eadem,
id. Hec. 2, 1, 2:
illud ipsum, quod studet,
Cic. Fin. 5, 2, 6:
perspexi ex tuis litteris, quod semper studui, me a te plurimi fieri,
id. Fam. 7, 31, 1:
lenonem perjurum ut perdas id studes,
Plaut. Poen. 3, 1, 72; so,
id, ut, etc.,
Ter. Heaut. 2, 4, 2:
id, ne, etc.,
Liv. 40, 56, 2:
unum studetis Antonii conatum avertere a re publicā,
Cic. Phil. 6, 7, 18:
hoc unum,
Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 120.—With a defin. obj. (very rare):
minus has res,
Plaut. Mil. 5, 44: res Graecas, Titin. ap. Prisc. p. 629 P.—
(γ).
With inf. or acc. with inf. (freq.):
si merito meo referre studeant gratias,
Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 27:
verum audire ex te studeo,
id. Bacch. 5, 2, 42; cf.:
de quo studeo ex te audire quod sentias,
Cic. Rep. 1, 11, 17:
scire studeo, quid egeris,
id. Att. 13, 20, 3:
studemus, nostris consiliis tutiorem vitam hominum reddere,
id. Rep. 1, 2, 3:
fieri studebam ejus prudentiā doctior,
id. Lael. 1, 1:
hanc acerbitate opprimere studuit,
Nep. Dion, 6, 5:
portum intrare,
id. Chabr. 4, 2:
ego me id facere studeo,
Plaut. As. 1, 1, 52:
si quisquam est, qui placere se studeat bonis Quam plurimis,
Ter. Eun. prol. 1:
illis gratum se videri studet,
Cic. Off. 2, 20, 70:
te sociam studeo scribendis versibus esse,
Lucr. 1, 24:
omnes homines, qui sese student praestare ceteris animalibus,
Sall. C. 1, 1:
neque est, cur nunc studeam, has nuptias mutarier,
Plaut. Stich. 1, 1, 51; cf.:
rem ad arma deduci,
Caes. B. C. 1, 4; Matt. ap. Cic. Fam. 11, 28, 2.—
(δ).
With dat. (so most freq. in prose and poetry):
somno,
Plaut. Ps. 1, 2, 42:
illi rei studet,
id. As. 1, 3, 30; cf.:
huic rei studendum, ut, etc.,
Caes. B. G. 7, 14:
iisdem rebus,
Cic. Rep. 1, 1, 1:
frustra aut pecuniae, aut imperiis, aut opibus, aut gloriae,
id. Fin. 1, 18, 60:
praeturae,
id. Cael. 11, 26:
virtuti, laudi, dignitati,
id. Fin. 4, 24, 65:
novis rebus,
id. Cat. 1, 1, 3; Caes. B. G. 3, 10; 4, 5:
agriculturae,
id. ib. 6, 22;
6, 29: sacrificiis,
id. ib. 6, 21:
litteris,
Cic. Brut. 93, 322; cf.:
alicui scientiae,
id. de Or. 1, 3, 10:
alicui arti,
id. Fam. 4, 3, 4:
medicinae,
Quint. 7, 2, 17:
commodis communibus,
Plin. Ep. 1, 8, 13:
nomini,
Flor. 3, 10, 19:
lectis sternendis studuimus munditiisque apparandis,
Plaut. Stich. 5, 3, 5:
armamentis complicandis et componendis,
id. Merc. 1, 2, 83:
patrimonio augendo,
Cic. de Or. 2, 55, 225:
juri et legibus cognoscendis,
id. Rep. 5, 3, 5:
revocandis regibus,
Flor. 1, 9, 5.—
* (ε).
With gen.: parens, qui te nec amet nec studeat tui, troubles himself about you, Caecil. ap. Cic. N. D. 3, 29, 72 (Com. Rel. v. 201 Rib.).—
(ζ).
With ut (rare):
Caesar maxime studebat, ut partem oppidi excluderet, Auct. B. Alex. 1, 4: ut habeas,
Cato, R. R. 5; Dig. 43, 10, 1; cf. with ne:
ne solus esset, studui,
Phaedr. 2, epil. 6:
ne sint,
Dig. 43, 10, 1.—
(η).
In aliquid (rare):
in quam rem studendum sit,
Quint. 12, 6, 6:
quidam pictores in id solum student, ut sciant,
id. 10, 2, 6.—
II.
In partic.
A.
To be zealous for any one, i. e. to be friendly, attached, or favorable to one, to favor him (syn. favere).
(α).
With dat.:
ut studeat tibi, ut te adjuvet,
Cic. Mur. 36, 76:
homini nequam atque improbo,
id. Cael. 4, 10:
Catilinae,
id. ib. 5, 12:
cui (with favere),
Ov. Am. 3, 2, 67:
quibus (partibus) illi student,
Auct. Her. 2, 27, 43:
nonnullae civitates rebus Cassii studebant, Auct. B. Alex. 62, 2: rebus Atheniensium,
Nep. Lys. 1 med.:
petitioni alicujus,
Quint. 11, 1, 69.—
(β).
Absol.:
neque studere neque odisse,
Sall. C. 51, 13.—
B.
To apply one's self to learning, to study, be diligent in study (only post-Aug.; for which in Cic. litteris, arti, etc.; v. supra, I. A. d):
computamus annos, non quibus studuimus, sed quibus viximus,
Quint. 12, 11, 19; 2, 7, 1: Demosthenes diligenter apud Andronicum studuit. id. 11, 3, 7: aliquem a proposito studendi fugare, id. 2, 2, 7: non est, quod post cibum studeas. Sen. Ep. 94, 20:
duo, qui apud Chaldaeos studuisse se dicunt,
id. Q. N. 7, 4, 1:
negat enim te studere,
Plin. Ep. 7, 13, 2:
studes an piscaris?
id. ib. 2, 8, 1; 2, 13, 5;
5, 5, 18: solacium studendi,
Suet. Tib. 61:
videtur mihi inter Menenios et Appios studuisse,
Tac. Or. 21; so id. ib. 32; 34.— Subst.: stŭ-dens, entis, m., a diligent student:
in habitu studentis,
Plin. Ep. 5, 5, 5.

Lewis & Short latin dictionary > studeo
5 propono

prō-pōno, pŏsŭi, pŏsĭtum, 3, v. a., to put or set forth, to set or lay out, to place before, expose to view, to display (class.).
I.
Lit.:
proponere vexillum,
Caes. B. G. 2, 20:
pallentesque manus, sanguineumque caput,
Ov. Tr. 3, 9, 30:
i puer et citus haec aliquā propone columnā,
Prop. 3 (4), 23, 23:
aliquid venale,
to expose for sale, Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 32, § 78; cf. Suet. Ner. 16:
geminum pugnae proponit honorem,
proposes, offers, Verg. A. 5, 365:
singulis diebus ediscendos fastos populo proposuit,
Cic. Mur. 11, 25:
legem in publicum,
id. Agr. 2, 5, 13:
in publico epistulam,
id. Att. 8, 9, 2; id. Pis. 36, 88:
vectigalia,
to publish, publicly advertise, Suet. Calig. 41:
oppida Romanis proposita ad copiam commeatūs,
Caes. B. G. 7, 14:
ne quid volucre proponeretur, praeter, etc.,
should be served up, Plin. 10, 50, 71, § 139 (al. poneretur).—
II.
Trop.
A.
To set before the eyes, to propose mentally; to imagine, conceive:
propone tibi duos reges,
Cic. Deiot. 14, 40:
aliquid sibi exemplar,
id. Univ. 2:
sibi aliquem ad imitandum,
id. de Or. 2, 22, 93:
vos ante oculos animosque vestros... Apronii regnum proponite,
id. Verr. 2, 3, 23, § 58:
eam (vitam) ante oculos vestros proponite,
id. Sull. 26, 72:
condicio supplicii in bello timiditati militis proposita,
id. Clu. 46, 129; 56, 154; 12, 42:
vim fortunae animo,
Liv. 30, 30:
spem libertatis,
Cic. Rab. Perd. 5, 15:
nihil ad scribendum,
id. Att. 5, 10, 4.—
B.
To expose:
omnibus telis fortunae proposita est vita nostra,
Cic. Fam. 5, 16, 2:
tabernis apertis proposita omnia in medio vidit,
Liv. 6, 25, 9.—
C.
To point out, declare, represent, report, say, relate, set forth, publish, etc. (cf.:
indico, denuntio): ut proponat, quid dicturus sit,
Cic. Or. 40, 137; id. Brut. 60, 217:
extremum illud est de iis, quae proposueram,
id. Fam. 15, 14, 6:
contione habitā, rem gestam proponit,
Caes. B. G. 5, 50:
in exemplum proponere,
Quint. 7, 1, 41; 12, 2, 27.—With de:
de Galliae Germaniaeque moribus, et quo differant eae nationes inter se,
Caes. B. G. 6, 11.—With object-clause:
quod ante tacuerat, proponit, esse nonnullos, quorum, etc.,
Caes. B. G. 1, 17:
cui (morbo) remedia celeria faciliaque proponebantur,
were proposed, suggested, believed to be efficient, Nep. Att. 21, 2.—
D.
To offer, propose as a reward:
Xerxes praemium proposuit, qui invenisset novam voluptatem,
Cic. Tusc. 5, 7, 20:
populo congiarium, militi donativum,
Suet. Ner. 7.—
2.
In a bad sense, to threaten, denounce:
cui cum publicatio bonorum, exsilium, mors proponeretur,
Cic. Planc. 41, 97:
injuriae, quae propositae sunt a Catone,
id. Fam. 1, 5, b, 2:
contentiones, quae mihi proponuntur,
id. Att. 2, 19, 1:
improbis poenam,
id. Fin. 2, 17, 57:
damnationem et mortem sibi proponat ante oculos,
Liv. 2, 54, 6; Just. 16, 5, 2.—
E.
To lay before, to propose for an answer: aliquam quaestionem, Nep Att. 20, 2:
aenigma,
Vulg. Ezech. 17, 2.—
F.
To purpose, resolve, intend, design, determine:
consecutus id, quod animo proposuerat,
Caes. B. G. 7, 47:
cum id mihi propositum initio non fuisset,
I had not proposed it to myself, had not intended it, Cic. Q. Fr. 1, 1, 6.— With inf.:
neque propositum nobis est hoc loco (laudare), etc.,
I am resolved, Cic. Brut. 6, 25.—With ut:
propositum est, non ut eloquentiam meam perspicias, sed ut,
the design is, Cic. Brut. 92, 318.—
G.
To say or mention beforehand (post-Aug.), Col. 8, 17, 8.—
2.
To state the first premise of a syllogism:
cum proponimus,
Cic. Inv. 1, 39, 70; 1, 40, 72.—
H.
To impose (post-class.):
novam mihi propono dicendi legem,
Mamert. Genethl. 5.—Hence, prōpŏsĭtum, i, n.
A.
A plan, intention, design, resolution, purpose (class.):
quidnam Pompeius propositi aut voluntatis ad dimicandum haberet,
Caes. B. C. 3, 84:
assequi,
to attain, Cic. Fin. 3, 6, 22:
est enim propositum, ut iratum efficiat judicem,
id. Part. 4, 14:
tenere,
to keep to one's purpose, Nep. Eum. 3, 5; Liv. 3, 41, 4; Caes. B. C. 1, 83; 3, 42; 64:
propositum peragere,
Nep. Att. 22, 2:
tenax propositi,
Hor. C. 3, 3, 1: in proposito manere. Suet. Gram. 24:
reprehendendi habere,
Plin. Ep. 9, 19, 7:
omne propositum operis a nobis destinati,
Quint. 2, 10, 15; 2, 19, 1; 12, 9, 14.—
B.
The first premise of a syllogism, Cic. de Or. 2, 53, 215; Sen. Q. N. 1, 8, 4.—
2.
An argument: nam est in proposito finis fides, Cic. Part. 3, 9.—
3.
The main point, principal subject, theme:
a proposito declinare aliquantulum,
Cic. Or. 40, 137:
egredi a proposito ornandi causā,
id. Brut. 21, 82:
a proposito aberrare,
id. Fin. 5, 28, 83:
redire ad propositum,
id. de Or. 3, 53, 203:
ad propositum revertamur,
id. Off. 3, 9, 39:
a proposito aversus,
Liv. 2, 8, 8:
propositum totius operis,
Sen. Ep. 65, 4 sq.; 65, 8:
vitae,
Cels. 5, 26, 6:
meum,
Phaedr. 1, 5, 2:
tuum,
Sen. Ep. 68, 3.—
C.
A way, manner, or course of life ( poet. and post-Aug.):
mutandum tibi propositum est et vitae genus,
Phaedr. prol. 3, 15:
vir proposito sanctissimus,
Vell. 2, 2, 2.

Lewis & Short latin dictionary > propono
6 deterreo

dē-terrĕo, ŭi, ĭtum, 2, v. a.
I.
To frighten from any thing; to deter, discourage from, prevent, hinder (class.).—Constr.
(α).
(Aliquem) ab aliqua re:
homines adolescentes a dicendi studio,
Cic. de Or. 1, 25, 117:
sanos homines a scribendo,
id. Brut. 75 fin.; cf. id. Or. 1 fin.:
te a dimicatione (opp. ad certam laudem adhortor),
id. Fam. 1, 7, 5:
eum ab instituto consilio,
Caes. B. G. 5, 4; cf.:
a proposito,
id. B. C. 3, 100, 3:
animos a cupiditate,
Liv. 22, 42:
ferociores annos a licentia,
Quint. 2, 2, 3 et saep.— Without acc.:
a turpi meretricis amore,
Hor. S. 1, 4, 112.—
(β).
(Aliquem) de aliqua re:
de agro hunc senem,
Plaut. Trin. 2, 4, 159:
Stoicos de sententia,
Cic. Div. 2, 39, 81: me de statu meo, Brut. ap. Cic. Fam. 11, 11 fin. —
(γ).
(Aliquem) ne, quin, quominus:
(poetam) maledictis, ne scribat,
Ter. Ph. prol. 3; Cic. Quint. 4, 16; Caes. B. G. 1, 17, 2; 1, 31, 16 al. (but different is Suet. Ner. 47: deterritum putant, ne discerperetur). —Without acc.:
haud ferro deterrere potes, ne me amet,
Plaut. Truc. 5, 37.—With quin:
quin loquar haec... numquam me potes deterrere,
id. Am. 2, 1, 10; id. Mil. 2, 4, 16; Caes. B. G. 2, 3 fin.—Pass., Tib. 1, 3, 13; cf.: me homo nemo deterruerit, quin ea sit in his aedibus, i. e. shall make me believe but that, etc., Plaut. Mil. 2, 3, 61.— With quominus:
neque te deterreo, quominus id disputes,
Cic. Att. 11, 8; id. Tusc. 1, 38; Liv. 26, 48 al.—
(δ).
With aliquem and an inf. (very rarely):
nefarias ejus libidines commemorare pudore deterreor,
Cic. Verr. 1, 5, 14; id. ib. 1, 9, 24.—
(ε).
Aliquem aliqua re (very rarely):
silvestres homines caedibus et victu foedo,
Hor. A. P. 392; cf. Sall. J. 98, 5.—
(ζ).
With simple acc.:
reliquos magnitudine poenae,
Caes. B. C. 3, 8, 3:
pavidam ense (with repellere),
Ov. M. 14, 296:
deterritis tribunis,
Liv. 10, 9:
Caesar coercendum atque deterrendum Dumnorigem statuebat,
Caes. B. G. 5, 7: in deterrenda liberalitate, Cic. Off. 2, 18, 63.—
(η).
Absol.:
advorsor sedulo et deterreo,
Ter. Ad. 1, 2, 64; Cic. Leg. 2, 4, 8; Suet. Caes. 70 al.—
II.
In Augustan authors, sometimes with an inanimate object, like defendere, prohibere, etc., to avert, keep off:
vim a censoribus,
Liv. 4, 24 fin.:
d. nefas et inhibere bipennem,
Ov. M. 8, 767.

Lewis & Short latin dictionary > deterreo
7 conduco

con-dūco, xi, ctum, 3, v. a. and n.
I.
Act., to draw, bring, or lead together, to assemble, collect (class. in prose and poetry).
A.
In gen.
1.
Of persons (esp. freq. of the collecting, assembling of troops in any place): milites de castellis ad castra, Sisenn. ap. Non. p. 514, 7:
populum in forum,
Varr. ib. p. 274, 20:
exercitum in unum locum,
Caes. B. G. 2, 2:
eo copias omnes,
id. B. C. 3, 13 fin.:
copias suas,
id. B. G. 6, 31 init.; cf.
auxilia,
Liv. 30, 21, 3; 23, 13, 8:
dispersas suorum copias,
Tac. H. 4, 71:
virgines unum in locum,
Cic. Inv. 2, 1, 3:
omnis clientes suos eodem,
Caes. B. G. 1, 4:
milites in unum,
Sall. J. 51, 3; cf. Tac. A. 4, 47.—
2.
Of inanimate objects:
vineas,
Cic. Phil. 8, 6, 17:
nubila,
Ov. M. 1, 572 al. —
B.
Esp.,
1.
Intens., to connect, unite, by bringing together, = cogo, colligo.
a.
Prop. (so several times in Lucr., elsewhere rare):
partes in unum,
Lucr. 1, 398; 3, 533; cf. id. 1, 651; 6, 968; Vitr. 8, 1 fin.:
cortice ramos,
Ov. M. 4, 375:
lac,
to coagulate, curdle, Col. 7, 8, 1:
conducere musculum aut laxare,
to contract, Cael. Aur. Tard. 2, 1, n. 8:
ubi sunt nervi, interiores conducunt membra,
Plin. 11, 37, 88, § 218:
vulnera cerā,
to close up, Val. Fl. 1, 479 al. —
b.
Trop.:
propositionem et assumptionem in unum,
Cic. Inv. 1, 40, 73; cf. Quint. 5, 14, 9:
omnia probra in deorum maledicta,
Arn. 4, p. 146:
dies adeo conductus,
i. e. short, Sol. 22.—
2.
T. t. of the lang. of business, to hire, take on lease, to farm (correlative of locare; cf. Dig. 19, 2, 1; very freq. and class.).
a.
To hire for one's use, to hire, rent, employ; of things:
aedes aliquas mihi,
Plaut. Merc. 3, 2, 17; Suet. Tib. 35; cf.: domum in Palatio, [p. 410] Cic. Cael. 7, 18; id. Q. Fr. 2, 3, 7:
hortum,
id. Fam. 16, 18, 2:
qui colonus habuit conductum de Caesenniā fundum,
id. Caecin. 32, 94:
habitationem in annum,
Dig. 19, 2, 19:
ad certum tempus,
ib. 19, 2, 14:
insulam,
ib. 19, 2, 30:
conduxi domum a te,
Sen. Ben. 7, 5, 2:
nummos,
to borrow, Hor. S. 1, 2, 9; cf.
pecuniam,
Juv. 11, 46.—Esp., of persons:
ille qui me conduxit, ubi conduxit, abduxit domum,
Plaut. Trin. 4, 2, 11:
cocum,
id. Ps. 3, 2, 10 and 15; id. Aul. 2, 4, 1:
fidicinam, quae cantaret sibi,
id. Ep. 2, 3, 10:
meretricem,
id. Bacch. 5, 1, 11; cf. id. Am. 1, 1, 131; Nep. praef. § 4; and poet.:
torum,
Ov. Am. 1, 10, 44:
consulem vestrum ad caedem faciendam,
Cic. Prov. Cons. 4, 9:
praeceptores publice,
Plin. Ep. 4, 13, 6:
choragum,
Suet. Aug. 70:
homines,
Caes. B. G. 2, 1; so, militem (the Gr. xenologein), to hire soldiers, Curt. 3, 1, 1; 3, 9, 2 al.; cf. the foll. subst. —With ut or quin: aliquem uti taceat, to hire, bribe, employ, Cato ap. Gell. 1, 15, 10; cf.:
tribus non conduci possim libertatibus, quin, etc.,
could not be hired, Plaut. Cas. 2, 8, 68; cf. Lucil. ap. Non. p. 274, 21:
mercede aliquem,
Cic. Off. 2, 6, 22:
mercede diurnā conductus,
Hor. S. 2, 7, 18:
pictorem magno pretio,
Cic. Inv. 2, 1, 1.— Subst.
(α).
conducti, ōrum, m., hirelings, mercenary soldiers, Hor. A. P. 431; Nep. Dat. 8, 2; cf. Liv. 30, 7, 10; 30, 21, 3; 23, 13, 8 al.—Hence, poet.:
bella conducta,
carried on by mercenary troops, Sil. 5, 196. —
(β).
conductum, i, n., any thing hired, esp. a house, dwelling, etc., Cic. Clu. 62, 175; Sen. Ben. 7, 5, 3; Petr. 9, 4; Dig. 9, 3, 1; cf.:
locati conducti,
ib. 19, 2 tit.: actio ex conducto, an action upon a lease or contract, ib. 19, 2, 19, §§ 4 and 8 al.—
b.
To undertake any service (building, transportation, the customs, etc.), to contract for, farm:
caedundum illum (agnum) ego conduxi,
Plaut. Aul. 3, 6, 31; cf.:
caedundos agnos,
id. Capt. 4, 2, 39:
redemptor, qui columnam illam de Cottā conduxerat faciendam,
Cic. Div. 2, 21, 47:
locare faciendum quod ego conduxeram,
Dig. 19, 2, 48; so,
mulierem vehendam nave,
ib. 19, 2, 19:
aliquem docendum,
ib. 19, 2, 13, § 3; 13, 6, 19:
praebenda, quae ad exercitum opus essent,
to undertake the supplies, Liv. 23, 48, 11:
vectigalia,
to farm, Cic. Att. 1, 17, 9; Liv. 43, 16, 2:
tabulas in Italiam portandas,
Vell. 1, 13, 4; so,
portorium,
Cic. Inv. 1, 30, 47 al. —
II.
Neutr., to contribute to something by being useful, to be of use or profitable, to profit, serve, etc. (syn.: convenit, utile est; class.; used only in the 3 d pers. of the sing. and plur.); constr. with in, ad aliquid, the dat., or absol.
(α).
With in:
quod tuam in rem bene conducat,
Plaut. Cist. 3, 4; so, maxime in rempublicam, Sisenn. ap. Non. p. 274, 29:
in commune,
Tac. A. 2, 38.—
(β).
With ad:
ad ventris victum,
Plaut. Capt. 4, 3, 6:
ad vitae commoditatem,
Cic. Off. 1, 3, 9.—
(γ).
With dat. (so most freq.):
huic aetati non conducit latebrosus locus,
Plaut. Bacch. 1, 1, 22:
maxime rei publicae,
Cic. Prov. Cons. 1, 1; id. Off. 3, 27, 101:
neque homini infanti injuste facta conducunt,
id. Fin. 1, 16, 52; Col. 9, 1, 3:
omnibus,
Cic. Rep. 1, 32, 49:
tuae laudi,
id. Fam. 13, 48:
nostris rationibus,
id. Att. 1, 1, 2:
maxime sibi,
Quint. 11, 1, 12:
alvo citae (vinum),
Plin. 23, 1, 23, § 41:
proposito,
Hor. A. P. 195 et saep.:
imbres non conducunt vitibus,
Plin. 17, 2, 2, § 14.—
(δ).
Absol.:
dubitare non possumus. quin ea maxime conducant, quae sunt rectissima,
Cic. Fam. 5, 19, 2:
conducere arbitror talibus auris tuas vocibus undique circumsonare,
id. Off. 3, 2, 5.—Hence, P. a. as subst.; v. I. C. 2. b fin. supra.— Adv.: condūcenter, becomingly, fitly, Gell. 16, 12, 4.

Lewis & Short latin dictionary > conduco
8 conducti

con-dūco, xi, ctum, 3, v. a. and n.
I.
Act., to draw, bring, or lead together, to assemble, collect (class. in prose and poetry).
A.
In gen.
1.
Of persons (esp. freq. of the collecting, assembling of troops in any place): milites de castellis ad castra, Sisenn. ap. Non. p. 514, 7:
populum in forum,
Varr. ib. p. 274, 20:
exercitum in unum locum,
Caes. B. G. 2, 2:
eo copias omnes,
id. B. C. 3, 13 fin.:
copias suas,
id. B. G. 6, 31 init.; cf.
auxilia,
Liv. 30, 21, 3; 23, 13, 8:
dispersas suorum copias,
Tac. H. 4, 71:
virgines unum in locum,
Cic. Inv. 2, 1, 3:
omnis clientes suos eodem,
Caes. B. G. 1, 4:
milites in unum,
Sall. J. 51, 3; cf. Tac. A. 4, 47.—
2.
Of inanimate objects:
vineas,
Cic. Phil. 8, 6, 17:
nubila,
Ov. M. 1, 572 al. —
B.
Esp.,
1.
Intens., to connect, unite, by bringing together, = cogo, colligo.
a.
Prop. (so several times in Lucr., elsewhere rare):
partes in unum,
Lucr. 1, 398; 3, 533; cf. id. 1, 651; 6, 968; Vitr. 8, 1 fin.:
cortice ramos,
Ov. M. 4, 375:
lac,
to coagulate, curdle, Col. 7, 8, 1:
conducere musculum aut laxare,
to contract, Cael. Aur. Tard. 2, 1, n. 8:
ubi sunt nervi, interiores conducunt membra,
Plin. 11, 37, 88, § 218:
vulnera cerā,
to close up, Val. Fl. 1, 479 al. —
b.
Trop.:
propositionem et assumptionem in unum,
Cic. Inv. 1, 40, 73; cf. Quint. 5, 14, 9:
omnia probra in deorum maledicta,
Arn. 4, p. 146:
dies adeo conductus,
i. e. short, Sol. 22.—
2.
T. t. of the lang. of business, to hire, take on lease, to farm (correlative of locare; cf. Dig. 19, 2, 1; very freq. and class.).
a.
To hire for one's use, to hire, rent, employ; of things:
aedes aliquas mihi,
Plaut. Merc. 3, 2, 17; Suet. Tib. 35; cf.: domum in Palatio, [p. 410] Cic. Cael. 7, 18; id. Q. Fr. 2, 3, 7:
hortum,
id. Fam. 16, 18, 2:
qui colonus habuit conductum de Caesenniā fundum,
id. Caecin. 32, 94:
habitationem in annum,
Dig. 19, 2, 19:
ad certum tempus,
ib. 19, 2, 14:
insulam,
ib. 19, 2, 30:
conduxi domum a te,
Sen. Ben. 7, 5, 2:
nummos,
to borrow, Hor. S. 1, 2, 9; cf.
pecuniam,
Juv. 11, 46.—Esp., of persons:
ille qui me conduxit, ubi conduxit, abduxit domum,
Plaut. Trin. 4, 2, 11:
cocum,
id. Ps. 3, 2, 10 and 15; id. Aul. 2, 4, 1:
fidicinam, quae cantaret sibi,
id. Ep. 2, 3, 10:
meretricem,
id. Bacch. 5, 1, 11; cf. id. Am. 1, 1, 131; Nep. praef. § 4; and poet.:
torum,
Ov. Am. 1, 10, 44:
consulem vestrum ad caedem faciendam,
Cic. Prov. Cons. 4, 9:
praeceptores publice,
Plin. Ep. 4, 13, 6:
choragum,
Suet. Aug. 70:
homines,
Caes. B. G. 2, 1; so, militem (the Gr. xenologein), to hire soldiers, Curt. 3, 1, 1; 3, 9, 2 al.; cf. the foll. subst. —With ut or quin: aliquem uti taceat, to hire, bribe, employ, Cato ap. Gell. 1, 15, 10; cf.:
tribus non conduci possim libertatibus, quin, etc.,
could not be hired, Plaut. Cas. 2, 8, 68; cf. Lucil. ap. Non. p. 274, 21:
mercede aliquem,
Cic. Off. 2, 6, 22:
mercede diurnā conductus,
Hor. S. 2, 7, 18:
pictorem magno pretio,
Cic. Inv. 2, 1, 1.— Subst.
(α).
conducti, ōrum, m., hirelings, mercenary soldiers, Hor. A. P. 431; Nep. Dat. 8, 2; cf. Liv. 30, 7, 10; 30, 21, 3; 23, 13, 8 al.—Hence, poet.:
bella conducta,
carried on by mercenary troops, Sil. 5, 196. —
(β).
conductum, i, n., any thing hired, esp. a house, dwelling, etc., Cic. Clu. 62, 175; Sen. Ben. 7, 5, 3; Petr. 9, 4; Dig. 9, 3, 1; cf.:
locati conducti,
ib. 19, 2 tit.: actio ex conducto, an action upon a lease or contract, ib. 19, 2, 19, §§ 4 and 8 al.—
b.
To undertake any service (building, transportation, the customs, etc.), to contract for, farm:
caedundum illum (agnum) ego conduxi,
Plaut. Aul. 3, 6, 31; cf.:
caedundos agnos,
id. Capt. 4, 2, 39:
redemptor, qui columnam illam de Cottā conduxerat faciendam,
Cic. Div. 2, 21, 47:
locare faciendum quod ego conduxeram,
Dig. 19, 2, 48; so,
mulierem vehendam nave,
ib. 19, 2, 19:
aliquem docendum,
ib. 19, 2, 13, § 3; 13, 6, 19:
praebenda, quae ad exercitum opus essent,
to undertake the supplies, Liv. 23, 48, 11:
vectigalia,
to farm, Cic. Att. 1, 17, 9; Liv. 43, 16, 2:
tabulas in Italiam portandas,
Vell. 1, 13, 4; so,
portorium,
Cic. Inv. 1, 30, 47 al. —
II.
Neutr., to contribute to something by being useful, to be of use or profitable, to profit, serve, etc. (syn.: convenit, utile est; class.; used only in the 3 d pers. of the sing. and plur.); constr. with in, ad aliquid, the dat., or absol.
(α).
With in:
quod tuam in rem bene conducat,
Plaut. Cist. 3, 4; so, maxime in rempublicam, Sisenn. ap. Non. p. 274, 29:
in commune,
Tac. A. 2, 38.—
(β).
With ad:
ad ventris victum,
Plaut. Capt. 4, 3, 6:
ad vitae commoditatem,
Cic. Off. 1, 3, 9.—
(γ).
With dat. (so most freq.):
huic aetati non conducit latebrosus locus,
Plaut. Bacch. 1, 1, 22:
maxime rei publicae,
Cic. Prov. Cons. 1, 1; id. Off. 3, 27, 101:
neque homini infanti injuste facta conducunt,
id. Fin. 1, 16, 52; Col. 9, 1, 3:
omnibus,
Cic. Rep. 1, 32, 49:
tuae laudi,
id. Fam. 13, 48:
nostris rationibus,
id. Att. 1, 1, 2:
maxime sibi,
Quint. 11, 1, 12:
alvo citae (vinum),
Plin. 23, 1, 23, § 41:
proposito,
Hor. A. P. 195 et saep.:
imbres non conducunt vitibus,
Plin. 17, 2, 2, § 14.—
(δ).
Absol.:
dubitare non possumus. quin ea maxime conducant, quae sunt rectissima,
Cic. Fam. 5, 19, 2:
conducere arbitror talibus auris tuas vocibus undique circumsonare,
id. Off. 3, 2, 5.—Hence, P. a. as subst.; v. I. C. 2. b fin. supra.— Adv.: condūcenter, becomingly, fitly, Gell. 16, 12, 4.

Lewis & Short latin dictionary > conducti
9 conductum

con-dūco, xi, ctum, 3, v. a. and n.
I.
Act., to draw, bring, or lead together, to assemble, collect (class. in prose and poetry).
A.
In gen.
1.
Of persons (esp. freq. of the collecting, assembling of troops in any place): milites de castellis ad castra, Sisenn. ap. Non. p. 514, 7:
populum in forum,
Varr. ib. p. 274, 20:
exercitum in unum locum,
Caes. B. G. 2, 2:
eo copias omnes,
id. B. C. 3, 13 fin.:
copias suas,
id. B. G. 6, 31 init.; cf.
auxilia,
Liv. 30, 21, 3; 23, 13, 8:
dispersas suorum copias,
Tac. H. 4, 71:
virgines unum in locum,
Cic. Inv. 2, 1, 3:
omnis clientes suos eodem,
Caes. B. G. 1, 4:
milites in unum,
Sall. J. 51, 3; cf. Tac. A. 4, 47.—
2.
Of inanimate objects:
vineas,
Cic. Phil. 8, 6, 17:
nubila,
Ov. M. 1, 572 al. —
B.
Esp.,
1.
Intens., to connect, unite, by bringing together, = cogo, colligo.
a.
Prop. (so several times in Lucr., elsewhere rare):
partes in unum,
Lucr. 1, 398; 3, 533; cf. id. 1, 651; 6, 968; Vitr. 8, 1 fin.:
cortice ramos,
Ov. M. 4, 375:
lac,
to coagulate, curdle, Col. 7, 8, 1:
conducere musculum aut laxare,
to contract, Cael. Aur. Tard. 2, 1, n. 8:
ubi sunt nervi, interiores conducunt membra,
Plin. 11, 37, 88, § 218:
vulnera cerā,
to close up, Val. Fl. 1, 479 al. —
b.
Trop.:
propositionem et assumptionem in unum,
Cic. Inv. 1, 40, 73; cf. Quint. 5, 14, 9:
omnia probra in deorum maledicta,
Arn. 4, p. 146:
dies adeo conductus,
i. e. short, Sol. 22.—
2.
T. t. of the lang. of business, to hire, take on lease, to farm (correlative of locare; cf. Dig. 19, 2, 1; very freq. and class.).
a.
To hire for one's use, to hire, rent, employ; of things:
aedes aliquas mihi,
Plaut. Merc. 3, 2, 17; Suet. Tib. 35; cf.: domum in Palatio, [p. 410] Cic. Cael. 7, 18; id. Q. Fr. 2, 3, 7:
hortum,
id. Fam. 16, 18, 2:
qui colonus habuit conductum de Caesenniā fundum,
id. Caecin. 32, 94:
habitationem in annum,
Dig. 19, 2, 19:
ad certum tempus,
ib. 19, 2, 14:
insulam,
ib. 19, 2, 30:
conduxi domum a te,
Sen. Ben. 7, 5, 2:
nummos,
to borrow, Hor. S. 1, 2, 9; cf.
pecuniam,
Juv. 11, 46.—Esp., of persons:
ille qui me conduxit, ubi conduxit, abduxit domum,
Plaut. Trin. 4, 2, 11:
cocum,
id. Ps. 3, 2, 10 and 15; id. Aul. 2, 4, 1:
fidicinam, quae cantaret sibi,
id. Ep. 2, 3, 10:
meretricem,
id. Bacch. 5, 1, 11; cf. id. Am. 1, 1, 131; Nep. praef. § 4; and poet.:
torum,
Ov. Am. 1, 10, 44:
consulem vestrum ad caedem faciendam,
Cic. Prov. Cons. 4, 9:
praeceptores publice,
Plin. Ep. 4, 13, 6:
choragum,
Suet. Aug. 70:
homines,
Caes. B. G. 2, 1; so, militem (the Gr. xenologein), to hire soldiers, Curt. 3, 1, 1; 3, 9, 2 al.; cf. the foll. subst. —With ut or quin: aliquem uti taceat, to hire, bribe, employ, Cato ap. Gell. 1, 15, 10; cf.:
tribus non conduci possim libertatibus, quin, etc.,
could not be hired, Plaut. Cas. 2, 8, 68; cf. Lucil. ap. Non. p. 274, 21:
mercede aliquem,
Cic. Off. 2, 6, 22:
mercede diurnā conductus,
Hor. S. 2, 7, 18:
pictorem magno pretio,
Cic. Inv. 2, 1, 1.— Subst.
(α).
conducti, ōrum, m., hirelings, mercenary soldiers, Hor. A. P. 431; Nep. Dat. 8, 2; cf. Liv. 30, 7, 10; 30, 21, 3; 23, 13, 8 al.—Hence, poet.:
bella conducta,
carried on by mercenary troops, Sil. 5, 196. —
(β).
conductum, i, n., any thing hired, esp. a house, dwelling, etc., Cic. Clu. 62, 175; Sen. Ben. 7, 5, 3; Petr. 9, 4; Dig. 9, 3, 1; cf.:
locati conducti,
ib. 19, 2 tit.: actio ex conducto, an action upon a lease or contract, ib. 19, 2, 19, §§ 4 and 8 al.—
b.
To undertake any service (building, transportation, the customs, etc.), to contract for, farm:
caedundum illum (agnum) ego conduxi,
Plaut. Aul. 3, 6, 31; cf.:
caedundos agnos,
id. Capt. 4, 2, 39:
redemptor, qui columnam illam de Cottā conduxerat faciendam,
Cic. Div. 2, 21, 47:
locare faciendum quod ego conduxeram,
Dig. 19, 2, 48; so,
mulierem vehendam nave,
ib. 19, 2, 19:
aliquem docendum,
ib. 19, 2, 13, § 3; 13, 6, 19:
praebenda, quae ad exercitum opus essent,
to undertake the supplies, Liv. 23, 48, 11:
vectigalia,
to farm, Cic. Att. 1, 17, 9; Liv. 43, 16, 2:
tabulas in Italiam portandas,
Vell. 1, 13, 4; so,
portorium,
Cic. Inv. 1, 30, 47 al. —
II.
Neutr., to contribute to something by being useful, to be of use or profitable, to profit, serve, etc. (syn.: convenit, utile est; class.; used only in the 3 d pers. of the sing. and plur.); constr. with in, ad aliquid, the dat., or absol.
(α).
With in:
quod tuam in rem bene conducat,
Plaut. Cist. 3, 4; so, maxime in rempublicam, Sisenn. ap. Non. p. 274, 29:
in commune,
Tac. A. 2, 38.—
(β).
With ad:
ad ventris victum,
Plaut. Capt. 4, 3, 6:
ad vitae commoditatem,
Cic. Off. 1, 3, 9.—
(γ).
With dat. (so most freq.):
huic aetati non conducit latebrosus locus,
Plaut. Bacch. 1, 1, 22:
maxime rei publicae,
Cic. Prov. Cons. 1, 1; id. Off. 3, 27, 101:
neque homini infanti injuste facta conducunt,
id. Fin. 1, 16, 52; Col. 9, 1, 3:
omnibus,
Cic. Rep. 1, 32, 49:
tuae laudi,
id. Fam. 13, 48:
nostris rationibus,
id. Att. 1, 1, 2:
maxime sibi,
Quint. 11, 1, 12:
alvo citae (vinum),
Plin. 23, 1, 23, § 41:
proposito,
Hor. A. P. 195 et saep.:
imbres non conducunt vitibus,
Plin. 17, 2, 2, § 14.—
(δ).
Absol.:
dubitare non possumus. quin ea maxime conducant, quae sunt rectissima,
Cic. Fam. 5, 19, 2:
conducere arbitror talibus auris tuas vocibus undique circumsonare,
id. Off. 3, 2, 5.—Hence, P. a. as subst.; v. I. C. 2. b fin. supra.— Adv.: condūcenter, becomingly, fitly, Gell. 16, 12, 4.

Lewis & Short latin dictionary > conductum
10 deflecto

dē-flecto, xi, xum, 3, v. a. and n.
I.
Act., to bend downwards or aside, to turn aside or in another direction.
A.
Lit.:
ramum olivae,
Col. 5, 11, 14; cf.:
palmitem,
id. 4, 26, 3; Catull. 62, 51; Plin. 17, 23, 35, § 204:
tela (Venus),
Verg. A. 10, 331:
amnis in alium cursum,
Cic. Div. 1, 19 fin.: cursum ad Romanos. Liv. 10, 27:
vultum ab aliqua re ad aliquid,
Val. Max. 5, 10, 1:
carinam quolibet,
Luc. 5, 789; cf.:
rapidum iter,
id. 3, 337;
novam viam,
to turn off, construct in another direction, Liv. 39, 27 fin. —
B.
Trop.
1.
In gen.:
lumina,
Ov. M. 7, 789; cf.:
oculos a cura,
Val. Fl. 8, 76:
cum ipsos principes aliqua pravitas de via deflexit,
Cic. Rep. 1, 44:
aliquem ab institutis studiis,
Quint. 10, 1, 91:
ut declinet a proposito deflectatque sententiam,
Cic. Or. 40:
si ad verba rem deflectere velimus,
id. Caecin. 18, 51:
quaedam in senectute deflexit (for which, shortly before, mutavit), Cels. praef.: in ipsos factum deflectitur,
Quint. 7, 2, 23:
adversarios in suam utilitatem deflectere,
id. 4, 1, 71; cf.:
dotes puellae in pejus,
Ov. R. Am. 325:
tragoediam in obscenos risus,
id. Tr. 2, 409:
perniciosa consilia fortuna deflexit in melius,
Sen. Ben. 6, 8, 1:
virtutes in vitia,
Suet. Dom. 3:
se de curriculo petitionis,
to withdraw, id. Mur. 22 fin. —
2.
Esp. (late Lat.), gramm. t. t., to inflect, to vary the form of a word:
non solet sic deflecti,
August. in Psa. 140, 25.—
II.
Neutr., to turn off, turn aside.
A.
Lit.:
vulgus militum deflectere viā,
Tac. H. 2, 70; cf.
without via,
Suet. Aug. 93 fin.:
in Tuscos,
Plin. Ep. 4, 1, 3.—
B.
Trop. (freq., but almost exclusively in Cicero):
deflexit jam aliquantulum de spatio curriculoque consuetudo majorum,
Cic. Lael. 12; so,
de via (consuetudo),
id. Off. 2, 3, 9:
de recta regione,
id. Verr. 2, 5, 68:
a veritate,
id. Rosc. Com. 16:
oratio redeat illuc unde deflexit,
id. Tusc. 5, 28, 80:
a Domino,
Vulg. Sirach 36, 28; 2, 7.

Lewis & Short latin dictionary > deflecto
11 moror

1.
mŏror, ātus, 1, v. dep. n. and a. [mora].
I.
Neutr., to delay, tarry, stay, wait, remain, linger, loiter (syn.: cesso, cunctor, haesito; class.); eamus ergo ad cenam: quid stas? Thr. Ubi vis:
non moror,
i. e. I have no objection, Ter. Eun. 3, 2, 6:
Lucceius narravit, Brutum valde morari, non tergiversantem, sed exspectantem, si qui forte casus, etc.,
Cic. Att. 16, 5, 3:
quid moror?
Hor. C. 2, 17, 6:
quid multis moror?
why do I linger long? why make a long story of it? Ter. And. 1, 1, 87:
ne multis morer,
to be brief, in short, Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 46, § 104:
paulum morandum in his intervallis,
Quint. 11, 3, 39:
quod adhuc Brundisii moratus es,
have tarried, remained, Cic. Fam. 15, 17, 2:
in provinciā,
id. Att. 7, 1, 5:
haud multa moratus,
i. e. without delaying long, Verg. A. 3, 610:
nec plura moratus,
without tarrying any longer, id. ib. 5, 381:
rosa quo locorum Sera moretur,
may linger, may be, Hor. C. 1, 38, 3:
Corycia semper qui puppe moraris,
Juv. 14, 267.—With cum:
ubi, et cum quibus moreris,
stay, reside, Sen. Ep. 32, 1.—With quin:
nec morati sunt quin decurrerent ad castra,
Liv. 40, 31, 8.—In the part. perf. subst.:
ad sexcentos moratorum in citeriore ripā cepit,
Liv. 21, 47, 3; 21, 48, 6; cf.:
ad duo milia aut moratorum aut palantium per agros interfecta,
id. 24, 41, 4; v. Drakenb. ad h. 1.—
II.
Act., to delay, retard, detain, cause to wait, hinder:
ne affinem morer, Quin, etc.,
delay, Plaut. Aul. 4, 2, 5:
argentum non morabor quin feras,
id. As. 2, 2, 88:
morari ac sustinere impetum hostium,
Caes. B. C. 2, 26:
conanti dexteram manum,
id. ib. 5, 44, 8:
eum,
Cic. Fam. 6, 20, 28:
iter,
Caes. B. G. 7, 40:
naves,
Plin. 9, 25, 41, § 80:
morari ab itinere proposito hostem,
Liv. 23, 28, 9:
morantur pauci Ridiculum et fugientem ex urbe pudorem,
Juv. 11, 54.—
2.
To fix the attention of, to delight, amuse, entertain: morata recte Fabula Valdius oblectat, populum meliusque moratur, Quam, etc., delays, i. e. entertains, Hor. A. P. 321:
carmina, quae possint oculos auresque morari Caesaris,
arrest, id. Ep. 1, 13, 17:
tardior stilus cogitationem moratur,
Quint. 1, 1, 28: profecto non plus biduum aut— Ph. Aut? nihil moror, I will wait no longer, will bear no delay, Ter. Eun. 1, 2, 104:
egomet convivas moror,
keep them waiting, Ter. Heaut. 1, 1, 120.—
B.
In partic.: nihil morari aliquem, not to detain a person, to let him go, to dismiss. Thus the consul said when he dismissed the Senate:
Nihil amplius vos moramur,
I will detain you no longer, you are dismissed, Capitol. M. Aurel. 10. This is the customary formula for abandoning an accusation and dismissing an accused person:
C. Sempronium nihil moror,
i. e. I withdraw my accusation against, Liv. 4, 42, 8:
cum se nihil morari magistrum equitum pronuntiasset,
id. 8, 35, 8:
negavit, se Gracchum morari,
id. 43, 16, 16.—Hence,
2.
Trop.: nihil morari (with acc., an object-clause, or quo minus), to let a thing go, i. e. not to value or regard, to care nothing about it, to have nothing to say against it, etc.:
nam vina nihil moror illius orae,
care nothing for it, am not fond of it, Hor. Ep. 1, 15, 16:
officium,
id. ib. 2, 1, 264:
nec dona moror,
Verg. A. 5, 400:
nil ego istos moror faeceos mores,
Plaut. Trin. 2, 2, 18 Brix ad loc.—With object-clauses:
alieno uti nihil moror,
I do not want to, Plaut. Capt. prol. 16: nihil moror, eos salvos esse, et ire quo jubetis, am not opposed to it, have nothing to say against it, Ant. ap. Cic. Phil. 13, 17, 35:
nil moror eum tibi esse amicum,
Plaut. Trin. 2, 2, 56.— With quominus:
nihil ego quidem moror, quominus decemviratu abeam,
I do not hesitate to, I will immediately, Liv. 3, 54, 4. —Hence, * mŏrātē, adv., lingeringly, slowly:
moratius,
Sen. Q. N. 6, 14, 3.
► 1.
Act. collat. form mŏro, āre: quid moras? Naev. ap. Diom. p. 395 P.: morares Enn. ib.: moraret, Pac. ib. (cf. Enn. p. 154, v. 11 Vahl.; Trag. Rel. p. 82 Rib.; Com. Rel. p. 16 ib.).—
2.
Pass. impers.: ita diu, ut plus biennium in his tricis moretur, be spent, lost, Cael. ap. Cic. Fam. 8, 5, 2.
2.
mōror, 1, v. dep. n. [môros], to be foolish, be a fool (post-Aug.), in the lusus verbb.:
morari eum (Claudium) inter homines desiisse, productā primā syllabā, jocabatur,
Suet. Ner. 33.

Lewis & Short latin dictionary > moror
12 tum

tum, adv. demonstr., of time [pronom. demonstr. stems to-, ta-; Gr. to, seen in ita, tam, etc.; cf. quom or cum], then.
I.
Absol.
A.
Referring to a time previously specified.
1.
To a definite past time.
(α).
To a period of time in which something was or happened (opp. later periods) = illis temporibus:
is dictu'st ollis popularibus olim Qui tum vivebant homines,
Enn. Ann. v. 308 Vahl.:
quod tum erat res in pecore et locorum possessionibus, i. e. Romuli temporibus,
Cic. Rep. 2, 9, 16:
cum illi male dicerent, quod tum fieri licebat, i. e. Periclis temporibus,
id. de Or. 3, 34, 138:
erat omnino tum mos ut faciles essent in suum cuique tribuendo,
id. Brut. 21, 85; cf. id. Tusc. 1, 46, 111:
vastae tum in his locis solitudines erant,
Liv. 1, 4, 6; 2, 6, 8; 3, 29, 3; 4, 6, 12; 42, 62, 11;
44, 9, 4: ut tum erant tempora,
Nep. Att. 1, 2; 12, 3; Liv. 1, 3, 3; 1, 8, 4; 2, 7, 4; 2, 9, 8; 2, 50, 2; 2, 63, 6;
39, 6, 7 and 9.—With illis temporibus: nam jam tum illis temporibus fortius... loquebantur quam pugnabant,
Nep. Thras. 2, 4.—
(β).
Referring to a point of time, then, at that time:
insigneita fere tum milia militum octo Duxit,
Enn. Ann. v. 336 Vahl.: ut jacui exsurgo;
ardere censui aedis: ita tum confulgebant,
Plaut. Am. 5, 1, 15:
jam duo restabant fata tum,
id. Bacch. 4, 9, 35; id. Cist. 1, 3, 14: quot eras annos gnatus tum, quom, etc.? Me Septuennis, nam tum dentes mihi cadebant primulum, id. Men. 5, 9, 56; id. Merc. prol. 66; id. Most. 1, 2, 49; id. Am. 2, 1, 56; Ter. And. 1, 1, 82: sic igitur tum se levis ac diffusilis aether... undique flexit. Lucr. 5, 467; 5, 837; 5, 911; 5, 432;
5, 942: atque huic anno proximus Sulla consule et Pompejo fuit. Tum P. Sulpicii in tribunatu, cottidie contionantis, totum genus dicendi cognovimus,
Cic. Brut. 89, 306; id. Ac. 2, 22, 69:
scribit Eudemum Pheras venisse, quae erat urbs in Thessalia tum admodum nobilis,
id. Div. 1, 25, 53; id. Rep. 2, 37, 63:
hi tum in Asia rhetorum principes,
id. Brut. 91, 316; id. Sest. 11, 26; id. Planc. 37, 90; id. Quint. 61, 170; id. Fam. 9, 21, 2:
hoc tum veritus Caesar Pharum prehendit,
Caes. B. C. 3, 112:
eodem anno a Campanis Cumae, quam Graeci tum urbem tenebant, capiuntur,
Liv. 4, 44, 13; 1, 7, 14; 2, 9, 5;
2, 37, 7: praetores tum duos Latium habebat,
id. 8, 3, 9:
Aemilius, cujus tum fasces erant, dictatorem dixit,
id. 8, 12, 13; 5, 8, 4; 22, 46, 6;
1, 7, 12: tum Athenis perpetui archontes esse desierunt,
Vell. 1, 8, 3:
tum Cimbri et Teutoni transcendere Rhenum,
id. 2, 8, 3; Val. Max. 1, 5, 3; Tac. H. 4, 49; 3, 57:
non timido, non ignavo cessare tum licuit,
Curt. 3, 11, 5:
Archiae, qui tum maximum magistratum Thebis obtinebat,
Nep. Pelop. 3, 2; id. Phoc. 3, 3.—With in eo tempore: eum quem virile secus tum in eo tempore habebat, Asell. ap. Gell. 2, 13, 5.—Repeated by anaphora:
quae nox omnium temporum conjurationis acerrima fuit. Tum Catilinae dies exeundi, tum ceteris manendi condicio, tum descriptio... constituta est, tum tuus pater, etc.,
Cic. Sull. 18, 52; cf. Lucr. 5, 1377; 5, 1399.—
(γ).
Esp., referring to a former state, implying that it no longer exists:
quaesivit ex lege illa Cornelia quae tum erat,
Cic. Clu. 20, 55:
cum sententias Oppianicus, quae tum erat potestas, palam ferri velle dixisset,
id. ib. 27, 75:
Caere, opulento tum oppido,
Liv. 1, 2, 3; 3, 52, 3:
praetores aerarii (nam tum a praetoribus tractabatur aerarium), etc.,
Tac. H. 4, 9.—
(δ).
Expressly opposed to present time (hodie, nunc, hoc tempore, etc.; class. and very freq.; but in post-Aug. writers tunc is regularly used): prius non is eras qui eras;
nunc is factu's qui tum non eras,
Plaut. Trin. 4, 2, 138:
tu nunc tibi Id laudi ducis quod tum fecisti inopia?
Ter. Ad. 1, 2, 25; id. Hec. 3, 3, 48:
quae tabula, tum imperio tuo revulsa, nunc a me tamen reportata est,
Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 46, § 112:
tum imperator populi Romani deos patrios reportabat, nunc praetor ejusdem populi eosdem illos deos... auferebat,
id. ib. 2, 4, 35, § 77; cf. id. ib. 2, 4, 35, § 78; 2, 5, 20, § 51; id. Clu. 31, 86; id. Planc. 9, 22; id. Quint. 22, 71; id. Phil. 14, 8, 21; id. Leg. 2, 22, 57; Caes. B. C. 3, 17; Liv. 5, 3, 5; 6, 15, 11; 10, 9, 6.—
(ε).
Opposed to another time specified:
itaque tum eos exire jussit. Post autem e provincia litteras ad conlegium misit, se, etc.,
Cic. N. D. 2, 4, 11:
itaque ut tum carere rege, sic pulso Tarquinio nomen regis audire non poterat,
id. Rep. 2, 30, 53; id. Mil. 21, 55:
sicut legatorum antea, ita tum novorum colonorum caede imbutis armis,
Liv. 4, 31, 7; 39, 22, 10; 9, 36, 1; 2, 52, 7; 4, 2, 10; 4, 57, 11;
21, 17, 1: et tum sicca, prius celeberrima fontibus, Ide,
Ov. M. 2, 218; Verg. A. 11, 33; Nep. Arist. 2, 3; id. Ham. 11, 7.—
(ζ).
In the historians in applying general statements or truths to the state of affairs spoken of: communi enim fit vitio naturae ut invisis atque incognitis rebus... vehementius exterreamur;
ut tum accidit,
Caes. B. C. 2, 4; 3, 68; id. B. G. 7, 3; 2, 6; id. B. C. 1, 80:
foedera alia aliis legibus, ceterum eodem modo omnia fiunt. Tum ita factum accepimus,
Liv. 1, 24, 4; 1, 32, 14; 21, 31, 12.—
(η).
Denoting coincidence or inner connection with an action before mentioned = a temporal clause (tum = cum hoc fieret), then, on that occasion:
quis tum non ingemuit?
Cic. Vatin. 13, 31:
ne tum quidem hominum venustatem et facetias perspicere potuisti? i. e. cum coronam auream imponebant,
id. Fl. 31, 76: apud imperitos tum illa dicta sunt;
nunc agendum est subtilius,
id. Fin. 4, 27, 74:
itaque tum Stajenus condemnatus est,
i. e. in that trial, id. Clu. 36, 101; id. Sen. 7, 22:
M. Porcius Cato qui, asper ingenio, tum lenem mitemque senatorem egit,
Liv. 45, 25; Val. Max. 8, 3, 3:
sed tum supplicia dis... decernuntur,
Tac. A. 3, 64; 3, 72:
Graecia tum potuit Priamo quoque flenda videri,
Ov. M. 14, 474.—
With the occasion referred to specified in the same clause: Manlius... ex petulanti scurra in discordiis civitatis ad eam columnam tum suffragiis populi pervenerat,
Cic. Clu. 13, 39:
emisti tum in naufragio hujus urbis... tum, inquam, emisti ut, etc.,
id. Prov. Cons. 4, 7.—Repeated by anaphora: et Capitolinis injecit sedibus ignes. Tum statua Nattae, tum simulacra deorum, Romulusque et Remus cum altrice belua vi fulminis icti conciderunt, Cic. Div. 2, 20, 45;
so repeated seven times,
id. Rep. 1, 40, 62.—
(θ).
Redundant, the time of the action being clear without it (esp. in Cic.):
atque hoc tum judicio facto... tamen Avitus Oppianicum reum statim non facit,
Cic. Clu. 20, 56:
itaque tum ille inopia et necessitate coactus ad Caepasios confugit,
id. ib. 20, 57; id. Brut. 23, 90; 39, 145; 43, 161; cf. id. Sull. 18, 51, where tum redundant occurs six times successively.—
2.
In oblique discourse, referring to the time of the speaker, = nunc in direct discourse:
quando autem se, si tum non sint, pares hostibus fore?
if they were not now so, Liv. 3, 62, 1:
(dixit Sempronius)... nec tum agrum plebi, sed sibi invidiam quaeri,
id. 4, 44, 9; 4, 57, 4:
moenia eos tum transcendere non Italiae modo, sed etiam urbis Romanae,
id. 21, 35, 9; 5, 21, 7 (in this use nunc is also freq.).—
3.
Referring to indefinite time.
(α).
Then, at such a time of the year, day, etc., at such a season:
tum denique tauros in gregem redigo (after Lyra rises),
Varr. R. R. 2, 5, 12; 1, 35 fin.; Col. 11, 2, 87.—
(β).
With the force of an indefinite temporal clause, at such a time, in such circumstances, i. e. when such a thing happens as has happened:
qui (porci) a partu decimo die habentur puri, ab eo appellantur sacres, quod tum ad sacrificium idonei habentur primum,
Varr. R. R. 2, 4, 16; 2, 7, 13:
deinde cibum sequitur somnus... quia plurima tum se corpora conturbant (i. e. cum cibum ceperunt),
Lucr. 4, 957; 3, 599; 4, 892; 4, 919;
4, 1030: quam regionem cum superavit animus... finem altius se efferendi facit. Tum enim sui similem et levitatem et calorem adeptus... nullam in partem movetur,
Cic. Tusc. 1, 19, 43; 1, 31, 75; 3, 23, 55; 4, 24, 54; Tac. Dial. 7.—
(γ).
With the force of a conditional clause, then, in this instance, if so: immo res omnis relictas habeo prae quod tu velis. Ph. Tum tu igitur, qua causa missus es ad portum, id expedi (i. e. si ita est), Plaut. Stich. 2, 2, 39; id. Most. 5, 1, 55; id. As. 1, 1, 93; 2, 2, 64; 3, 3, 36; id. Aul. 3, 6, 31; id. Capt. 3, 4, 108; 4, 2, 78: non potitus essem;
fuisset tum illos mi aegre aliquot dies,
Ter. Phorm. 1, 3, 7; id. Eun. 2, 2, 50; 5, 1, 23; id. Hec. 3, 5, 12:
ego C. Caesaris laudibus desim, quas, etc.? Tum hercule me confitear non judicium aliquod habuisse,
Cic. Planc. 39, 93: scribant aliquid Isocrateo more...;
tum illos existimabo non desperatione formidavisse genus hoc,
id. Or. 70, 235; id. Font. 21, 49 (17, 39); id. Tusc. 1, 35, 85; id. Fam. 9, 8, 2; Ov. H. 18 (19), 81: vellem tam ferax saeculum haberemus...;
tum ego te primus hortarer, etc.,
Plin. Ep. 4, 15, 8.—
4.
Referring to future time.
(α).
To a definite time before mentioned:
ut sit satius perdere Quam aut nunc manere tam diu, aut tum persequi,
i. e. after my future return, Ter. Ad. 2, 2, 27:
jam nunc mente prospicio quae tum studia hominum, qui concursus futuri sint,
Cic. Div. in Caecin. 13, 42; id. Verr. 1, 13, 37; 1, 10, 30; id. Prov. Cons. 7, 17; id. Marcell. 9, 30:
tum meae... Vocis accedet bona pars,
Hor. C. 4, 2, 45.—
(β).
With the force of a conditional clause (cf. 3. b, supra), then, in this instance, if so: specta, tum scies. Plaut. Bacch. 4, 9, 100; cf.:
quom videbis, tum scies,
id. ib. 1, 2, 37: tuom incendes genus;
Tum igitur aquae erit tibi cupido, etc.,
id. Trin. 3, 2, 50; id. Curc. 2, 3, 17:
confer sudantes, ructantes, refertos epulis... tum intelleges, etc.,
Cic. Tusc. 5, 34, 100; id. Planc. 18, 45; id. Phil. 2, 45, 115:
agedum, dictatorem creemus... Pulset tum mihi lictorem qui sciet, etc.,
Liv. 2, 29, 12; Cic. Phil. 10, 3, 6; id. Or. 23, 78; 71, 235; Liv. 4, 22, 11; 5, 16, 10; 9, 11, 4.—
B.
Referring to a time subsequent to a time mentioned, then, thereupon.
1.
Simple sequence in time.
(α).
Time proper (only of an immediate sequence;
otherwise deinde, postea, etc., are used): tum cum corde suo divum pater atque hominum rex Effatur, etc.,
Enn. Ann. 179:
dico ei quo pactod eam viderim erilem nostram filiam sustollere. Extimuit tum illa,
Plaut. Cist. 2, 3, 9; id. Bacch. 3, 3, 29; id. As. 4, 1, 58: tum ille egens forte adplicat Primum ad Chrysidis patrem se. Ter. And. 5, 4, 21; id. Eun. 3, 1, 17; Cato, R. R. 48 (49); 135 (136); so id. ib. 112 (113): equos quinto anno... amittere binos (dentes);
tum renascentes eis sexto anno impleri,
Varr. R. R. 2, 7, 2 sq.: collo [p. 1909] cari jussit hominem in aureo lecto, abacosque complures ornavit... Tum ad mensam eximia forma pueros jussit consistere, eosque, etc., Cic. Tusc. 5, 21, 61:
dixerat hoc ille, cum puer nuntiavit venire ad eum Laelium... Tum Scipio e cubiculo est egressus, etc.,
id. Rep. 1, 12, 18; id. Div. 2, 66, 135; id. Clu. 14, 40; id. Cat. 3, 5, 10; id. Ac. 2, 5, 13; id. Div. 1, 35, 77:
hostes suos ab oppugnatione reduxerunt. Tum suo more conclamaverunt ut, etc.,
Caes. B. G. 5, 26; cf. id. ib. 7, 64; 5, 43 fin.;
5, 48: adsurgentem ibi regem cuspide ad terram adfixit. Tum spolia caputque abscisum spiculo gerens... hostes fudit,
Liv. 4, 19, 5; 5, 21, 1; 1, 26, 9; 1, 18, 10; 1, 20, 1; 1, 22, 6; 1, 28, 4; 1, 28, 9; 2, 24, 4;
3, 8, 11, etc.: tum Caesar cum exercitu Thessaliam petit,
Vell. 2, 52, 1; Val. Max. 5, 1, 3; Curt. 4, 3, 7; Tac. A. 3, 28; 11, 35; id. H. 4, 84; Ov. M. 2, 122; 4, 80; 7, 121; 10, 481; 14, 386; Flor. 1, 13, 12; Gell. 1, 19, 5; 1, 23, 5.—
(β).
In partic., foll. by an abl. absol.:
tum, prope jam perculsis aliis tribunis, A. Verginius Caesoni capitis diem dicit,
Liv. 3, 11, 9; 8, 32, 1; 10, 29, 12:
tum omni spe perdita, Meherdates dolo ejus vincitur, traditurque victori,
Tac. A. 12, 15; 12, 16:
tum, ferro extracto, confestim exanimatus est,
Nep. Epam. 9, 4.—
(γ).
Implying a connection between two events, hence, under these circumstances, accordingly, thereupon:
at pater omnipotens ira tum percitus acri... Phaethonta... Deturbavit in terram,
Lucr. 5, 399:
madefactum iri Graeciam sanguine... tum neque te ipsum non esse commotum, Marcumque Varronem et M. Catonem... vehementer esse perterritos,
Cic. Div. 1, 32, 68; cf. id. ib. 1, 34, 76; Caes. B. G. 4, 25; cf. id. ib. 5, 49; 5, 51;
7, 59: quippe quibus nec domi spes prolis, nec cum finitimis conubia essent. Tum ex consilio patrum Romulus legatos circa vicinas gentes misit,
Liv. 1, 9, 2; 3, 26, 1; 3, 31, 7; 4, 45, 7.—
2.
Enumeration of a series of events; the co-ordinate clauses introduced by tum... tum, or primum (primo)... deinde... tum, etc.
(α).
Succession of time proper:
ducem Hannibali unum e concilio datum (a Jove), tum ei ducem illum praecepisse ne respiceret, illum autem respexisse, tum visam beluam vastam, etc.,
Cic. Div. 1, 24, 49; 1, 27, 57; 2, 28, 58 sq.:
primo... deinde... tum... tum,
id. Fin. 1, 16, 50; 5, 23, 65; id. Tusc. 5, 2, 5:
primum... deinde... tum... postremo,
id. N. D. 2, 1, 3; 3, 3, 6: primum colonos inde Romanos expulit: inde in Latinam viam transgressus, etc., inde Lavinium recepit; tum deinceps Corbionem, Vitelliam;
postremum, etc.,
Liv. 2, 39, 4:
primi consules sub jugum missi, tum ut quisque gradu proximus erat, tum deinceps singulae legiones,
id. 9, 6, 1:
primo... deinde... tum... tum,
id. 21, 22, 8; id. praef. 9; 3, 28, 8: 5, 39, 7;
23, 23, 6: deinde... deinde... Tum... post quas, etc.,
Curt. 3, 3, 24: primum... deinde... deinde... tum... postea, Masur. Gabin. ap. Gell. 5, 13, 5; Gai. Inst. 4, 60.—
(β).
So in partic.: tum (also hic, et;
not deinde or postea), to denote the succession of speakers in dialogue: immo duas dabo, inquit adulescens... Tum senex ille: Si vis, inquit, quattuor sane dato,
Plaut. Stich. 4, 1, 46 dub.:
tum Piso... inquit, etc. Tum Quintus... inquit, etc. Hic ego... inquam, etc. Tum ille... inquit, etc. Tum Piso... inquit, etc. Et ille ridens... inquit, etc. Tum Piso exorsus est, etc.,
Cic. Fin. 5, 1, 2 sqq.:
tum Atticus... inquit, etc. Tum ille... inquit, etc. Tum Brutus, etc. Tum ille, etc. Tum Atticus, etc. Tum Pomponius... inquit, etc.,
id. Brut. 3, 11 sqq., and through the whole treatise; cf. id. Ac. 1, 2, 4; 1, 3, 9; 1, 4, 13; 1, 12, 43 and 44; 2, 19, 63; id. N. D. 1, 6, 15 sqq.; id. Rep. 1, 13, 19 sqq.; Liv. 7, 10, 2 sqq.; 23, 12, 8; Tac. Dial. 3; 15; 25; 42; Gell. 3, 1, 11 sqq.; 18, 1, 9 sqq.; Ov. M. 14, 594.—
(γ).
Transf., of sequence or succession of thought, passing into mere co-ordination (v. C. 2. b, g), then... again... furthermore:
qui mi in cursu obstiterit, faxo vitae is obstiterit suae. Prius edico ne quis, etc. Tum pistores scrofipasci qui, etc. Tum piscatores.... Tum lanii autem qui, etc.,
Plaut. Capt. 4, 2, 28; 4, 2, 34; 4, 2, 39: (res familiaris) primum bene parta sit, tum quam plurimis se utilem praebeat, deinde augeatur ratione, diligentia, etc., Cic. Off. 1, 26, 92; id. Ac. 2, 47, 146; id. Tusc. 1, 28, 68 sq.; 5, 40, 117; id. Ac. 2, 10, 30; id. de Or. 1, 42, 190; id. Cat. 4, 3, 5; id. Agr. 1, 2, 5; id. Clu. 2, 6; Liv. 3, 26, 11.—
C.
Hence, as co-ordinating conjunction, introducing an additional assertion, or thought.
1.
Alone, = praeterea, and then, besides, also, moreover, on the other hand (freq. in ante-class. style and in Cic.;
rare in Livy and post-Aug. prose): argenti aurique advexit multum, lanam purpuramque multam... tum Babylonica peristromata, etc.,
Plaut. Stich. 2, 3, 54; id. Rud. 2, 4, 10; id. Bacch. 4, 3, 71; 4, 8, 17; id. Ps. 3, 2, 78; id. Aul. 1, 2, 6; 1, 3, 16; id. Men. 5, 5, 41; id. Mil. 4, 2, 13; id. Pers. 1, 3, 15; 4, 2, 3; Ter. And. 1, 5, 27; 1, 2, 21; 2, 3, 7; id. Eun. prol. 4; 5, 6, 15; id. Heaut. 2, 1, 16; Lucr. 4, 680; cf. id. 1, 494; 4, 1152:
magnum ingenium L. Luculli, magnumque optimarum artium studium, tum omnis ab eo percepta doctrina... caruit omnino rebus urbanis,
Cic. Ac. 2, 1, 1; 2, 14, 43; id. Div. 1, 24, 50; 1, 42, 94; id. de Or. 1, 46, 201; id. Off. 1, 6, 19; id. Fin. 1, 6, 21; 2, 16, 53; id. Leg. 1, 5, 17; 1, 9, 26; id. Rab. Post. 14, 40; id. Phil. 13, 12, 26:
altera ex parte Bellovaci instabant, alteram Camulogenus tenebat: tum legiones a praesidio interclusas maximum flumen distinebat,
Caes. B. G. 7, 59; id. B. C. 3, 49: naves convenerunt duae Punicae quinqueremes;
duae ab Heraclea triremes... tum quinque Rhodiae quadriremes,
Liv. 42, 56, 6; 1, 40, 4; Sen. Vit. Beat. 3, 4; Just. 5, 10, 3.—Sometimes connecting two terms of the same clause, with the force of cum... tum (v. infra, 3. d.):
quot me censes homines jam deverberasse, hospites tum civis?
Ter. Phorm. 2, 2, 14:
faciendum est igitur nobis ut... veteranorum, tum legionis Martiae quartaeque consensus... confirmetur,
Cic. Phil. 3, 3, 7; Liv. 28, 43, 1 (in co-ordination often with etiam, autem, and sometimes with praeterea and porro; v. III. infra).—
2.
Tum as correlative of a preceding tum.
(α).
With an added assertion or thought: ita est haec hominum natio: voluptarii atque potatores, Tum sycophantae... plurimi In urbe habitant;
tum meretrices mulieres Nusquam perhibentur blandiores gentium,
Plaut. Men. 2, 1, 35; id. Ep. 2, 2, 28; id. Mil. 3, 1, 100; 3, 1, 102.—
(β).
Tum... tum = nunc... nunc (modo... modo), sometimes... sometimes, now... now, at one time... at another (freq. in Cic., not in Caes., rare in Liv., and very rare in postAug. writers):
tum huc, tum illuc inretitos impedit piscis,
Plaut. Truc. 1, 1, 17:
tum hoc mihi probabilius, tum illud videtur,
Cic. Ac. 2, 43, 134:
mihi... tum hoc tum illud probabilius videtur,
id. Off. 3, 7, 33; so id. Am. 4, 13; id. Sen. 13, 45; id. Top. 7, 31; id. N. D. 2, 19, 49:
(alvus) tum restringitur, tum relaxatur,
id. ib. 2, 54, 136; id. Rep. 3, 13 (14), 23; id. Leg. 2, 7, 16; id. Or. 63, 212; id. Sen. 3, 7; id. Inv. 1, 37, 66:
dictator tum appellare tum adhortari milites,
Liv. 8, 39, 4; Suet. Ner. 1; Gell. 1, 11, 15.—Tum may be repeated several times:
plerique propter voluptatem tum in morbos graves, tum in damna, tum in dedecora incurrunt,
Cic. Fin. 1, 14, 47; 3, 7, 26;
so three times,
id. N. D. 1, 12, 29; 1, 14, 37; 1, 15, 39; id. Inv. 1, 52, 98; id. Or. 3, 45, 177; id. Off. 1, 7, 22; id. Leg. 2, 17, 43; id. Top. 25, 96;
four times,
id. N. D. 1, 43, 120; 2, 20, 52; 2, 39, 101; id. Verr. 2, 4, 34, § 75;
five times,
id. N. D. 2, 5, 14; id. Inv. 1, 13, 17; 1, 41, 76; id. Verr. 2, 5, 36, § 94;
six times,
id. ib. 1, 53, 120;
seven times,
Quint. 9, 4, 133;
nine times,
Cic. N. D. 2, 50, 51.—And in chronological order (to be distinguished from the instances B. 2. a and g):
Atheniensium (rem publicam constituerunt) tum Theseus, tum Draco, tum Solo, tum Clisthenes, tum multi alii,
at different times, successively, Cic. Rep. 2, 1, 2.—
(γ).
Preceded or followed by other co-ordinate words (alias, modo, aliquando, aut... aut, nunc... nunc):
ex quo intellegitur qualis ille sit quem tum moderatum, alias modestum, tum temperantem, alias constantem continentemque dicimus,
Cic. Tusc. 4, 16, 36:
tum... tum... aliquando,
id. Div. 2, 2, 6:
tum... tum... aut... aut,
id. Or. 61, 204:
modo... tum autem,
id. N. D. 2, 40, 142:
nunc... nunc... tum... tum,
Flor. 1, 17, 5.—
(δ).
Tum... tum = et... et, both... and, not only... but also, partly... partly, without regard to time, the second term being frequently strengthened by etiam (mostly post-Aug.):
Milo Compsam oppugnans, ictusque lapide tum Clodio, tum patriae, quam armis petebat, poenas dedit,
Vell. 2, 68, 3:
Muciam et Fulviam, tum a patre, tum a viro utramque inclitam,
Val. Max. 9, 1, 8:
Caesar Pompejo tum proprias, tum etiam filiae lacrimas reddidit,
id. 5, 1, 10; Quint. 7, 3, 18; Sen. Q. N. 4, 2, 28; id. Clem. 1, 19, 2; Front. Aquaed. 1; Tac. A. 12, 33; Suet. Tit. 3; Nep. praef. 8;
and with etiam,
Val. Max. 2, 2, 8; 5, 9, 1; 7, 6 prooem.; Nep. Them. 2, 3.—
3.
As correlative with a preceding cum, introducing particular after a universal or a stronger or more important assertion after a weaker or less important.
a.
Connecting complete sentences with different predicates, cum... tum = as... so, while... (tum being not translated; ante-class. cum always with indic.; class. with subj. or indic.):
quom antehac te amavi, et mihi amicam esse crevi... tum id mihi hodie aperuisti,
Plaut. Cist. 1, 1, 2; id. Truc. 4, 1, 6:
quom id mihi placebat, tum uno ore omnes omnia Bona dicere,
Ter. And. 1, 1, 69; id. Phorm. 1, 4, 10:
quae cum res tota ficta sit pueriliter, tum ne efficit quidem quod vult,
Cic. Fin. 1, 6, 19; id. Tusc. 5, 39, 13; id. Fam. 13, 16, 1; and so with subj., id. N. D. 1, 1, 1; id. Off. 3, 2, 5; id. Lael. 7, 23; id. Brut. 39, 145; 11, 250:
cum omnium rerum simulatio est vitiosa, tum amicitiae repugnat maxime,
id. Lael. 25, 91; id. Div. 2, 27, 58; and so with indic., id. Planc. 33, 80; id. Tull. 4, 8; id. Div. in Caecil. 20, 65; id. Sest. 1, 2; id. Fam. 16, 4, 4:
haec cum merito ejus fieri intellegebat, tum magni interesse arbitrabatur, etc.,
Caes. B. G. 5, 4; 3, 16; id. B. C. 1, 58; Liv. 3, 34, 1; 4, 53, 4.—
b.
Clauses with the same predicate, which is placed after the first clause (always with indic.):
nam mihi, cum multa eximie divineque videntur Athenae tuae peperisse, tum nihil melius illis mysteriis quibus, etc.,
Cic. Leg. 2, 14, 36; id. Tusc. 4, 18, 42; id. Phil. 2, 5, 12; Liv. 4, 46, 10; 6, 38, 10.—
c.
Clauses with a common predicate placed before both co-ordinate terms, cum... tum = not only, but also; as... so especially:
visa est Arcesilae cum vera sententia, tum honesta et digna sapiente,
Cic. Ac. 2, 24, 77; id. Fin. 1, 16, 51; 2, 35, 119; 3, 1, 3:
movit patres conscriptos cum causa tum auctor,
Liv. 9, 10, 1; 4, 57, 2; Suet. Ner. 46 init. —
d.
With a common predicate after both co-ordinate terms:
quom virum tum uxorem, di vos perdant,
Plaut. Men. 4, 2, 103:
luxuria cum omni aetati turpis tum senectuti foedissima est,
Cic. Off. 1, 34, 123; id. Clu. 59, 161; id. Verr. 2, 1, 34, § 86; id. N. D. 1, 21, 57; id. Deiot. 9, 26; id. Clu. 16, 46:
concitatos animos flecti quam frangi putabat cum tutius tum facilius esse,
Liv. 2, 23, 15; 6, 9, 8; 1, 57, 1; 10, 26, 13; Tac. Dial. 5.—With tum several times repeated:
quem pater moriens cum tutoribus et propinquis, tum legibus, tum aequitati magistratuum, tum judiciis vestris commendatum putavit,
Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 58, § 151; cf. esp. id. Planc. 40, 95. —
e.
Tum, in this construction, is freq. strengthened,
(α).
By vero:
cum haec sunt videnda, tum vero illud est hominis magni, etc.,
in particular, Cic. Clu. 58, 159; id. Mur. 27, 55; id. Phil. 3, 5, 12; 7, 3, 9; cf. id. Or. 1, 23, 106; 3, 16, 60; Liv. 34, 39, 9; Quint. 12, 1, 25.—
(β).
By maxime, above all, most of all, especially, chiefly:
cum omnibus in rebus temeritas in adsentando turpis est, tum in eo loco maxime in quo ju dicandum est quantum, etc.,
Cic. Div. 1, 4, 7; id. Tusc. 4, 1, 1; 5, 12, 36; id. Rosc. Am. 25, 69:
cum infamia atque indignitas rei impediebat, tum maxime quod, etc.,
Caes. B. G. 7, 56; Sall. J. 43, 5; Liv. 1, 8, 2; Suet. Claud. 30; Quint. 6, 1, 29.—
(γ).
By praecipue, especially, chiefly, above all:
cum omnium sociorum provinciarumque rationem diligenter habere debetis, tum praecipue Siciliae,
Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 1, § 2; id. Fam. 13, 11, 3:
fortuna quae plurimum potest cum in reliquis rebus, tum praecipue in bello,
Caes. B. C. 3, 68; Liv. 22, 43, 11; 1, 40, 3; Quint. 1, 1, 29; 1, 10, 13; 5, 10, 106; Plin. Ep. 4, 3, 2.—
(δ).
By inprimis, chiefly, principally:
cum multa non probo, tum illud inprimis quod, etc.,
Cic. Fin. 1, 6, 18; id. Fam. 12, 22, 3.—
(ε).
By cumprimis, chiefly, principally: quapropter bene cum superis de rebus habenda Nobis est ratio... tum cumprimis Unde anima atque animi constet [p. 1910] natura videndum, Lucr. 1, 131.—
(ζ).
By certe, especially, at least, assuredly:
at cum de plurimis eadem dicit, tum certe de maximis,
Cic. Fin. 4, 5, 13; id. Fam. 7, 4; cf. Quint. 2, 1, 10.—
(η).
By nimirum, assuredly, undoubtedly:
cum plurimas... commoditates amicitia contineat, tum illa nimirum praestat omnibus quod, etc.,
Cic. Am. 7, 23. —
(θ).
By etiam, besides, as well:
cum omnes omnibus ex terris homines improbos audacesque collegerat, tum etiam multos fortes viros et bonos... tenebat,
Cic. Cael. 6, 14; id. Ac. 2, 10, 31; id. Tusc. 1, 1, 2:
quos tu cum memoriter, tum etiam erga nos amice et benevole collegisti,
id. Fin. 1, 10, 34; id. Verr. 2, 3, 23, § 56:
cum sua virtute, tum etiam alienis vitiis,
id. Leg. 23, 67; id. Fin. 2, 12, 38; id. N. D. 2, 37, 95; id. de Or. 3, 60, 225; Liv. 1, 21, 2; 7, 23, 6; 7, 32, 10; Val. Max. 7, 2, 3; 3, 2, 10; 9, 6, 3; Quint. 9, 1, 20; 9, 4, 143.—
(ι).
By quoque, also, besides, as well:
cum potestas major, tum vir quoque potestati par hostes trans Anienem submovere,
Liv. 4, 17, 11; 1, 22, 2; cf. Quint. 12, 10, 72.—
(κ).
By et, also, besides, too:
cujus mortem cum luctus civitatis, tum et dictaturae undecim insignem fecere,
Just. 19, 1, 7.—
(λ).
By praeterea, moreover, besides:
dicimus C. Verrem cum multa libidinose fecerit, tum praeterea quadringentiens sestertium ex Sicilia abstulisse,
Cic. Verr. 1, 18, 56.
II.
Tum as correlative of dependent clauses (freq. in ante - class. writings and Cic., rare in post-Aug. writings).
A.
With temporal clauses, introduced by cum, = at the time when, at a time when.
1.
Referring to definite past time.
a.
Tum as antecedent of cum:
jam tum cum primum jussit me ad se arcessier, Roget quis, Quid tibi cum illa?
Ter. Eun. 3, 3, 4; id. Heaut. 2, 3, 21:
qui (Hercules) tum dolore frangebatur cum immortalitatem ipsa morte quaerebat,
Cic. Tusc. 2, 8, 20:
bene apud majores nostros senatus tum cum florebat imperium decrevit ut, etc.,
id. Div. 1, 41, 91; id. Phil. 2, 44, 114; id. Div. 1, 17, 30; id. Verr. 2, 2, 66, § 160; id. Clu. 33, 89; id. Verr. 1, 2, 5; id. Brut. 2, 7; 23, 89; id. Off. 3, 27, 100; id. Agr. 2, 24, 64; id. Phil. 2, 39, 100; 3, 4, 11:
tum mittendos legatos fuisse cum Perseus Graecas urbes obsideret,
Liv. 45, 3, 7:
tum cum Vipereos sparsi... dentes,
Ov. M. 4, 572; id. H. 3, 23; Val. Max. 6, 1, 12.—After pluperf.:
nam tum cum in Asia res magnas permulti amiserant scimus Romae solutione impedita fidem concidisse,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 7, 19; Val. Max. 3, 6, 1; 2, 8, 15 fin. —Tum inserted in the temporal clause:
cum Davo egomet vidi jurgantem ancillam... quom ibi me adesse neuter tum praesenserat,
Ter. And. 5, 1, 20.—
b.
Tum, introducing the apodosis of the temporal clause (generally not transl. in Engl.).
(α).
Of coincident events, cum... tum = while: quom genui tum morituros scivi, Enn. ap. Cic. Div. 1, 58, 132 (Trag. Rel. v. 361 Vahl.); Ter. Phorm. 3, 2, 18:
cum minime videbamur, tum maxime philosophabamur,
Cic. N. D. 1, 3, 6; id. Agr. 2, 11, 26; id. Cael. 26, 63; id. Phil. 3, 5, 13:
cum pavida mulier nullam opem videret, tum Tarquinius fateri amorem, orare, etc.,
Liv. 1, 58, 3; 5, 11, 4. —
(β).
Tum = deinde, usu. after a pluperf.:
id cum Sulla fecisset, tum ante oppidum Nolam Samnitium castra cepit,
Cic. Div. 1, 33, 72; id. Brut. 92, 319; id. Ac. 2, 3, 9; 2, 3, 15; id. Fin. 1, 8, 26; id. Tusc. 4, 20, 45; id. Div. 1, 25, 53; 2, 2, 7; id. Rep. 2, 25, 47; Liv. 21, 11, 8; cf. id. 1, 26, 7; 23, 22, 4.—Inserted in the apodosis:
cum jam humanae opes egestae a Veis essent, amoliri tum deum dona,
Liv. 5, 22, 3.—
2.
Referring to definite present time:
quem esse negas, eundem esse dicis. Cum enim miserum esse dicis, tum eum qui non sit, dicis esse,
Cic. Tusc. 1, 6, 12.—
3.
Referring to indefinite time.
a.
As antecedent of the clause, = at the time when, at a time when, whenever: hominum inmortalis est infamia;
etiam tum vivit quom esse credas mortuam,
Plaut. Pers. 3, 1, 28; id. As. 1, 3, 55; id. Merc. 3, 2, 7; Cato, R. R. 31:
nec sibi enim quisquam tum se vitamque requirit Cum pariter mens et corpus sopita quiescunt,
Lucr. 3, 919; 4, 444; 4, 455;
4, 1166: omnis praedictio mali tum probatur cum ad praedictionem cautio adjungitur,
Cic. Div. 2, 25, 54; id. Fin. 2, 32, 104; id. N. D. 2, 3, 9: tum cum sine pondere suci Mobilibus ventis arida facta volant, Ov. H. 5, 109; Cic. Ac. 1, 12, 44; 2, 27, 88; id. Fin. 4, 8, 20; id. Tusc. 3, 9, 20; 5, 26, 73; id. N. D. 1, 4, 9; id. Off. 1, 27, 93.—Tum maxime... cum plurimum = eo magis quo magis:
eam (partem animi) tum maxime vigere cum plurimum absit a corpore,
Cic. Div. 1, 32, 70; so, cum maxime... tum maxime; v. b. a foll.—
b.
Tum introducing the apodosis.
(α).
As coincident:
quom amamus, tum perimus,
Plaut. Truc. 1, 2, 94:
ulmus, cum folia cadunt, tum iterum tempestiva est,
Cato, R. R. 17; so id. ib. 155 (156):
cum ea quae quasi involuta fuerunt, aperti sunt, tum inventa dicuntur,
Cic. Ac. 2, 8, 26; id. Fin. 5, 10, 29; 1, 17, 57; id. N. D. 2, 52, 129; 1, 19, 49; id. Imp. Pomp. 6, 15.—Cum maxime... tum maxime = quo magis eo magis:
nam quom pugnabant maxume, ego tum fugiebam maxume,
Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 45:
quamobrem omnes, cum secundae res sunt maxume, tum maxume Meditari secum oportet, etc.,
Cic. Tusc. 3, 14, 30 poet. —
(β).
As subsequent:
ad legionem quom itum, adminiculum eis danunt tum jam aliquem cognatum suum,
Plaut. Most. 1, 2, 47:
eo cum accessit ratio argumentique conclusio... tum et perceptio eorum omnium apparet,
Cic. Ac. 2, 10, 30; 2, 41, 128; id. Fin. 5, 9, 24; 1, 20, 69; 5, 15, 41; id. Tusc. 1, 4, 8; 1, 24, 58; 3, 2, 3; id. N. D. 2, 48, 123; id. Div. 2, 19, 44.—
4.
Referring to future time.
(α).
Tum as antecedent of cum:
quom mi haec dicentur dicta, tum tu, furcifer, quasi mus in medio pariete vorsabere,
Plaut. Cas. 1, 51; id. Bacch. 3, 4, 20:
non committam ut tum haec res judicetur cum haec frequentia Roma discesserit,
Cic. Verr. 1, 18, 54; id. Agr. 2, 17, 44; 2, 25, 67; id. Fin. 4, 22, 62; id. Tusc. 1, 20, 46; Liv. 23, 13, 4; 41, 10, 7; Ov. M. 2, 651; id. H. 15, 293; Nep. Them. 6, 5.—
(β).
Tum introducing the apodosis:
quom videbis, tum scies,
Plaut. Bacch. 1, 2, 37; 4, 6, 30:
de quo cum perpauca dixero, tum ad jus civile veniam,
Cic. Leg. 1, 12, 34; id. Clu. 2, 6; 4, 9; Liv. 3, 56, 10.—
B.
With temporal clause, introduced by ubi.
1.
Tum as antecedent of the clause (very rare):
vitem novellam resecare tum erit tempus ubi valebit,
Cato, R. R. 33:
tum tu igitur demum id adulescenti aurum dabis, ubi erit locata virgo in matrimonium?
Plaut. Trin. 3, 3, 52.—
2.
Tum introducing the apodosis.
(α).
Referring to definite past time (tum always = deinde):
ubi eorum dolorem majorem quam ceterorum cognovi, tum meum animum in illos, tum mei consilii causam proposui, tum eos hortatus sum, etc.,
Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 63, § 140; Sall. J. 94, 3:
ubi illuxit, et Romanis Punica et Gallica arma cognita, tum dubitationem exemere,
Liv. 25, 10, 5; 1, 9, 10; 4, 57, 3; 9, 43, 16; 21, 25, 12; 23, 11, 4.—
(β).
Referring to indefinite time:
post ubi tempust promissa jam perfici, Tum coacti necessario se aperiunt,
Ter. And. 4, 1, 8: Cato, R. R. 3 init.; 17:
ubi jam morbi se flexit causa... Tum quasi vaccillans primum consurgit,
Lucr. 3, 503; 6, 129; 6, 526.—
(γ).
Referring to future time:
otium ubi erit, tum tibi operam ludo et deliciae dabo,
Plaut. Rud. 2, 4, 13; id. Stich. 4, 2, 14:
ubi tu voles, Ubi tempus erit, sat habet si tum recipitur,
Ter. Eun. 3, 2, 32; Plaut. Truc. 4, 4, 18; id. Bacch. 4, 3, 72; id. Pers. 4, 7, 19; id. Cas. 3, 2, 27:
ut ubi id interrogando argumentis firmavero, tum testes ad crimen accommodem,
Cic. Verr. 1, 18, 55:
ubi haerere jam aciem videris, tum terrorem equestrem infer,
Liv. 6, 12, 10; 22, 55, 8.—
C.
With a temporal clause introduced by postquam.
1.
Tum as antecedent of the clause (very rare):
Flaminius qui ne quieto quidem hoste ipse quieturus erat, tum vero postquam res sociorum ante oculos prope suos ferri vidit, suum id dedecus ratus, etc.,
Liv. 22, 3, 7; Val. Max. 3, 8, 1 (v. infra, III. A. 2. a. b).—
2.
Tum introducing the apodosis (always = deinde).
(α).
Referring to definite past time:
posteaquam e portu piratae exierunt, tum coeperunt quaerere homines, etc.,
Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 38, § 100; Sall. J. 106, 6; 84, 1; id. Cat. 51, 40 (al. tunc):
postquam satis virium collectum videbat, tum ex suis unum sciscitatum Romam ad patrem misit,
Liv. 1, 54, 5; 3, 66, 5; 6, 13, 4; 22, 48, 4; 25, 10, 6; Gell. 5, 3, 6.—
(β).
Referring to indefinite time: postquam vero commoditas quaedam... dicendi copiam consecuta est, tum ingenio freta malitia pervertere urbes adsuevit, Cic. Inv. 1, 2, 3.—
D.
With a temporal clause introduced by ut.
1.
Tum as antecedent of the clause (very rare):
tum vero ingentem gemitum dat Ut spolia, ut currus, utque ipsum corpus amici... conspexit,
Verg. A. 1, 485; cf. id. ib. 12, 218.—
2.
Tum introducing the apodosis.
(α).
Of definite past time:
nam ut dudum adcurrimus ad Alcesimarchum... tum mi, puto, prae timore hic excidisse Cistellam,
Plaut. Cist. 4, 2, 46:
sed ut intellectum est quantam vim haberet accurata... oratio, tum etiam magistri dicendi multi subito exstiterunt,
Cic. Brut. 8, 30; id. Phil. 9, 4, 9; Liv. 24, 44, 10; id. 21, 54, 9; 23, 34, 6.—
(β).
Referring to future time:
neque ut quaeque res delata ad nos erit, tum denique scrutari locos debemus,
Cic. de Or. 2, 34, 146:
traditum esse ut quando aqua Albana abundasset, tum, si eam Romanus rite emisisset, victoriam de Vejentibus dari (= si quando),
Liv. 5, 15, 11 Weissenb. ad loc.—
E.
With a temporal clause introduced by quando.
1.
Tum as antecedent of the clause.
(α).
Of definite past time:
auctoritatem senatus exstare sentio, tum, quando Alexandro mortuo, legatos Tyrum misimus,
Cic. Agr. 2, 16, 41.—
(β).
Of future time:
at scire tum memento quando id quod voles habebis,
Plaut. Capt. 2, 1, 41; id. Mil. 3, 1, 213; id. Most. 3, 1, 136; id. Men. 5, 7, 57:
utinam tum essem natus quando Romani dona accipere coepissent,
Cic. Off. 2, 21, 75.—
2.
Tum introducing the apodosis.
(α).
Of indefinite time (quando = whenever):
quando esurio tum crepant (intestina),
Plaut. Men. 5, 5, 27; id. Truc. 1, 1, 15; id. Ps. 4, 7, 85:
quando mulier dotem marito dabat, tum quae ex suis bonis retinebat reciperare dicebatur,
Gell. 17, 6, 6; 7 (6), 14, 4.—
(β).
Of future time:
at tu, quando habebis, tum dato,
Plaut. Men. 3, 3, 23:
quando ab eadem parte sol eodemque tempore iterum defecerit, tum signis omnibus ad principium revocatis, expletum annum habeto,
Cic. Rep. 6, 22, 24:
quando mihi usus venerit, tum quaeram ex te atque discam,
Gell. 6 (7), 17, 4.—
F.
In the apodosis after simul ac:
an simul ac nubes successere, ipse in eas tum Descendit (Juppiter), prope ut hinc teli determinet ictus?
Lucr. 6, 402.—
G.
With a temporal clause introduced by dum.
1.
Tum as antecedent:
sanctius visum est nomen Augusti, ut scilicet jam tum dum colit terras, ipso numine ac titulo consecretur,
Flor. 2, 33, 66 (4, 12, 66).—
2.
Tum introducing the apodosis:
dum habeat, tum amet,
Plaut. Truc. 2, 1, 23:
dum se glomerant... tum pondere turris Procubuit,
Verg. A. 9, 540.—
H.
As antecedent of quamdiu:
qui cum tibi amicus non modo tum fuerit quamdiu tecum in provincia fuerit, verum etiam nunc sit cum, etc.,
Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 24, § 58.—
K.
Denoting a logical consequence after quando and cum:
quando ergo erga te benignus fui... tum te mihi benigne itidem addecet... referre gratiam,
Plaut. Rud. 5, 3, 35:
cum magnus numerus deesset, tum iste homo nefarius in eorum locum... substituere coepit cives Romanos,
Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 28, § 72.—
L.
After relative clauses denoting time: qua tempestate Paris Helenam innuptis junxit nuptiis, Ego tum gravida expletis jam fere ad pariendum mensibus, Poet. ap. Cic. de Or. 3, 58, 219 (Trag. Rel. p. 246 Rib.).—
M.
With conditional clauses.
1.
With a conditional clause introduced by si, sin, ni (not nisi).
(α).
Tum as antecedent of clause:
tum pol ego interii, homo si ille abiit,
Plaut. Ps. 4, 1, 6; id. Men. 2, 2, 71; Ter. Heaut. 4, 3, 40:
si tenuis causa est, tum etiam argumentandi tenue filum,
Cic. Or. 36, 124; id. Rep. 1, 40, 62; 2, 9, 15; id. Fin. 1, 19, 63; id. N. D. 1, 6, 13; id. Verr. 2, 3, 47, § 112:
tum vero ego nequiquam Capitolium servaverim si civem in servitutem duci videam,
Liv. 6, 14, 4; 3, 9, 11; 6, 14, 4; 7, 34, 14; Cato ap. Plin. 29, 1, 7, § 14; Gell. 2, 12, 1 sq.; 4, 13, 1; 14, 2, 21.—
(β).
Tum introducing the apodosis:
si triduum hoc hic erimus, tum arbores in te cadent,
Plaut. Men. 2, 3, 30; id. Rud. 5, 2, 59; 3, 4, 49; id. As. 1, 3, 89; id. Rud. 1, 3, 13; id. Ps. 4, 1, 1; 4, 1, 48 (39); Ter. Eun. 2, 3, 64; 3, 1, 17; id. Phorm. 1, 3, 19; Cato, R. R. 26; cf. id. ib. 27:
quod si, ut spero, cepero, tum vero litteras publice mittam,
Cic. Fam. 2, 10, 3; id. Div. 1, 44, 100; cf. id. Ac. 2, 10, 32; id. Fin. 2, 4, 79; id. N. D. 3, 36, 87; id. Rep. 1, 43, 66: id. [p. 1911] Rosc. Am. 49, 142:
si dimicandum erit, tum tu in novissimos te recipito,
Liv. 7, 40, 13; 8, 10, 12; Hor. S. 1, 2, 97; Ov. M. 7, 32.—
Esp., denoting the consequences of perjury in ancient formulas of oaths: si ego injuste illos homines dedier mihi exposco, tum patriae compotem me numquam siris esse,
Liv. 1, 32, 7; 1, 24, 8; 22, 53, 11; hence, quid si falles? Me. Tum Mercurius Sosiae iratus siet, Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 239; 3, 2, 52; id. Aul. 4, 10, 50; cf. also Liv. 3, 64, 10.—
2.
With a condition contrary to fact.
(α).
Tum, antecedent of clause:
tum esset ostentum, si anguem vectis circumplicavisset,
Cic. Div. 2, 28, 62; id. Verr. 2, 2, 68, § 164:
tum id audirem si tibi soli viveres,
id. Marcell. 8, 25; id. Fin. 4, 13, 33; id. Div. 2, 35, 73.—
(β).
Tum introducing the apodosis:
si quidem me amaret, tum istuc prodesset,
Ter. Eun. 3, 1, 56:
quodsi omnia nobis quae ad victum pertinent. suppeditarentur, tum optimo quisque ingenio, totum se in cognitione et scientia collocaret,
Cic. Off. 1, 44, 158. —
N.
After an abl. absol.
1.
With perfect participles (= postquam or cum... tum), mostly with denique, vero, demum.
(α).
Referring to definite past time:
ut morte ejus nuntiata tum denique bellum confectum arbitraretur,
Cic. Mur. 16, 34:
sed confecto proelio tum vero cerneres quanta vis animi fuisset in exercitu Catilinae,
Sall. C. 61, 1:
ita rebus divinis peractis tum de bello deque republica dictator rettulit,
Liv. 22, 11, 1; 2, 29, 1; 2, 29, 3; 3, 56, 1; 5, 50, 8; Plin. 11, 20, 22, § 68.—
(β).
Referring to indefinite time:
hisce omnibus rebus consideratis, tum denique id quod primum est dicendum, postremum soleo cogitare, quo utar exordio,
Cic. Or. 2, 77, 315.—
(γ).
Referring to future time (the abl. absol. = a fut. perf.):
ita prope XL. diebus interpositis tum denique se responsuros esse arbitrantur,
Cic. Verr. 1, 10, 31; 1, 18, 54; id. Fin. 4, 13, 32; id. Scaur. Fragm. 10, 22.—
2.
With pres. participles (post-class.):
tacentibus cunctis, tum ipse (dixit), etc.,
Just. 12, 15, 6.
III.
Particular connections.
A.
With other particles of time.
1.
Jam tum, already at that time, i. e. earlier than might be anticipated:
jam tum erat suspitio Dolo malo haec fieri,
Ter. Eun. 3, 3, 8; cf. id. ib. 4, 4, 58; id. Phorm. 5, 8, 34:
quippe etenim jam tum divom mortalia saecla Egregias animo facies vigilante videbant,
Lucr. 5, 1169; 5, 1037:
ut mihi jam tum divinasse ille (Romulus) videatur hanc urbem sedem aliquando summo esse imperio praebituram,
Cic. Rep. 2, 5, 10; 2, 7, 12; id. Div. 2, 57, 118; id. Tusc. 4, 2, 4:
jam tum in Palatio monte Lupercal hoc fuisse ludicrum ferunt,
Liv. 1, 5, 1; 1, 7, 16; 1, 41, 7; 10, 21, 14;
24, 49, 1: ut jam tum qualis futurus esset ostenderet,
Suet. Dom. 1; Curt. 4, 6, 29.—
2.
Tum demum and tum denique, then only, then at length, then at last, not till then, i. e. later than might be expected, implying delayed action.
a.
Tum demum.
(α).
In gen.:
adversisque in rebus noscere qui sit. Nam verae voces tum demum pectore ab imo Eiciuntur,
Lucr. 3, 58:
tum demum Liscus, oratione Caesaris adductus, quod antea tacuerat proponit,
Caes. B. G. 1, 17; 5, 33; Sall. J. 46, 1:
nec ante in campum degressi sunt quam, etc. Tum demum castra Etruscorum pro moenibus Fidenarum posita,
Liv. 4, 17, 12; 45, 12, 6; 2, 20, 11; 5, 39, 2; 23, 19, 15 et saep.; Val. Max. 1, 6, 10; 1, 7, 4; Curt. 3, 12, 12; Tac. A. 3, 18; 3, 47.—
(β).
In partic., referring to clauses introduced by cum, ubi, si, or abl. absol. (v. II. A. B. L. M.), denoting absolute restriction to the terms of the clause:
imo etiam ubi expolivero, magis hoc tum demum dices,
Plaut. Poen. 1, 1, 60:
tum demum mihi procax Academia videbitur si aut consenserint omnes, aut, etc.,
Cic. N. D. 1, 6, 13:
cum is Casilini eo die mansurum dixisset, tum demum cognitus est error,
Liv. 22, 13, 8; Vell. 2, 115, 4; Val. Max. 3, 8, 1 fin.; 7, 2, 4; Curt. 3, 11, 6; Plin. Ep. 8, 20, 7.—
(γ).
Sometimes = nunc demum (anteclass.): victus es, Chaline. St. Tum nos demum vivere. Olympio. Gaudeo, Plaut. Cas. 2, 6, 65.—
b.
Tum denique.
(α).
In gen.:
tum denique tauros in gregem redigo,
Varr. R. R. 2, 5:
injecta glaeba tumulus is (locus) ubi humatus est vocatur, ac tum denique multa religiosa jura complectitur,
Cic. Leg. 2, 22, 57; id. Fin. 3, 22, 76; id. Tusc. 3, 26, 61: nequiquam temptati ut tum denique desisterent impediendo bello, Liv. 4, 55, 5; Ov. M. 4, 519; 7, 857; 10, 664.—
(β).
Referring to clauses with cum, etc. (v. II. A. B. L. M.):
tum denique homines nostra intellegimus bona quom quae in potestate habuimus ea amisimus,
Plaut. Capt. 1, 2, 33:
quo cum venerimus, tum denique vivemus,
Cic. Tusc. 1, 31, 75; 3, 31, 75; id. Leg. 2, 4, 10; id. Rep. 1, 6, 11; so,
tum denique si,
id. Fam. 14, 2, 3; id. Q. Fr. 1, 1, 10, § 29; id. Verr. 2, 2, 1, § 1:
indicandum primum fuisse, dein petendum praesidium, postremo ni impetraretur, tum denique querendum,
Liv. 23, 43, 2; Cato ap. Plin. 17, 18, 29, § 126 (for tum vero denique after ut, Cic. Phil. 9, 4, 9, v. II. D. 2. a).—
3.
Tum primum (rarely primo), then for the first time:
tum genus humanum primum mollescere coepit,
Lucr. 5, 1014:
ludorum gratia quos tum primum anniversarios in circo facere constituisset,
Cic. Rep. 2, 7, 12; id. Sen. 21, 78; Caes. B. G. 7, 11:
ponte sublicio tum primum in Tiberi facto,
Liv. 1, 33, 6; 2, 41, 3; 39, 22, 2; 2, 20, 6; 39, 49, 4; Vell. 2, 37, 5; Tac. A. 2, 27; id. H. 4, 57; Curt. 3, 12, 26. —
4.
With deinde, hic, postea, with consecutive force emphatic.
a.
Deinde tum (very rare):
primum ea quae sumus acturi cogitare debemus, deinde tum dicere ac facere,
Varr. L. L. 6, 6, 62.—
b.
Tum deinde.
(α).
= tum demum or tum denique, then at length, not till then, then only:
nonne optime patronus occurrat prius conviciis luxuriae, etc., tum deinde narret de bonis Pallae? etc.,
Quint. 4, 2, 27; 12, 10, 11:
emam, aedificabo, credam, exigam, honores geram: tum deinde lassam senectutem in otium referam,
Sen. Ep. 101, 4; Plin. 16, 44, 95, § 251.—So corresp. with cum:
quas cum solus pertulisset, tum deinde comitia collegae subrogando habuit,
Liv. 2, 8, 3 (Weissenb. demum, by conj.); Col. R. R. 1, 6, 13. —
(β).
= an emphatic deinde: nam praetermisit quod in prima parte sumere debuit;
tum deinde eodem ipso quod omiserat quasi proposito ad confirmandum aliud utitur,
Gell. 2, 8, 3; 13, 24 (23), 1; Just. 2, 1, 19.—
c.
With hic:
hic tum repente Pacilius quidam accedit, ait, etc.,
Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 38, § 94:
hic ego tum ad respondendum surrexi,
id. Clu. 18, 51; 27, 73:
hic tum injectus est hominibus scrupulus,
id. ib. 28, 76; id. Sest. 11, 25.—
d.
Tum postea:
tum postea complorantibus nostris, dies quidem tandem inluxit,
Gell. 19, 1, 3; so id. 14, 3, 10 (for quid tum postea, v. D. 1.).—
5.
With interim:
unum, alterum, tertium annum Sassia quiescebat... Tum interim, Q. Hortensio, Q. Metello coss.... despondet ei filiam suam,
Cic. Clu. 64, 179.—
B.
With particles of emphasis.
1.
Tum vero (sometimes tum enimvero or enimvero tum), then indeed, at that crisis, then if not before, etc., or merely = emphatic then, denoting either coincidence or sequence of action.
(α).
In gen.:
discedit a Melino Cluentia. Tum vero illa egregia mater palam exsultare... coepit,
Cic. Clu. 5, 14; 22, 61; id. Agr. 1, 1, 3; id. Verr. 2, 5, 41, § 107:
semper equidem magno cum metu incipio dicere... tum vero ita sum perturbatus ut, etc.,
id. Clu. 18, 51:
tum vero dubitandum non existimavit quin ad eos proficisceretur,
Caes. B. G. 2, 8; 5, 37; id. B. C. 1, 82; 2, 42:
Aruns Tarquinius et Tullia minor... junguntur nuptiis. Tum vero in dies infestior Tulli senectus... coepit esse,
Liv. 1, 47, 1; 2, 22, 6; 4, 49, 13; 10, 19, 12; 21, 45, 9; 21, 58, 5; Ov. M. 2, 227; 7, 685; Curt. 4, 13, 1; 3, 11, 5; Tac. Agr. 37.—And in enumerations:
deinde... post autem... tum vero ipsam veterem Karthaginem vendunt,
Cic. Agr. 1, 2, 5.—
(β).
As correlative of temporal or conditional clauses, and after abl. absol.:
quod ubi Romam est nuntiatum, senatui metum injecit ne tum vero sustineri nec in urbe seditio, nec in castris posset,
Liv. 5, 7, 4; Sall. J. 94, 3:
tum vero... si,
Cic. Fin. 1, 19, 63; Liv. 6, 14, 4 (v. II. M. 1. a, b).—With cum, Liv. 32, 12, 1:
quae postquam frustra temptata rogumque parari... vidit, Tum vero gemitus... Edidit,
Ov. M. 2, 621; Sall. J. 106, 6; 84, 1; id. Cat. 51, 40; v. C. 1. b. (so, tum vero denique after ut, Cic. Phil. 9, 4, 9; v. II. D. 2. and M. 1.).—
2.
Tum quidem, at that time, thereupon, then at least (usu. opposed to a later time): dixit sibi in somnis visum esse, etc. Et tum quidem incolumis exercitum liberavit; post triennium autem devovit se, etc., Cic. Div. 1, 24, 51; so,
actum quidem,
id. Fl. 25, 59; id. Lael. 11, 39:
et tum quidem ab Dio Perseus in interiora regni recepit se... post dies paucos, etc.,
Liv. 42, 39, 1; 1, 57, 10; 3, 2, 10;
7, 17, 3.—Often in resuming the narrative after a digression: ac tum quidem regem... filium appellat,
Curt. 4, 7, 25.—Merely emphatic:
Duillio Cornelioque coss. etiam mari congredi ausus est. Tum quidem ipsa velocitas classis comparatae victoriae auspicium fuit,
Flor. 1, 18 (2, 2), 7; so id. 1, 22 (2, 6), 20; 1, 40 (3, 5), 12.—With cum, Tac. Dial. 11.—
3.
Ne tum quidem, not even then:
num quis horum miser hodie? Ne tum quidem, post spiritum extremum,
Cic. Tusc. 1, 37, 89; id. Div. 1, 26, 55; id. Verr. 2, 2, 40, § 98:
ubi ne tum quidem eos prodire intellexit,
Caes. B. G. 1, 50; 7, 53; Tac. H. 5, 21; Curt. 3, 2, 18.—With cum:
ille vere ne tum quidem miser cum ab Oroete in crucem actus est,
Cic. Fin. 5, 30, 92; so id. Tusc. 5, 20, 57; id. Verr. 2, 5, 23, § 59; Liv. praef. 12; 39, 39, 11.—
4.
Tum maxime (sometimes tum cummaxime).
(α).
Especially at that time, chiefly then: illi sumposia, nos convivia quod tum maxime simul vivitur, Cic. Fam. 9, 24, 35; id. Leg. 2, 11, 26.—With cum:
quae quidem vis tum maxime cognita est cum... M. Cato, legem suadens, in Galbam multa dixit,
Cic. Brut. 23, 89; id. Sest. 21, 47; id. Par. 4, 1, 29.—
(β).
Just then, just at that moment (not ante-Aug.):
regi, tum maxime captivos ex Illyrico vendenti,
Liv. 43, 20, 3; 1, 10, 1:
per totam aciem vulgatum est, castra amissa esse, et tum cummaxime ardere,
id. 40, 32, 1; so,
tum cummaxime,
id. 43, 7, 8:
corpus enim suum a caupone trucidatum tum maxime plaustro ad portam ferri,
Val. Max. 1, 7, ext. 10; 2, 10, 2; 3, 2, 2 fin.; Curt. 3, 4, 14; 6, 6, 10; Plin. 2, 63, 63, § 154; Quint. 2, 15, 30; 2, 61, 31; Suet. Caes. 65; id. Calig. 53.—So with cum:
et quod tum maxime Abydum oppugnaret cum rex ab Attalo et Rhodiis ultro se bello lacessitum diceret,
Liv. 31, 18, 2; Sen. Ira, 1, 15, 2.—
(γ).
Strengthening the co-ordinate tum after cum, so especially; v. I. C. 3. e. b (for cum maxime... tum maxime and tum maxime... cum plurimum, v. II. A. 3. a. b.).—
5.
Tum potissimum = tum maxime, just then (rare):
C. Caesar... tum potissimum acie commissa impeditos religione hostes vicit,
Front. Strat. 2, 1, 16.—
6.
Etiam tum.
(α).
Even then:
etiam tum vivit cum esse credas mortuam,
Plaut. Pers. 3, 1, 28:
totum se Servilio etiam tum tradidit,
even then, at so late a time, Cic. Sest. 62, 130:
etiam tum cum verisimile erit,
id. Rosc. Am. 20, 57.— So with cum, Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 59, § 154; id. Dom. 13, 23; id. Sest. 38, 81.—
(β).
Still, as yet (also as one word; cf. etiamtum, and v. the foll. additional passages), Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 19, § 41; id. Fin. 3, 14, 48; id. Rep. 2, 12, 24; id. Arch. 3, 5; id. de Or. 2, 3, 12; id. Brut. 20, 80; id. Off. 2, 14, 47; Caes. B. C. 3, 93; Liv. 5, 40, 10; Val. Max. 9, 6, 3; Tac. A. 3, 72; Suet. Claud. 27 fin.; id. Dom. 22.—
And with a negation, = nondum: ipsa ego non longos etiam tum scissa capillos,
not yet long, Ov. H. 8, 79.—
7.
Tum etiam.
(α).
Followed by si or cum, even if, even when:
atque equidem filium Tum etiam si nolit, cogam,
Ter. Ad. 5, 3, 65:
qui tum etiam cum... circumfusi erant caligine,
Cic. Tusc. 1, 19, 45.—
(β).
Then also, then too, besides:
tum etiam illud cogitatote, sic vivere Cornelium ut, etc.,
Cic. Balb. 28, 65; id. N. D. 1, 16, 43; so id. Leg. 1, 13, 35; id. Fin. 2, 16, 53; Col. 12 praef.—
8.
Tum quoque.
(α).
Also then, then likewise, then as before, then as on another occasion mentioned before: ceu lapidem si Percutiat lapis aut ferrum;
nam tum quoque lumen Exsilit,
Lucr. 6, 162:
tum quoque homini plus tribui quam nescio cui necessitati,
Cic. Prov. Cons. 11, 28:
tum quoque multis milibus Latinorum in civitatem acceptis,
Liv. 1, 33, 5; 2, 52, 2; 21, 22, 4; Caes. B. C. 3, 37; Ov. M. 14, 369.—
(β).
Even then, = etiam tum (rare):
et tamen tum quoque se absentes triumphare credunt,
Liv. 45, 38, 13; 39, 41, 3; 39, 47, 11; Ov. H. 17 (18), 190.—
(γ).
In orat. obliq. (v. I. A. 2.), even now:
quod si Romani tum quoque aequa aspernarentur,
Liv. 42, 62, 7. —
(δ).
= sic quoque, even under the circumstances, even as it was, etc. (v. sic, V. 3.): ut si effugium patuisset in publicum, impleturae urbem tumultu fuerint. Tum quoque [p. 1912] aliquotiens integro corpore evaserunt, Liv. 24, 26, 13; 40, 16, 6; 43, 4, 1;
9, 13, 9: tum quoque, amputata dextra, navem sinistra comprehendit,
Just. 2, 9, 18.—
9.
Tum ipsum = eo ipso tempore, at the very time, just then, even then (only in Cic. in four passages; cf.:
nunc ipsum): tota igitur ratio talium largitionum vitiosa est, temporibus necessaria, et tum ipsum... moderanda est,
Cic. Off. 2, 17, 60:
quem quidem cum sua voluntate ex patria Karthaginem revertisset, tum ipsum cum vigiliis et fame cruciaretur, clamat virtus beatiorem fuisse quam Thorium,
id. Fin. 2, 20, 65 Madv. ad loc.:
tum ipsum cum immolare velis extorum fieri mutatio potest,
id. Div. 1, 52, 118:
ita (oratores), non injuria, quotienscunque dicerent, id quod aliquando posset accidere, ne tum ipsum accideret, timere,
id. Or. 1, 27, 123.—
C.
Tum with co-ordinating particles.
1.
Tum autem.
(α).
= praeterea, and then, besides (v. I. C. 1.): turpilucricupidum te vocant cives tui;
tum autem sunt alii qui te volturium vocant,
Plaut. Trin. 1, 2, 64:
oves scabrae sunt... Tum autem Surorum nemo exstat qui ibi sex menses vixerit,
id. ib. 2, 4, 141; id. Mil. 4, 2, 13; id. Pers. 4, 2, 3; id. Poen. 5, 5, 34; 5, 7, 22; Ter. And. 1, 5, 34; id. Eun. 5, 9, 7; id. Hec. 2, 1, 14; 3, 2, 10:
tum autem qui non ipso honesto movemur... callidi sumus, non boni,
Cic. Leg. 1, 14, 41; id. Or. 1, 58, 247; 2, 19, 80.—
(β).
= tum... tum:
visne igitur inter hos populos inambulantes, tum autem residentes quaeramus eisdem de rebus?
Cic. Leg. 1, 5, 15.—
(γ).
= eo tempore, with autem as connective:
tum illic autem Lemnius... uxorem duxit, etc.,
Plaut. Cist. 1, 3, 25:
tum autem ex omnibus montibus nives proluit,
Caes. B. C. 1, 48.—
(δ).
But in this instance:
uxori emunda ancilla'st: tum autem pluscula Supellectile opus est,
Ter. Phorm. 4, 3, 60; 5, 7, 25 sq.—
2.
For tum etiam, v. B. 7. b.—
3.
Tum praeterea:
nam tui similis est probe. Tum praeterea talem, nisi tu, nulla pareret filium,
Ter. Heaut. 5, 3, 20; so id. Ad. 3, 2, 47; id. Phorm. 3, 2, 33; Cic. Verr. 1, 18, 56 (v. I. C. 3. e. l).—
4.
Tum porro:
tum porro venti magnam quoque tollere partem Umoris possunt,
Lucr. 6, 623; 4, 829 (827).—
D.
Quid tum?
1.
In dialogue, what then? what next? what further? novi ego hos pugnos meos. Ca. Quid tum? Th. Quid tum? Rogitas? Hisce ego, si tu me inritaveris, placidum te hodie reddam, Plaut. Curc. 5, 3, 49; so id. As. 2, 2, 83; Ter. Eun. 2, 2, 47; 3, 5, 66; id. Phorm. 3, 3, 8.—And strengthened:
quid tum postea?
Plaut. Trin. 3, 3, 41; id. As. 2, 2, 68; 2, 2, 79; Ter. Eun. 2, 3, 78; 4, 2, 9; 4, 7, 23; id. Ad. 4, 5, 15; id. Hec. 4, 1, 36: videsne abundare me otio? A. Quid tum? Cic. Tusc. 2, 11, 26.—
2.
In imitation of a dialogue:
at mulctantur bonis exsules. Quid tum? Parumne multa de toleranda paupertate dicuntur?
Cic. Tusc. 5, 37, 107; so id. Quint. 22, 72; 27, 84; id. Verr. 2, 4, 59, § 132; id. Dom. 47, 123; id. Dejot. 7, 22; id. Phil. 1, 10, 26; Hor. S. 2, 3, 230.—
3.
As emphatic co-ordinative in quoting the different items of a document, law, etc.: quive in senatu sententiam dixit, dixerit. Quid tum? Qui eorum coiit, coierit, etc., what next? i. e. and then, listen! Cic. Clu. 54, 148; so id. Agr. 1, 5, 16; 3, 3, 11; id. Mur. 12, 26; id. Fl. 23, 55.—
E.
Tum temporis = eo tempore (post class. and rare; cf.:
tunc temporis): postera die civitas principem suum, ac tum temporis consulem in foro expectabat,
Just. 31, 2, 6.

Lewis & Short latin dictionary > tum

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