-
21 С-169
СИЛ НЕТ1 (у кого) (терпеть, смотреть на кого-что и т. п.) СИЛ моих НЕТ both coll VP impers pres or past) it is impossible for s.o., beyond s.o. 's strength (to tolerate, look at etc s.o. or sth.): у X-a сил нет \С-169 X can't bear (endure, stand) it (to do sth.) X can't take it (doing sth.) X can hardly bear it (to do sth.)(in limited contexts) X has reached (is at) the end of his tether (his rope).И вдруг старик упал на колени и, вздевая руки, застонал... «Возьми меня, забери меня, горемычного! Только дай ей дитя! Сил моих нет глядеть на неё... Пожалей нас...» (Айтматов 1). Suddenly the old man fell to his knees and, raising up his arms, he groaned.... "Take me, receive me, wretched as I am. Only give her a child. I can't bear to look at her...Have pity on us" (1b).«Господи, за что же мне это такое наказание! - трясясь от негодования, причитала мать (Влада). -...Ты скоро вгонишь меня в гроб раньше времени, негодяй!.. Сил моих больше нет!» (Максимов 2). "Lord, what have I done to deserve this punishment?" his (Vlad's) mother wailed, shaking with indignation u... You'll drive me to an early grave, you little horror!...I've reached the end of my tether!" (2a).He хватало рук для жатвы: соседний однодворец... надул самым бессовестным образом свои бабы заламывали цены (за работу) неслыханные... «Сил моих нет!» - не раз с отчаянием восклицал Николай Петрович (Тургенев 2). There was a shortage of hands for the harvesting-a neighbor who was a landowner in a small way...had rooked him in a most conscienceless manner, his own peasant women were extorting unheard of wages.... uI'm at the end of my rope!" Nikolai Petrovich had cried out in despair on more than one occasion (2d). -
22 Б-169
БОЛЕЗНИ РОСТА NP fixed WO1. ( usu. pi) the emotional problems and rebelliousness one experiences during adolescencegrowing pains.2. ( pl only) difficulties that arise in the developmental stages of an enterprise, a new phenomenon in social life etc. growing pains. -
23 В-169
ВЛЕЧЬ/ПОВЛЁЧЬ ЗА СОБОЙ что VP subj: abstr fixed WOto cause sth. to happen, have sth. as a consequenceX влечёт за собой Y - X brings about (on, with it) YX leads to Y X results in Y X brings Y in X's wakeY ensues (results) from X. "„Сын мой, — виляет патер, - по неисповедимым судьбам провидения всё восполняется и видимая беда влечёт иногда за собою чрезвычайную, хотя и невидимую выгоду"» (Достоевский 2). "'My son,' the priest hedged, Through the inscrutable decrees of Providence everything has its recompense, and a visible calamity sometimes brings with it a great, if invisible, profit'" (2a).Очевидно было, что странное это фокусирование влечет за собой иска- жение нашей реальной социалистической действительности... (Аксёнов 12). It was obvious that this strange focusing led to distortions of the "real" socialist reality... (12a)..Царь Николай стеганул камчой брата Ленина, совершенно не подозревая, какие грандиозные исторические события повлечёт за собой эта мгновенная вспышка царского гнева (Искандер 5)....Czar Nicholas lashed Lenin's brother with his quirt, never suspecting what vast historical events would ensue from this instantaneous flare of czarist wrath (5a). -
24 Г-169
ВООБЩЕ ГОВОРИ ( Invar sent adv (parenth), fixed WOwhen considered in general termsgenerally speaking.Вообще говоря, он (Григорий Васильевич Кутузов) был честен и неподкупен (Достоевский 1). Generally speaking, he (Grigory Vasilievich Kutuzov) was honest and incorruptible (1a). -
25 Д-169
ДЕНЬГИ НА БОЧКУ (класть, выкладывать и т. п.) coll NP Invar usu. obj or indep. sent fixed WOto pay right away, produce payment at the time of salecash on the barrel(head)pay cash up front pay on the spot. -
26 З-169
ЗНАТЬ HE ХОЧУ (не хочет и т. п.) кого-что coll VP subj: human usu. 1st or 3rd pers usu. this WO I do not (he does not etc) want to have dealings with s.o., be involved in sth., sacrifice time to s.o. or sth. etc: X Y-a знать не хочет = X doesn't want (to have) anything to do with Y X doesn't want to hear about Y X doesn't want to know person Y X doesn't want to know about thing Y (in limited contexts) X will not hear of Y.Пфуль был один из тех теоретиков, которые так любят свою теорию, что забывают цель теории - приложение её к практике он из любви к теории ненавидел всякую практику и знать ее не хотел (Толстой 6). Не (Pfuhl) was one of those theoreticians who so love their theory that they lose sight of the theory's object-its practical application. His passion for theory made him despise all practical considerations and he would not hear of them (6a). -
27 К-169
ПУСКАТЬ/ПУСТИТЬ КОЗЛА В ОГОРОД coll VP subj: human more often pfv past often 3rd pers pl with indef. refer. the verb may take the final position, otherwise fixed WOto allow s.o. access to some place where he may be esp. harmful or to some thing that he wants to use or exploit for personal gain: пустили козла в огород - they put the cow to mind the cornthey put the wolf in charge of the sheep they put the fox to guard the henhouse (the chickens).Весна девятнадцатого: наступает Деникин, полыхает восстание... Мигулина отзывают в Москву, в Смоленск... Убрали - значит, есть повод. Оставлять Мигулина на Дону во время казачьего бунта? Пустить козла в огород? (Трифонов 6)....Spring 1919. Denikin was advancing, the uprising was blazing away. Migulin was recalled to Moscow, then to Smolensk.... If they kicked him out, then there mis a reason for it. Leave Migulin on the Don during the Cossack mutiny? Put a wolf in charge of the sheep? (6a). -
28 Л-169
ЖИВУТ (ЖЕ) ЛЮДИ! coll Interj these forms only var. with же is more common fixed WO(said with a trace of envy or a mixture of envy and admiration when reacting to sth. desirable that another possesses, has the opportunity to do etc) some people are luckysome people know how to livesome people have it good that's the life! (in limited contexts) the way some people live!Он нагнулся к туалетному столику, вытащил бутылку и стакан... «Ничего, если из одного стакана?» - «Это смотря что», - ответил Виктор и снова сел. «Шотландское... Устраивает?» - «Настоящее шотландское?» - «Настоящий скоч. Получайте». Он протянул Виктору стакан. «Живут же люди», - сказал Виктор и выпил (Стругацкие 1). Не bent over to the night table and pulled out a bottle and a glass.... "Is it all right if we share a glass?" "It depends on what's in it," answered Victor and sat down again. "Scotch....Does that suit you?" "Real Scotch?" "The real thing Allow me." He held out the glass to Victor. "Some people have it good," said Victor (1a) -
29 М-169
БЕЗ ПЯТИ МИНУТ coll, humor PrepP Invar nonagreeing modif foil. by a NP denoting a person's profession, position, post fixed WOa person who will soon become (a professional in the named field), begin (practicing the named profession), receive (the named rank or title) etcon the verge of becoming aNP a step away (one step) from becoming a NP a budding NP a practically fully qualified NP within inches (an inch) of becoming a NP. На сцене хозяин дома Пётр Полуорлов, его сын Федя...Валерик, бывший однокашник Полуорлова, а теперь без пяти минут доктор наук (Рощин 2). Present are the man of the house, Pyotr Eaglovhis son, Fedya.and Valerik, a former classmate of Eaglov's. Valerik is right on the verge of becoming a Doctor of Science (2a).Его судили за хранение иностранной валюты, какой-то литературы... Вот так и прибыл он к нам в бригаду без пяти минут англичанином (Марченко 1). Не was tried for possessing foreign currency and some sort of printed matter...And so our gang acquired a practically fully qualified Englishman (1a). -
30 Н-169
ВЗЯТЬ (ДАТЬ) НОГУ VP subj: human often imperto start or return to moving in rhythm with others when marching: возьми(те) ногу - keep (get) in step. -
31 О-169
ЛИРИЧЕСКОЕ ОТСТУПЛЕНИЕ lit, occas. humor NP fixed WOa divergence from the theme of a lecture, speech, story etc that allows the speaker or narrator to express some emotionlyrical digression. -
32 П-169
ПЛЕВАТЬ Я ХОТЕЛ (less often хочу и т. п.) на кого-что substand VP subj. subj: human usu. past (хотел etc) which may be used in pres contexts fixed WO(used to express one's absolute indifference to or disdain for s.o. or sth.) I am (you are etc) not at all interested in or concerned about s.o. or sth.: плевать X хотел на Y-a - X couldn't (could) care less about Ywhat does X care about (for) Y X doesn't give a damn (a hoot, a tinker' damn, a rap, a shit etc) about Y to hell with Y (in limited contexts) you (he etc) can stuff Y."...Мы плевать хотели на марксизм и монархизм, на Возрождение и на Идею Общей Судьбы!» (Аксёнов 7). "What do we саге for Marxism or monarchism, the resurrection of Holy Russia or the Idea of a Common Fate?" (7a).«Перестань. Товарищ может плохое подумать». - «Плевать!.. -Люсьена, зажмурясь, икнула. - Плевать я хотела, Алик, что обо мне подумают...» (Черненок 1). "Stop it. The comrade will think badly of us." "I don't give a damn!" Lusya squinted and burped. "I don't give a damn, Alik, what people think of me..." (1a)....Штраф... с меня сдерут, этого не миновать. Чтобы полиция да потеряла случай содрать с человека штраф... А, плевать я хотел... По крайней мере, душу отвёл...» (Стругацкие 1). "...They'll fine me, there's no getting out of it. The police would hardly lose the opportunity to collect a fine. Oh, I don't give a shit... At least I got it off my chest" (1a).(Галина:) Я опоздаю на поезд. (Зилов:) Плевать я хотел на этот поезд (Вампилов 5). (G.:) I'll miss my train. (Z.:) To hell with your train! (5a).Зилов:) Кого вы тут обманываете? И для чего? Ради приличия?.. Так вот, плевать я хотел на ваши приличия. Слышите? Ваши приличия мне опротивели (Вампилов 5). (Z.:) Who are you trying to fool? And why bother? For the sake of decency?... You can stuff your decency. Do you hear? I'm sick to death of your decency (5a). -
33 Р-169
ПО РОСТУ (кому) PrepP Invar nonagreeing modif or subj-compl with copula ( subj: a noun denoting an item of clothing)) in correspondence with a person's size: (just) s.o. ls (the right) sizeNeg не по росту — not s.o. 's sizethe wrong sizeбольшой (маленький), не по росту — too big (small) (for s.o.).По безлюдному отрезку улицы двигались навстречу мне две фигуры - мужская и женская. Мужская была неестественно расширившаяся от шубы явно не по росту... (Олеша 3). Two figures, a man's and a woman's, were moving toward me along a deserted section of street. The man's figure was rendered unnaturally broad by a fur coat manifestly the wrong size... (3a)Большая, не по росту шинель висела на нем, как кафтан на бахчевном чучеле (Шолохов 3). His greatcoat was too big for him and hung like a robe on a scarecrow (3a). -
34 Т-169
HE ТОТ AdjP modif or subj-compl with copula ( subj: any common noun))1. not identical or similar to the specified or implied person or thing, or to what one or it was like at an earlier time: (quite) differentnot the same (in limited contexts) not the NP one (it) once was not what (like) one (it) used to beне те времена = times have changed.(Маша:) Он (мой муж) казался мне тогда ужасно учёным, умным и важным. А теперь уж не то, к сожалению (Чехов 5). (М.:) In those days he (my husband) seemed to me terribly learned, clever, and important. But now, unfortunately, it is different (5a)....Россия уже не та. Выдают чугун Магнитка и Кузнецк... построены первые советские блюминги (Рыбаков 2)—Russia was not the country she once was. They were already turning out cast-iron at Magnitogorsk and Kuznetsk...and the first Soviet rolling-mills had been built (2a).2. unsuitablenot right(all) wrong not the right NP. (Таня:) Что ж... Я пойду... (Колесов:) Извините, Таня. Но сами видите - не та обстановка. Возможно, ещё увидимся... (Вампилов 3). (Т.:) Oh well... I'd better be off... (K.:) I'm sorry, Tenia. But you can see for yourself-the setting is all wrong. Maybe we'll meet again (3a). -
35 У-169
БЕЗ УЧЁТА чего PrepP Invar the resulting PrepP is advwithout allowing for sth.: without taking sth. into account (into consideration)without considering sth. (in limited contexts) if you ignore sth.До Коряжска было шестьдесят пять километров, то есть часа два езды с учетом местных дорог и без учета странностей Володиного характера (Аксенов 3). It was about 65 kilometers to Koryazhsk, or a two hour drive if you take into consideration the condition of local roads and ignore the peculiarities of Volodya's personality (3a). -
36 Ч-169
HE НА ЧТО жить, купить что и т. п. coll PrepP Invar subj-compl with бытье ( subj: infin)) s.o. has no money at all or not enough money to buy sth.: ( s.o.) has nothing (to buy sth. with (to live on)).He только драгоценных металлов и мехов не получали обыватели в обмен за свои продукты, но не на что было купить даже хлеба (Салтыков-Щедрин 1). Not only did the townsfolk receive no precious metals or furs in exchange for their products, they had nothing even to buy bread with (1a). -
37 Bramah, Joseph
SUBJECT AREA: Civil engineering, Domestic appliances and interiors, Land transport, Mechanical, pneumatic and hydraulic engineering, Public utilities[br]b. 2 April 1749 Stainborough, Yorkshire, Englandd. 9 December 1814 Pimlico, London, England[br]English inventor of the second patented water-closet, the beer-engine, the Bramah lock and, most important, the hydraulic press.[br]Bramah was the son of a tenant farmer and was educated at the village school before being apprenticed to a local carpenter, Thomas Allot. He walked to London c.1773 and found work with a Mr Allen that included the repair of some of the comparatively rare water-closets of the period. He invented and patented one of his own, which was followed by a water cock in 1783. His next invention, a greatly improved lock, involved the devising of a number of special machine tools, for it was one of the first devices involving interchangeable components in its manufacture. In this he had the help of Henry Maudslay, then a young and unknown engineer, who became Bramah's foreman before setting up business on his own. In 1784 he moved his premises from Denmark Street, St Giles, to 124 Piccadilly, which was later used as a showroom when he set up a factory in Pimlico. He invented an engine for putting out fires in 1785 and 1793, in effect a reciprocating rotary-vane pump. He undertook the refurbishment and modernization of Norwich waterworks c.1793, but fell out with Robert Mylne, who was acting as Consultant to the Norwich Corporation and had produced a remarkably vague specification. This was Bramah's only venture into the field of civil engineering.In 1797 he acted as an expert witness for Hornblower \& Maberley in the patent infringement case brought against them by Boulton and Watt. Having been cut short by the judge, he published his proposed evidence in "Letter to the Rt Hon. Sir James Eyre, Lord Chief Justice of the Common Pleas…etc". In 1795 he was granted his most important patent, based on Pascal's Hydrostatic Paradox, for the hydraulic press which also incorporated the concept of hydraulics for the transmission of both power and motion and was the foundation of the whole subsequent hydraulic industry. There is no truth in the oft-repeated assertion originating from Samuel Smiles's Industrial Biography (1863) that the hydraulic press could not be made to work until Henry Maudslay invented the self-sealing neck leather. Bramah used a single-acting upstroking ram, sealed only at its base with a U-leather. There was no need for a neck leather.He also used the concept of the weight-loaded, in this case as a public-house beer-engine. He devised machinery for carbonating soda water. The first banknote-numbering machine was of his design and was bought by the Bank of England. His development of a machine to cut twelve nibs from one goose quill started a patent specification which ended with the invention of the fountain pen, patented in 1809. His coach brakes were an innovation that was followed bv a form of hydropneumatic carriage suspension that was somewhat in advance of its time, as was his patent of 1812. This foresaw the introduction of hydraulic power mains in major cities and included the telescopic ram and the air-loaded accumulator.In all Joseph Bramah was granted eighteen patents. On 22 March 1813 he demonstrated a hydraulic machine for pulling up trees by the roots in Hyde Park before a large crowd headed by the Duke of York. Using the same machine in Alice Holt Forest in Hampshire to fell timber for ships for the Navy, he caught a chill and died soon after at his home in Pimlico.[br]Bibliography1778, British patent no. 1177 (water-closet). 1784, British patent no. 1430 (Bramah Lock). 1795, British patent no. 2045 (hydraulic press). 1809, British patent no. 3260 (fountain pen). 1812, British patent no. 3611.Further ReadingI.McNeil, 1968, Joseph Bramah, a Century of Invention.S.Smiles, 1863, Industrial Biography.H.W.Dickinson, 1942, "Joseph Bramah and his inventions", Transactions of the Newcomen Society 22:169–86.IMcN -
38 Алексей
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39 FACERE
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40 abiotic
[͵eıbaıʹɒtık] a спец.1. абиотический; неживой2. нежизненный
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