פתח

פֶּתַחm. (b. h.; פָּתַח) opening, door, gate. Keth.IV, 3 (ref. to Deut. 22:21) אין לה לא פ׳ בית האבוכ׳ if she (the faithless betrothed) has no paternal house door. Y.Sabb.VII, 9c top ניכר הוא … על פִּיתְחָהּ של תירה it can; be seen that this man has never passed the gate of the Law (never studied). Koh. R. to III, 11 זה הפ׳ פתוח עד התהום this gate (verse used as introductory text, v. פָּתַח) opens to the deep, i. e. leads to deep reflection. Gen. R. s. 85 (ref. to פתח עינים, Gen. 38:14) תלה עיניה בפ׳ שכל העיניםוכ׳ she lifted up her eyes to the gate to which all eyes are directed (she prayed to the Lord). Ib. s. 38 פתח … פ׳ של תשובה the Lord opened to them the gate of repentance; a. fr.Euphem. פ׳ פָּתוּחַ absence of virginity Keth.9b טענת פ׳ פ׳, contrad. to טענת דמים, v. דָּם. Ib. a ופ׳ פ׳ כשני עדים דמי and the husbands statement that lie found ‘the gate open is like a statement of two witnesses (to make her forbidden to him as a faithless betrothed); a. fr.Trnsf. a) an opening for retracting a vow, a suggestion, v. פָּתַח. Gen. R. s. 91 למאה … מצא להם פ׳ for one hundred and fifty Nazarites he found causes for absolution; a. fr.b) the starting time of menstruation. Arakh.II, 1 אין פ׳ בטועהוכ׳ for a woman that has lost the account of a prolonged flux, there is no new starting point within either less than seven or more than seventeen days. Ib. 8a פִּתְחָהּ שבעה עשר her sure starting point is after seventeen days; a. fr.Pl. פְּתָחִים, פְּתָחִין. B. Bath.IX, 1 ישאלו על הפ׳ let them go begging at the doors; Keth.XIII, 3 יחזרו על הפ׳. Cant. R. to V, 2 פתחו לי פתח … ואני פותח לכם פ׳וכ׳ make for me one opening for return as wide as the point of a needle, and I shall open for you gates through which wagons and coaches can pass; a. fr.Ab. III, 18 פִּתְחֵי נדה the calculations concerning starting points of menstruants (v. supra).

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פָּתַח
A(qal): открывать, отворять, раскрывать.
B(ni): 1. быть открытым, открываться;
2. быть освобождённым;
3. распоясываться, развязываться, снимать.
C(pi): 1. открывать, отворять, открываться;
2. развязывать, рассёдлывать;
3. бороздить;
4. вырезать ( по дереву или по камню).
G(hith): 1. развязываться.
LXX: 538 (ἀπατάω).

פְּתַח
H(peal): открывать, раскрывать.

פֶּתַח
отверстие, вход, ворота, дверь.

פֵּתַח
откровение.

פָּתַח(b. h.) 1) to open, begin. Y.Ber.VI, end, 10d על כל … שהיה פוֹתֵהַוכ׳ over each cask as he opened it he said the benediction Sabb.104a, a. e. פּוֹתְחִין לו (Var. פְּתָחִין), v. טָמֵא I. Ib. 48a מתירין … אבל לא פותחין you may untie the neck-hole of a shirt, but not cut it open (on the Sabbath). Y.Taan.I, 64b top (ref. to Is. 45:8) כנקבה … פוֹתַחַתוכ׳ like the female that opens for the male. Ned.III, 4 לא יִפְתַּח לו בנדר he must not begin (offer his willingness) to make a vow (in order to escape robbery, v. נָדַר); a. v. fr.Part. pass. פָּתוּחַ; פְּתוּחָה; pl. פְּתוּחִים, פְּתוּחִין, פְּתוּחוֹת. Yeb.71b, a. e. נסתם הפ׳, v. סָתַם. Snh.94a, v. סָהֵם (v. מנצפ״ך). Meg.3a, פ׳ באמצע, v. סָתַם. Erub.IV, 6 שלש חצירות הפ׳ זו לזו ופ׳וכ׳ three courts opening into (communicating with) one another and into the public road; a. v. fr. פתה פתוח, v. פֶּתַח.Esp. (פרשה) פְּתוּחָה a paragraph in the Torah beginning with a new, indented line, opp. סתומה. Treat. Sofrim I, 14 איזהו פ׳ כל שלאוכ׳ what is an open paragraph? Such as does not begin at the beginning of a line, וכמה … ותהא נקראת פ׳ and how much space must one leave … for a paragraph to be called open?; a. fr.Trnsf. (to open the door to,) to introduce (into learning). Y.M. Kat. III, 83b top איזהו רבו כל שפ׳ לו תחלה who is called ones (special) teacher? He who was the first to initiate him; a. e.Esp. to open an opportunity for retracting a vow, to suggest reasons which, if known at the time, would have prevented the person from making the vow, v. חֲרָטָה. Ned.IX, 1 פותחין לאדם בכביךוכ׳ the judges offer suggestions taken from the respect due to parents (saying, if you had known that this vow cast a reflection on your father). Ib. רִפְתְּחוּ לו בכבוד המקים why not suggest to him the reverence due to the Lord (‘if you had known that he who makes a vow is considered an evil-doer)? Ib. 4 פותחין לו מן הכתובוכ׳ we offer suggestions to him from what is written in the Law, saying to him, if you had known that (in fulfilling that vow) you would transgress the law forbidding revenge ; a. fr.B. Kam.27a פ׳ בכד וסיים בחבית the Mishnah begins with kad and closes with ḥabith! Ber.10a פ׳ בה באשריוכ׳ v. סוּם I h. Gen. R. s. 84 אתה פָתֵחְתָּ תחלה בהצלתוכ׳ thou wast the first man to speak of saving life; אתה פתחת בתשובהוכ׳ thou wast the first to do repentance, … one of thy descendants shall rise and be the first (prophet) to call for repentance; a. fr.Esp. to open a lecture with a (Biblical) text. Pesik. Aḥăré, p. 170a> ר׳ לוי פ׳וכ׳ R. Levi took up the text (Ps. 75:5) Gen. R. s. 1; a. v. fr.Pesik. R. s. 33 (an editorial gloss) פ׳ בכל אלו הפרשיות the author takes his texts from all those (quoted) passages. 2) to explain, speak plainly. Shek. V, 1; Men.65a (ref. to פתחיה as identical with מרדכי) he was named Pethahia, שהיה פותח דברים ודורשןוכ׳ (not בדברים) because he explained words and interpreted them (etymologically) and knew seventy languages.Part. pass. as ab. Sifré Aḥăré, beg., v. סָתַם. Nif. נִפְתַּח 1) to be opened. Yeb.71b, a. e., v. סָתַם. R. Hash. 16b שלשה … נִפְתָּחִין בר״ה three books are opened (for recording) on the New Years Day. B. Bath. 125b, v. סוּם I, Nithpa. Pesik. R. l. c. להִיפָּתֵחַ to have ones bowels opened, v. פְּסִיעָה; a. fr.Ib. (editorial gloss) ונ׳ עוד שם בפרשתוכ׳ and furthermore this section (Is. 61:1) was used as the opening text; a. fr.Esp. to have ones eyes opened, to become seeing. Pesik. R. s. 42 בשילדה שדה כל סומא … נ׳ when Sarah gave birth, every blind person in the world was restored to sight; a. e. Pi. פִּיתֵּהֵ 1) to open. Ib. פי׳ הפילקיות he opened the prisons. Par. III, 8 ועושין … ומְפַתְּחִין בה חלונות they piled wood in the shape of a tower and opened windows in it. Zeb.88b רימונים שלא פִיתְּחוּ פיהן (Ms. K. a. R. 2 נִפְתְּהוּ; Ms. R. 1 נִתְפַּתְּחוּ, v. Rabb. D. S. a. l. note 5) pomegranates which have not yet burst open; a. e. 2) to engrave. Y.Ab. Zar. III, 43b Pl. פי׳ בה פיתוחים if he cut designs into it. 3) to dig, break ground. Pirké dR. El. ch. XXVIII; Gen. R. s. 76 כשיצמד … יְפַתְּחוּ וישדדווכ׳ when an ox and a cow are harnessed together, they will break and harrow all valleys. Hithpa. הִתְפַּתֵּחַ, Nithpa. נִתְפַּתֵּחַ 1) to be opened, v. supra. Pesik. R. s. 31 נִתְפַּתְּחוּ בדם they (their cavities) were opened with (discharged) blood; a. e. 2) to be cut into, graven. Tosef.Sot.XV, 1; Y. ib. IX, 24b וכיון … היו מִתְפַּתְּחוֹת לפניווכ׳ and when they let it (the Shamir, v. שָׁמִיר) look at the stones, they were engraven before it like the (wax-covered) tablets Y.Kil.VII, beg.30d מתפתחת R. S. to Kil. VIII, 1, v. פִּתְפֵּת.

פְּתַחch. sam( Hithpa. הִתְפַּתֵּחַ, Nithpa. נִתְפַּתֵּחַ to be opened). Targ. Deut. 15:11. Targ. Is. 14:17; a. fr.Part. pass. פְּתִיחַ; f. פְּתִיחָא; pl. פְּתִיחִין, פְּתִיחַיָּא; פְּתִיחָן a) open. Targ. Num. 19:15. Targ. Josh. 8:17; a. fr.b) seeing, v. פְּתִיהַ.Taan.24a אתיא למִיפְתַּח … ולא מִיפְּתַחוכ׳ she came to open the door …, but it could not be opened on account of the wheat pressing against it. Gitt.69b לִיפְתַּה הביתאוכ׳ let him open a keg of wine B. Kam. 112b כגון דפָתְחוּ ליה בדיניהוכ׳ when they (the court) have opened his case (written a warrant, v. פְּתִיחָא II) and sent for him. Ned.28a מיפתח הוא דלא יפתחוכ׳ he dare not offer to make oath (in order to escape robbery), but make a vow, he may. Num. R. s. 9 תרעא דלא פתיחוכ׳, v. אָסֵי; a. fr.Ned.22a אע״ג דפ׳ … אנן לא פַתְחִינָןוכ׳ although R. Y. offered such a suggestion for retracting a vow, we must not do so; ולא פתחינן בהדאוכ׳ nor do we offer that other suggestion ; a. e. Af. אַפְתַּח same. Lam. R. to I, 1 רבתי, beg. א׳ ליה ביתיהוכ׳ he opened his house to him, and he entered. Pa. פַּתַּח same. Targ. Is. 45:1. Ib. 42:7.Part. pass. מְפַתַּח open-eyed, able to see. Lev. R. s. 22 חד סמי וחד מפ׳ (Koh. R. to V, 8 פתיח) one was blind, and the other could see. Ithpa. אִתְפַּתַּח, Ithpe. אִתְפְּתַח, אִיפְּ׳ 1) to be opened; to be released. Targ. O. Gen. 3:5; 7. Targ. Job 12:14; a. fr.Gitt.69a bot. לאִיפַּתּוּחֵיוכ׳ (Rashi לפתיחי, read: לפַתּוּחֵי Pa.) that the boil may open, let somebody blow Ib. b, v. צְפִירְתָּא; Pes.42b; a. e.Esp. to be restored to sight. Lev. R. l. c. דין דהוה סמי א׳וכ׳ he who was blind recovered sight, v. סְמֵי; Koh. R. l. c. Ib. אִיתְפַּתְּחַת the she-ass recovered ; a. e.

פַּתָּחm. (פָּתַח Pi. 2) engraver. Pl. פַּתָּחִים. Y.Shek.IV, 48a top פַּתָּחֵי אבנים (Ms. M. מְפַתְּחֵי) stone engravers.

פִּתֵּחַv. פִּיתֵּחַ.

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