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41 -ya
3 suffix of endearment, attested in Anardilya as an intimate form of the name Anardil UT:174, 418, possibly also occurring in atya "dad", emya "mum" q.v. The forms ataryo "daddy" and amilyë "mummy" q.v. may contain gender-specific variants -yo masc. and -yë fem. 4 pronominal suffix his and probably also her, its, said to be used in colloquial Quenya which had redefined the correct ending for this meaning, -rya, to mean their because it was associated with the plural ending -r. Hence e.g. cambeya k his hand, yulmaya his cup VT49:17 instead of formally correct forms in -rya. The ending -ya was actually ancient, primitive ¤-jā being used for all numbers in the 3rd person, predating elaborated forms like -rya. It is said that -ya remained in Quenya in the case of old nouns with consonantal stems, Tolkien listing tál foot, cas head, nér man, sír river and macil sword as examples. He refers to the continued existence of such forms as talya his foot, that could apparently be used even in correct Quenya VT49:17. In PE17:130, the forms talya his foot and macilya k his or their sword are mentioned. 5 adjectival ending, as in the word Quenya Elvish itself; when added to a verbal stem it may derive a kind of short active participle, as in melumatya honey-eating mat- eat, saucarya evil-doing car- do. PE17:68 -
42 ga
preposed plural marker of rare usagesometimes used with a few nouns denoting human beings, more often omitted. Te ga vî'e, te ga poki, the women and the children. Ga rauhiva twins.used with some proper names. Ga Vaka, Alpha and Beta Centauri (lit. Canoes) -
43 भः _bhḥ
भः 1 N. of the planet Venus.-2 Error, delusion, mere semblance.-3 An epithet of Śukra.-4 N. given to the base of nouns before the vowel terminations beginning with accusative plural; cf. अङ्ग and पद.-5 A bee.-भम् 1 A star; ननु भान्यमूनि Rām. Ch.6.33; भगणो भाति यद्भयात् Bhāg.3.29.4.-2 A lunar mansion or asterism.-3 A planet.-4 A sign of the zodiac.-5 The number twenty-seven.-Comp. -ईनः, -ईशः 1 the sun.-2 the regent of an asterism.-कक्षा the path of the asterisms.-गणः, वर्गः 1 the group of stars or asterisms.-2 the zodiac.-3 revolution of the planets in the zodiac.-गमः the revolution of a planet; Hch.-गोलः the starry sphere.-चक्रम्, -पञ्जरः, -मण्डलम् the zodiac.˚नाभिः the centre of the zodiac.-प a. the regent of an asterism.-पतिः the moon.-भ्रमः a sidereal day.-लता Pæderia Foetida (Mar. हरणवेल).-वासरः a sidereal day.-सन्धिः N. of the last quarters of the asterisms, आश्लेषा, ज्येष्ठा and रेवती.-सूचकः an astrologer. -
44 Eru
divine name "the One" = God VT43:32, VT44:16-17, "the One God" Letters:387, a name reserved for the most solemn occasions WJ:402. Often in the combination Eru Ilúvatar, "Eru Allfather" cf. MR:112. Genitive Eruo MR:329, VT43:28/32, dative Erun VT44:32, 34. The adjectival form Eruva "divine" Eruva lissëo "of divine grace", VT44:18 would be identical to the form appearing in the possessive case. Compound nouns: Eruhantalë "Thanksgiving to Eru", a Númenórean festival UT:166, 436, Eruhin pl. Eruhíni "Children of Eru", Elves and Men WJ:403; SA:híni, cf. Eruhîn in Letters:345, Eruion *"son of God" or "God the Son"? VT44:16, Erukyermë "Prayer to Eru", a Númenórean festival UT:166, 436, Erulaitalë "Praise of Eru", a Númenórean festival UT:166, 436, Eruamillë "Mother of God" in Tolkien's translation of the Hail Mary, VT43:32, see also VT44:7, Eruontari, Eruontarië other translations of "Mother Begetter of God" VT44:7, 18, Erusén "the children of God" RGEO:74; this is a strange form with no plural ending; contrast the synonym Eruhíni. \#Eruanna and \#erulissë, various terms for "grace", literally "God-gift" and "God-sweetness", respectively VT43:29; these words are attested in the genitive and instrumental case, respectively: Eruanno, erulissenen. -
45 imbë
1 prep "between" Nam, RGEO:67, VT47:11, PE17:92. This is "between" referring to a gap, space, barrier, or anything intervening between two other things, like or unlike one another compare enel. The pluralized form imbi implies "among" of several things ancalima imbi eleni "brightest among stars"; "in the sense 'among' before plurals imbë is usually pluralized imbi even when a plural noun follows". As pointed out by Patrick Wynne, imbi may also be used in the sense of "between" before two singular nouns connected by "and" as in the example imbi Menel Cemenyë "between heaven and earth", whereas imbë is used before dual forms, as in the examples imbë siryat "between two rivers", imbë met "between us". Elided imb' in the phrase imb' illi "among all" VT47:11, 30. A dual form imbit is also mentioned, used to express "in absolute form the sense 'between two things' when these are not named" apparently meaning that imbit expresses *"between them" referring to two entities, with no noun following VT47:30, PE17:92 2 noun "dell, deep vale" VT45:18, wide ravine between high mountain sides PE17:92 3 adv. "inwards" obsoleted by \#1 and \#2 above?. Changed by Tolkien from imba VT45:18 -
46 BETWEEN
1) imbi (dual imbë). This is "between" referring to a gap, space, barrier, or anything intervening between two other things, like or unlike one another. The pluralized form imbi implies "among" of several things (ancalima imbi eleni "brightest among stars"); "in the sense 'among' before plurals [imbë] is usually pluralized > imbi even when a plural noun follows". As pointed out by Patrick Wynne, imbi may also be used in the sense of "between" before two singular nouns connected by "and" (as in the example imbi Menel Cemenyë "between heaven and earth"), whereas imbë is used before dual forms, as in the examples imbë siryat "between two rivers", imbë met "between us". Elided imb' is attested in the phrase imb' illi "among all". The form imbit is said to be a "dualized form" expressing "between two things" when "these are not named" (VT47:30), apparently implying that imbit by itself means *"between the two", with no noun following. 2) enel (used for "between" = "at the central position in a row, list, series, etc. but also applied to the case of three persons" [VT47:11]. This preposition refers to the position of a thing between others of the same kind). 3) mitta- (does the final hyphen suggest that the latter form is used as prefix, somewhat like *"inter-"?) –Nam/RGEO:67, VT47:11, 30; VT43:30
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