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(this+principle)

  • 1 this principle is universally applicаble ...

      • это универсальный принцип...

    English-Russian dictionary of phrases and cliches for a specialist researcher > this principle is universally applicаble ...

  • 2 according to this principle

    Универсальный англо-русский словарь > according to this principle

  • 3 employing this principle of action

    Универсальный англо-русский словарь > employing this principle of action

  • 4 on this principle

    Математика: по этому принципу

    Универсальный англо-русский словарь > on this principle

  • 5 opponents of this principle argue that

    Универсальный англо-русский словарь > opponents of this principle argue that

  • 6 under this principle

    Универсальный англо-русский словарь > under this principle

  • 7 with this principle in mind

    Математика: (general) исходя из этого принципа

    Универсальный англо-русский словарь > with this principle in mind

  • 8 (an) example of this principle in practice

    пример этого принципа в действии/на практике

    English-Russian combinatory dictionary > (an) example of this principle in practice

  • 9 principle

    'prinsəpəl
    1) (a general truth, rule or law: the principle of gravity.) prinsipp, grunnsetning, lov
    2) (the theory by which a machine etc works: the principle of the jet engine.) prinsipp
    •
    - in principle
    - on principle
    forskrift
    --------
    prinsipp
    subst. \/ˈprɪnsəpl\/
    1) prinsipp
    2) grunnsetning, læresetning, sats
    3) lov
    4) (hoved)bestanddel
    Archimede's principle ( fysikk) Arkimedes' lov
    as a matter of principle av prinsipp av prinsipielle grunner
    in principle i prinsippet, prinsipielt
    make something a principle gjøre noe til prinsipp
    on grounds of principle av prinsipielle grunner
    on\/from principle av prinsipp prinsipielt
    on this principle etter dette, ifølge dette (prinsippet)
    principle of deterrence ( jus) prevensjonsprinsippet
    principle of law ( jus) rettsgrunnsetning
    ride a principle to death tviholde på et prinsipp
    void of\/without principle uten prinsipper

    English-Norwegian dictionary > principle

  • 10 Principle

    subs.
    Source, origin: P. and V. ἀρχή, ἡ.
    Cause: P. and V. αἰτία, ἡ.
    Legal principle: P. ὑπόθεσις, ἡ (Dem. 1082).
    Rule of action: P. προαίρεσις, ἡ.
    Standard: P. and V. κανών, ὁ, ὅρος, ὁ.
    The principles and foundations of action: P.. τῶν πράξεων αἱ ἀρχαὶ καὶ αἱ ὑποθέσεις (Dem. 21).
    This is the principle of democracy: P. τοῦτό ἐστι δημοτικόν (Dem. 436).
    To govern on oligarchic principles: P. κατʼ ὀλιγαρχίαν πολιτεύειν (absol.). (Thuc. 1, 19).
    The cause and originating principle of existing things: P. τὸ αἴτιον καὶ τὸ ἀρχηγὸν τῶν ὄντων (Plat., Crat. 401D).

    Woodhouse English-Greek dictionary. A vocabulary of the Attic language > Principle

  • 11 principle failure

    1. принципиальный отказ

     

    принципиальный отказ
    Неправильное функционирование защиты, вызванное ошибкой проектирования, конструирования, настройки или применения защиты.
    Примечания:
    1) Этот вид отказа, как правило, не может быть обнаружен тестированием при техническом обслуживании.
    2) Отказ программных средств в цифровых реле является принципиальным отказом.
    5430
    [Разработка типовых структурных схем микропроцессорных устройств РЗА на объектах ОАО "ФКС ЕЭС". Пояснительная записка. Новосибирск 2006 г.]

    EN

    principle failure
    an incorrect operation of protection caused by a mistake in the planning or design or setting or application of the protection
    Note 1 – This kind of failure cannot normally be discovered by maintenance testing.
    Note 2 – A failure attributable to software in a digital relay is a principle failure.
    5432
    [IEV ref 448-12-10]

    FR

    défaillance de principe
    fonctionnement incorrect d'une protection dû à une erreur d'organisation, de conception, de réglage ou d'application de la protection
    Note 1 – Ce type de défaillance ne peut en général pas être décelé par des essais de maintenance.
    Note 2 – Une défaillance attribuable au logiciel dans un relais numérique est une défaillance de principe.
    [IEV ref 448-12-10]

    Тематики

    EN

    DE

    • Ausfall aufgrund von Prinzipfehler, m

    FR

    Англо-русский словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > principle failure

  • 12 this approach violates the basic principle of

    Универсальный англо-русский словарь > this approach violates the basic principle of

  • 13 this fundamental principle has been breached

    Универсальный англо-русский словарь > this fundamental principle has been breached

  • 14 this man sticks at no principle

    Универсальный англо-русский словарь > this man sticks at no principle

  • 15 this is a most important principle to grasp ...

      • это один из самых важных принципов, который следует понять...

    English-Russian dictionary of phrases and cliches for a specialist researcher > this is a most important principle to grasp ...

  • 16 cause for concern principle

    1. причина озабоченности

     

    причина озабоченности
    —
    [ http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]

    EN

    cause for concern principle
    Principle connected with the precautionary principle: it means that, if there are strong reasons for expecting serious or irreversible damage to the environment following a given project, lack of full scientific certainty should not be used as a reason for postponing cost-effective measures to prevent environmental degradation. Critics of this approach are concerned about large commitments of resources to deal with vaguely defined problems. (Source: GILP96a)
    [http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]

    Тематики

    EN

    DE

    FR

    Англо-русский словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > cause for concern principle

  • 17 with this (general) principle in mind

    Математика: исходя из этого принципа

    Универсальный англо-русский словарь > with this (general) principle in mind

  • 18 If you pick up a starving dog and make him prosperous, he will not bite you. This is the principle difference between a dog and a man.

    <01> Если Вы подберете голодную собаку и устроите ей роскошную жизнь, она никогда не укусит Вас. В этом главная разница между собакой и человеком. Twain (Твен).

    Англо-русский словарь цитат, пословиц, поговорок и идиом > If you pick up a starving dog and make him prosperous, he will not bite you. This is the principle difference between a dog and a man.

  • 19 Knowledge

       It is indeed an opinion strangely prevailing amongst men, that houses, mountains, rivers, and, in a word, all sensible objects, have an existence, natural or real, distinct from their being perceived by the understanding. But, with how great an assurance and acquiescence soever this principle may be entertained in the world, yet whoever shall find in his heart to call it into question may, if I mistake not, perceive it to involve a manifest contradiction. For, what are the forementioned objects but things we perceive by sense? and what do we perceive besides our own ideas or sensations? and is it not plainly repugnant that any one of these, or any combination of them, should exist unperceived? (Berkeley, 1996, Pt. I, No. 4, p. 25)
       It seems to me that the only objects of the abstract sciences or of demonstration are quantity and number, and that all attempts to extend this more perfect species of knowledge beyond these bounds are mere sophistry and illusion. As the component parts of quantity and number are entirely similar, their relations become intricate and involved; and nothing can be more curious, as well as useful, than to trace, by a variety of mediums, their equality or inequality, through their different appearances.
       But as all other ideas are clearly distinct and different from each other, we can never advance farther, by our utmost scrutiny, than to observe this diversity, and, by an obvious reflection, pronounce one thing not to be another. Or if there be any difficulty in these decisions, it proceeds entirely from the undeterminate meaning of words, which is corrected by juster definitions. That the square of the hypotenuse is equal to the squares of the other two sides cannot be known, let the terms be ever so exactly defined, without a train of reasoning and enquiry. But to convince us of this proposition, that where there is no property, there can be no injustice, it is only necessary to define the terms, and explain injustice to be a violation of property. This proposition is, indeed, nothing but a more imperfect definition. It is the same case with all those pretended syllogistical reasonings, which may be found in every other branch of learning, except the sciences of quantity and number; and these may safely, I think, be pronounced the only proper objects of knowledge and demonstration. (Hume, 1975, Sec. 12, Pt. 3, pp. 163-165)
       Our knowledge springs from two fundamental sources of the mind; the first is the capacity of receiving representations (the ability to receive impressions), the second is the power to know an object through these representations (spontaneity in the production of concepts).
       Through the first, an object is given to us; through the second, the object is thought in relation to that representation.... Intuition and concepts constitute, therefore, the elements of all our knowledge, so that neither concepts without intuition in some way corresponding to them, nor intuition without concepts, can yield knowledge. Both may be either pure or empirical.... Pure intuitions or pure concepts are possible only a priori; empirical intuitions and empirical concepts only a posteriori. If the receptivity of our mind, its power of receiving representations in so far as it is in any way affected, is to be called "sensibility," then the mind's power of producing representations from itself, the spontaneity of knowledge, should be called "understanding." Our nature is so constituted that our intuitions can never be other than sensible; that is, it contains only the mode in which we are affected by objects. The faculty, on the other hand, which enables us to think the object of sensible intuition is the understanding.... Without sensibility, no object would be given to us; without understanding, no object would be thought. Thoughts without content are empty; intuitions without concepts are blind. It is therefore just as necessary to make our concepts sensible, that is, to add the object to them in intuition, as to make our intuitions intelligible, that is to bring them under concepts. These two powers or capacities cannot exchange their functions. The understanding can intuit nothing, the senses can think nothing. Only through their union can knowledge arise. (Kant, 1933, Sec. 1, Pt. 2, B74-75 [p. 92])
       Metaphysics, as a natural disposition of Reason is real, but it is also, in itself, dialectical and deceptive.... Hence to attempt to draw our principles from it, and in their employment to follow this natural but none the less fallacious illusion can never produce science, but only an empty dialectical art, in which one school may indeed outdo the other, but none can ever attain a justifiable and lasting success. In order that, as a science, it may lay claim not merely to deceptive persuasion, but to insight and conviction, a Critique of Reason must exhibit in a complete system the whole stock of conceptions a priori, arranged according to their different sources-the Sensibility, the understanding, and the Reason; it must present a complete table of these conceptions, together with their analysis and all that can be deduced from them, but more especially the possibility of synthetic knowledge a priori by means of their deduction, the principles of its use, and finally, its boundaries....
       This much is certain: he who has once tried criticism will be sickened for ever of all the dogmatic trash he was compelled to content himself with before, because his Reason, requiring something, could find nothing better for its occupation. Criticism stands to the ordinary school metaphysics exactly in the same relation as chemistry to alchemy, or as astron omy to fortune-telling astrology. I guarantee that no one who has comprehended and thought out the conclusions of criticism, even in these Prolegomena, will ever return to the old sophistical pseudo-science. He will rather look forward with a kind of pleasure to a metaphysics, certainly now within his power, which requires no more preparatory discoveries, and which alone can procure for reason permanent satisfaction. (Kant, 1891, pp. 115-116)
       Knowledge is only real and can only be set forth fully in the form of science, in the form of system. Further, a so-called fundamental proposition or first principle of philosophy, even if it is true, it is yet none the less false, just because and in so far as it is merely a fundamental proposition, merely a first principle. It is for that reason easily refuted. The refutation consists in bringing out its defective character; and it is defective because it is merely the universal, merely a principle, the beginning. If the refutation is complete and thorough, it is derived and developed from the nature of the principle itself, and not accomplished by bringing in from elsewhere other counter-assurances and chance fancies. It would be strictly the development of the principle, and thus the completion of its deficiency, were it not that it misunderstands its own purport by taking account solely of the negative aspect of what it seeks to do, and is not conscious of the positive character of its process and result. The really positive working out of the beginning is at the same time just as much the very reverse: it is a negative attitude towards the principle we start from. Negative, that is to say, in its one-sided form, which consists in being primarily immediate, a mere purpose. It may therefore be regarded as a refutation of what constitutes the basis of the system; but more correctly it should be looked at as a demonstration that the basis or principle of the system is in point of fact merely its beginning. (Hegel, 1910, pp. 21-22)
       Knowledge, action, and evaluation are essentially connected. The primary and pervasive significance of knowledge lies in its guidance of action: knowing is for the sake of doing. And action, obviously, is rooted in evaluation. For a being which did not assign comparative values, deliberate action would be pointless; and for one which did not know, it would be impossible. Conversely, only an active being could have knowledge, and only such a being could assign values to anything beyond his own feelings. A creature which did not enter into the process of reality to alter in some part the future content of it, could apprehend a world only in the sense of intuitive or esthetic contemplation; and such contemplation would not possess the significance of knowledge but only that of enjoying and suffering. (Lewis, 1946, p. 1)
       "Evolutionary epistemology" is a branch of scholarship that applies the evolutionary perspective to an understanding of how knowledge develops. Knowledge always involves getting information. The most primitive way of acquiring it is through the sense of touch: amoebas and other simple organisms know what happens around them only if they can feel it with their "skins." The knowledge such an organism can have is strictly about what is in its immediate vicinity. After a huge jump in evolution, organisms learned to find out what was going on at a distance from them, without having to actually feel the environment. This jump involved the development of sense organs for processing information that was farther away. For a long time, the most important sources of knowledge were the nose, the eyes, and the ears. The next big advance occurred when organisms developed memory. Now information no longer needed to be present at all, and the animal could recall events and outcomes that happened in the past. Each one of these steps in the evolution of knowledge added important survival advantages to the species that was equipped to use it.
       Then, with the appearance in evolution of humans, an entirely new way of acquiring information developed. Up to this point, the processing of information was entirely intrasomatic.... But when speech appeared (and even more powerfully with the invention of writing), information processing became extrasomatic. After that point knowledge did not have to be stored in the genes, or in the memory traces of the brain; it could be passed on from one person to another through words, or it could be written down and stored on a permanent substance like stone, paper, or silicon chips-in any case, outside the fragile and impermanent nervous system. (Csikszentmihalyi, 1993, pp. 56-57)

    Historical dictionary of quotations in cognitive science > Knowledge

  • 20 apply

    1. I
    when does the rule apply? когда /в каких случаях/ можно применить это правило /действует это правило/?; in my case this does not apply ко мне или к моему делу это не относится
    2. II
    1) apply somewhere the rule (the law, this principle, the argument, etc.) applies here это правило применимо /применяется, действует, подходит/ в данной ситуации; apply at some time this rule does not always apply это правило не всегда применимо /приложимо не ко всем случаям/
    2) apply somewhere house to let, apply next door сдается дом, за справками обращаться рядом
    3. III
    apply smth.
    1) apply a system (a rule, the law, force, etc.) применить /использовать/ систему и т. д.; apply a new method пользоваться новым методом; apply a brake затормозить; apply a term (a word, that adjective, technical.language, etc.) употреблять термин и т. д.
    2) apply a hot compress (a poultice, etc.) прикладывать /делать/ горячий компресс и т. д., apply a mustard-plaster (leeches, etc.) ставить горчичники и т. д., apply another coat of paint нанести еще один слой краски, еще раз покрасить
    4. IV
    apply smth. in some manner
    1) apply a word (an expression, a term, etc.) aptly (indiscriminately, satirically, scientifically, professionally, extensively, etc.) уместно и т. д. употреблять /применить/ слово и т. д.
    2) apply paint liberally густо красить, наносить густой слой краски; apply make-up freely сильно мазаться, применять много косметики
    5. XVI
    1) apply to smb., smth. apply to all students (to the beginners, to the members, to all libraries, etc.) относиться /иметь отношение/ ко всем студентам и т. д., распространиться на всех студентов и т. д; this order (the law) applies to all citizens этот приказ (этот закон) распространяется на /касается/ всех граждан; what I am saying does not apply to you то, что я говори), к вам не относится; this argument (this principle) applies to all cases этот довод (этот принцип) применим во всех случаях; apply in smth. does the rule apply in this case? это правило распространяется на данный случай?, это правило приложимо к данному случаю /может быть использовано в данном случае/?
    2) apply for smth. apply for a job /for a situation, for a place, for a post, for a position/ обращаться по поводу работы; apply for membership (for payment, etc.) подавать заявление о приеме в члены и т. д., she applied for help она обратилась за помощью, она попросила, чтобы ей оказали содействие; they applied for information они попросили сообщить им данные; he applied for the right to use the library он попросил разрешения пользоваться библиотекой; apply at some place apply at the following address (at the office, etc.) обращаться no следующему адресу и т. д || apply in person обращаться лично; apply by letter обращаться в письменном виде; apply to smb. apply to the agent (to the head of the department, to the president, etc.) обращаться к уполномоченному и т. д.
    6. XVIII
    apply oneself to /in/ smth. apply oneself to mathematics (to one's work, to the study of classics, in learning French, etc.) запяться математикой и т. д., industriously apply oneself to languages усердно завиться языками; apply oneself wholly to this project полностью отдаться работе над этой темой /посвятить себя разработке этой темы/
    7. XXI1
    1) apply smth. to smth. apply the rule to this case применить это правило к данному случаю; apply steam to navigation использовать nap в мореплавании; apply a sum of money to one's own use израсходовать некоторую сумму на собственные нужды; apply all one's skill to smth. приложить все свое умение /мастерство/ к чему-л.; apply the new method to industry внедрить новый метод в производство; apply one's energies to smth. направить свои усилия на что-л.; apply one's mind to study заняться учебой
    2) apply to smb. for smth. apply to the policeman for aid (to the consul for a passport, to the doctor for advice, etc.) обращаться к полицейскому за помощью и т. д.; you will have to apply for it to him personally (directly, immediately, etc.) вам придется лично и т. д. обратиться к нему по этому поводу
    3) apply smth. to smth. apply one's eye to the telescope (one's ear to the keyhole, etc.) приложить глаз к телескопу и т. д.; apply a match to a candle поднести спичку к свече; apply ointment to a burn смазывать ожог мазью; liberally apply iodine to a scratch обильно смазать царапину йодом; apply oil to a machine смазать машину [маслом]; apply varnish to the surface наносить лак на /лакировать/ поверхность

    English-Russian dictionary of verb phrases > apply

Страницы

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