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1 REALM
arda (region). This word means "any more or less bounded or defined place, a region" (WJ:402) or "a particular land or region" (WJ:413). Arda (with a capital A) was "the name given to our world or earth...within the immensity of Eä". –3AR, Letters:283 -
2 BLESSED
alya, almárëa (prosperous, rich, abundant), herenya (wealthy, fortunate, rich), manaquenta or manquenta, also aman ("blessed, free from evil" – Aman was "chiefly used as the name of the land where the Valar dwelt" [WJ:399], and as an adjective “blessed” the word may add an adjectival ending: amanya, VT49:41). Aman is the apparent Quenya equivalent of “the Blessed Realm” (allative Amanna is attested, VT49:26). The word calambar, apparently literally *“light-fated”, also seems to mean “blessed” (VT49:41). Cf. also BLESSED BEING Manwë (name of the King of the Valar). Alya, almárëa, and herenya are adjectives that may also have worldly connontations, apparently often used with reference to one who is "blessed" with material possessions or simply has good luck; on the other hand, the forms derived from the root man- primarily describe something free from evil: Cf. mána "blessed" in Fíriel's Song (referring to the Valar) and the alternative form manna in VT43:19 [cf. VT45:32] (in VT45 referring to the Virgin Mary; the form mána may be preferred for clarity, since manna is apparently also the question-word "whither?", "where to?") The forms manaquenta or manquenta also include the man- root, but it is combined with a derivative (passive participle?) of the verbal stem quet- "say, speak", these forms seemingly referring to someone who is "blessed" in the sense that people speak well of this person (a third form from the same source, manque, is possibly incomplete: read manquenta?) (VT44:10-11) The most purely "spiritual" term is possibly the word aistana, used for "blessed" in Tolkien's translation of the Hail Mary, where this word refers to the Virgin (VT43:27-28, 30). Aistana is apparently not an independent adjective (like alya, mána etc.), but rather the passive participle of a verb \#aista- "bless"; see above concerning its precise application. BLESSEDNESS vald- (so in LT1:272; nom. sg. must be either *val or *valdë) (happiness; but since this word comes from early material where it was intended to be related to Valar "Happy/Blessed Ones", its conceptual validity may be doubted because Tolkien later reinterpreted Valar as "the Powers" and dropped the earlier etymology). BLESSING (a boon, a good or fortunate thing), see BOON. "BLESSINGS", BLESSEDNESS, BLISS almië, almarë; FINAL BLISS manar, mandë (doom, final end, fate, fortune) –LotR:989 cf Letters:308; GAL, KHER, Letters:283, LT1:272, MAN/MANAD, VT43:19, 27-28, 30 -
3 EAST
rómen (allative Rómenna as a region of Númenor and ablative Rómello in Namárië are capitalized), róna; EASTERN rómenya (Entar, Entardar "Outer Lands, Middle-earth" is also glossed as "East" once, as opposed to the Blessed Realm of the West.) The words órë "dawn, Sunrise, East" and its corresponding adjective órëa (LT1:264) are probably not valid words in LotR-style Quenya; see DAWN. Neither can Ostar "East" be a valid word; see GATE. EAST-VICTOR Rómendacil (one of the Kings of Gondor) EAST-LANDS Orrostar (a region in Númenor). EAST-HELPER (masc. name) Rómestámo, Róme(n)star (so in PM:384, 391; probably ?Rómenstar must always become Rómestar, but Tolkien cited the form as Róme(n)star to indicate the connection with rómen "east") –RŌ/LotR:1157, UT:463, Nam, EN, LotR:1075, 1081, UT:165, 459, PM:384, 391) -
4 FENCED FIELD
peler, FENCING OR DEFENSIVE HEIGHTS Pelóri (the mountain-range at the western coast of the Blessed Realm). –PEL(ES), WJ:403 -
5 ORC
(goblin) urco (stem urcu-, pl. urqui) or orco (pl. orqui or orcor, in the former case probably with stem *orcu- throughout). LT1:264 has orc, but word-final rc does not occur in LotR-style Quenya. Here the gloss is "monster, demon". Cf. WJ:390: "In the lore of the Blessed Realm the Q urko naturally seldom occurs, except in tales of the ancient days and the March, and then is vague in meaning, referring to anything that caused fear to the Elves, any dubious shape or shadow, or prowling creature." –ÓROK, LT1:264, WJ:390 -
6 REGION
ména, arda (realm), harda –MEN, LotR:1157, VT45:12
См. также в других словарях:
realm — [relm] n [Date: 1200 1300; : Old French; Origin: realme, from Latin regimen; REGIMEN] 1.) written a general area of knowledge, activity, or thought ▪ the spiritual realm realm of ▪ an idea that belongs in the realm of science fiction … Dictionary of contemporary English
Realm — steht im Englischen für Reich, Bereich, Domäne. Im Deutschen ist es ein Fachbegriff der Informatik. Bei Verzeichnisdiensten wie Active Directory, die z.B. über LDAP angesprochen werden, bezeichnet Realm die Gesamtheit aller Einträge eines… … Deutsch Wikipedia
realm — [ relm ] noun count * 1. ) FORMAL a particular area of knowledge, experience, interest, etc.: the political/military realm realm of: This is not really within the realms of my experience. 2. ) MAINLY LITERARY a country ruled by a king or queen:… … Usage of the words and phrases in modern English
Realm — (r[e^]lm), n. [OE. realme, ream, reaume, OF. reialme, roialme, F. royaume, fr. (assumed) LL. regalimen, from L. regalis royal. See {Regal}.] 1. A royal jurisdiction or domain; a region which is under the dominion of a king; a kingdom. [1913… … The Collaborative International Dictionary of English
realm — [relm] n. [ME reame, later realme < OFr, altered (by assoc. with reiel > ROYAL) < reaume < L regimen, rule: see REGIMEN] 1. a kingdom 2. a region; sphere; area [the realm of thought] 3. Ecol. any of the primary biogeographic regions… … English World dictionary
realm — I noun area, authority, bailiwick, country, demesne, department, domain, dominion, empire, field, jurisdiction, kingdom, land, monarchy, orbit, perimeters, power, province, region, respublica, sphere, territory II index ambit, area (province),… … Law dictionary
realm — (n.) late 13c., from O.Fr. reaume, probably from roiaume kingdom, altered (by influence of L. regalis regal ) from Gallo Romance *regiminem, accusative form of L. regimen system of government, rule (see REGIMEN (Cf. regimen)) … Etymology dictionary
realm — [n] area of responsibility or rule branch, compass, country, department, dimension, domain, dominion, empire, expanse, extent, field, ground, kingdom, land, monarchy, neck of the woods*, neighborhood, orbit, place, principality, province, purview … New thesaurus
realm — ► NOUN 1) archaic, literary, or Law a kingdom. 2) a field or domain of activity or interest. ORIGIN Old French reaume, from Latin regimen government … English terms dictionary
realm — noun 1 area of activity/interest/knowledge ADJECTIVE ▪ whole ▪ the whole realm of human intellect ▪ new ▪ international ▪ public … Collocations dictionary
realm — 01. The King was loved by all the people of his great [realm]. 02. The slogan of Germany s Nazi Party in the 1930s was, One [realm], one people, one leader. 03. In 3100 B.C., the King of Upper Egypt united the [realms] of Upper and Lower Egypt,… … Grammatical examples in English
